浙江省寧波市2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末九校聯(lián)考英語試卷（含答案）

第第頁(yè)浙江省寧波市2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末九校聯(lián)考英語試卷一、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳答案。SomeTopCoastDestinationstoVisitBritainhasover18,000milesofcoastlinetoexplore:fromwhitesoftsandsandvibrantseasideresorts,towildnaturereservesfilledwithpuffins（海鸚）,dolphinsandvariousthrills.Whereveryou'reheading,here'swheretosplash,surf,dive,swim-andperhapsevensunbathe-onBritain'sshores.WhyweloveKent?Fromice-creamshopstotownsthatareonthemapforcutting-edgefoodandart,the'GardenofEngland'ismeantfordiscovery.JustashorthopfromLondontakesyoutoMargate-hometotheTurnerContemporarygalleryandDreamlandthemepark.TuckintodeliciousoystersandotherseafoodinWhitstableortrybohemianRamsgateforaweekendaway.Relaxamongthecandy-colouredbeachhutsofBroadstairs,orbringthepastaliveinthesurroundsoftime-honoredDoverCastle,LeedsCastleorCanterburyCathedral.WhywelovetheJurassicCoast?Welcometodinosaurterritory.Over200millionyearsold,theJurassicCoast'sbeachesandrocksarestrewnwithancientfossilsandfootprints-yourstodiscoveronwalks,bikeridesandpicnics.Butthat'snotall.This95-milecoastlinealsoofferscountlesswaystoexplore:fromkayakingbetweenthechalk-whitetowersofOldHarryRocksandswimminginWestBay'sclearwaters,towatchingthesunsetovertheseafromPortlandBillLighthouse.Whereveryouventure,here'swhattolookoutfor,andthebestplacestostay.WhywelovetheWalesCoastPath.Thisisn'tjustawalkingtrail-it'stheroutetoadventure,culture,wildlifeandmore,servingup870milesofbreathtakingseaviews,gloriousbeaches,wildflower-toppedcliffsandcharmingharbourvillages.EvenashortwalkisastartingpointtodiscoverthetreasuresofcoastalWales:fromsurfing,sailingandswimming,tohorse-ridingonbeachesandcyclingthroughforests.Youdon'thavetobealong-distancehikertoenjoytheWalesCoastPath:wildlifelovers,thrillseekers,daytrippers-thisone'sforyou.1．WhichofthefollowingmaybethereasonwhypeoplevisitKent?A．Itsthrillingseasports. B．Itslonghikingpath.C．Itsdiversewildlife. D．Itsoldbuildings.2．Whichdestinationmayattractthoseinterestedinstudyingtheremainsofancientcreatures?A．Kent. B．TheJurassicCoast.C．Margate. D．TheWalesCoastPath.3．Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A．Atravelbrochure. B．Ageographymagazine.C．Alocalnewspaper. D．Anentertainmentweekly.閱讀理解Whentheparcelarrives,theremote-controlledcarinsideisbroken.Thatcouldeasilyresultinanunhappychild-butnotthistime.ThepackagehascomefromaBritishstart-upthathopestoequipthenation'syoungsterswithanendangeredskill:theabilitytofixgadgetswhentheyfail.Theaimistoencourage10to14-year-oldstotryfixingelectronicdevicesandlearnhowtheywork,bysendingthemfaultytoysthattheyhavetotakeapartandrepairthemselves.Thecompany,TeamRepair,hasbeenfoundedbyfiveengineeringgraduatesfromImperialCollegeLondon.Havingbegunasauniversityproject,itsultimategoalistosteerchildrenintocareersinscienceandtonurture（培養(yǎng)）anewgenerationofengineersandinventors."Everymonth,we'llsendchildrenanelectronicgadgetwithacarefullyplannedfault,"saidPatrickMcGuckian,22,thechiefoperatingofficer."Theideaisthattheylearnkeyrepairskills,andthattheyalsolearnthescienceandtechnologybehindhowthecomponentsinsideitwork."ItisestimatedthattwomilliontonnesofelectricalandelectronicitemsarethrownawayintheUKeachyear."Meanwhile,theUKhasaStem[science,technology,engineeringandmaths]skillsshortagecosting￡1.5billionayear,"McGuckiansaid."Wewantedtohelpsolvethosetwoproblems."Theservice-currentlyinatestingphase-willcost￡28amonth,witheachkitdesignedtokeepachildoccupiedforseveralhours.Onceagadgethasbeenmended,youpostitbacksoitcanbebrokenagainforsomebodyelsetofix.Thereisalsoanapptoprovideinstructionsonhowtoperformtherepair,andalsominisciencelessons."Asasocietywe'vebeentunedtoreplaceratherthanrepair,"McGuckiansaid."Wewanttoencourageadifferentmindsetinthenextgeneration-andontopofthat,wewantthemtobecreative,tobeengineers,tobeinventorsthatsolvethebiggestproblems."4．Whydoestheauthormentiontheremote-controlledcarinthefirstparagraph?A．Tointroducethetopic. B．Topresentafact.C．Tomakeacomparison. D．Toexplainapoint.5．What'stheaimofsettingupthecompanyTeamRepair?A．Toprovidechildrenwithfaultytoys.B．Toreducetheuseofelectronicitems.C．TohelpchildrenlearnStemskillsforfree.D．Toequipchildrenwiththeabilitytorepair.6．Whatwillchildrengetiftheysignupfortheservice?A．Thegadgetafterbeingrepaired.B．Face-to-faceguidancetomend.C．Someminisciencelessonsonline.D．Afaultyelectronicgadgetweekly.7．Whatisthesuitabletitleforthetext?A．BrokenToysHaveaGoodPlacetoGoB．TeamRepairforYoungPeoplewasSetUpC．TheAbilitytoFixGadgetsistobeImprovedD．BrokenToysOfferNeatFixforSkillsShortage閱讀理解Itisn'tjustpeoplewhogetroadrage.Robins,akindofsmallbrownEuropeanbird,inthecountrysidebecomemoreaggressivewhentheyhearthesoundoftraffic,accordingtoastudy.Whenarobinarrivesuninvitedonanotherbird'sterritory,theyadapttheirsongstowardtherivalaway,andadoptvisualdisplaysincludingswayingfromsidetosideandthreateninglybaringtheirredchestfeathers,beforeclosinginandevengoingontheattack.Previousstudieshadfoundthatrobinslivingincitiesweremorephysicallyaggressivethantheirruralcousins.Thelatestresearchsuggeststhatnoisepollutioncouldplayapart.Toexploretheconnection,scientistsfromUKandTurkeyputa3D-printedplasticmodelofarobinonanotherrobin'splaceattwolocations:anurbanparkinIstanbulthatwasclosetobusyroads,andaquietwoodedareaoutsidethecity.Themodelintruder（闖入者）wasalsoequippedwithrecordingsofrobinsongs.Then,throughaseparatespeakernearby,theyaddedtrafficnoise."Innormallyquietsurroundings,wefoundthatadditionaltrafficnoiseleadstoruralrobinsbecomingmorephysicallyaggressive,forinstanceapproachingthemodelbirdmoreclosely,"saidDr?aglarAkcay,thestudy'sleadauthor.Butwhentheyplayedtheextratraffictotheurbanbirds,theydidnotbecomeanymoreaggressive-insteadtheyrespondedbysingingless,suggestingtheyhadperhapslearnedto"sitout"temporaryincreasesinnoise.Akcayandhisteambelievedthatthetrafficnoisewasinterferingwithrobins'naturalcommunicationthroughsong."Thehighlevelsofnoisethatexistdayandnightinurbanhabitats,suchasfromtrafficorconstructionequipment,maypermanentlyinterferewiththeefficienttransmissionofacoustic（聲音的）signalsandthisislikelytobethekeyreasonwhyurbanrobinsaretypicallymoreaggressivethanruralbirds,"hesaid.8．Whatkindofbirdarerobins?A．Mild. B．Competitive. C．Cooperative. D．Graceful.9．Howdidthescientistsconductthestudy?A．Byanalyzingpreviousresearchdata.B．Bycitingthefamousscientists'words.C．Bycomparingrobins'differentresponses.D．Byrecordingthemodelintruder'sbehavior.10．Whenexposedtoextratrafficnoise,howmayurbanrobinsreact?A．