湖南省永州市2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期4月期中考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省永州市2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期4月期中英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AEveryonelovesagoodparty,butKing’sDayinAmsterdamisthebiggestofthemall!So,what’shappeningintheDutchcapitalonApril27?WhatisKing’sDay?King’sDaycelebratesthecurrentrulingmonarch’s(君主)birthday.Inthiscase,theentireNetherlandsthrowsahugebirthdaypartyforKingWillem-Alexander,whosebirthdayisonApril27.TherewillbeplentyofmusicandfestivitiesthroughthenightandintoKing’sDay.Amsterdamiswellknownforitsopenstagesthroughoutallitsneighbourhoods.TravellingduringKing’sDayinAmsterdamThelocalgovernmentclosesmostofAmsterdam’scitycentretotrafficonApril27,butyou’llbeabletowalkorbikearoundthecityasusual.Buses,metros,andtramswillalsoberunningthroughoutKing’sDayinAmsterdam,someondifferentroutesandtimetables,whichyoucancheckonGVB.Youcanstillaccessthecitybycarthroughafewopenroads,andparkingisfree.FleamarketsonKing’sDayinAmsterdamThelocalgovernmentwillallowfleamarketsacrossthecity.Anyonecansettledownanywhereinthecityandsellalltheirunwantedgoodsfrom6a.m.to8p.m.,exceptinDamSquare.Youwon’tbeallowedtopurchasemorethanoneservingofwineatatimebetween6a.m.and12a.m.duringKing’sDay.HowareyouplanningonspendingKing’sDaythisyear?Tellusinthecomments!1.WhatisthepurposeofKing’sDay?A.TocelebratetheKing’sbirthday. B.Tohonorthepresentking’sruling.C.TomarkthefoundingofAmsterdam. D.TohighlightAmsterdam’sperformances.2.WhatisallowedonKing’sDay?A.Takingpublictransportationasusual. B.SellingunwantedgoodsinDamSquare.C.Enteringthecitycentrebyridingabike. D.Buyingtwoglassesofwineatatimefreely.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelguidebook. B.Anewsreport.C.Ahistorymagazine. D.Anofficialwebsite.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了荷蘭阿姆斯特丹的國(guó)王節(jié)，包括其目的、活動(dòng)以及相關(guān)注意事項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WhatisKing’sDay?”部分中的“King’sDaycelebratesthecurrentrulingmonarch’s(君主)birthday.Inthiscase,theentireNetherlandsthrowsahugebirthdaypartyforKingWillem-Alexander,whosebirthdayisonApril27.(國(guó)王日慶祝現(xiàn)任在位君主的生日。在這種情況下，整個(gè)荷蘭都會(huì)為威廉-亞歷山大國(guó)王舉辦一個(gè)盛大的生日派對(duì)，他的生日是4月27日)”可知，國(guó)王日是為了慶祝國(guó)王的生日。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TravellingduringKing’sDayinAmsterdam”部分中的“ThelocalgovernmentclosesmostofAmsterdam’scitycentretotrafficonApril27,butyou’llbeabletowalkorbikearoundthecityasusual.(4月27日，當(dāng)?shù)卣畬㈥P(guān)閉阿姆斯特丹市中心的大部分交通，但你可以像往常一樣步行或騎自行車在城市中穿行)”可知，國(guó)王日當(dāng)天，人們可以像往常一樣騎自行車進(jìn)入市中心。故選C。【3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Everyonelovesagoodparty,butKing’sDayinAmsterdamisthebiggestofthemall!So,what’shappeningintheDutchcapitalonApril27?(每個(gè)人都喜歡好的派對(duì)，但阿姆斯特丹的國(guó)王節(jié)是其中最大的一個(gè)！那么，4月27日在荷蘭首都會(huì)發(fā)生什么呢？)”可知，文章介紹了阿姆斯特丹國(guó)王節(jié)的相關(guān)情況，包括節(jié)日的意義、出行方式以及跳蚤市場(chǎng)等，以及最后一段“HowareyouplanningonspendingKing’sDaythisyear?Tellusinthecomments!(你打算怎么過今年的國(guó)王節(jié)？在評(píng)論中告訴我們吧！)”可知，最后邀請(qǐng)讀者在評(píng)論區(qū)留言，這種互動(dòng)形式更符合官方網(wǎng)站的特點(diǎn)。故選D。