青海、寧夏、陜西、山西四省新高考2025屆高三4月檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1青海、寧夏、陜西、山西四省新高考2025屆高三4月檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AResearchersUOften,duringhighschool,studentsfaceseveralproblems:Theyareinterestedinafieldofstudy,butdon’tknowwhattodotoachievemore!Thatiswhyweareheretohelp!Independentresearchisknowntobeoneofthemostimportantaspectsofacademicpassionofastudent.Butthethingis:Itisalmostimpossibletowritesuchlongandcomplicatedacademicpaperswithoutprofessionalhelp!Here,ourteamofResearchersUmatchespassionatehighschoolstudents,whowanttowritetheirindependentresearch,withprofessors—volunteersfromaroundtheworld,whoarewillingtohelpthemtoaccomplishtheirpassions.Webelievethat,withprofessionalandaccessiblehelp,everystudentwillbeabletounlocktheirpotential,whichiswhywerecruitvolunteerssothattheycanhelpstudentsfromaroundtheworldtodeveloptheiracademicachievements!AtResearchersU,everyvolunteer:—IsgoingtobematchedwithastudentwithTHESAMEinterests;—IsgoingtomeetstudentONLINE(viapreferredplatform);—Hasanabilitytochangestudent/leavetheprogram.WHENWe’llworkwithyourschedule.WHEREThisisaVirtualOpportunitywithnofixedaddress.SKILLSTutoring,Research,GrantWriting,CriticalThinking,ProblemSolving.REQUIREMENTSMustbeatleast18.Weexpectmeetingswithstudentsatleastonceaweek,approximately1hour.Negotiationsbetweenstudentsandtutorsareacceptable.Wedonotacceptvolunteerswithoutanyexperience.Westrictlyprohibitinappropriatebehaviourbetweentutorsandstudents.Toensurethesafety,werequireallmeetingstoberecordedviatheprogramofchoice.1.WhatistheaimofResearchersU?A.Topromoteindependentresearch.B.Toassiststudentswithresearchwriting.C.Toinspireacademicpassioninstudents.D.Toattractprofessorsfromvariousfields.2.Wheredothemeetingstakeplace?A.Intheclassroom. B.Intheopenair.C.OntheInternet. D.Onafixedplatform.3.Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?A.Workatleast3hoursamonth. B.Prohibitnegotiatingwithstudents.C.Recordthemeetingswithstudents. D.Acquireaneducationalqualification.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了ResearchersU組織如何幫助高中生進(jìn)行學(xué)術(shù)研究寫(xiě)作?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Independentresearchisknowntobeoneofthemostimportantaspectsofacademicpassionofastudent.Butthethingis:Itisalmostimpossibletowritesuchlongandcomplicatedacademicpaperswithoutprofessionalhelp!Here,ourteamofResearchersUmatchespassionatehighschoolstudents,whowanttowritetheirindependentresearch,withprofessors—volunteersfromaroundtheworld,whoarewillingtohelpthemtoaccomplishtheirpassions.(眾所周知，獨(dú)立研究是學(xué)生學(xué)術(shù)熱情最重要的方面之一。但問(wèn)題是：沒(méi)有專業(yè)幫助，寫(xiě)這么長(zhǎng)、這么復(fù)雜的學(xué)術(shù)論文幾乎是不可能的！在這里，我們的ResearchersU團(tuán)隊(duì)將充滿激情的高中生與教授（來(lái)自世界各地的志愿者）相匹配，他們想寫(xiě)自己的獨(dú)立研究，他們?cè)敢鈳椭麄儗?shí)現(xiàn)自己的激情)”可知，ResearchersU的目的是幫助學(xué)生進(jìn)行研究寫(xiě)作。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“—IsgoingtomeetstudentONLINE(viapreferredplatform);(——將通過(guò)在線（首選平臺(tái)）與學(xué)生見(jiàn)面)”可知，會(huì)議將在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上進(jìn)行。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Toensurethesafety,werequireallmeetingstoberecordedviatheprogramofchoice.(為確保安全，我們要求所有會(huì)議都通過(guò)所選程序進(jìn)行記錄)”可知，志愿者被要求記錄與學(xué)生的會(huì)面。故選C項(xiàng)。