2024-2025學(xué)年河南省駐馬店市高三上學(xué)期1月期末考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試題PAGEPAGE1河南省駐馬店市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AMonet’sGardenatGivernyDaysAndTimeMonet’sGardenwelcomesvisitorseverydayincludingpublicholidaysfrom9:30amto6pmfromMarch29ththroughNovember1st.AdmissionTicketsMonet’sGardenticketsareforsaleforthe2025seasonatthefollowingrate:Normalfare:€13.00.Seniorsandstudents:€8.50.Disabled:€7.50.Childrenunder7:freeofcharge.PrivateGuidedTours·Duration:around1.5hours.·PrivatetoursaregiveninEnglish,French,SpanishorGerman.·Guidedtourfees:€220.00foryourparty+admissiontickets.TheTwoGardensTherearetwopartsinMonet’sGarden:aflowergardencalledClosNormandinfrontofthehouseandaJapaneseinspiredwatergardenontheothersideoftheroad.TheClosNormand:WhenMonetandhisfamilysettledinGivernyin1883,thepieceoflandstretchingdownfromthehousetotheroadwasanorchard（果園）enclosedbyhighstonewalls.Monetturneditintoagardenfullofflowersofdifferentcolors.Thewatergarden:In1893,Monetboughtaneighbouringpieceoflandontheothersideoftherailway.Hehadthefirstsmallponddug;lateronthepondwasenlargedtoitspresent-daysize.Inthiswatergarden,youwillfindthefamousJapanesebridgecoveredwithwisteria.500,000visitorsdiscoverMonet’sGardeneachyearduringthesevenmonthsthatitisopen.Takingpicturesispermittedinthegarden,butonlyfromthewalkways.Picnicsareforbidden.Dogsandotherpetsarenotadmitted.1.Howmuchshould2teacherswith20preschoolerspayforaguidedtour?A.€196.00. B.€220.00. C.€246.00. D.€416.00.2.Whatarevisitorsinformedaboutthetwogardens?A.Theyareseparatedbyapond.B.Theywerefirstconstructedin1883.C.ClosNormandusedtobeavegetablegarden.D.ThewatergardenfeaturesaJapanesebridge.3.WhatcanvisitorsdoinMonet’sGarden?A.Visititallyearround. B.Enjoymealsbythepond.C.Takephotosfromthepaths. D.Bringpetsintothegarden.【答案】1.C2.D3.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了莫奈花園的開放時間、門票價格、私人導(dǎo)游服務(wù)、花園簡介以及參觀須知?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“PrivateGuidedTours”部分中的“Guidedtourfees:€220.00foryourparty+admissiontickets.(導(dǎo)游費：220歐元，為您的團(tuán)隊加上門票。)”以及“AdmissionTickets”部分中的“Normalfare:€13.00.(正常票價：13.00歐元。)”以及“Childrenunder7:freeofcharge.(7歲以下兒童：免費。)”可知，導(dǎo)游費220歐元，兩位老師需要支付門票費用為13×2=26歐元，學(xué)齡前兒童免費。則兩位老師和20名學(xué)齡前兒童參加導(dǎo)游服務(wù)需要支付220+26=246歐元。故選C項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thewatergarden”部分中的“Inthiswatergarden,youwillfindthefamousJapanesebridgecoveredwithwisteria.(在這個水花園里，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)著名的被紫藤覆蓋的日本橋。)”可知，游客被告知水花園有一座日本橋，是著名的日本風(fēng)格的拱橋。故選D項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Takingpicturesispermittedinthegarden,butonlyfromthewalkways.