BMyuncleGeorgelivesinahomewithafewotherpeoplelikehim.Heenjoysasimplelife—nosmartphones,noInternet—socommunicationislimitedtoin-personvisitsandoldfashionedlandlinephonecalls.UncleGeorgeandIhavealwayssharedaspecialbond.WhenIwasaround5,Iaskedmyparentswhatwaswrongwithhim.Theyexplainedthatnothingwas“wrong”exactly,butthathewasmentallydisabled.Backthen,Georgewouldoftenaskformyphonenumber,writeitdown,callmeafewtimes,andthenstopwhenhelostthepaper.Thiscontinuedforyearsuntil,aboutsixyearsago,hememorizedmynumber.Sincethen,hecallsme10timesaday,everyday,from7a.m.to7p.m.Ianswerabouttwocallsaday.Ourcallsalwaysfollowthesamepattern,withGeorgecreatingoneofthreeimaginaryscenes.Inone,he’smydad,scoldingmeforcursing(咒罵).Inanother,he’sMajorCharlesWinchesterfromtheTVshowMASH,andI’mCaptainB.J.Hunnicutt.Inthelast,we’recourageouslifeguardsplanningtosaveadrowningperson.Weplayourrolesforaboutaminute,thenlaugh.Afterward,hesays,“Youknowsomething,Tommy?I’mjustcallingtosayyou’rethebestguyIknow.”Ireply,“Soareyou.Thetwoofus!”HethenasksaboutmydinnerorifI’mwatchingagame,andpromisestocallbackataspecifictime(thoughhealwayscallsearlier).Thesecallshavebeenaconstantinmylifeforyears.Nomatterwhat’shappening—breakups,workproblems,orstress—IcanalwayscountonGeorge’scallstomakemelaughandfeellikeakidagain.BecauseGeorgedoesn’tunderstandadultlife,hecan’tfullygraspmystruggles,buthealwaysbringsthesameloveandenergy.Hisunwaveringsupportisagiftthatsavesme,justalittle,everyday.4.WhatisthemainwayUncleGeorgecommunicateswiththeauthor?A.Throughtextmessages. B.Byusingalandline.C.Throughsocialmedia. D.Byvisitingfrequently.5.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondparagraph?A.NothingwaswrongwithGeorge. B.TheauthorrarelytalkstoGeorge.C.TheauthorcallsbackGeorgetwiceaday. D.Georgestruggleswithrememberingthings.6.WhatdoUncleGeorgeandtheauthorpretendtobe?A.Distantrelatives. B.Amajorandacitizen.C.Twofearlesslifeguards. D.Acaptainandasoldier.7.HowdoesUncleGeorge’ssupportaffecttheauthor?A.Itsavestheauthor’slife. B.Ithelpstheauthorfeelloved.C.Itmakestheauthorfeellikeanadult. D.Itmakestheauthorreliableandenergetic.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過描述作者與叔叔George之間的特殊關(guān)系，展示了即使在智力受限的情況下，親情和愛依然能夠帶來(lái)巨大的力量和安慰。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Heenjoysasimplelife—nosmartphones,noInternet—socommunicationislimitedtoin-personvisitsandoldfashionedlandlinephonecalls.(他享受著一種簡(jiǎn)單的生活——沒有智能手機(jī)，也沒有互聯(lián)網(wǎng)——因此交流僅限于面對(duì)面的訪問和傳統(tǒng)的座機(jī)電話。)”可知，叔叔George與作者溝通的主要方式是通過座機(jī)電話，故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Backthen,Georgewouldoftenaskformyphonenumber,writeitdown,callmeafewtimes,andthenstopwhenhelostthepaper.Thiscontinuedforyearsuntil,aboutsixyearsago,hememorizedmynumber.(那時(shí)，George經(jīng)常問我電話號(hào)碼，寫下來(lái)，給我打幾次電話，然后在他丟失紙條時(shí)停止通話。這種情況持續(xù)了多年，直到大約六年前，他記住了我的號(hào)碼)”可知，George在記憶方面存在困難，故選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Inone,he’smydad,scoldingmeforcursing.Inanother,he’sMajorCharlesWinchesterfromtheTVshowMASH,andI’mCaptainB.J.Hunnicutt.Inthelast,we’recourageouslifeguardsplanningtosaveadrowningperson.(在一個(gè)場(chǎng)景中，他是我爸爸，責(zé)備我罵人。在另一個(gè)場(chǎng)景中，他是電視劇《MASH》中的查爾斯·溫徹斯特少校，而我是比·杰·漢尼卡特上尉。在最后一個(gè)場(chǎng)景中，我們是勇敢的救生員，計(jì)劃去救一個(gè)溺水的人)”可知，他們假裝是勇敢的救生員，故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Nomatterwhat’shappening—breakups,workproblems,orstress—IcanalwayscountonGeorge’scallstomakemelaughandfeellikeakidagain.BecauseGeorgedoesn’tunderstandadultlife,hecan’tfullygraspmystruggles,buthealwaysbringsthesameloveandenergy.Hisunwaveringsupportisagiftthatsavesme,justalittle,everyday.(無(wú)論發(fā)生什么——分手、工作問題還是壓力——我總是可以依靠George的電話讓我笑起來(lái)，再次感覺像個(gè)孩子。因?yàn)镚eorge不理解成年生活，他無(wú)法完全理解我的掙扎，但他總是帶來(lái)同樣的愛和活力。他堅(jiān)定不移的支持是我每天都能得到一點(diǎn)拯救的禮物)”可知，George的支持讓作者感到被愛，故選B項(xiàng)。