BSeventhgradersatThurgoodMarshallMiddleSchoolinRockford,Illinois,arelearningaboutSTEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics)alongwithreal-worldchallenges.Theyhavestartedanewproject:assembling“solarsuitcases”toprovideelectricityforschoolsinUganda’sBidiBidiRefugee(避難者)Settlement,hometo270,000SouthSudaneserefugees.Thenonprofitorganization,WeShareSolar,leadsthisinitiative,providingscienceandtechnologyprojectsforstudentsthatbenefitlow-incomeareasworldwide.Theprojectsteachmiddleschoolersbasicelectricalconceptslikecharges,voltage,amps,andwiring,resultingina12-voltDCsolarpowersystemfortherefugeecommunity.“We’velearnedmanythingslikepositivesandnegatives,amps,volts,allthatstuff,andhowtowirestufftogether,”saidPrathamMehta,oneoftheThurgoodMarshallstudents.“We’retakingallthisstuffforgranted,andothercountriesdon’thaveallthisstuff,likeelectricity.”Thesuitcaseswillbringelectricityto40schoolsintherefugeesettlement,whichprovideeducationforover12,000students.Theyaredesignedtobeeasilytransported(thusthesuitcasedesign),whichmakesthemidealforlocationswithoutelectricity,likearefugeecamp.Thepanelsinthesuitcasecollectsunlightandharnesstheenergyinabuilt-inbattery.Itcanthenprovidepowerforuptofivelightbulbsfor50to60hoursaweek.Dependingonthecapacityofthesystem,itcanalsohelppowersmallelectronicslikephonesorradios.ForpeopleintheBidiBidiRefugeeSettlement,thiskindofpowercanmakeanenormousimpact.Infact,WeShareSolarhasdistributedover1,000suitcasesto“energy-scarcelocations”acrosstheworld,withmorethan500,000studentsandteachersbenefittingfromthepowertheyprovide.“TheWeShareSolareducationprogramservesyouthtwice,”saidHalAronson,cofounderoftheorganization,“firstasaneducationalexperienceforAmericanyouthandsecondasarenewablepowerandlightingsystemforyouthinpartsoftheworldthatlackelectricity.”4.HowareThurgoodMarshallMiddleSchool’sstudentslearningaboutSTEM?A.Bylisteningtolectures. B.Byreadingaboutitinbooks.C.Bydiscussingwithclassmates. D.Byworkingonahandsonproject.5.Whyisthesolarpowersystemdesignedintheshapeofasuitcase?A.Tomakeitmorestylish. B.Tomakeiteasiertocarry.C.Tomakeitmoreexpensive. D.Tomakeitmorelong-lasting.6.WhatisanultimategoalofWeShareSolar’seducationprogram?A.Toprofitfromsellingsolarsuitcases.B.Tobenefitschoolsinenergy-poorareas.C.Tocreateacompetitionamongmiddleschoolers.D.Topromotetheuseofrenewableenergyintheworld.7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeWeShareSolar?A.Localandrestricted. B.Profitableandcommercial.C.Educationalandimpactful. D.Traditionalandconservative.【答案】4.D5.B6.B7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了伊利諾伊州羅克福德市瑟古德·馬歇爾中學(xué)的七年級(jí)學(xué)生通過(guò)組裝“太陽(yáng)能手提箱”學(xué)習(xí)STEM知識(shí)，該項(xiàng)目由非營(yíng)利組織WeShareSolar發(fā)起，旨在為烏干達(dá)難民營(yíng)學(xué)校供電?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“SeventhgradersatThurgoodMarshallMiddleSchoolinRockford,Illinois,arelearningaboutSTEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics)alongwithrealworldchallenges.Theyhavestartedanewproject:assembling“solarsuitcases”toprovideelectricityforschoolsinUganda’sBidiBidiRefugee(避難者)Settlement(伊利諾伊州羅克福德市瑟古德·馬歇爾中學(xué)的七年級(jí)學(xué)生正在結(jié)合現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的挑戰(zhàn)學(xué)習(xí)STEM(科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué))知識(shí)。他們啟動(dòng)了一個(gè)新項(xiàng)目：組裝“太陽(yáng)能手提箱”，為烏干達(dá)比迪比迪難民營(yíng)的學(xué)校供電)”可知，學(xué)生們是通過(guò)參與一個(gè)實(shí)際動(dòng)手項(xiàng)目來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)STEM知識(shí)的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Theyaredesignedtobeeasilytransported(thusthesuitcasedesign),whichmakesthemidealforlocationswithoutelectricity,likearefugeecamp.(它們被設(shè)計(jì)成便于運(yùn)輸?shù)臉幼?