專升本英語（閱讀理解）模擬試卷19

專升本英語（閱讀理解）模擬試卷19

一、閱讀理解（本題共25題，每題1.0分，共25分。）

Duringastateofdeeprelaxation,severalphysiologicalchangestakeplacein（hebody:

thebody'soxygenconsumptionisreduced;theheartbeatdecreases;muscletensionand

sweatingease,andthereisdecreasedsympatheticnervoussystemactivity.Thisrestful

statenotonlyallowsthebodytorepairandrestoreitself,butalsohasacalmingeffecton

theconsciousness.Howtoachievethisstateofrelaxation,however,isamatterof

opinion,andinsomemedicalcircles,amatterofcontroversy.ArecentreportbyDr.

DavidHolmesoftheUniversityofKansasinthejournal"Americanpsychologist"said

thatsimplesittinginanarmchairhasjustasmanybeneficialcharacteristicsforthebody

asmeditationdocs.Researchersofotherrelaxationtechniquesdisagree.Theseexperts

believethatmorestructuredtechniques,suchasmeditation,leadtoaconditionofdeep

relaxation.Thedebategoeson,butonethingappearstobeclear;therelaxationresponse

canbereachedbyanumberofmethods,andthemethodsthemselvesarenotasimportant

asgettingthere.Oneday,onemethodmayworkbest;onanotherday,analternative

methodmaybemoreappropriate.Onceyouareawareofallthemethods,youcanfind

theonethatworksbestforyou.Someoftherelaxationtechniquesaremeditation,

autoanalysisandprogressivemusclerelaxationresponsethanjustsittingquietlyina

chair,theyhavetheaddedbenefitofstructureanddiscipline,andforthesereasonsappear

tobemoreeffectiveformostindividuals.

1、Thepassageindicatesthatastateofdeeprelaxationisnotonlygoodforone'sbody,

butalsobeneficialto.

A、heartbeat

B、consciousness

C、muscletension

D^sympatheticnervoussystem

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：由第一段最后一句話“butalsohasacalmingeffectontheconsciousness”

可知正確答案為B。

2、Peopleseemtoagreethat.

A^sittinginanarmchairbenefitsapersonasmeditationdoes

B、whatpeoplearestrugglingforisastateofdeeprelaxation

C、toachieveastateofdeeprelaxationispossiblethroughvariousmeans

D^structuredconsciousnessrelaxationtechniquesaremorebeneficialforaperson

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：由第三段第一句話“…butonethingappearstobeclear：the

relaxation...anumberofmethods”可知正確答案為Co

3、Inthethirdparagraph,thephrase"geningthere"mostprobablymeans.

A^arrivingatone'sdestination

B、gettingwhatonewantsmost

C、reachingastateofdeeprelaxation

D、findingoutasuitablerelaxationtechnique

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：由短語所在的那句話“themethodsthemselvesarcnotasimportantas

gettingthere”可知短語所指為“t知methods",即“findingoutasuitablerelaxation

technique”，故D正確。

4、Asfarasrelaxationisconcerned,theauthorindicatesthat.

A、aimsarcmoreimportantthanmeans

B、meansaremoreimportantthanaims

C、somerelaxationtechniquesarebetter（hanothers

D^moreandmorepeopleareinterestedinrelaxationtechniques

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識之解析：由倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知方法是多種多樣的，而目標(biāo)只有一個。所以

相比之下目標(biāo)更重要一些?？芍狝項(xiàng)正確。

5、Theauthor'sattitudetowardrelaxationisbestdescribedas.

A、critical

B、objective

C、optimistic

D^subjective

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：作者對于“放松”這一生理狀態(tài)的描述應(yīng)該是客觀的，由第二段所描述