CFreedomgenerallyreferstotheabilitytoact,speak,think,orlivewithoutunreasonablelimitation,yetitsdefinitionandrangesareoftendebated.The20th-centuryphilosopherIsaiahBerlindistinguishedbetween“negativefreedom”and“positivefreedom”.Let’stakeSteveforexample,whoissittingwithaglassofwineinfrontofhim.Nooneisholdingaguntohishead,tellinghimtodrink.Heisfreetodoashepleases.ButSteveisanalcoholic.Heknowsit’sbadforhim,buthecan’thelphimself.Hestretchesouthistremblinghandandliftstheglasstohislips.Twoverydifferentkindsoffreedomareatplayhere.Weoftenthinkoffreedomastheabsenceofexternalrestriction:youarefreesolongasthereisnothingpreventingyoufromdoingwhatyouwant.ThisiswhatBerlincalls“negativefreedom”;itisnegativeinthatitisdefinedbywhatisabsent—anyformoflimitoroutsidedisturbance.InthissenseSteve,thedrinker,iscompletelyfree.ButStevecan’thelphimself.Heisforcedtodrink,eventhoughheknowshisinterestswouldbebetterservedbynotdoingso.Heisnotfullyincontrolofhimselfandhisfortuneisnotfullyinhisownhands.Totheextentthatheisdriventodrink,hehasnochoiceandisnotfree.Whilenegativefreedomisfreedomfromexternalinterference(干涉),positivefreedomisusuallydescribedasfreedomtoachievecertainends;asaformofempowermentthatallowsanindividualtorealizehisorherpotential,toachieveaparticularvisionofself-realizationandtoreachastateofself-mastery.ToreturntoSteve:thepartofhimthatproperlyunderstandshisbestinterestsisassumedtobethehigher,morereasonableself.Ifheisincapablehimselfofencouragingthisparttosucceed,perhapsheneedssomeoutsidehelp—frompeoplewhoarewiserthanheandbetterabletoseehowheshouldact.8.WhydoestheauthormentionSteve’sstoryinparagraph1?A.Tocriticizealcoholicsforlackingself-discipline.B.ToclarifyBerlin’sunderstandingofpersonalinterests.C.Toshowcoexistenceoftwodifferentsortsoffreedom.D.Toarguethenecessityofexternalrestrictionsforfreedom.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“externalrestriction”inparagraph2mean?A.Interestsofone’sown. B.Personalpreference.C.Limitsfromoutsideforces. D.Astateofself-control.10.Whatis“positivefreedom”inBerlin’sphilosophy?A.Freedomwithoutanylimitations. B.Freedomtoignorepersonalinterests.C.Freedomtobehavewithoutthinking. D.Freedomtoactinlinewithone’sreason.11.HowcouldStevepossiblyachievepositivefreedomaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Byaskingforoutsideguidance. B.Byunderstandinghisinterestsbetter.C.Bysettinghigherstandardsforhimself. D.Bygettingmorereasontocontrolhimself.【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了20世紀(jì)哲學(xué)家以賽亞?伯林區(qū)分的“消極自由”和“積極自由”，并通過史蒂夫的例子來(lái)闡述這兩種自由的概念?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Twoverydifferentkindsoffreedomareatplayhere.(兩種截然不同的自由在這里起作用。)”以及后文對(duì)消極自由和積極自由的詳細(xì)闡述可知，作者提到史蒂夫的故事是為了展示兩種不同類型的自由的共存。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后面的“youarefreesolongasthereisnothingpreventingyoufromdoingwhatyouwant.ThisiswhatBerlincalls“negativefreedom”;itisnegativeinthatitisdefinedbywhatisabsent—anyformoflimitoroutsidedisturbance.(只要沒有什么能阻止你做你想做的事，你就是自由的。這就是伯林所說(shuō)的“消極自由”；它是消極的，因?yàn)樗怯刹淮嬖诘臇|西定義的——任何形式的限制或外部干擾。)”可知，“externalrestriction”指的是來(lái)自外部力量的限制。故選C項(xiàng)。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Whilenegativefreedomisfreedomfromexternalinterference(干涉),positivefreedomisusuallydescribedasfreedomtoachievecertainends;asaformofempowermentthatallowsanindividualtorealizehisorherpotential,toachieveaparticularvisionofself-realizationandtoreachastateofself-mastery.