因此采用了手提箱的設(shè)計(jì))，這使它們非常適合像難民營(yíng)這樣沒(méi)有電力的地方)”可知，太陽(yáng)能系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)成手提箱形狀是為了便于攜帶。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Infact,WeShareSolarhasdistributedover1,000suitcasesto“energy-scarcelocations”acrosstheworld,withmorethan500,000studentsandteachersbenefittingfromthepowertheyprovide.(事實(shí)上，WeShareSolar已經(jīng)向世界各地的“能源短缺地區(qū)”分發(fā)了1000多個(gè)手提箱，超過(guò)50萬(wàn)名學(xué)生和教師從他們提供的電力中受益)”可知，WeShareSolar教育項(xiàng)目援助的對(duì)象是能源短缺地區(qū)的學(xué)校，所以其最終目標(biāo)是讓能源匱乏地區(qū)的學(xué)校受益。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“‘TheWeShareSolareducationprogramservesyouthtwice,’saidHalAronson,cofounderoftheorganization,‘firstasaneducationalexperienceforAmericanyouthandsecondasarenewablepowerandlightingsystemforyouthinpartsoftheworldthatlackelectricity.’(該組織的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人哈爾·阿隆森說(shuō)：“WeShareSolar教育項(xiàng)目讓年輕人受益兩次。首先，它為美國(guó)年輕人提供了一次教育體驗(yàn)；其次，它為世界上一些缺電地區(qū)的年輕人提供了可再生能源和照明系統(tǒng)?！?”可推知，WeShareSolar既對(duì)美國(guó)年輕人具有教育意義(educational)，又能給世界上一些缺電地區(qū)的年輕人帶來(lái)很大的影響(impactful)。故選C項(xiàng)。CThefinalweekofFebruary2025offeredauniqueopportunityforstarwatcherstoseeallsevenotherplanetsofoursolarsystemalign(對(duì)齊)inthenightsky.ThroughoutFebruary,Venus,Mars,Jupiter,Saturn,Uranus,andNeptunewerevisible,andthenMercuryjoinedthemtocompletethelineup.Theexacttimingofthiseventdependedonyourlocation,butitpromisedtobearemarkablesight.Theseplanetaryalignments,oftencalled“planetaryparades”,havecapturedsignificantmediaattentionrecently.Whiletheywereindeedawe-inspiring,itwasimportanttoclarifysomecommonmisconceptionsbeforeyouheadedoutsidetoobserve.Forinstance,seeingUranusandNeptunerequiredbinocularsorasmalltelescope,astheywerenotvisibletohumaneyes.Additionally,someplanetsappearedlowonthewesternhorizonarounddusk,whileotherswerebrightandhighintheskyaftersunset.Aplanetaryalignmentoccurredwhenplanetslineduponthesamesideofthesun.Thishappenedbecausetheplanetsorbitedthesuninasimilarplane,knownastheecliptic(黃道).Asaresult,fromourperspectiveonEarth,theplanetsappearedtoformalineacrossthesky,eveniftheywerenotperfectlyalignedinspace.Seeingmultipleplanetsatonceisnotexceedinglyrare,butspottingallsevenisspecial.Sucheventsbecomerarerwitheachadditionalplanetinthelineup.AstrophysicistDavidArmstrongsaidthisgreatplanetaryalignmentwouldn’thappenagainuntil2040.Thealignmentalsocoincidedwithanewmoon,whichwasidealforwatchingstarsduetotheminimallightitreflected.Onthenightof28thFebruary,thebesttimetoobservewasrightaftersunset.Mercury,Neptune,andSaturnwerelowinthewesternsky,withVenusshiningbrightlyabovethem.Whilenotallplanetsmighthavebeenvisible,theinterestinthis“planetaryparade”wasacatalystforengagement.Engaginginastronomyandappreciatingthewondersofthesolarsystemwasafantasticexperience.Ifyouhadhadthechanceandinterest,youcouldhavetakenthetimetostepoutsideandwitnessthisevent.8.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthefirstparagraph?A.Topresentaphenomenon. B.Tocompareastronomicalevents.C.Toshowtheexactobservationlocation. D.Tolisttheplanetsinorderoftheirbrightness.9.Whatdoweknowaboutalltheplanetsduringthealignment?A.Theylookedequallybrightaftersunset.B.Theyweretinyandinvisibletohumaneyes.C.Theirheightwasonthesamehorizonatdusk.D.Theirvisibilityvariedwithtimeandpositions.10.Whyisthenewmoonmentioned?A.Toexplainhowtheeclipticwasformed.B.Tointroducetheconditionsofthealignment.C.Tostatewhythealignmentwaseasiertosee.D.Torecommendtheidealplaceforwatchingplanets.