(在花園里可以拍照，但只能在人行道上。)”可知，游客可以在莫奈花園的人行道上拍照。故選C項。BForthreedecades,Camilleri,aCanadianfashiondesigner,hadmadeanameforherselfdressingA-listers.Herbeautiful,delicatestylesfromleather,toeveningwear,tocustomothershowedinthecoversofthehottestmagazines.ButwhenTurnbull—awell-knownjournalistandwheelchairusersinceaterribleaccidentleftherquadriplegic(四肢癱瘓者)in1983—approachedhertodesignstylish,comfortableclothestofitherbodythroughtheseasons,Camillerirealizedherrealcallingwastohelpbringfashiontoacompletelyunder-servedcommunity.“IhadnoideathatsomeoneinachairhadanydifferentclothingneedsthanyouorI,”saysthedesigner.“Theworldwasmymarketbecausenobodyhadeverdonethisbefore.”In2004Camilleriopenedaboutique(精品店)speciallyforpeoplewhousewheelchairs.“Everythingwedo,thestartingpointisfromaseatedframe.Sowhathappenswhenyou’resitting?Whathappenstotheclothes?Wherearetheygettingtogether?”Camilleriexplains.“Weliterallyhadtorecreatethepatternstoaccommodateaseatedframe.”Hercustomcreationshavechangedlives.Winkelaarhasbeeninawheelchairsinceacaraccidenttwoweeksbeforehisfourthbirthday.UntilhemetCamilleri,helackedconfidenceinhisappearanceandwasafraidofenteringtheclothingstoresbecausehehadtroublefindingtrousersthatfitproperly.Salahhasspasticcerebralpalsy(痙攣性腦癱).Shesaysclothingstoresarealwaysdauntingplacesfullofpiecesoutofreach.Salahsaysshecarriesherselfdifferentlynowandsheismoreconfidentinherappearance.Beingabletohaveaccesstofashionablefunctionalclothinggivesheralotofdignity.“Camilleri’spiecesarenowpartofanexhibitattheRoyalOntarioMuseum,andhersuccessinanewraremarkethasnotgoneunnoticedinthemainstreamfashionworld.Sheisatrulybrillianttechnician.Sheputsfashionandconfidencewithinreachofthedisabled,”CanadiantelevisionpersonalityandfashioncriticJeanneBekersays.4.WhatdrivesCamilleritoopenaboutique?A.Seekingfame. B.Makingaprofit.C.Providingservice. D.Meetingachallenge.5.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“daunting”inparagraph4?A.Inspiring. B.Frightening. C.Striking. D.Comforting.6.WhatmessagedoesBekerwanttoconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Camilleriisahighlyoriginalthinker.B.Camilleriisaproductivemarketadvisor.C.Camilleriisacriticaltechnicianleader.D.Camilleriisasuccessfulfashioninnovator.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeCamilleri?A.Caringandvisionary. B.Ambitiousandhardworking.C.Creativeandstubborn. D.Determinedandconventional.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了加拿大時裝設(shè)計師卡米列里為四肢癱瘓者等行動不便者設(shè)計時尚舒適的衣服，并開設(shè)精品店，改變了他們的生活，在主流時尚界也獲得了認(rèn)可。