(雖然消極自由是不受外部干涉的自由，但積極自由通常被描述為實(shí)現(xiàn)某些目標(biāo)的自由；作為一種賦予個(gè)人權(quán)力的形式，使個(gè)人能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)自己的潛力，實(shí)現(xiàn)自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的特定愿景，并達(dá)到自我掌控的狀態(tài)。)”可知，在伯林的哲學(xué)中，“積極自由”是按照自己的理性行動(dòng)的自由。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ToreturntoSteve:thepartofhimthatproperlyunderstandshisbestinterestsisassumedtobethehigher,morereasonableself.Ifheisincapablehimselfofencouragingthisparttosucceed,perhapsheneedssomeoutsidehelp—frompeoplewhoarewiserthanheandbetterabletoseehowheshouldact.(回到史蒂夫的例子：他身上正確理解自己最大利益的那部分被認(rèn)為是更高層次、更理性的自我。如果他自己無(wú)法促使這部分成功，也許他需要一些外部幫助——來(lái)自比他更聰明、更能看清他應(yīng)該如何行動(dòng)的人。)”可知，史蒂夫可能通過尋求外部指導(dǎo)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)積極自由。故選A項(xiàng)。DNASA’sLunarThirdGenerationPartnership(3GPP)isresearchinghowtobringwirelesstechnologiestotheMoon,butsignificantchallengesremain.Extremetemperaturesandradiationcandamagecommercial-gradeelectronics,andadaptingcomplex4Gand5Gsystemsforthelunarsurfaceisamajorundertaking.“Westillhavemuchtolearnaboutthelunarsurfaceradiofrequencypropagation(傳播)environment,”saysRaymondWagner,principalinvestigatoroftheLunar3GPPproject.Onceoperational,thesesystemswillallowastronautstocommunicatereliablywithrovers,instruments,andcrewmembers,whileefficientlytransmittingdatabacktoEarththroughasinglelink.Toaddressthesechallenges,NASAisdevelopingrelaysatellitesaspartofitsLunarCommunicationsRelayandNavigationSystemsproject.TheEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA),akeyArtemismissionpartner,isalsocontributingthroughitsMoonlightprogramme.ESAplanstocreateanetworkofthreeorfourcommunicationsanddata-relaysatellites,similartoEarth’sGPS.ThefirststepistheLunarPathfindermissionin2025,whichwilltestthenecessarytechnology.ESA’snavigationpayloadwillbeonboard,andNASAwillshareinstrumentsandaccesslunarrelayservices.Bycombiningtheseeffortswithradioranging,theprojectwillgatherlocationdatatoexplorehowaMoonlight-likenavigationsystemcouldbecarriedout,layingthegroundworkforafuturelunarproject.WagnerhighlightstherapidadvancementsinmobilecommunicationsonEarthoverthepasttwodecadesandexpressesoptimismaboutbringingsimilartechnologiestotheMoon.“Ifwereliablydeploy(利用)thosesameconveniencestotheMoon,we’llbeingreatshape,”hesays.“Theseeffortsaimtocreateastrongcommunicationnetworktosupportsaferandmoreefficientlunarmissions,pavingthewayforfutureexplorationandpotentialsettlements.”Insummary,NASAandESAaredevelopingrelaysatellitesandtestingnewtechnologiestoovercomelunarcommunicationchallenges.ProjectslikeLunarPathfinderandMoonlightaimtoestablishareliablenetworkforastronautsandequipment,enablingefficientdatatransmissionandnavigation.AsWagnernotes,advancementsinEarth’smobilecommunicationsserveasamodelforlunarsystems,bringingusclosertosafer,moreefficient,andbetter-connectedlunarmissions.12.Whatchallengesdoesthe3GPPprojectface?A.Lackofelectronics. B.Extremelunarconditions.C.Complexityof5Gsystems. D.Unstableradiosignals.13.WhatisESA’splaninthelunarproject?A.SharingdeviceswithNASA. B.DevelopingEarth’sGPSsystems.C.Creatingsatellitenetworks. D.AchievingArtemismissiongoals.14.WhatisWagner’sattitudetowardlunarcommunicationsystems?A.Optimistic. B.Negative. C.Doubtful. D.Indifferent.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TalkingOnTheMoon. B.StartingLunarExploration.C.BuildingRelaySatellites. D.TestingCommunicativeTech.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章通過介紹NASA和ESA在月球通信技術(shù)方面的研究進(jìn)展，展示了科學(xué)家們?nèi)绾慰朔O端條件，建立可靠的通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)，為未來(lái)的月球探索和潛在的定居點(diǎn)鋪平道路?