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“catalyst”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Abigloss. B.Adrivingforce.C.Abadidea. D.Adesperateexperience.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了2025年2月太陽(yáng)系行星排成一行這一罕見(jiàn)天文現(xiàn)象及其觀測(cè)情況?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ThefinalweekofFebruary2025offeredauniqueopportunityforstarwatcherstoseeallsevenotherplanetsofoursolarsystemalign(對(duì)齊)inthenightsky.ThroughoutFebruary,Venus,Mars,Jupiter,Saturn,Uranus,andNeptunewerevisible,andthenMercuryjoinedthemtocompletethelineup.(2025年2月的最后一周為觀星者提供了一個(gè)獨(dú)特的機(jī)會(huì)，可以看到太陽(yáng)系中其他七顆行星在夜空中排成一行。整個(gè)二月，金星、火星、木星、土星、天王星和海王星都是可見(jiàn)的，然后水星加入了它們的行列)”可知，作者寫(xiě)第一段的目的是展示一個(gè)天文現(xiàn)象。故選A。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Additionally,someplanetsappearedlowonthewesternhorizonarounddusk,whileotherswerebrightandhighintheskyaftersunset.(此外，一些行星在黃昏時(shí)分出現(xiàn)在西方地平線上較低的位置，而另一些行星在日落后則明亮且高懸于天空)”可知，在行星排成一行期間，它們的可見(jiàn)度隨時(shí)間和位置而變化。故選D?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Thealignmentalsocoincidedwithanewmoon,whichwasidealforwatchingstarsduetotheminimallightitreflected.(這次行星排成一行恰逢新月，由于新月反射的光線最少，因此是觀星的理想時(shí)機(jī))”可知，提到新月是為了說(shuō)明為什么這次行星排成一行更容易被看到。故選C?！?1題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whilenotallplanetsmighthavebeenvisible,theinterestinthis“planetaryparade”wasacatalystforengagement.Engaginginastronomyandappreciatingthewondersofthesolarsystemwasafantasticexperience.Ifyouhadhadthechanceandinterest,youcouldhavetakenthetimetostepoutsideandwitnessthisevent.(雖然并非所有行星都可見(jiàn)，但對(duì)這次“行星游行”的興趣是激發(fā)人們參與的catalyst。從事天文學(xué)和欣賞太陽(yáng)系的奇觀是一次奇妙的經(jīng)歷。如果你有機(jī)會(huì)和興趣，你本可以花時(shí)間走出去見(jiàn)證這一事件)”可知，此處建議你可以花時(shí)間見(jiàn)證這一事件，推測(cè)此處指這次“行星游行”激發(fā)了人們參與天文觀測(cè)的興趣，劃線單詞意為“驅(qū)動(dòng)力”，與Adrivingforce意義相近。故選B。DDirectlymeasuringsoilcarbonratherthanrelyingonpredictivemodelscanprovidehardevidenceofhowmuchcarbonisbeingstored,allowingforbetterassessmentsofconfidenceincarbonmarketsforcroplands,accordingtoastudyco-authoredbyYaleSchooloftheEnvironmentscientists.Theresearchteamfoundthatsampling10%offieldsoverlargeareasandlongerperiodsprovidesreliabledata.Bydirectlymeasuringsoilcarbon,thecreditssoldaccuratelyreflectcarbonstorage.Thisensuresbuyers’confidenceinrealclimatebenefitsandreducescostsasprojectsincrease.“Thestudysuggeststhatwecandodirectmeasurementatscale(規(guī)模),takingitsapplicationbeyondcarbonmarketstoothergreenhousegasaccountingeffortslikethoseconductedbycountriestoreporttheirnationalemissions,”saidco-authorMarkBradford,theE.H.HarrimanProfessorofSoilsandEcosystemEcology.Tohelpfarmerscalculatethecost-benefitofsoilmanagementprojects,EricPotash,aresearchscientistfromtheAgroecosystemSustainabilityCenter(ASC)attheUniversityofIllinois,developedanopen-sourcewebappthatallowsuserstoexplorethecostsandprofitabilityofsoilcarbonprojectsbasedonspecificparameters:projectsize,duration,analysiscosts,andsamplingstrategy.“Thisstudysuggeststhatpeoplemaybeabletoreliablyquantifyhowmuchsoilcarbonischangingduetoadoptionofclimate-smartagriculturalandregenerativepractices,”saidBradford.