2025全國翻譯專業(yè)資格（水平）考試捷克語三級筆譯試卷

2025全國翻譯專業(yè)資格（水平）考試捷克語三級筆譯試卷考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、詞匯與語法要求：本部分測試考生對捷克語基本詞匯和語法的掌握程度，包括名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞、副詞、介詞等基本語法現(xiàn)象。1.請選擇正確的詞形填空。a)Kdo(1)nasch?zku?-(A)?el(B)?la(C)?ly(D)?lyb)Tento(2)film(3)je(4)velmizajímavy.-(A)(B)(C)(D)c)U?itel(5)nám(6)vysvětlil(7)d?le?itouvěc.-(A)(B)(C)(D)d)Má(8)bratr(9)je(10)student.-(A)(B)(C)(D)e)Dnes(11)je(12)krásny(13)den.-(A)(B)(C)(D)f)Kde(14)jsi(15)minulyvíkend?-(A)byl(B)byla(C)byli(D)bylyg)Ten(16)stary(17)d?m(18)je(19)na?írodině.-(A)(B)(C)(D)h)Kdy(20)se(21)narodil(22)tv?jotec?-(A)(B)(C)(D)i)Mluvíme(23)o(24)d?le?itych(25)věcech.-(A)(B)(C)(D)j)Tento(26)stát(27)má(28)krásné(29)hory.-(A)(B)(C)(D)k)U?itelka(30)nám(31)vysvětlila(32)pravidla.-(A)(B)(C)(D)l)Kde(33)?ije(34)tv?jbratr?-(A)je(B)je(C)jsou(D)jsoum)Tento(35)film(36)je(37)velmizajímavy.-(A)(B)(C)(D)n)Dnes(38)je(39)krásny(40)den.-(A)(B)(C)(D)o)Kdo(41)nasch?zku?-(A)?el(B)?la(C)?ly(D)?lyp)Tento(42)film(43)je(44)velmizajímavy.-(A)(B)(C)(D)2.請完成下列句子，使之符合捷克語語法規(guī)則。a)Kdo(1)?el(2)do(3)obchodu?-(A)já(B)vy(C)oni(D)onb)Dnes(1)je(2)krásny(3)den.-(A)já(B)vy(C)oni(D)onc)Kde(1)jsi(2)minulyvíkend?-(A)byl(B)byla(C)byli(D)bylyd)Má(1)bratr(2)je(3)student.-(A)já(B)vy(C)oni(D)one)Tento(1)stary(2)d?m(3)je(4)na?írodině.-(A)já(B)vy(C)oni(D)onf)Kdy(1)se(2)narodil(3)tv?jotec?-(A)já(B)vy(C)oni(D)ong)Mluvíme(1)o(2)d?le?itych(3)věcech.-(A)já(B)vy(C)oni(D)onh)Tento(1)stát(2)má(3)krásné(4)hory.-(A)já(B)vy(C)oni(D)oni)U?itelka(1)nám(2)vysvětlila(3)pravidla.-(A)já(B)vy(C)oni(D)onj)Kde(1)?ije(2)tv?jbratr?-(A)je(B)je(C)jsou(D)jsouk)Tento(1)film(2)je(3)velmizajímavy.-(A)já(B)vy(C)oni(D)onl)Dnes(1)je(2)krásny(3)den.-(A)já(B)vy(C)oni(D)onm)Kdo(1)nasch?zku?-(A)já(B)vy(C)oni(D)onn)Tento(1)film(2)je(3)velmizajímavy.-(A)já(B)vy(C)oni(D)on3.請將下列句子翻譯成捷克語。a)Ilovemyjob.b)Sheisadoctor.c)Theyarestudents.d)Thisbookisinteresting.e)Heistall.f)Sheishappy.g)Theyaregoingtoschool.h)Itisasunnyday.i)Iamstudyingattheuniversity.j)Youareagoodteacher.k)Wearegoingtothecinema.l)Theyarecominghome.m)Thisismyfriend.n)Sheismysister.四、翻譯技巧與策略要求：本部分測試考生對翻譯技巧和策略的運(yùn)用能力，包括直譯、意譯、增譯、省譯等技巧。1.請將下列句子翻譯成捷克語，并注明所使用的翻譯技巧。a)Thecatissleepingonthemat.b)Timeismoney.c)Herunsfasterthananyoneelse.d)Thepenismightierthanthesword.e)Astitchintimesavesnine.f)Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.g)Youcan'tteachanolddognewtricks.h)Beautyisintheeyeofthebeholder.i)Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.j)Miserylovescompany.2.請根據(jù)下列段落，用捷克語進(jìn)行意譯。Inthedigitalage,wearesurroundedbytechnology.Ithasbecomeanintegralpartofourlives,influencinghowwecommunicate,work,andlive.Whiletechnologybringsconvenienceandefficiency,italsoraisesconcernsaboutprivacyandsecurity.Itisessentialforustostrikeabalancebetweenembracingthebenefitsoftechnologyandmitigatingitspotentialrisks.3.請分析下列句子，指出其中需要增譯或省譯的部分，并用捷克語進(jìn)行翻譯。a)Themeetingwaspostponedduetothebadweather.b)Sheisaworld-renownedexpertinherfield.c)Thecompanyhasrecentlylaunchedanewproductline.d)Themoviewasaboxofficehit.e)Thegovernmentannouncedanewpolicytocombatclimatechange.f)Thebookhasbeentranslatedintoseverallanguages.g)Themuseumhousesavastcollectionofart.h)Thefestivalfeaturesperformancesfromvariouscultures.i)TheathletewonagoldmedalintheOlympics.j)Therestaurantservestraditionalcuisine.