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Extremetemperaturesandradiationcandamagecommercial-gradeelectronics,andadaptingcomplex4Gand5Gsystemsforthelunarsurfaceisamajorundertaking.(極端溫度和輻射會(huì)損壞商業(yè)級(jí)電子設(shè)備，將復(fù)雜的4G和5G系統(tǒng)適應(yīng)月球表面是一項(xiàng)重大任務(wù))”可知，3GPP項(xiàng)目面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是極端的月球條件，故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TheEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA),akeyArtemismissionpartner,isalsocontributingthroughitsMoonlightprogramme.ESAplanstocreateanetworkofthreeorfourcommunicationsanddata-relaysatellites,similartoEarth’sGPS.(歐洲航天局(ESA)是阿耳忒彌斯任務(wù)的關(guān)鍵合作伙伴，也通過其Moonlight計(jì)劃做出貢獻(xiàn)。ESA計(jì)劃創(chuàng)建一個(gè)由三到四個(gè)通信和數(shù)據(jù)中繼衛(wèi)星組成的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，類似于地球的GPS)”可知，ESA的計(jì)劃是創(chuàng)建衛(wèi)星網(wǎng)絡(luò)，故選C項(xiàng)。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“WagnerhighlightstherapidadvancementsinmobilecommunicationsonEarthoverthepasttwodecadesandexpressesoptimismaboutbringingsimilartechnologiestotheMoon.(Wagner強(qiáng)調(diào)了過去二十年地球移動(dòng)通信的快速發(fā)展，并對(duì)將類似技術(shù)引入月球表示樂觀)”可知，Wagner對(duì)月球通信系統(tǒng)持樂觀態(tài)度，故選A項(xiàng)。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Insummary,NASAandESAaredevelopingrelaysatellitesandtestingnewtechnologiestoovercomelunarcommunicationchallenges.ProjectslikeLunarPathfinderandMoonlightaimtoestablishareliablenetworkforastronautsandequipment,enablingefficientdatatransmissionandnavigation.(總結(jié)來(lái)說(shuō)，NASA和ESA正在開發(fā)中繼衛(wèi)星并測(cè)試新技術(shù)以克服月球通信挑戰(zhàn)。像LunarPathfinder和Moonlight這樣的項(xiàng)目旨在為宇航員和設(shè)備建立可靠的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，實(shí)現(xiàn)高效的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸和導(dǎo)航)”及全文可知，文章主要介紹了NASA和ESA在月球通信技術(shù)方面的研究進(jìn)展，以及面臨的挑戰(zhàn)和未來(lái)的計(jì)劃。所以文章的最佳標(biāo)題是A項(xiàng)“在月球上通話”。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ikeepalistofthingsthatareunderappreciated,andinthesportsandgamescategory,onestandsaboveallothers:Ping-Pong.Studieshaveshownthatitrequiresrapid-firedecision-makingthatactivatesdiverseregionsofthebrainandincreasesbloodflow.Italsohelpsdevelopnewneural(神經(jīng)的)pathwaysthatcanrelievedepressionandslowdowndementia.___16___Foronething,thegameisdecidedlyanequal-opportunityactivity.Age,sexandphysicalconditionmatterlittle.___17___Whetheryou’reyoungorold,tallorshort,slimornot-so-slim,everyonehasashotatglory.Forexample,MartyReisman,alegendaryAmericanplayer,waswinningmedalsatnationalchampionshipsinhisseconddecade,aswellashisseventh.___18___Ifyoucan’tfindaPing-Pongbatinyourstorageroom,anacceptablygoodonecanbeboughtforabout$20,orasetoffour,withnetandballsthrownin,forlessthan$50.Thegamecanbeplayedonanytableofreasonablesize.___19___ChuangChiafu,oneofChina’sfirstgreatplayers,sharpenedhisskillsonthefrontdoorofhisfamily’shome,whichhewouldtakeoffthedooreverymorningandreplaceattheendoftheday.Ping-Pongisanopenandeasy-to-startactivitythatbenefitsplayersbothphysicallyandmentally.Withsimpleequipmentandrules,thissportisahiddendiamondforpersonalandcommunitywell-being.___20___A.Inadifficultsituation,youdon’tevenneedatable.B.Inconclusion,wecanenjoygreatbenefitsfromplayingit.C.ButwhattrulysetsPing-Pongapartisitsopennesstoallpeople.D.Ping-Pongisnotjustahobbybutagoodwaytoexperiencelife.E.Foranotherthing,perhapsnosporthaslowercosttoparticipatein.F.Whynotgiveitagoanddiscoverthepotentialintabletennisforyourself?G.Instead,individualsofdifferentfitnesslevelscancompeteequallyinthisactivity.