托福閱讀詞匯題一定注意因果關(guān)系

360教育集團為大家?guī)砹送懈ｉ喿x詞匯題應(yīng)對技巧，供考生們參考使用。1.并列信息Example:OGPracticeSet5,question3Passage3:…Absenteeismandlatenesshurtproductivityandsinceworkwasspecialized,disruptedtheregularfactoryroutine.Industrializationnotonlyproducedafundamentalchangeinthewayworkwasorganized;ittransformedtheverynatureofwork.Theworddisruptedinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto○prolonged○established○followed○upset解析：disrupt在的文章句子中出現(xiàn)and連接的并列信息hurt,根據(jù)這一并列信息，我們可以得出disrupt在此句中的意思為upset。2.因果關(guān)系Example:OGPracticeSet6,question1Passage1:…Feeding,courtship,preproduction,andeven“rest”arecarriedoutwhileinconstantmotion.Asaresult,practicallyeveryaspectofthebodyformandfunctionoftheseswimming“machines”isadaptedtoenhancetheirabilitytoswim.Thewordenhanceinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto○use○improve○counteract○balance解析：enhance在的文章句子中出現(xiàn)表示因果關(guān)系的短語asaresult,根據(jù)前一句中的原因，我們可以得出enhance在此句中的意思為improve。5.連詞orExample:OGTheEXPRESSIONOFEMOTIONSquestion1Passage1:Joyandsadnessareexperiencedbypeopleinallculturesaroundtheworld,buthowcanwetellwhenotherpeoplearehappyordespondent?Itturnsoutthattheexpressionofmanyemotionsmayeuniversal…Theworddespondentinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto○curious○unhappy○thoughtful○uncertain解析：despondent所在的文章句子中出現(xiàn)疑問句，疑問句中的連詞or表示選擇，因此我們可以得出despondent在此句中的意思為unhappy?！顢?shù)字/時間Example:OGPracticeSet3,question11Passage6:Withtheadventofprojection,theviewer’srelationshipwiththeimagewasnolongerprivate,asithadbeenwithearlierpeepshowdevicessuchastheKinetoscopeandtheMutoscope,whichwasasimilarmachinethatreproducedmotionbymeansofsuccessiveimagesonindividualphotographiccardsinsteadofstripsofcelluloid.Itsuddenlybecamepublic–anexperiencethattheviewersharedwithdozens,score,andevenhundredsofothers.Atthesametime,theimagethatthespectatorlookedatexpandedfromtheminusculepeepshowdimensionsof1or2inches(inheight)tothelife-sizeproportionsof6or9feet.Thewordexpandedinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto○wasenlarged○wasimproved○wasvaried○wasrejected解析：expanded所在的文章句子中出現(xiàn)從“1or2inches”到“6or9feet”,因此我們可以輕而易舉得出expanded在文章中上下文意思為wasenlarged?！顦?biāo)點線索Example:OGPracticeSet3,question4Passage3:Exhibitors,however,wantedtomaximizetheirprofits,whichtheycoulddomorereadilybyprojectingahandfuloffilmstohundredsofcustomersatatime(ratherthanoneatatime)andbycharging25to50centsadmission…Thewordreadilyinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto○frequently○easily○intelligently○obviously解析：readily在的文章句子中出現(xiàn)表示附加或補充信息的圓括號(),根據(jù)圓括號中的內(nèi)容，我們可以得出readily在此句中的意思為easily?！顦?gòu)詞法根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法，單詞的結(jié)構(gòu)有三部分：前綴(prefixes)，詞干(stems)和后綴(suffixes)。詞干是單詞的構(gòu)成基礎(chǔ)，前綴和后綴則分別加在詞干的前面和后面，從而改變單詞的詞性和含義。而前綴、后綴和詞干都有其固定含義，因此根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法，我們就可以利用其固定含義來判斷生詞的意思。Example:OGNINETEENTH-CENTURYPOLITICSINTHEUNITEDSTATESPassage1:…Duringhisadministrationheimmeasurablyenlargedthepowerofthepresidency…Thewordimmeasurablyinthepassageisclosestinmeanin