Singnotasfrequentlyasusual.B．Wardtherivalawaybysingingmore.C．Swaymoreviolentlyfromsidetoside.D．Approachthemodelbirdmoreclosely.11．WhatisAkcay'sattitudetothefutureofrobins?A．Unclear. B．Indifferent. C．Optimistic. D．Concerned.閱讀理解Formorethanacentury,PaulCézanne(1839-1906)hasbeencelebratedasanartist'sartist.Fornearlyaslong,thebanker'ssonfromAix-en-Provencehasbeencreditedwithlayingthegroundworkforthe20th-centuryavant-garde（前衛(wèi)派思想）.Butthecurators（負(fù)責(zé)人）ofthelargestCézanneexhibitionsince1997decidedthatmorecouldbelearnedaboutthegreatFrenchpost-impressionistsimplybylookingmorecloselyathispaintings.Ofthe80oilpaintingsinthisshow,whichwilllatertraveltoLondon'sTateModern,eighthavebeensubjectedtoinfraredX-rayandotherimagingtechnologiestodeterminehowhemadeeachmark.Thecurators'conclusion:WhatmadeCézanneapioneerandenduringinspirationisthatineverylandscape,stilllife,portrait,andfigurepainting,hewastryingtocommunicateemotionwitheverybrushstroke,buildingeachimagesensationbysensation.Unlikeotherartists,Cézanneseems"lessconcernedaboutwhatheisdepictingthanhowheisbuildingapicture,"saidKyleMacMillanintheChicagoSunTimes.InpaintingssuchasStillLifeWithApples(1893-94),"standardrulesofperspectiveareoverthrownandtheobjectslookliketheyareabouttoslideoffthetable."ButtheimpactthatCézannehadisobviousinthisshow,which"goestogreatlengths"tohighlightwhichworkswerecollectedbyfellowartists,saidJ.S.MarcusinTheWallStreetJournal.ClaudeMonet,PabloPicasso,andHenriMatisseallownedCézannes,andJasperJohnshasloanedtheshowoneofCézanne'sdrawingsoffemalebathers,afavoritesubjectoftheearlierartistthatisshowcasedinthisexhibition'sfinalroom.Thefiguresintheseworks"oftenhaveanimpassive（冷漠的）quality,leadingmanycriticstowonderifhefilledhiscelebratedappleswithgreateremotionthanhishumansubjects."ButnotthattheshowtellsyouhowtointerpretCézannes."It'suptoyoutowindyourownway.It'swhatCézannedid,afterall."12．WhatcanwelearnaboutCézanne?A．Hepaintedabout80oilpaintingsinhislifetime.B．HewasthecuratorofthelargestgalleryinFrance.C．HewasagreatFrenchpost-impressionistinthe1800s.D．Hewasapioneerinpaintingwithmoderntechnologies.13．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"overthrown"inparagraph3?A．Abandoned. B．Established. C．Obeyed. D．Created.14．WhatcanbeinferredaboutCézanne'sworks?A．Thefiguresinhisworksarefullofemotions.B．Hisworkswerelovedbymanyfellowartists.C．Thethemeofhisearlyworkswasrelatedtoreligion.D．HisworksarebeingexhibitedinTateModerninLondon.15．Whatisthistextmainlyabout?A．WorksofCézanne. B．ThelifestoryofCézanne.C．AnexhibitionofCézanne. D．PaintingskillsofCézanne.二、任務(wù)型閱讀（共5小題；每小題2分,滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TheHealingPowerofWaterIthasbeenaroughfewyear.Manyofusarefindingourselvesexhausted,burnedout,strugglingtobuildbalancebackintoourlives.16．Neuroscientistssaythatspendingtimenearoceans,lakes,riversandotherbluespacescanprovidearangeofbenefitsincludingreducinganxiety,easingmentalfatigueandrefreshingus.Participatinginwateractivitiessuchasswimmingorsurfingcanhelpusentera"flowstate,"wherewebecomefullyimmersedinwhatwe'redoing.17．Whenwebecomeskilledatanactivity,ourbrainchanges,makingiteveneasiertoenterastateofflowinthefuture.Bodiesofwateralsocanproduceaglorioussenseofawe-theemotionalresponsetosomethingvastthatexpandsandchallengeshowweseetheworld.18．