五、翻譯實(shí)踐要求：本部分測試考生將所學(xué)詞匯、語法和翻譯技巧應(yīng)用于實(shí)際翻譯的能力。1.請將下列新聞標(biāo)題翻譯成捷克語。a)ChinatoLaunchNewSpaceStationb)GlobalWarmingCausingExtremeWeatherEventsc)TechGiantAnnouncesMajorLayoffsd)InternationalAidOrganizationsRespondtoNaturalDisastere)FamousAuthorDiesatAge90f)SportsStarsGatherforCharityEventg)HealthOfficialsWarnAboutNewVirusOutbreakh)ScientistsDiscoverNewSpeciesintheAmazonRainforesti)WorldLeadersDiscussClimateChangeatSummitj)TechnologyAdvancesinArtificialIntelligence2.請將下列段落翻譯成捷克語。Theglobaleconomyisfacingunprecedentedchallenges.TheCOVID-19pandemichascausedwidespreaddisruptions,leadingtojoblossesandeconomicdownturns.Governmentsaroundtheworldareimplementingstimuluspackagestosupporttheireconomies.However,thelong-termimpactofthepandemicremainsuncertain.Itiscrucialforbusinessesandindividualstoadapttothenewnormalandfindwaystothriveinthischanginglandscape.3.請將下列對話翻譯成捷克語。A:Haveyouheardaboutthenewrestaurantdowntown?B:Yes,Iheardit'squitepopular.A:I'mplanningtogotherethisweekend.Doyouwanttojoinme?B:Sure,I'dloveto.What'sthemenulike?A:Theyhaveavarietyofdishes,includingvegetarianoptions.B:Thatsoundsgreat.I'mlookingforwardtotryingitout.六、文化差異與翻譯要求：本部分測試考生對文化差異的理解和翻譯能力。1.請分析下列文化差異，并用捷克語進(jìn)行翻譯。a)Thephrase"breakfastlikeaking,lunchlikeaprince,dinnerlikeapauper"reflectstheimportanceofbreakfastinsomecultures,whileinothers,dinneristhelargestmealoftheday.b)Insomecountries,itisconsideredimpolitetoasksomeone'sage,whileinothers,itisacommontopicofconversation.c)Theconceptof"gift-giving"variesacrosscultures.Insomecultures,giftsareexchangedtoshowappreciation,whileinothers,theyareseenasaformofbribery.d)Theideaof"personalspace"variesgreatly.Insomecultures,peoplestandclosetogetherwhentalking,whileinothers,thereisasignificantdistancebetweenconversationalists.e)Theconceptof"timemanagement"isdifferentinvariouscultures.Insomecultures,punctualityishighlyvalued,whileinothers,itisnotconsideredasimportant.2.請根據(jù)下列文化背景，用捷克語進(jìn)行翻譯。a)Insomecultures,itiscustomarytoremoveshoesbeforeenteringahome.Thisisdonetoshowrespectforthespaceandthepeoplelivingthere.b)Insomecountries,itiscommontogiveasmallgifttothehostwhenattendingadinnerparty.Thisisagestureofgratitudeandappreciation.c)Insomecultures,itisconsideredpolitetoarriveafewminuteslatetoasocialevent.Thisisseenasawaytoshowthattheguestvaluestheeventandisnotrushingtogetthere.d)Insomecountries,itiscustomarytoservecoffeeafterameal.Thisisasignofhospitalityandfriendship.e)Insomecultures,itisconsideredimpolitetodiscusscertaintopics,suchaspoliticsorreligion,duringsocialgatherings.3.請分析下列文化差異，并用捷克語進(jìn)行翻譯。a)Theconceptof"publictransportation"variesacrosscultures.Insomecities,publictransportationisefficientandreliable,whileinothers,itisslowandovercrowded.b)Theideaof"personalfreedom"isdifferentinvariouscultures.Insomecountries,peoplehavemorefreedomtoexpresstheiropinionsandmakechoices,whileinothers,therearemorerestrictions.c)Theconceptof"work-lifebalance"isimportantinsomecultures,whileinothers,longworkinghoursarethenorm.d)Theideaof"honor"variesgreatly.Insomecultures,honorisahighlyvaluedtrait,whileinothers,itisnotasimportant.e)Theconceptof"face"isdifferentinvariouscultures.Insomecultures,itisimportanttosavefaceandavoidcausingembarrassmenttoothers,whileinothers,itismoreimportanttobehonestandstraightforward.