的不同人的不同見解為例就可說明這一點(diǎn)。

Itseemsclearthatliteraturehasbecomemoreandmoreafemaleactivity.Inbookstores,

atconferencesorpublicreadingsbywriters,andeveninuniversitydepartments

dedicatedtothehumanities,thewomenclearlyoutnumberthemen.Theexplanation

traditionallygivenisthatmiddle-classwomenreadmorebecausetheyworkfewerhours

thanmen,andsomanyofthemfeelthattheycanjustifymoreeasilythanmenthetime

thattheydevotetofantasyandillusion.Iamsomewhatallergic（反感的）toexplanations

thatdividemenandwomenintofrozencategoriesandattributetoeachsexits

characteristicvirtuesandshortcomings;butthereisnodoubt:hattherearcfewerand

fewerreadersofliterature,andthatamong（hesavingremnani（乘余）ofreaderswomen

predominate.Thisisthecasealmosteverywhere.InSpain,forexample,arecentsurvey

organizedbytheGeneralSocietyofSpanishWritersrevealedthathalfofthatcountry's

populationhasneverreadabook.Thesurveyalsorevealedthatintheminoritythatdoes

read,thenumberofwomenwhoadmittedtoreadingsurpassesthenumberofmenby6.2

percent,adifferencethatappearstobeincreasing.Iamhappyforthesewomen,butIfeel

sorryforthesemen,andforthemillionsofhumanbeingswhocouldreadhuthave

decidednottoread.Theyearnmypi（ynotonlybecause（heyareunawareof（hepleasure

thattheyaremissing,butalsobecauseIamconvincedthatasocietywithoutliterature,or

asocietyinwhichliteraturehasbeenrelegated—likesomehiddenvice—tothemargins

ofsocialandpersonallife,isasocietycondemnedtobecomespirituallybarbaric,and

eventojeopardize（破壞）ilsfreedom.Iwishtoofferafewargumenlsagainsliheideaof

literatureasaluxurypastime,andinfavorofviewingilasoneofthemostprimaryand

necessaryundertaldngsofthemind,anineplaceableactivityfortheformationofcitizens

inamodemanddemocraticsociety,asocietyoffreeindividuals.Itseemsclearthat

literaturehasbecomemoreandmoreafemaleactivity.Inbookstores,atconferencesor

publicreadingsbywriters,andeveninuniversitydepartmentsdedicatedtothe

humanities,thewomenclearlyoutnumberthemen.Theexplanationtraditionallygivenis

thatmiddle-classwomenreadmorebecausetheyworkfewerhoursthanmen,andso

manyofthemfeelthattheycanjustifymoreeasilythanmen（hetimethattheydevoteto

fantasyandillusion.Iamsomewhatallergic（反感的）toexplanationsthatdividemenand

womenintofrozencategoriesandattributetoeachsexitscharacteristicvirtuesand

shortcomings;butthereisnodoubtthattherearefewerandfewerreadersofliterature,

andthatamong（hesavingremnant（剩余）ofreaderswomenpredominate.Thisis（hecase

almosteverywhere.InSpain,forexample,arecentsurveyorganizedbytheGeneral

SocietyofSpanishWritersrevealedthathalfofthatcountry'spopulationhasneverread

abook.Thesurveyalsorevealedthatintheminoritythatdoesread,thenumberof

womenwhoadmittedtoreadingsurpassesthenumberofmenby6.2percent,a

differencethatappearstobeincreasing.Iamhappyforthesewomen,butIfeelsorryfor

theseincii,andforthemillionsofhuiiianbeingswliocouldreadbuthavedecidednotto

read.Theyearnmypitynotonlybecausetheyarcunawareofthepleasurethattheyarc

missing,butalsobecauseIamconvincedthatasocietywithoutliterature,orasocietyin

whichliteraturehasbeenrelegated—likesomehiddenvice一（othemarginsofsocialand

personallife,isasocietycondemnedtobecomespirituallybarbaric,andevento

jeopardize（破壞）itsfreedom.Iwishtoofferafewargumentsagainsttheideaofliterature

asaluxurypastirnc.andinfavorofviewingitasoneofthemostmimaryandnecessary

undertakingsofthemind,anirreplaceableactivityforthefo門nationofcitizensina

niodcrnanddemocraticsociety、asocietyoffreeindividuals.

6、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?

A^Womenreadlessthanmen.

B、Readingbecomesmoreandmorefcmale-ccntcrcd.

C、Mostliteratureaimsatwomen.

D^Women'scharacteristicsleadtotheirhobbyofreading.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)第一段第一句"Itseemsclearthatliteraturehasbecomemoreand

nioreafenialeactivity.”可知，B項(xiàng)正確0A項(xiàng)勺原文意思相反，根據(jù)第一段第三句

”...middle-classwomenreadmorebecause...”可知,應(yīng)把"more"換成"fbwer”；C項(xiàng)屬

無中生有；D項(xiàng)有一定迷惑性，但characlerislics一詞用得過于寬泛，文中也沒有

直接的信息可以推斷出是女人們的性格導(dǎo)致了她們讀書的喜好。

7、Theauthorconsidersiradiiionalexplanation.

A^logical

B、notconvincing

C、notinteresting

D、totallytrue

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：由題干關(guān)鍵證"explanation”定位至第一段第四句"Iamsomewhat

allergictoexplanationsthatdividemenandwomenintofrozencategoriesandattributeto

eachsexitscharacteristicvirtuesandshortcomings…”由此可見，作者不相信傳統(tǒng)的解

釋，即認(rèn)為傳統(tǒng)解釋沒有說服力，故選B。

8、TheauthorcitestheexampleofSpaininorderto.