“Ifyoucanaddressthemeasurementandverificationconcernsaroundhowsoilcarbonstocksareactuallyresponding,itwillhelpprioritizepoliciesandinvestmentsthatachievesoilrestorationandprotection,leadingtoimprovedwaterandnutrientretentioninsoils,aeration,andsoilbiodiversity.Suchhealthysoilswillbemoreresilienttoextremeweatherandbuildfoodsecurity.”12.Comparedtopredictivemodels,what’stheadvantageofdirectlymeasuringsoilcarbon?A.Itoffersmoreaccuratecarbondata. B.Itismorecost-effectiveforsmallfarms.C.Itneedslesstimetoproducetheoutcome. D.Itfocusesonlyongreenhousegasemissions.13.WhatdoesMarkBradfordthinkofdirectsoilcarbonmeasurement?A.Ithasabroadapplication. B.Itisonlyforresearchpurposes.C.Ithasalimitationoncarbonmarkets. D.Itistoocostlyforwidespreadadoption.14.Whywasanopen-sourcewebappdeveloped?A.Tomonitorglobalcarbonemissions.B.Toprovidefarmerswithsoilhealthdata.C.Tofacilitatethetradingofcarboncredits.D.Tohelpassesstheeconomicsofthesoilcarbonproject.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.InsightsintoCarbonMarketRegulations B.TheRoleofPredictiveModelsinAgricultureC.ExploringSoilCarboninModernAgriculture D.DirectSoilCarbonMeasurement:aNewFrontier【答案】12.A13.A14.D15.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了直接測(cè)量土壤碳的優(yōu)勢(shì)、應(yīng)用，還提到開(kāi)發(fā)的開(kāi)源網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用程序及直接測(cè)量對(duì)土壤恢復(fù)和保護(hù)的意義。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Directlymeasuringsoilcarbonratherthanrelyingonpredictivemodelscanprovidehardevidenceofhowmuchcarbonisbeingstored,allowingforbetterassessmentsofconfidenceincarbonmarketsforcroplands,accordingtoastudycoauthoredbyYaleSchooloftheEnvironmentscientists.(根據(jù)耶魯大學(xué)環(huán)境學(xué)院科學(xué)家共同撰寫(xiě)的一項(xiàng)研究，直接測(cè)量土壤碳而不是依賴預(yù)測(cè)模型，可以提供關(guān)于儲(chǔ)存了多少碳的可靠證據(jù)，從而更好地評(píng)估農(nóng)田碳市場(chǎng)的可信度)”可知，與預(yù)測(cè)模型相比，直接測(cè)量土壤碳能提供更準(zhǔn)確的碳數(shù)據(jù)。故選A項(xiàng)。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thestudysuggeststhatwecandodirectmeasurementatscale(規(guī)模),takingitsapplicationbeyondcarbonmarketstoothergreenhousegasaccountingeffortslikethoseconductedbycountriestoreporttheirnationalemissions(這項(xiàng)研究表明，我們可以進(jìn)行大規(guī)模的直接測(cè)量，將其應(yīng)用范圍從碳市場(chǎng)擴(kuò)展到其他溫室氣體核算工作，比如各國(guó)為報(bào)告其國(guó)家排放量而開(kāi)展的工作)”可知，MarkBradford認(rèn)為直接測(cè)量土壤碳有廣泛的應(yīng)用。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Tohelpfarmerscalculatethecostbenefitofsoilmanagementprojects,EricPotash,aresearchscientistfromtheAgroecosystemSustainabilityCenter(ASC)attheUniversityofIllinois,developedanopensourcewebappthatallowsuserstoexplorethecostsandprofitabilityofsoilcarbonprojectsbasedonspecificparameters:projectsize,duration,analysiscosts,andsamplingstrategy.(為了幫助農(nóng)民計(jì)算土壤管理項(xiàng)目的成本效益，伊利諾伊大學(xué)農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)可持續(xù)發(fā)展中心(ASC)的研究科學(xué)家EricPotash開(kāi)發(fā)了一個(gè)開(kāi)源網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用程序，允許用戶根據(jù)特定參數(shù)(項(xiàng)目規(guī)模、持續(xù)時(shí)間、分析成本和采樣策略)探索土壤碳項(xiàng)目的成本和盈利能力)”可知，開(kāi)發(fā)開(kāi)源網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用程序是為了幫助評(píng)估土壤碳項(xiàng)目的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Directlymeasuringsoilcarbonratherthanrelyingonpredictivemodelscanprovidehardevidenceofhowmuchcarbonisbeingstored,allowingforbetterassessmentsofconfidenceincarbonmarketsforcroplands(直接測(cè)量土壤碳而不是依賴預(yù)測(cè)模型，可以提供關(guān)于儲(chǔ)存了多少碳的可靠證據(jù)，從而更好地評(píng)估農(nóng)田碳市場(chǎng)的可信度)”以及后文對(duì)直接測(cè)量土壤碳的優(yōu)勢(shì)、應(yīng)用等方面的闡述可知，文章主要圍繞直接測(cè)量土壤碳展開(kāi)。D項(xiàng)“DirectSoilCarbonMeasurement:aNewFrontier(直接土壤碳測(cè)量：一個(gè)新領(lǐng)域)”能概括文章主旨，最適合做文章標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Lifecangetoverwhelmingwhenyou’reconstantlypulledindifferentdirections.It’seasytofeelstretchedtoothinbetweenwork,family,friends,andpersonalresponsibilities.