【答案】16.C17.G18.E19.A20.F【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，強(qiáng)調(diào)了乒乓球在體育和游戲類別中的獨(dú)特價(jià)值。文章通過多個(gè)方面闡述了乒乓球?qū)ι眢w和大腦的益處，以及它的普及性和易參與性?！?6題詳析】下文提到“Foronething,thegameisdecidedlyanequal-opportunityactivity.(首先，乒乓球確實(shí)是一項(xiàng)機(jī)會(huì)平等的運(yùn)動(dòng)。)”，指出乒乓球是一種大眾都可接受的運(yùn)動(dòng)。C項(xiàng)“ButwhattrulysetsPing-Pongapartisitsopennesstoallpeople.(但真正使乒乓球與眾不同的是它對(duì)所有人的開放性。)”符合題意，引出了下文對(duì)乒乓球普及性的討論，故答案選C?！?7題詳析】上文提到“Age,sexandphysicalconditionmatterlittle.(年齡、性別和身體狀況都不重要。)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)了乒乓球?qū)⑴c者的包容性。G項(xiàng)“Instead,individualsofdifferentfitnesslevelscancompeteequallyinthisactivity.(相反，不同健康水平的個(gè)體可以在這種活動(dòng)中公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。)”與上文相呼應(yīng)，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明了乒乓球的平等性，故答案選G?！?8題詳析】上文提到“Foronething,thegameisdecidedlyanequal-opportunityactivity.(首先，乒乓球確實(shí)是一項(xiàng)機(jī)會(huì)平等的運(yùn)動(dòng)。)”，接下來(lái)需要討論另一個(gè)方面。E項(xiàng)“Foranotherthing,perhapsnosporthaslowercosttoparticipatein.(另一方面，也許沒有比乒乓球參與成本更低的運(yùn)動(dòng)了。)”引出了乒乓球的低成本優(yōu)勢(shì)，與下文提到的購(gòu)買球拍和球桌的成本相呼應(yīng)，也與上文的foronething呼應(yīng)，故答案選E?！?9題詳析】上文提到“Thegamecanbeplayedonanytableofreasonablesize.(這種游戲可以在任何合理大小的桌子上進(jìn)行。)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)了乒乓球?qū)?chǎng)地的低要求。A項(xiàng)“Inadifficultsituation,youdon’tevenneedatable.(在困難的情況下，你甚至不需要桌子。)”與上文相呼應(yīng)，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明了乒乓球的易參與性，故答案選A?！?0題詳析】上文提到“Ping-Pongisanopenandeasy-to-startactivitythatbenefitsplayersbothphysicallyandmentally.Withsimpleequipmentandrules,thissportisahiddendiamondforpersonalandcommunitywell-being.(乒乓球是一項(xiàng)開放且易于開始的活動(dòng)，對(duì)參與者身心都有益處。憑借簡(jiǎn)單的設(shè)備和規(guī)則，這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)是個(gè)人和社區(qū)福祉的一顆隱藏的明珠。)”強(qiáng)調(diào)了乒乓球的好處。F項(xiàng)“Whynotgiveitagoanddiscoverthepotentialintabletennisforyourself?(為什么不嘗試一下，親自發(fā)現(xiàn)乒乓球的潛力呢？)”與上文相呼應(yīng)，鼓勵(lì)讀者嘗試乒乓球，故答案選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。XiZhinong,founderofWildChinaFilm,devotedallhislifetoprotectingwildlife.InJanuary2020,WildChinaFilm___21___collegestudentsinBeijingtostagePeacockontheTipoftheHeartatStarTheaters.Twenty-fiveyearsagoinLancangRiverBasininYunnanprovince,Xi___22___someofthebestphotosofgreenpeacocksinChina.Whenhe___23___totheplacewherehefilmedthegreenpeacockin2017,___24___hefoundthatfewerthan500ofthepeacocksmaystillexist,andithasnowbecomeoneofChina’smostendangeredwildlife,even___25___thanthegiantpanda.Soastosavethisbeautiful___26___,Xistartedworkonprotectingthegreenpeacock,camera___27___.“Agoodwildlifeworkcancutthroughtopeople’s___28___,andthatisthepowerofnature,”Xisaid.___29___thatifpeopleweretobemadeawareofthe____30____ofprotectingtheenvironment,muchmorethanpicturesofbirdswasrequired,hehasphotographedcountlesswildanimals,andis____31____tousetheimagestopromotewildlifeprotection.“Tobeawildlifephotographer,a____32____lovefornatureistheminimumyouneed.Indeedthereismoretophotographythanjusttakingpictures,”Xisaid.