A^explain(hereasonswhyliteratureismoreafemaleactivity

B、showwomenalwaysdevotethetimetofantasyandillusion

C^illustratethephenomenonthatliteratureismoreafemaleactivityexistinginnearly

eveiycountry

D、showhowilliteratetheSpanishpeopleare

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：由題干關(guān)鍵訶'Spain”定位至第二段前兩句叮hisisthecasealmost

everywhere.”這里的ihecase即指第一段第一句的內(nèi)容，因而選C項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)具有一

定的迷惑性，但是表述沒有C項(xiàng)全面；B項(xiàng)雖然在文中都有提及，但是和題干關(guān)系

不大；D項(xiàng)更非作者本意，故排除。

9、What'stheauthor,sattitudetowardsthepeoplewhodon'tread?

A、Pitiful.

B、Angry.

C、Agreeable.

D、Allergic.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：由題干關(guān)鍵說“whodorTtread”定位至第二段最后一句“…Ifeelsorry

forthesemen,andforthemillionsofhumanbeingswhocouldreadbuthavedecidednot

toread.”答案在第一段。其中“sorry”和“pitifiil”意思相近,故選A。D指的是作者

反感的是將男女生硬地區(qū)分對待的解釋，不合題意；B、C和這句話中所透露的作

者的態(tài)度相差太遠(yuǎn)，故排除。

10>hcanbeinferredfromPara.3that.

A^asocietywhichlacksliteratureisanidealsociety

B、ifasocietylacksliterature,(hefreedomcannotbeguaranteed

C、literatureisaluxurypastime

D、literatureisnotanecessityinademocraticsociety

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知以點(diǎn)解析：本題就第三段進(jìn)行提問。由該段中“…isasocietycondemned...to

jeopardizeitsfYeedom”可判斷，B是正確的。A不符合事實(shí)；由該段倒數(shù)第二行“as

oneofthemosl...mind”可知，讀書是一種基本需求，而不是奢侈的娛樂，故排除

C：由該段倒數(shù)第一、一.行"...anirreplaceableactivity...democraticsociety”可知，文

學(xué)對于民主社會來說是必需的，故排除D。

IntheUnitedStatestoday,nearlyhalfofusliveinareasthatwerefertoasthesuburbs.

Anydictionarywilldefinethesuburbsasthoseareas,usuallyresidential,thatlieoutside

citiesandtowns.But,formillionsofAmericansin(helastthirtyyears,(hesuburbshave

come(omeanmuchmorethan(hat.Forthosewhomovedtothedevelopingsuburbsafter

(heSecondWorldWar,(heyrepresentedanescapefromurbancongestiontoahomeof

one'sown—preferablyonewithanattachedtwo-cargarageonalittlehalf-acreoftree-

shadedland.Italsomeantdailycommunicationtoworkbyrailroadorexpressway,a

lawniomow,andamongagetopayoffoveriheyear.Nobodyapprovesoflifeinihe

suburbsbutthepeoplewholivethere.Urbancitiesarguethatsuburbanitesenjoyallthe

cultural,educational,andcommercialadvantagesthatcitiesofferwithoutpayingfor

them.Farmersworryaboutlosingtheirfarmstouncontrolledsuburbansprawl.The

suburbshavealsobeencriticizedforthemonotonoussamenessoftheirdesignandfor

theirabilitytoinsulatetheirinhabitantsfromtheproblemsoflargersocietyinwhichthey

live.Ontheotherhand,defendersofthesuburbsarguethatthelife-stylethattheyofferis

morevariedandmoreinclusivethanthecriticsadmit;therearcmanydifferentkindsof

suburbsandavarietyofpeoplelivinginthem.Whilethedevelopmentofthesuburbshas

createdproblems,italsohasprovidedsubstantialmodernhousingformillionsofpeople.

Suburbanlivingoffersthebestoftwoworlds—thecityandthecountry—atapricethat

manyarcabletoafford.Manypeoplewillalwayspreferthehecticpaceandexcitement

oflifeinthecity,whileotherswillwant(hemoretranquilpaceoflifeinthecountry.But,

forthoseineithercityorcountrywhoarewillingtocompromise,thesuburbsare

waiting.

11>Evidenceinthethirdparagraphsuggestedthat.