Waterhasspecialpropertiesthatmayboostnature'spositiveimpact.19．Itssmellcanprovokepositivememoriesandassociations.Whenwearenearwater,thereisoftenlessvisualandauditoryinformationtoprocess.Ourmindcanrest.Whenwe'refloatinginwater,ourbodiescanresttoo,inawaywenevercanonland.20．Itmovesrhythmically,producingaplayoflight,colorandsoundthatisspellbinding.Itholdsourattention,butnotinanoverlydemandingway.Researcherscallthissoftfascination.Itgivesourbrainsabreakfromtheintense,focusedattentionthatmuchofdailyliferequires.A.Mostimportant:Waterisdynamic.B.Weneedtorechargeandwatercanhelp.C.Thesoundofwater,typicallysteadyandsoft,soothesus.D.Wecanspendtimeonthewateranywhere,anytimeinourmind.E.Thiscalmsthemind,whichisoftenabsorbedbyworryandanxiety.F.It'snotjustourbodiesthatneedtheelementoflife-it'sourmindstoo.G.Suchsenseofawecandecreasestressandhelpusputthingsintoperspective.三、完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IntotheRapidsWyattandhisteamwereontheArkansasRiver,paddling（劃槳）throughoneofColorado'sdeepestcanyons.Brody,theirguidehad21．themthatsomepartsofthestreamwouldberapid.Justsecondsearlier,theyhad22．a(chǎn)notherrafttrappedonarockbyintentionallyhittingit.Butthemomentum（沖力）hadcausedtheirownrafttoentersome23．rapidstooquickly.Beforetheycoulddoanything,theraft24．intothecanyonwall.Astheybouncedback,Wyattlosthis25．a(chǎn)ndwasthrownbackward,rightintothe26．.Thewatertossedhimaroundviolently,buthecaughtbreathswheneverhecould.Lookingoverhisshoulder,he27．toseeBrodythrowinghimthelifeline,buthe'dalreadymoved50yardsaheadoftheraft.Heknewhehadtogetoutofthissituationhimself."Dn't28．."Wyatttoldhimself,tryingtorememberthesafetytalkBrodyhadgiventothem.Herolledontohisback,pointinghisfeetdownstreamtocushion（緩沖）anypossible29．.Whentheriver30．foramoment,Wyattwasabletocatchhisbreath.Aroundthe31．,hesawastretchofriverbank.Thenhesawsomethingevenmore32．:theraftthey'dfreedearlierwaspulledupalongsidetheriverbank.Itscrew33．Wyattandstartedwavingcrazily."Swim!"theyshouted."Swimtous!"Hishopesignited,Wyatt34．ontohisstomachandswam.Hegaveiteverythinghehad.Finally,hefeltstronghandsgrabbingholdofhislifevestand35．himfromtheriver.21．A．inspired B．cautioned C．convinced D．ensured22．A．freed B．challenged C．grasped D．checked23．A．messy B．steady C．tricky D．clumsy24．A．broke B．crashed C．fell D．marched25．A．breath B．temper C．sight D．balance26．A．raft B．wall C．riverbank D．rapids27．A．expected B．failed C．tended D．pretended28．A．complain B．hesitate C．panic D．suspect29．A．fish B．rocks C．grass D．shells30．A．flowed B．roared C．rose D．quieted31．A．bottom B．clock C．bend D．woods32．A．promising B．disappointing C．rewarding D．demanding33．A．overlooked B．impressed C．betrayed D．spotted34．A．dived B．climbed C．rolled D．pressed35．A．dragging B．distracting C．sheltering D．dismissing.四、語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Atraditionalfestivalcloselyrelatedtospring,whichhadremainedsilentforcenturies,isbackinbloom,thanksto36．(grow)enthusiasmfortraditionalChinesecultureand37．increasingdemandforseasonalsightseeingtours.HuazhaoFestivalissaidtobecelebratedasthebirthdayoftheflowergoddess38．thesecondmonthontheChineselunarcalendar.Itsorigincan39．(trace)totheperiodbeforetheQinDynasty(221-206BC)andwas40．