“Photographyisa(n)____33____,apowerfulweaponfornatureconservationtomakeimagesstrikeachordwiththe____34____spotofone’sheart.”Throughhis____35____,Xihopestoinspireotherstoprotectwildlifelikethegreenpeacock.21.A.stuckwith B.agreedwith C.teamedupwith D.mixedupwith22.A.shot B.saw C.observed D.selected23.A.applied B.returned C.pointed D.belonged24.A.merrily B.eventually C.surprisingly D.frequently25.A.rarer B.more C.smaller D.better26.A.soul B.location C.species D.picture27.A.inhand B.intheair C.inparticular D.inturn28.A.eyes B.ears C.brains D.hearts29.A.Announcing B.Realizing C.Assuming D.Researching30.A.impression B.tradition C.significance D.strategy31.A.required B.expected C.shocked D.determined32.A.desperate B.selfish C.mild D.quiet33.A.attempt B.element C.solution D.tool34.A.strange B.hard C.soft D.weak35.A.beliefs B.efforts C.collections D.conversations【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.C25.A26.C27.A28.D29.B30.C31.D32.A33.D34.C35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了WildChinaFilm的創(chuàng)始人奚志農(nóng)如何通過拍攝野生動(dòng)物來(lái)保護(hù)它們的故事。【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：2020年1月，WildChinaFilm與北京的大學(xué)生合作，在星光劇院上演了《心尖上的孔雀》。A.stuckwith堅(jiān)持；B.agreedwith同意；C.teamedupwith與……合作；D.mixedupwith與……混淆。根據(jù)上下文“WildChinaFilm”和“collegestudents”可知，這里表示與大學(xué)生合作進(jìn)行表演，其余選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：25年前，在云南省瀾滄江流域，奚志農(nóng)拍攝了中國(guó)最好的綠孔雀照片。A.shot拍攝；B.saw看到；C.observed觀察；D.selected選擇。根據(jù)下文“photosofgreenpeacocks”可知，這里表示拍攝照片。故選A項(xiàng)。【23題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他2017年回到他拍攝綠孔雀的地方時(shí)，他驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)可能只剩下不到500只孔雀，綠孔雀已經(jīng)成為中國(guó)最瀕危的野生動(dòng)物之一，甚至比大熊貓還要稀少。A.applied申請(qǐng)；B.returned返回；C.pointed指向；D.belonged屬于。根據(jù)下文“totheplacewherehefilmedthegreenpeacock”可知，這里表示返回當(dāng)時(shí)拍攝的地點(diǎn)，其余選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他2017年回到他拍攝綠孔雀的地方時(shí)，他驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)可能只剩下不到500只孔雀，綠孔雀已經(jīng)成為中國(guó)最瀕危的野生動(dòng)物之一，甚至比大熊貓還要稀少。A.merrily愉快地；B.eventually最終；C.surprisingly令人驚訝地；D.frequently頻繁地。根據(jù)下文“fewerthan500ofthepeacocksmaystillexist”可知，綠孔雀的數(shù)量急劇下降，這里表示讓他感到非常驚訝。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他2017年回到他拍攝綠孔雀的地方時(shí)，他驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)可能只剩下不到500只孔雀，綠孔雀已經(jīng)成為中國(guó)最瀕危的野生動(dòng)物之一，甚至比大熊貓還要稀少。A.rarer更稀少的；B.more更多的；C.smaller更小的；D.better更好的。根據(jù)上文“mostendangeredwildlife”可知，這里表示綠孔雀成為了最瀕危的物種，說(shuō)明它比大熊貓更稀少。故選A項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了拯救這種美麗的動(dòng)物，奚志農(nóng)開始了他的保護(hù)工作，相機(jī)在手。A.soul靈魂；B.location位置；C.species物種；D.picture圖片。根據(jù)下文“protectingthegreenpeacock”可知，他保護(hù)的是綠孔雀這種物種。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：為了拯救這種美麗的動(dòng)物，奚志農(nóng)開始了他的保護(hù)工作，相機(jī)在手。A.inhand在手邊；B.intheair在空中；C.inparticular尤其；D.inturn反過來(lái)。根據(jù)上文“shotsomeofthebestphotos”可知，他選擇通過照片的方式來(lái)宣傳保護(hù)這種動(dòng)物，說(shuō)明他的相機(jī)是時(shí)常握在手中的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“一部好的野生動(dòng)物作品可以觸動(dòng)人們的心靈，這就是自然的力量?！鞭芍巨r(nóng)說(shuō)。A.eyes眼睛；B.ears耳朵；C.brains大腦；D.hearts心靈。根據(jù)上文“cutthroughtopeople’s”可知，這里表示觸動(dòng)人們的心靈，其余選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：奚志農(nóng)意識(shí)到，如果要讓人們意識(shí)到保護(hù)環(huán)境的重要性，僅靠鳥類的照片是不夠的。他拍攝了無(wú)數(shù)野生動(dòng)物的照片，并決心利用這些照片來(lái)推動(dòng)野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)。A.Announcing宣布；B.Realizing意識(shí)到；C.Assuming假設(shè)；D.Researching研究。根據(jù)下文“muchmorethanpicturesofbirdswasrequired”可知，經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間探索，他意識(shí)到了還需要做更多的事情來(lái)保護(hù)綠孔雀。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：奚志農(nóng)意識(shí)到，如果要讓人們意識(shí)到保護(hù)環(huán)境的重要性，僅靠鳥類的照片是不夠的。他拍攝了無(wú)數(shù)野生動(dòng)物的照片，并決心利用這些照片來(lái)推動(dòng)野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)。