____16____Theyhelpprotectyourtime,energy,andmentalwell-being.Hereexpertsinwell-beingandorganizationalbehaviorsharedstrategiesforsettinglimits.Writeascript.Ifyou’renotusedtosayingno,youcanwritedownwhatyou’regoingtosaybeforehandandpracticeit.____17____Youcansimplysayyou’renotavailableatthattime,followedby“Thanksforasking,andIhopetohavemorecapacitynexttime”.____18____Whenfacedwithanewworkrequest,takefiveminutestoassessyourworkload,energylevelandprioritiesbeforeresponding.Payattentiontotheactivitiesandinteractionsthatleaveyoufeelingdrainedoroverwhelmed.Putthosekindsofeventsona“NoList”.Thelistdoesn’tmeanyoudeclineeverytimeyou’reasked,butdon’tsayyesrightaway.Harnesstechnology.Mobiledevicesmakeiteasiertoworkfromanywhere,andhardertodrawboundaries.____19____Forexample,ifyoucheckemailsfartoofrequently,movetheemailappfromyourphone’shomepagetothesecondpage.Settingboundariesisn’taboutshuttingpeopleout.____20____Creatinghealthylimitsprotectsyourenergy,prioritizesyourhappiness,andbuildsstrongerrelationships.Themoreyoupractice,theeasieritbecomes.Yourtimeandwell-beingareworthprotecting,sostartsettingboundariesthathelpyouliveonyourterms.A.Knowyourlimits.B.Focusonpersonalneeds.C.That’swhereboundariescomein.D.Itmeansmakingspaceforthelifeyouwant.E.Itallowsyoutostepbackandrechargeyourself.F.Youdon’thavetoexplainyourselfwhendecliningarequest.G.Buttherearewaystoadjustthemsotheyarelessdistracting.【答案】16.C17.F18.A19.G20.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了設(shè)定個(gè)人界限的策略及其對(duì)健康生活的重要性?！?6題詳析】上文“Lifecangetoverwhelmingwhenyou’reconstantlypulledindifferentdirections.It’seasytofeelstretchedtoothinbetweenwork,family,friends,andpersonalresponsibilities.(當(dāng)你不斷地被拉向不同的方向時(shí)，生活可能會(huì)變得勢(shì)不可擋。在工作、家庭、朋友和個(gè)人責(zé)任之間，人們很容易感到壓力過(guò)大)”說(shuō)明當(dāng)人們被多項(xiàng)責(zé)任拉扯時(shí)，會(huì)容易感到壓力過(guò)大，以及下文“Theyhelpprotectyourtime,energy,andmentalwell-being.(它們有助于保護(hù)你的時(shí)間、精力和心理健康)”說(shuō)明空處提到的策略可以發(fā)揮作用，幫助保護(hù)時(shí)間、精力和心理健康，C選項(xiàng)“這就是界限發(fā)揮作用的地方?！背薪由衔模鱿挛慕缦薜淖饔?，符合題意。故選C。【17題詳析】上文“Ifyou’renotusedtosayingno,youcanwritedownwhatyou’regoingtosaybeforehandandpracticeit.(如果你不習(xí)慣說(shuō)不，你可以事先寫(xiě)下你要說(shuō)的話并練習(xí))”以及下文“Youcansimplysayyou’renotavailableatthattime,followedby“Thanksforasking,andIhopetohavemorecapacitynexttime”.(你可以簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)你那個(gè)時(shí)候沒(méi)空，然后說(shuō)“謝謝你的邀請(qǐng)，我希望下次能有更多的精力”)”說(shuō)明你可以學(xué)習(xí)拒絕別人，并且簡(jiǎn)單表達(dá)感謝并且拒絕就可以，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“拒絕請(qǐng)求時(shí)，你不必解釋自己?！狈媳径沃髦迹c上下文內(nèi)容相符，說(shuō)明在拒絕請(qǐng)求時(shí)不需要過(guò)多解釋，符合題意。故選F?！?8題詳析】下文“Whenfacedwithanewworkrequest,takefiveminutestoassessyourworkload,energylevelandprioritiesbeforeresponding.(當(dāng)面對(duì)新的工作請(qǐng)求時(shí)，在回應(yīng)之前，花五分鐘評(píng)估你的工作量、精力水平和優(yōu)先事項(xiàng))”說(shuō)明要了解自己的極限，以便更好地應(yīng)對(duì)各種請(qǐng)求，A選項(xiàng)“了解你的極限?！币鱿挛牡木唧w內(nèi)容，符合題意。故選A?！?9題詳析】上文“Mobiledevicesmakeiteasiertoworkfromanywhere,andhardertodrawboundaries.(移動(dòng)設(shè)備讓隨時(shí)隨地工作變得更容易，但也更難劃定界限)”說(shuō)明移動(dòng)設(shè)備使得劃定界限更困難，以及下文“Forexample,ifyoucheckemailsfartoofrequently,movetheemailappfromyourphone’shomepagetothesecondpage.(例如，如果您過(guò)于頻繁地查看電子郵件，請(qǐng)將電子郵件應(yīng)用程序從手機(jī)主頁(yè)移動(dòng)到第二頁(yè))”給出具體的調(diào)整方法，G選項(xiàng)“但是有一些方法可以調(diào)整它們，使它們不那么分散注意力?！闭f(shuō)明雖然移動(dòng)設(shè)備難以劃定界限，但可以通過(guò)調(diào)整來(lái)減少其分散注意力的影響，承上啟下，符合題意。故選G?！?0題詳析】上文“Settingboundariesisn’taboutshuttingpeopleout.