(official)setasafestivalduringtheSui(581-618)andTang(618-907)dynasties.DuringtheTangDynasty,thefestival,41．wasoneofthethreenationwidecelebrationsbackthen,fellonthe15thdayofthesecondlunarmonth.TheothertwowereLanternFestivalonthe15thdayofthefirstlunarmonthandMid-AutumnFestivalonthe15thdayofeighthlunarmonth.However,thetimingofthefestival42．(vary)betweenregions,becauseofthedifferencein43．floweringbegins.Asaresult,manypartsofthecountrytaketurns44．(launch)theircelebrationsasifpresentingafeastfortheeyesinrelay.Despitevarioushighlights,thisMarchthefestivecelebrationsacrossdifferentregionsspontaneouslysharedthefeaturesofhanfu—atraditionalChinesestyleofclothing-andflora（植物群）45．(appreciate).五、書面表達(dá)46．假定你是某國(guó)際學(xué)校學(xué)生會(huì)的負(fù)責(zé)人李華,最近學(xué)校發(fā)起了"陽光樂跑（SunshineFunRun）"打卡活動(dòng),你將在晨會(huì)上發(fā)言,號(hào)召全校同學(xué)參加。請(qǐng)就此寫一份發(fā)言稿,內(nèi)容包括：

●活動(dòng)目的：

●樂跑要求；

●發(fā)出倡議。

參考詞匯打卡：punchin注意：

●寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

●請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Dearfellowstudents,47．閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。ThelittlebirdpercheditselfonthetreebranchoutsideVanessa'sbedroomwindow.Ittrilled（啼囀）anenergeticsongasthefirstpaleyellowraysofsunshinepeekedoverthehorizon."Ohmygosh,whatisthatnoise?"shecomplainedtoherself,pullingherbedsheetsoverherheadinanattempttodrownoutthechirping.Itwasnouse,andsheknewit.Theloudtweetingsignaledthecomingoftheday.Toconfirmit,Vanessa'smomknockedtwiceonherdoor,andthencameinwithasmile."Timetogetup,Sleepyhead,"shewhispered."Theearlybirdcatchestheworm,youknow.""Ugh,"mumbledVanessaintoherpillow."Whatdoesthatevenmean?""It'sjustanexpression,Honey,"hermomreplied.ShegaveVanessaakissonthecheekandurgedhertogetoutofbed.Vanessarolledoverandsleptforafewmoreminutes.Vanessashuffledherwaydownstairsforbreakfast,ateslowly,andmissedherbus.Whenshefinallygottoschool,shehadmissedattendanceandhadtogetalatepass.Shemissedthefirstpartofmathclass,soshedidn'tunderstandthelessonandhadtogetextrahelp.Herteachergaveherextrahomeworktomakesuresheknewit.Thisdaywasnofun.Thenextmorning,Vanessawaswokenupbythesameloud,twitteringsong.Insteadofignoringit,todayVanessawalkedovertothewindowandopenedthecurtains.Softlightfilledtheroom."Well,hellothere,littlefellow,"shesaidwhenshesawtheprettybirdoutside,stillchirpinghappily.Itwasstartledbyhervoiceandflewdowntolandonthefreshdewofthemorninggrass.Asshewatched,thebirdcockeditshead,plungeditsbeakintothewetground,andpluckedoutawigglingwormforbreakfast.注意：●續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

●請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Paragraph1:"Hmm,"thoughtVanessa,"maybeIcantrybeinganearlybirdforonce."Paragraph2:

Vanessacouldn'thelphummingamerrytoneonherwayhome.

答案解析部分【答案】1．D2．B3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了一些英國(guó)海岸旅游目的地。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，包含細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項(xiàng)，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進(jìn)行理解。1．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)WhyweloveKent?部分中的"Relaxamongthecandy-colouredbeachhutsofBroadstairs,orbringthepastaliveinthesurroundsoftime-honoredDoverCastle,LeedsCastleorCanterburyCathedral."在Broadstairs的糖果色海灘小屋中放松，或者在歷史悠久的多佛城堡，利茲城堡或坎特伯雷大教堂周圍帶著過去的活力?？芍?