【4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“ButwhenTurnbull—awell-knownjournalistandwheelchairusersinceaterribleaccidentleftherquadriplegic(四肢癱瘓者)in1983—approachedhertodesignstylish,comfortableclothestofitherbodythroughtheseasons,Camillerirealizedherrealcallingwastohelpbringfashiontoacompletelyunder-servedcommunity.(但是，當(dāng)特恩布爾——一位著名的記者，自1983年一場可怕的事故導(dǎo)致她四肢癱瘓后一直使用輪椅——找到她，讓她設(shè)計時尚、舒適的衣服，以適應(yīng)她一年四季的身體變化時，卡米列里意識到她真正的使命是幫助把時尚帶給一個完全沒有得到充分服務(wù)的群體。)”可知，是特恩布爾讓卡米列里意識到了四肢癱瘓者等行動不便者對服裝有特殊需求，并且這個市場是空白的，所以她決定為他們提供服務(wù)，開一家精品店。故選C?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Salahhasspasticcerebralpalsy(痙攣性腦癱).(薩拉(Salah)患有痙攣性腦癱。)”和下文“Salahsaysshecarriesherselfdifferentlynowandsheismoreconfidentinherappearance.Beingabletohaveaccesstofashionablefunctionalclothinggivesheralotofdignity.(薩拉表示，現(xiàn)在的她舉止不同了，對自己的外表也更有自信。能夠穿上既時尚又實用的衣服，讓她感受到了極大的尊嚴(yán)?！?”可知，之前服裝店總是Salah她感到畏懼，因為那里的衣服總是高高掛起，遙不可及。由此可知，daunting意為“令人畏懼的，令人害怕的”。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Camilleri’spiecesarenowpartofanexhibitattheRoyalOntarioMuseum,andhersuccessinanewraremarkethasnotgoneunnoticedinthemainstreamfashionworld.Sheisatrulybrillianttechnician.Sheputsfashionandconfidencewithinreachofthedisabled.(卡米列里的作品現(xiàn)在是安大略皇家博物館展覽的一部分，她在新的稀有市場上的成功在主流時尚界也并非沒有被注意到。她是一位真正才華橫溢的技術(shù)人員。她讓殘疾人也能夠接觸到時尚和自信。)”可知，貝克爾想表達(dá)的是卡米列里在時尚界取得了成功，是一位成功的時尚創(chuàng)新者。故選D。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“ButwhenTurnbull

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awell-knownjournalistandwheelchairusersinceaterribleaccidentleftherquadriplegic(四肢癱瘓者)in1983

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approachedhertodesignstylish,comfortableclothestofitherbodythroughtheseasons,Camillerirealizedherrealcallingwastohelpbringfashiontoacompletelyunder-servedcommunity.(但當(dāng)特恩布爾Turnbull)——一位自1983年一場可怕的事故導(dǎo)致她四肢癱瘓后便一直使用輪椅的知名記者——找到卡米萊里，希望她能為自己設(shè)計一些既時尚又舒適、能適應(yīng)四季變化的衣服時，卡米萊里意識到自己真正的使命是幫助這個長期被忽視的群體接觸時尚。)”以及“In2004Camilleriopenedaboutique(精品店)speciallyforpeoplewhousewheelchairs.(2004年，卡米萊里開了一家精品店，專門為使用輪椅的人服務(wù)。)”可知，她為四肢癱瘓者等行動不便者設(shè)計時尚舒適的衣服，并開設(shè)精品店，改變了他們的生活，由此可知，她是一個有愛心的人；根據(jù)第二段“Theworldwasmymarketbecausenobodyhadeverdonethisbefore.(整個世界都是我的市場，因為從來沒有人做過這件事。)”可知，她看到了這個市場是空白的，所以她決定開一家精品店，這說明她是一個有遠(yuǎn)見的人。故選A。CAgroupofgiraffesmoveselegantlyacrossawide-openKenyanplain.Theirlongnecksstretchhigh,swinginggentlywitheachgracefulstep.Thesunbathesthelandscapeinagoldencolour,castinglongshadowsoverthegrass.Inthedistance,thesnow-cappedMountKilimanjarorisesgrandlyagainstthesky.Whathasledtogiraffes’extraordinaryshape?AccordingtoCharlesDarwin,theneckof1.8mbenefitsthembyallowingthemtoout-reachshorter-neckedcompetitorstofeedongreenleavesintalltrees;ithasbecomeaclassicexampleofevolutionary(進(jìn)化)theory.ButtheresearchfromEastAfricashowedthattallgiraffesfrequentlyfeedfromlow-growingbushesandeatfasterandmoreregularlyatlowheights.ThisisasurpriseforDarwin’sfeedingcompetitionidea.Giraffesinvestalotinneckgrowth.Malescontinuetogrowtheirnecksintooldage(about28),wellpastthetimefemalesstop(aroundtheageof8).Atlast,maleshavelongandstrongnecks,whichtheyusetoshowoffbeforefemalesaswellasfightagainstenemies.Itseemsthattheirnecksaremorenotablyusedasweaponsthanforfeeding.Istheneckaresultofevolution?Theanswershoulddatebacktotheirancestors.In2022,agroupofexpertsledbyaChinesebiologistuncoveredoneofthesmallestknowngiraffefossils.Thisancientanimal,standingabout1.2mtall,showedashortbutstrengthenedneckandahornedhead.Thatwastheearliestknownshapeofgiraffeseverfound.Theylivedsome16.9millionyearsago!Today’sgiraffesaremuchlarger,withneckslongerandhornsdramaticallyreduced.Withtheneckstheycannotonlyeathigherandlower,spotdangerearlier,butfightwithmorepower.Theseallcontributetotheirsurvival.Darwinisright.Watchingthegiraffesgracefullywanderacrosstheplain,Iamonceagaininaweofthenaturalbeautyshapedbythepowerofnaturalselection.8.WhatisthepurposeofmentioningtheresearchfromEastAfrica?A.Todoubtanestablishedtheory. B.Toofferanadditionalexample.C.Toadvocateforcommonsense. D.Tosupportaquestionedbelief.9.Whatdoestheauthoraimtostressaboutgiraffes’neckgrowinginparagraph3?A.Theadvantageofthemales. B.Theimportanceforsurvival.C.Therelationwiththeirages. D.Thedifferencebetweengenders.10.Whatisnowtheauthor’sattitudetowardsDarwin’stheory?A.Heiswellconvinced. B.Heisdisapproving.C.Heismoretolerant. D.Heisstillcautious.11.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AnExceptiontoDarwin’sTheory.B.GiraffesandTheirNeckCompetition.C.TheProblemofGiraffeEvolution.D.Nature’sPerfectDesignforGiraffes.【答案】8.A9.B10.A11.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹長頸鹿頸部進(jìn)化之謎，探討其頸部增長與生存策略、性別差異之間的關(guān)系，以及達(dá)爾文進(jìn)化論在此中的體現(xiàn)與挑戰(zhàn)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“AccordingtoCharlesDarwin,theneckof1.8mbenefitsthembyallowingthemtoout-reachshorter-neckedcompetitorstofeedongreenleavesintalltrees;ithasbecomeaclassicexampleofevolutionary(進(jìn)化)theory.ButtheresearchfromEastAfricashowedthattallgiraffesfrequentlyfeedfromlow-growingbushesandeatfasterandmoreregularlyatlowheights.ThisisasurpriseforDarwin’sfeedingcompetitionidea.(根據(jù)查爾斯·達(dá)爾文的觀點，1.8米長的脖子讓長頸鹿在覓食高樹綠葉時比短脖子的競爭者更有優(yōu)勢；這已成為進(jìn)化論的一個經(jīng)典例證。但東非的研究顯示，高大的長頸鹿經(jīng)常從低矮灌木中覓食，而且在低處進(jìn)食更快、更頻繁。這對于達(dá)爾文的覓食競爭理論來說是一個意外。)”可知，東非的研究結(jié)果顯示，高大的長頸鹿經(jīng)常從矮灌木上覓食，并且在低高度吃得更快、更頻繁，這與達(dá)爾文的進(jìn)食競爭理論相矛盾。