A.impression印象；B.tradition傳統(tǒng)；C.significance重要性；D.strategy策略。根據(jù)下文“ofprotectingtheenvironment”可知，這里表示保護(hù)環(huán)境的重要性。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：奚志農(nóng)意識(shí)到，如果要讓人們意識(shí)到保護(hù)環(huán)境的重要性，僅靠鳥類的照片是不夠的。他拍攝了無(wú)數(shù)野生動(dòng)物的照片，并決心利用這些照片來(lái)推動(dòng)野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)。A.required需要的；B.expected期待的；C.shocked震驚的；D.determined決心的。根據(jù)下文“usetheimagestopromotewildlifeprotection”可知，這里表示決心，bedeterminedtodo也是個(gè)固定搭配，意思是“下定決心做……”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：要成為一名野生動(dòng)物攝影師，對(duì)自然的熱愛是最基本的要求。A.desperate絕望的；B.selfish自私的；C.mild溫和的；D.quiet安靜的。根據(jù)上文“Tobeawildlifephotographer”可知，想要當(dāng)一名野生動(dòng)物攝影師，肯定首先是要非常熱愛這份工作的，desperate本意是絕望的，引申為“極度的”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：攝影是一種工具，是自然保護(hù)的有力武器，能讓影像觸動(dòng)人心。A.attempt嘗試；B.element元素；C.solution解決方案；D.tool工具。根據(jù)下文“apowerfulweapon”可知，這里表示攝影是一種工具，就好像一種武器一樣。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：攝影是一種工具，是自然保護(hù)的有力武器，能讓影像觸動(dòng)人心。A.strange奇怪的；B.hard堅(jiān)硬的；C.soft柔軟的；D.weak虛弱的。根據(jù)下文“spotofone’sheart”可知，人的心都是柔軟的，這里也和上文的powerfulweapon形成鮮明對(duì)比，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：通過他的努力，奚志農(nóng)希望激勵(lì)他人保護(hù)像綠孔雀這樣的野生動(dòng)物。A.beliefs信念；B.efforts努力；C.collections收藏；D.conversations對(duì)話。根據(jù)下文“inspireotherstoprotectwildlife”可知，他希望能激發(fā)別人一同保護(hù)動(dòng)物，說(shuō)明他做了大量的努力。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ChinesemartialartscandatebacktotheXiaDynastymorethan4,000yearsago.Justlikemanyearlyformsofmartialartsfromallovertheworld,China’smartialartswere___36___(initial)usedtotrainsoldiers.TheearliestreferencestoChinesemartialartsarefoundinTheSpringandAutumnAnnals,___37___ahand-to-handcombat(搏斗)theoryismentioned.Themodern___38___(concept)ofmartialartswerefullydevelopedbytheMingandQingdynasties.Chinesemartialartshavebeenappealingtoalotofforeigners.Hima,aNigerienstudentwhohasapassionforChinesemartialarts,___39___(hope)tobecomeamessengerforChina-Nigerculturalexchanges.When___40___(admit)totheChineselinguistics(語(yǔ)言學(xué))programatHebeiUniversity,hebecameamemberofhisuniversity’sinternationalmartialartsteamin2015.Tomastersomeskills,hepursuedfurthereducationattheuniversity___41___apostgraduateoneyearlater.Duringtheprocessofhislearning,Himacameacrossmanydifficulties,becausehehadneverbeentrainedinmartialartsbefore.However,afterafewyearsofhardwork,hemadeimpressiveprogressand___42___(win)anumberofawardsinvariouscompetitionsforforeigners.Heevenreceived___43___(write)recognitionfromtheEmbassyofNigerinChina.Whileinhishomecountryduringvacations,Himajoined___44___localmartialartsassociation.HesayshewillapplywhathelearnedaboutcommunicationsinChinatothedevelopmentofcommunicationsinhishomecountry,andthathewillshare___45___(it)philosophythroughworkshopsandserveasaculturalbridgebetweenChinaandAfrica.【答案】36.initially37.where38.concepts39.hopes40.admitted41.as42.won43.written44.a45.its【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文，文章介紹了熱愛中國(guó)武術(shù)的尼日爾籍留學(xué)生Hima在中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)武術(shù)的經(jīng)歷?！?6題詳析】考查副詞。句意：就像來(lái)自世界各地的許多早期武術(shù)形式一樣，中國(guó)武術(shù)最初是用來(lái)訓(xùn)練士兵的?？仗幮揎梽?dòng)詞used，應(yīng)填副詞形式，故填initially。【37題詳析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：中國(guó)武術(shù)最早見于《春秋》，其中提到了一種搏斗戰(zhàn)理論?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是TheSpringandAutumnAnnals，關(guān)系詞在從