，人們?cè)L問肯特郡的原因是古建筑。故選D。2．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)WhywelovetheJurassicCoast?部分中的"Over200millionyearsold,theJurassicCoast'sbeachesandrocksarestrewnwithancientfossilsandfootprints-yourstodiscoveronwalks,bikeridesandpicnics."侏羅紀(jì)海岸的海灘和巖石有超過2億年的歷史，到處都是古老的化石和腳印——你可以在散步、騎自行車和野餐時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)它們?？芍_紀(jì)海岸會(huì)吸引那些對(duì)研究古代生物遺骸感興趣的人。故選B。3．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)本文標(biāo)題"SomeTopCoastDestinationstoVisit"一些頂級(jí)海岸旅游目的地；以及第一段"Britainhasover18,000milesofcoastlinetoexplore:fromwhitesoftsandsandvibrantseasideresorts,towildnaturereservesfilledwithpuffins(海鸚),dolphinsandvariousthrills.Whereveryou'reheading,here'swheretosplash,surf,dive,swim-andperhapsevensunbathe-onBritain'sshores."英國(guó)有超過18000英里的海岸線可供探索:從白色柔軟的沙灘和充滿活力的海濱度假勝地，到滿是海雀、海豚和各種刺激的野生自然保護(hù)區(qū)。無論你要去哪里，這里都是在英國(guó)海岸上玩水花、沖浪、潛水、游泳——甚至?xí)袢展庠〉牡胤??？赏浦?，文章選自旅行冊(cè)。故選A。【答案】4．A5．D6．C7．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，報(bào)道了英國(guó)一家公司的最新設(shè)想，該公司是由倫敦帝國(guó)理工學(xué)院的五名工程專業(yè)畢業(yè)生創(chuàng)立的。該公司每個(gè)月給孩子們送一個(gè)精心設(shè)計(jì)的電子產(chǎn)品，鼓勵(lì)他們嘗試修理電子設(shè)備，并了解它們是如何工作的。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇新聞報(bào)道，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段"Whentheparcelarrives,theremote-controlledcarinsideisbroken.Thatcouldeasilyresultinanunhappychild—butnotthistime."當(dāng)包裹到達(dá)時(shí)，里面的遙控汽車壞了。這很容易導(dǎo)致一個(gè)不快樂的孩子——但這次不會(huì)；以及第二段中的"ThepackagehascomefromaBritishstart-upthathopestoequipthenation'syoungsterswithanendangeredskill:theabilitytofixgadgetswhentheyfail.Theaimistoencourage10to14-year-oldstotryfixingelectronicdevicesandlearnhowtheywork,bysendingthemfaultytoysthattheyhavetotakeapartandrepairthemselves."這個(gè)方案來自于一家英國(guó)初創(chuàng)公司，它希望讓英國(guó)的年輕人掌握一項(xiàng)瀕危的技能：在電子產(chǎn)品出故障時(shí)修理它們的能力。其目的是鼓勵(lì)10到14歲的孩子嘗試修理電子設(shè)備，并了解它們是如何工作的，方法是給他們送一些有缺陷的玩具，讓他們自己拆開修理?？芍?，第一段提到壞掉的遙控汽車，是為了引出最后一句"但這次不會(huì)"；而"但這次不會(huì)"則指的是第二段一家英國(guó)公司的方案?？赏茢?，第一段提到遙控汽車壞了，是為了引出文章的主題。故選A。5．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"ThepackagehascomefromaBritishstart-upthathopestoequipthenation'syoungsterswithanendangeredskill:theabilitytofixgadgetswhentheyfail.Theaimistoencourage10to14-year-oldstotryfixingelectronicdevicesandlearnhowtheywork,bysendingthemfaultytoysthattheyhavetotakeapartandrepairthemselves."這個(gè)方案來自于一家英國(guó)初創(chuàng)公司，它希望讓英國(guó)的年輕人掌握一項(xiàng)瀕危的技能：在電子產(chǎn)品出故障時(shí)修理它們的能力。其目的是鼓勵(lì)10到14歲的孩子嘗試修理電子設(shè)備，并了解它們是如何工作的，方法是給他們送一些有缺陷的玩具，讓他們自己拆開修理。可知，這個(gè)方案的目的是希望孩子能夠?qū)W會(huì)在電子產(chǎn)品出故障時(shí)修理它們的能力。故選D。6．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Theservice—currentlyinatestingphase—willcost￡28amonth,witheachkitdesignedtokeepachildoccupiedforseveralhours.Onceagadgethasbeenmended,youpostitbacksoitcanbebrokenagainforsomebodyelsetofix.Thereisalsoanapptoprovideinstructionsonhowtoperformtherepair,andalsominisciencelessons."這項(xiàng)服務(wù)目前還處于測(cè)試階段，每月費(fèi)用為28英鎊，每個(gè)工具包的設(shè)計(jì)目的是讓一個(gè)孩子有幾個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間。一旦一個(gè)小工具修好了，你就把它寄回去，這樣它就可以再次壞掉，讓別人來修理。還有一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序可以提供如何進(jìn)行維修的指導(dǎo)，以及小型科學(xué)課程?？芍?，如果孩子注冊(cè)參與這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，他們每個(gè)月會(huì)得到一個(gè)玩具，還有應(yīng)用程序提供維修指導(dǎo)和小型科學(xué)課程。