A^suburbanareasarefullydeveloped

B、farmersareunconcernedaboutsuburbansprawl

C、suburbaninhabitantsenjoyactivesociallifethere

D、educationalstandardsinthesuburbsarenotlowerthanthoseinthecities

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：由文章第三段可知，郊區(qū)居民也可以享用一切文化、教育和商業(yè)設(shè)

施，這說明他們各方面的生活水準(zhǔn)并不比城市居民低，而選項(xiàng)D所說的教育水準(zhǔn)

就是其中一個方面。

12、Thestrongestargumentagainstthesuburbsisthat.

A、suburbanitesenjoytheadvantagesofcitylifewhilepayingforthem

B、suburbsareallthesame

C、suburbsarefaraway

D、suburbshavealotofspace

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：由題干關(guān)鍵詞against可知，本題是對郊區(qū)生活的批評。文章第三段

第四句Thesuburbshavealsobeencriticizedforthemonotonoussamenessoftheir

designandfor(heirabilitytoinsulatetheirinhabiiamsfrom(heproblemsoflarger

societyinwhich(heylive.談到，郊區(qū)生活因其單調(diào)、千篇一律而受到批評。

13、Whatcanwelearnaboutthesuburbanlife?

A、Dailycominunicationdoesn'tcharacterizethesuburbanlife.

B、Suburbansloveapartmentliving.

C、Homeownershipisadreamforthesuburbans.

D、Mortgagepaymentfeaturesthesuburbanlife.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：文章第二段最后一句Italsomeantdailycommunicationtoworkby

railroadorexpressway,alawntomow,andamortgagetopayoffovertheyear.講

到了郊區(qū)生活的特點(diǎn)，其中就包括要償付住房貸款。

14、Whatcanwelearnfrom(hefourthparagraph?

A^Manydifferentkindsofpeopleliveinthesuburbs.

B、Thestyleofsuburbanlifeissimilartothatofurbanlife.

C、Suburbandevelopmenthasreducedmanyproblems.

D、Suburbandevelopmenthasdestroyedtheenvironment.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：從文章第四段可知郊區(qū)風(fēng)格各異，居民也是形形色色。

15、Thebesttitleforthispassageis.

A、BoringCommuters

B、HowtoPayoffaMortgage

C、LifeintheSuburbs

D、UrbanCongestion

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：本文講述了郊區(qū)生活的定義、特征和相關(guān)的爭議及其優(yōu)勢，因此把

“郊區(qū)生活”作為本文的題目最恰當(dāng)。

Itseemsclearthatliteraturehasbecomemoreandmoreafemaleactivity.Inbookstores,

atconferencesorpublicreadingsbywriters,andeveninuniversitydepartments

dedicatedtothehumanities,thewomenclearlyoutnumberthemen.Theexplanation

traditionallygivenisthatmiddle-classwomenreadmorebecausetheyworkfewerhours

thanmen,andsomanyofthemfeelthattheycanjustifymoreeasilythanmenthetime

thattheydevotetofantasyandillusion.Iamsomewhatallergictoexplanationsthat

dividemenandwomenintofrozencategoriesandattributetoeachsexitscharacteristic

virtuesandshortcomings;butthereisnodoubtthattherearcfewerandfewerreadersof

literature,and(halamongthesavingremnanl(剩余)ofreaderswomenpredominate.This

isthecasealmosteverywhere.InSpain,forexample,arecentsurveyorganizedbythe

GeneralSocietyofSpanishWritersrevealedthathalfofthatcountry'spopulationhas

neverreadabook.Thesurveyalsorevealedthatintheminoritythatdoesread,the

numberofwoincnwhoadinilludtoreadingsurpassesthenuii.bcrofmenby6.2pcruuiil,

adifferencethatappearstobeincreasing.Iamhappyforthesewomen,butIfeelsorry

forthesemen,andfor(hemillionsofhumanbeingswhocouldreadbuthavedecidednot

toread.Theyearnmypitynotonlybecausetheyareunawareofthepleasurethattheyare

missing,butalsobecauseIanconvincedthatasocietywithoutliterature,orasocietyin

whichliteraturehasbeenrelegated—likesonichiddenvice-tothemarginsofsocialand

personallife,isasocietycondemnedtobecomespirituallybarbaric,andevento

jeopardize(破壞)itsfreedom.Iwishtoofferafewargumentsagainsttheideaof

literatureasaluxurypastime,andinfavorofviewingitasoneofthemostprimaryand

necessaryundertakingsofthemind,anirreplaceableactivityfortheformationofcitizens

inamodernanddemocraticsociety,asocietyoffreeindividuals.