(設(shè)定界限并不是要把人拒之門外)”以及下文“Creatinghealthylimitsprotectsyourenergy,prioritizesyourhappiness,andbuildsstrongerrelationships.(建立健康的界限可以保護(hù)你的精力，優(yōu)先考慮你的幸福，并建立更牢固的關(guān)系)”說(shuō)明設(shè)定界限不是為了把別人排除在外，而是為了給自己的生活留出空間，D選項(xiàng)“這意味著為你想要的生活騰出空間?！闭f(shuō)明設(shè)定界限的目的是為了為自己想要的生活創(chuàng)造空間，與上下文內(nèi)容相符，符合題意。故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。DavidJoneswassupposedtodrivefromSouthCarolinatoJohnsonCity,Tennessee,forhisdaughterElizabeth’sweddingintwohours.However,it____21____beingaseven-hourdriveandthenanotherfiveandahalfhoursonfoot.Aftera____22____seven-hourdriveonaroad,JonesfinallycrossedthestatelineintoTennesseearound2:00am,butapoliceman____23____thatwastheendoftheroadbecauseofaterribleflooding.Bothinterstateandminorroadswere____24____.“Mydaughter’sgettingmarriedat11:00thismorning,andI’ve____25____towalkherdowntheaisle(紅毯),”Jonesrecalled.Thoughunsure,he____26____itwaslessthan30milesaway,sohedecidedtowalk.Butitwasmuchmoredifficultthanhecouldhave____27____,ashefoundhimselfintotal____28____withonlyhiscellphonelighttoshowhimthe____29____togothroughcountlesspilesofdebris(殘骸)ofoldfencesandhugetrees.The_____30_____nearlybecamedeadlywhenheencounteredcrews_____31_____theroadwithamachine._____32_____,theoperatorthoughtnobodywouldbethereinsuchbadroad_____33_____andJoneswasnearlyhit.Toavoidthesimilaraccident,hecarriedareflectivestake(樁).5.5hourslater,hemadeittoElizabeth’swedding_____34_____forhiscommitment.AlltheguestsweretouchedbywhatJoneshad_____35_____tokeephiswordandhisloveforhisdaughter.21.A.turnedup B.endedup C.stuckto D.ledto22.A.tough B.fantastic C.fortunate D.common23.A.responded B.agreed C.realized D.explained24.A.available B.adjustable C.inflexible D.impassable25.A.returned B.permitted C.promised D.regretted26.A.proved B.estimated C.indicated D.replied27.A.imagined B.commented C.remembered D.doubted28.A.coldness B.noise C.shadow D.darkness29.A.instruction B.direction C.position D.information30.A.occasion B.search C.adventure D.competition31.A.expanding B.covering C.designing D.clearing32.A.Naturally B.Consequently C.Luckily D.Hopefully33.A.structures B.conditions C.transport D.traffic34.A.inreturn B.asusual C.ontime D.bychance35.A.achieved B.promoted C.experienced D.prevented【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.D25.C26.B27.A28.D29.B30.C31.D32.A33.B34.C35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了DavidJones克服重重困難，準(zhǔn)時(shí)參加女兒婚禮的感人故事?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：然而，這最終變成了一次七小時(shí)的車程，然后又徒步走了五個(gè)半小時(shí)。A.turnedup出現(xiàn)；B.endedup最終成為；C.stuckto堅(jiān)持；D.ledto導(dǎo)致。根據(jù)下文“Aftera_______seven-hourdriveonaroad,JonesfinallycrossedthestatelineintoTennesseearound2:00am,”以及“5.5hourslater,hemadeittoElizabeth’swedding”可知，原本計(jì)劃兩小時(shí)的車程最終變成了七小時(shí)車程加五個(gè)半小時(shí)步行。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過(guò)一段艱難的七小時(shí)車程，Jones終于在凌晨2點(diǎn)左右越過(guò)州界進(jìn)入田納西州，但一名警察解釋說(shuō)，由于嚴(yán)重的洪水，那是路的盡頭。A.tough艱難的；B.fantastic極好的；C.fortunate幸運(yùn)的；D.common普通的。根據(jù)下文“seven-hourdrive”以及“becauseofaterribleflooding”可知，這次車程因?yàn)楹樗兊煤芷D難。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過(guò)一段艱難的七小時(shí)車程，Jones終于在凌晨2點(diǎn)左右越過(guò)州界進(jìn)入田納西州，但一名警察解釋說(shuō)，由于嚴(yán)重的洪水，那是路的盡頭。A.responded回應(yīng)；B.agreed同意；C.realized意識(shí)到；D.explained解釋。根據(jù)下文“thatwastheendoftheroadbecauseofaterribleflooding”可知，警察在解釋路不能繼續(xù)走的原因。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：州際公路和小路都無(wú)法通行。A.available可獲得的；B.adjustable可調(diào)整的；C.inflexible不靈活的；D.impassable無(wú)法通行的。根據(jù)上文“becauseofaterribleflooding”可知，由于洪水，道路無(wú)法通行。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我女兒今天上午11點(diǎn)結(jié)婚，我答應(yīng)要牽著她走過(guò)紅毯，”Jones回憶道。A.returned返回；B.permitted允許；C.promised答應(yīng)；D.regretted后悔。根據(jù)下文“towalkherdowntheaisle”以及“AlltheguestsweretouchedbywhatJoneshad_______tokeephiswordandhisloveforhisdaughter.”可知，Jones答應(yīng)女兒要牽著她走過(guò)紅毯。故選C?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然不確定，但他估計(jì)距離不到30英里，所以他決定步行。A.proved證明；B.estimated估計(jì)；C.indicated表明；D.replied回復(fù)。根據(jù)下文“itwaslessthan30milesaway”可知，Jones在估計(jì)距離。故選B?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但這比他想象的要困難得多，因?yàn)樗l(fā)現(xiàn)自己完全處于黑暗中，只有手機(jī)的光指引他穿過(guò)無(wú)數(shù)堆舊柵欄和大樹(shù)的殘骸。A.imagined想象；B.commented評(píng)論；C.remembered記得；D.doubted懷疑。根據(jù)下文“ashefoundhimselfintotal______withonlyhiscellphonelighttoshowhimthe_______togothroughcountlesspilesofdebris(殘骸)ofoldfencesandhugetrees.”可知，實(shí)際情況比他想象的要困難。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但這比他想象的要困難得多，因?yàn)樗l(fā)現(xiàn)自己完全處于黑暗中，只有手機(jī)的光指引他穿過(guò)無(wú)數(shù)堆舊柵欄和大樹(shù)的殘骸。A.coldness寒冷；B.noise噪音；C.shadow陰影；D.darkness黑暗。根據(jù)下文“withonlyhiscellphonelight”可知，周圍很黑暗，只有手機(jī)的光。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但這比他想象的要困難得多，因?yàn)樗l(fā)現(xiàn)自己完全處于黑暗中，只有手機(jī)的光指引他穿過(guò)無(wú)數(shù)堆舊柵欄和大樹(shù)的殘骸。A.instruction指令；B.direction方向；C.position位置；D.information信息。根據(jù)下文“togothroughcountlesspilesofdebrisofoldfencesandhugetrees”可知，手機(jī)的光給他指引方向。故選B?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他遇到一組人用機(jī)器清理道路時(shí)，這次冒險(xiǎn)幾乎變得致命。A.occasion場(chǎng)合；B.search搜索；C.adventure冒險(xiǎn)；D.competition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。根據(jù)下文“nearlybecamedeadly”可知，這次徒步經(jīng)歷變得很危險(xiǎn)，像是一次冒險(xiǎn)。故選C?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他遇到一組人用機(jī)器清理道路時(shí)，這次冒險(xiǎn)幾乎變得致命。A.expanding擴(kuò)大；B.covering覆蓋；C.designing設(shè)計(jì)；D.clearing清理。根據(jù)上文“gothroughcountlesspilesofdebris(殘骸)ofoldfencesandhugetrees.”以及下文“theroadwithamachine”可知，人們?cè)谑褂脵C(jī)器清理道路。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：自然地，操作員認(rèn)為在這么糟糕的路況下不會(huì)有人在那里，Jones差點(diǎn)被撞。A.Naturally自然地；B.Consequently因此；C.Luckily幸運(yùn)地；D.Hopefully有希望地。根據(jù)下文“theoperatorthoughtnobodywouldbethereinsuchbadroad_______”可知，路況很糟糕，操作員自然認(rèn)為路上沒(méi)有人。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：自然地，操作員認(rèn)為在這么糟糕的路況下不會(huì)有人在那里，Jones差點(diǎn)被撞。A.structures結(jié)構(gòu)；B.conditions狀況；C.transport運(yùn)輸；D.traffic交通。根據(jù)上文“becauseofaterribleflooding”以及“gothroughcountlesspilesofdebris(殘骸)ofoldfencesandhugetrees.”可知，路況很糟糕。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：5.5小時(shí)后，他準(zhǔn)時(shí)趕到了Elizabeth的婚禮，履行了他的承諾。A.inreturn作為回報(bào)；B.asusual像往常一樣；C.ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)；D.bychance偶然。根據(jù)上文“andI’ve______towalkherdowntheaisle(紅毯),”以及“hemadeittoElizabeth’swedding”可知，他之前答應(yīng)女兒要牽著她走過(guò)紅毯，此處表示他準(zhǔn)時(shí)趕到了婚禮。故選C。【35題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：所有的客人都被Jones為信守諾言和對(duì)女兒的愛(ài)所經(jīng)歷的一切所感動(dòng)。A.achieved實(shí)現(xiàn)；B.promoted促進(jìn)；C.experienced經(jīng)歷；D.prevented阻止。根據(jù)上文“However,it______beingaseven-hourdriveandthenanotherfiveandahalfhoursonfoot.”可知，此處指客人們被Jones所經(jīng)歷的一切所感動(dòng)。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Inthe20thcentury,theborderbetweenDilsen-StokkemandMaasmecheleninBelgiumtransformedthoroughly.Theareawithstoodyearsofcoalmining,which____36____(create)twoterrils—largepilesofminingwastematerials