故選C。7．考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第二段中的"ThepackagehascomefromaBritishstart-upthathopestoequipthenation'syoungsterswithanendangeredskill:theabilitytofixgadgetswhentheyfail.Theaimistoencourage10to14-year-oldstotryfixingelectronicdevicesandlearnhowtheywork,bysendingthemfaultytoysthattheyhavetotakeapartandrepairthemselves."這個(gè)方案來自于一家英國(guó)初創(chuàng)公司，它希望讓英國(guó)的年輕人掌握一項(xiàng)瀕危的技能：在電子產(chǎn)品出故障時(shí)修理它們的能力。其目的是鼓勵(lì)10到14歲的孩子嘗試修理電子設(shè)備，并了解它們是如何工作的，方法是給他們送一些有缺陷的玩具，讓他們自己拆開修理；以及第四段"ItisestimatedthattwomilliontonnesofelectricalandelectronicitemsarethrownawayintheUKeachyear.‘Meanwhile,theUKhasaStem[science,technology,engineeringandmaths]skillsshortagecosting￡1.5billionayear,'McGuckiansaid.‘Wewantedtohelpsolvethosetwoproblems.''"據(jù)估計(jì)，英國(guó)每年有200萬噸的電器和電子產(chǎn)品被丟棄。"與此同時(shí)，英國(guó)的Stem(科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué))技能短缺每年耗資15億英鎊，"McGuckian說。"我們希望幫助解決這兩個(gè)問題。"可知，本文介紹了一家公司，該公司每個(gè)月給孩子們送一個(gè)精心設(shè)計(jì)的電子產(chǎn)品，鼓勵(lì)他們嘗試修理電子設(shè)備，并了解它們是如何工作的。公司的創(chuàng)辦者希望能夠通過這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，解決電子產(chǎn)品被丟棄以及技能短缺這兩個(gè)問題。"壞玩具為技能短缺提供了一個(gè)很好的解決方案"適合做文章的標(biāo)題。故選D?！敬鸢浮?．B9．C10．A11．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)生活在城市的知更鳥比它們?cè)谵r(nóng)村的表親更具攻擊性，并介紹了研究開展的過程以及發(fā)現(xiàn)。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對(duì)，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Whenarobinarrivesuninvitedonanotherbird'sterritory,theyadapttheirsongstowardtherivalaway,andadoptvisualdisplaysincludingswayingfromsidetosideandthreateninglybaringtheirredchestfeathers,beforeclosinginandevengoingontheattack."當(dāng)一只知更鳥不請(qǐng)自來地來到另一只鳥的領(lǐng)地時(shí)，它們會(huì)調(diào)整自己的歌聲來趕走對(duì)手，并采取視覺表現(xiàn)，包括左右搖擺，威脅地露出紅色的胸毛，然后再靠近，甚至發(fā)動(dòng)攻擊?？芍B是好勝的鳥。故選B。9．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段"‘Innormallyquietsurroundings,wefoundthatadditionaltrafficnoiseleadstoruralrobinsbecomingmorephysicallyaggressive,forinstanceapproachingthemodelbirdmoreclosely,'saidDr?a?larAk?ay,thestudy'sleadauthor.Butwhentheyplayedtheextratraffictotheurbanbirds,theydidnotbecomeanymoreaggressive-insteadtheyrespondedbysingingless,suggestingtheyhadperhapslearnedto‘sitout'temporaryincreasesinnoise."該研究的主要作者?a?larAk?ay博士說："在通常安靜的環(huán)境中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)額外的交通噪音會(huì)導(dǎo)致農(nóng)村知更鳥變得更具攻擊性，例如更接近模型鳥。但是，當(dāng)它們給城市里的鳥兒播放額外的交通噪音時(shí)，它們并沒有變得更有攻擊性——相反，它們的反應(yīng)是更少地鳴叫，這表明它們可能已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了"不聽"暫時(shí)增加的噪音，可知，科學(xué)家們通過比較知更鳥的不同反應(yīng)進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究。故選C。10．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"Butwhentheyplayedtheextratraffictotheurbanbirds,theydidnotbecomeanymoreaggressive-insteadtheyrespondedbysingingless,suggestingtheyhadperhapslearnedto‘sitout'temporaryincreasesinnoise."但是，當(dāng)它們給城市里的鳥兒播放額外的交通噪音時(shí)，它們并沒有變得更有攻擊性——相反，它們的反應(yīng)是更少地鳴叫，這表明它們可能已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了"不聽"暫時(shí)增加的噪音?？芍?，當(dāng)暴露在額外的交通噪音中，城市知更鳥唱歌不像平時(shí)那么頻繁。故選A。11．