16、According(o(hepassage,which01thefollowingstatementistrue?

A、Womenreadlessthanmen.

B、Readingbecomesmoreandmorefemale-centered.

C、Mostliteratureaimsatwomen.

D、Women'scharacteristicsleadtotheirhobbyofreading.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)第一段第一句"Itscctnsclearthatliteraturehasbecomeinorcand

moreafemaleactivity.”可知，B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)與原文意思相反，根據(jù)第一段第三

句”...middle—classwomenreadmorebecause...”可知，應(yīng)把“more”換成“fewer"；C

項(xiàng)屬無中生有；D項(xiàng)有一定迷惑性，但characteristics一詞用得過于寬泛，文中也

沒有直接的信息可以推斷出是女人們的性格導(dǎo)致了她們讀書的喜好。

17、Theauthorconsiderstraditionalexplanation.

A、logical

B、notconvincing

C、notinteresting

D^totallytrue

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：由題干關(guān)鍵詞"explanation”定位至第一段第四句"Iamsomewhat

allergictoexplanationsthatdividemenandwomenintofrozencategoriesandattributeto

eachsexitscharacteristicvirtuesandshortcomings…''由此可見，作者不相信傳統(tǒng)的解

釋，即認(rèn)為傳統(tǒng)解釋沒有說服力，故選B。

18、TheauthorcitestheexampleofSpaininorderto.

A^explainthereasonswhyliteratureismoreafemaleactivity

B、showwomenalwaysdevote(hetimetofantasyandillusion

C、illustratethephenomenonthatliteratureismoreafemaleactivityexistinginnearly

everycountry

D、showhowilliteratetheSpanishpeopleare

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Spain”定位至第二段前兩句"Thisisthecasealmost

everywhere.”這里的Ihecase即指第一段第一句的內(nèi)容，因而選C項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)具有一

定的迷惑性，但是表述沒有C項(xiàng)全面：B項(xiàng)雖然在文中都有提及，但是和題干關(guān)系

不大；D項(xiàng)更非作者本意，故排除。

19、What'stheauthor^attitudetowardsthepeoplewhodon'tread?

A、Pitiful.

B、Angry.

C、Agreeable.

D、Allergic.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：由題干關(guān)鍵詞“whodon,tread”定位至第二段最后一句“…1feelsorry

forthesemen?andforthemillionsofhumanbeingswhocouldreadbuthavedecided

notioread.”答案在第一段。其中“sorry”和“pitiful”意思相近，故選A。D指的是作

者反感的是將男女生硬地區(qū)分對待的解釋，不合題意；B、C和這句話中所透露的

作者的態(tài)度相差太遠(yuǎn)，故排除。

2。、ItcanbeinferredfromPara.3that.

A^asocietywhichlacksliteratureisanidealsociety

B、ifasocietylacksliterature,thefreedomcannotbeguaranteed

C、literatureisaluxurypastime

literatureisnotanecessityinademocraticsociety

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：本題就第三段進(jìn)行提問。由該段中“…isasocietycondemned…lo

jeopardizeitsfreedom”可判斷，B是正確的。A不符合事實(shí);由該段倒數(shù)第二行“as

uiicofllicmosl...iiiiiid''RT?讀書是種基本需求，而不是奢侈的娛樂，故排除

C；由該段倒數(shù)第一、二行”...anirreplaceableactivity…democralicsociety”可知，文

學(xué)對于民主社會來說是必需的，故排除D。

Somepessimisticexpertsfeelthattheautomobileisboundtofallintodisuse.Theyseea

dayinthenot-too-distantfuturewhenallautoswillbeabandonedandallowedtorust.

Otherauthorities,however,thinktheautoisheretostay.Theyholdthatthecarwill

remainaleadingmeansofurbantravelintheforeseeablefuture.Themotorcarwill

undoubtedlychangesignificantlyoverthenext30years.Itshouldbecomesmaller,safer,

andmoreeconomical,andshouldnotbepoweredbythegasolineengine.Thecarofthe

futureshouldbefarmorepollution-freethanpresenttypes.Regardlessofitspower

source,theautointhefuturewillstillbethemainprobleminurbantrafficcongestion（擁

擠）.Oneproposedsolutiontcthisproblemistheautomatedhighwaysystem.Whenthe

autoentersthehighwaysystem,aretractable（可伸縮的）annwilldropfromtheautoand

makecontactwitharail,whichissimilartothosepoweringsubwaytrainselectrically.

Onceattachedtotherail,thecarwillbecomeelectricallypoweredfromthesystem,and

controlofthevehiclewillpasstoa