本次試卷答案如下：一、詞匯與語法1.a)B解析：根據(jù)主語“kdo”是單數(shù)第三人稱，應(yīng)選擇單數(shù)形式的動(dòng)詞“?la”。b)B解析：根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選擇復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞“filmy”。c)C解析：根據(jù)主語“u?itel”是單數(shù)第三人稱，應(yīng)選擇單數(shù)形式的動(dòng)詞“vysvětlil”。d)D解析：根據(jù)主語“má”是單數(shù)第三人稱，應(yīng)選擇單數(shù)形式的名詞“bratr”。e)A解析：根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選擇單數(shù)形式的形容詞“krásny”。f)B解析：根據(jù)主語“kde”是單數(shù)第三人稱，應(yīng)選擇單數(shù)形式的動(dòng)詞“byl”。g)D解析：根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選擇復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞“d?m”。h)C解析：根據(jù)主語“kdy”是單數(shù)第三人稱，應(yīng)選擇單數(shù)形式的動(dòng)詞“senarodil”。i)B解析：根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選擇復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞“věci”。j)B解析：根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選擇復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞“státy”。k)D解析：根據(jù)主語“u?itelka”是單數(shù)第三人稱，應(yīng)選擇單數(shù)形式的動(dòng)詞“vysvětlila”。l)C解析：根據(jù)主語“kde”是單數(shù)第三人稱，應(yīng)選擇單數(shù)形式的動(dòng)詞“?ije”。m)B解析：根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選擇復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞“filmy”。n)A解析：根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選擇單數(shù)形式的形容詞“krásny”。o)B解析：根據(jù)主語“kdo”是單數(shù)第三人稱，應(yīng)選擇單數(shù)形式的動(dòng)詞“?la”。p)B解析：根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選擇復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞“filmy”。2.a)Kdo?eldoobchodu?-já解析：根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)使用第一人稱單數(shù)形式“já”，表示“我去了商店”。b)Dnesjekrásnyden.-já解析：根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)使用第一人稱單數(shù)形式“já”，表示“今天是個(gè)美好的日子”。c)Kdejsiminulyvíkend?-byl解析：根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)使用過去時(shí)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞“byl”，表示“你上周末在哪里？”d)Mábratrjestudent.-já解析：根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)使用第一人稱單數(shù)形式“já”，表示“我的兄弟是學(xué)生”。e)Tentostaryd?mjena?írodině.-já解析：根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)使用第一人稱單數(shù)形式“já”，表示“這座老房子屬于我們的家庭”。f)Kdysenarodiltv?jotec?-já解析：根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)使用第一人稱單數(shù)形式“já”，表示“你父親什么時(shí)候出生？”g)Mluvímeod?le?itychvěcech.-já解析：根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)使用第一人稱單數(shù)形式“já”，表示“我們在談?wù)撝匾氖虑椤薄)Tentostátmákrásnéhory.-já解析：根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)使用第一人稱單數(shù)形式“já”，表示“這個(gè)國家有美麗的山”。i)U?itelkanámvysvětlilapravidla.-já解析：根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)使用第一人稱單數(shù)形式“já”，表示“老師向我們解釋了規(guī)則”。j)Kde?ijetv?jbratr?-je解析：根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)使用單數(shù)形式的動(dòng)詞“je”，表示“你兄弟住在哪里？”k)Tentofilmjevelmizajímavy.-já解析：根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)使用第一人稱單數(shù)形式“já”，表示“這部電影非常有趣”。l)Dnesjekrásnyden.-já解析：根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)使用第一人稱單數(shù)形式“já”，表示“今天是個(gè)美好的日子”。m)Kdonasch?zku?-já解析：根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)使用第一人稱單數(shù)形式“já”，表示“誰參加了會(huì)議？”n)Tentofilmjevelmizajímavy.-já解析：根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)使用第一人稱單數(shù)形式“já”，表示“這部電影非常有趣”。3.a)Ilovemyjob.-Milujusvoupráci.解析：直譯“我”為“miluju”，“我的工作”為“svoupráci”。b)Sheisadoctor.-Jedoktorka.解析：直譯“她”為“je”，“醫(yī)生