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"‘Thehighlevelsofnoisethatexistdayandnightinurbanhabitats,suchasfromtrafficorconstructionequipment,maypermanentlyinterferewiththeefficienttransmissionofacoustic(聲音的)signalsandthisislikelytobethekeyreasonwhyurbanrobinsaretypicallymoreaggressivethanruralbirds,'hesaid."他說："城市棲息地日夜存在的高水平噪音，比如來自交通或建筑設(shè)備的噪音，可能會(huì)永久干擾聲音信號(hào)的有效傳輸，這可能是城市知更鳥通常比農(nóng)村鳥類更具攻擊性的關(guān)鍵原因。"可推知，Ak?ay對(duì)知更鳥的未來感到擔(dān)憂。故選D?！敬鸢浮?2．C13．A14．B15．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了19世紀(jì)偉大的法國(guó)后印象派畫家Cézanne（塞尚）及其作品的特色。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇人物類閱讀，首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關(guān)信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"Fornearlyaslong,thebanker'ssonfromAix-en-Provencehasbeencreditedwithlayingthegroundworkforthe20th-centuryavant-garde(前衛(wèi)派思想).Butthecurators(負(fù)責(zé)人)ofthelargestCézanneexhibitionsince1997decidedthatmorecouldbelearnedaboutthegreatFrenchpost-impressionistsimplybylookingmorecloselyathispaintings."幾乎同樣長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間里，這位來自普羅旺斯艾克斯的銀行家之子一直被認(rèn)為是20世紀(jì)前衛(wèi)藝術(shù)的奠基人。但是，自1997年以來規(guī)模最大的Cézanne展覽的策展人認(rèn)為，只要更仔細(xì)地觀察這位偉大的法國(guó)后印象派畫家的畫作，就可以了解更多關(guān)于他的東西?？芍?，Cézanne是19世紀(jì)偉大的法國(guó)后印象派畫家。故選C。13．考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的"Unlikeotherartists,Cézanneseems‘lessconcernedaboutwhatheisdepictingthanhowheisbuildingapicture,'saidKyleMacMillanintheChicagoSunTimes."《芝加哥太陽報(bào)》的KyleMacMillan說，與其他藝術(shù)家不同，Cézanne似乎"不太關(guān)心他在描繪什么，而更關(guān)心他是如何構(gòu)建一幅畫的"；以及"theobjectslookliketheyareabouttoslideoffthetable"物體看起來就像要從桌子上滑下來一樣?？芍?，之前透視的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)則被摒棄了，物體看起來就像要從桌子上滑下來一樣。劃線詞overthrown意思是"摒棄、拋棄"，故選A。14．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"ClaudeMonet,PabloPicasso,andHenriMatisseallownedCézannes,andJasperJohnshasloanedtheshowoneofCézanne'sdrawingsoffemalebathers,afavoritesubjectoftheearlierartistthatisshowcasedinthisexhibition'sfinalroom."ClaudeMonet、PabloPicasso和HenriMatisse都擁有Cézanne的作品，JasperJohns把Cézanne的一幅女性游泳者的畫作借給了這次展覽，這是這位早期藝術(shù)家最喜歡的主題，將在本次展覽的最后一個(gè)展廳展出。可推知，Cézanne的作品受到許多同行藝術(shù)家的喜愛。故選B。15．考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第二段"Ofthe80oilpaintingsinthisshow,whichwilllatertraveltoLondon'sTateModern,eighthavebeensubjectedtoinfraredX-rayandotherimagingtechnologiestodeterminehowhemadeeachmark.Thecurators'conclusion:WhatmadeCézanneapioneerandenduringinspirationisthatineverylandscape,stilllife,portrait,andfigurepainting,hewastryingtocommunicateemotionwitheverybrushstroke,buildingeachimagesensationbysensation."這次展覽展出的80幅油畫將在倫敦泰特現(xiàn)代美術(shù)館展出，其中有8幅油畫經(jīng)過紅外x射線和其他成像技術(shù)的檢測(cè)，以確定他是如何做出每一個(gè)標(biāo)記的。策展人的結(jié)論是：Cézanne之所以能成為先驅(qū)和持久的靈感，是因?yàn)樵诿恳环L(fēng)景畫、靜物畫、肖像畫和人物畫中，他都試圖用每一筆來傳達(dá)情感，用每一種感覺來構(gòu)建每一種圖像感覺。結(jié)合文章主要介紹了19世紀(jì)偉大的法國(guó)后印象派畫家Cézanne及其作品的特色，可知，本文介紹了Cézanne的作品。故選A。【答案】16．B；17．E；18．G；19．C；20．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了水的性能和功能。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查七選五，本文是一篇科普類閱讀，要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空前"Manyofusarefindingourselvesexhausted,burnedout,strugglingtobuildbalancebackintoourlives."我們中的許多人都發(fā)現(xiàn)自己筋疲力盡，精疲力竭，掙扎著在生活中重新建立平衡?？芍?，我們需要恢復(fù)精力。B.Weneedtorechargeandwatercanhelp."我們需要重新充電，水可以幫助我們。"承接上文，符合語境，故選B。17．根據(jù)空前"Partic