因此，提到東非的研究是為了質(zhì)疑已建立的理論。故選A項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Giraffesinvestalotinneckgrowth.Malescontinuetogrowtheirnecksintooldage(about28),wellpastthetimefemalesstop(aroundtheageof8).Atlast,maleshavelongandstrongnecks,whichtheyusetoshowoffbeforefemalesaswellasfightagainstenemies.Itseemsthattheirnecksaremorenotablyusedasweaponsthanforfeeding.(長頸鹿在頸部生長上投入很多。雄性持續(xù)生長頸部直至老年（約28歲），遠(yuǎn)超雌性停止生長的時間（約8歲）。最后，雄性擁有長而強(qiáng)壯的頸部，它們用頸部在雌性面前展示，并與敵人戰(zhàn)斗。似乎它們的頸部更多是用作武器，而非用來進(jìn)食。)”可知，長頸鹿在脖子的生長上投入了很多，雄性長頸鹿的脖子不僅長而且強(qiáng)壯，它們用脖子在雌性面前炫耀以及對抗敵人。這表明，長脖子對長頸鹿的生存非常重要。因此，作者在第三段中強(qiáng)調(diào)了長脖子對長頸鹿生存的重要性。故選B項?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Withtheneckstheycannotonlyeathigherandlower,spotdangerearlier,butfightwithmorepower.Theseallcontributetotheirsurvival.Darwinisright.Watchingthegiraffesgracefullywanderacrosstheplain,Iamonceagaininaweofthenaturalbeautyshapedbythepowerofnaturalselection.(有了長頸，它們不僅能吃到更高和更低處的食物，還能更早發(fā)現(xiàn)危險，并且更有力量戰(zhàn)斗。這些全都有助于它們的生存。達(dá)爾文是對的?？粗L頸鹿優(yōu)雅地漫步在平原上，我再次對自然選擇塑造的自然之美感到敬畏。)”可知，長脖子使長頸鹿能夠吃更高和更低的食物，更早發(fā)現(xiàn)危險，并且以更大的力量戰(zhàn)斗，這些都有助于它們的生存。作者認(rèn)為達(dá)爾文是對的，并對自然選擇塑造的自然之美感到敬畏。因此，作者對達(dá)爾文理論的態(tài)度是完全信服的。故選A項?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Agroupofgiraffesmoveselegantlyacrossawide-openKenyanplain.Theirlongnecksstretchhigh,swinginggentlywitheachgracefulstep.Thesunbathesthelandscapeinagoldencolour,castinglongshadowsoverthegrass.Inthedistance,thesnow-cappedMountKilimanjarorisesgrandlyagainstthesky.(一群長頸鹿優(yōu)雅地行進(jìn)在開闊的肯尼亞平原上。它們的長脖子高高伸起，隨著每一步優(yōu)雅的步伐輕輕擺動。陽光給這片風(fēng)景鍍上一層金色，在草地上投下長長的影子。遠(yuǎn)處，戴著雪冠的乞力馬扎羅山在天空下雄偉地聳立著。)”、第二段“AccordingtoCharlesDarwin,theneckof1.8mbenefitsthembyallowingthemtoout-reachshorter-neckedcompetitorstofeedongreenleavesintalltrees;ithasbecomeaclassicexampleofevolutionary(進(jìn)化)theory.ButtheresearchfromEastAfricashowedthattallgiraffesfrequentlyfeedfromlow-growingbushesandeatfasterandmoreregularlyatlowheights.ThisisasurpriseforDarwin’sfeedingcompetitionidea.(根據(jù)查爾斯·達(dá)爾文的觀點，1.8米長的脖子讓長頸鹿在覓食高樹綠葉時比短脖子的競爭者更有優(yōu)勢；這已成為進(jìn)化論的一個經(jīng)典例證。但東非的研究顯示，高大的長頸鹿經(jīng)常從低矮灌木中覓食，而且在低處進(jìn)食更快、更頻繁。這對于達(dá)爾文的覓食競爭理論來說是一個意外。)”以及最后一段“Withtheneckstheycannotonlyeathigherandlower,spotdangerearlier,butfightwithmorepower.Theseallcontributetotheirsurvival.Darwinisright.Watchingthegiraffesgracefullywanderacrosstheplain,Iamonceagaininaweofthenaturalbeautyshapedbythepowerofnaturalselection.(有了長頸，它們不僅能吃到更高和更低處的食物，還能更早發(fā)現(xiàn)危險，并且更有力量戰(zhàn)斗。這些全都有助于它們的生存。達(dá)爾文是對的?？粗L頸鹿優(yōu)雅地漫步在平原上，我再次對自然選擇塑造的自然之美感到敬畏。)”可知，本文主要介紹了長頸鹿的長脖子是如何形成的，以及長脖子對長頸鹿生存的貢獻(xiàn)。文章提到了達(dá)爾文的進(jìn)化理論，并通過東非的研究結(jié)果和長頸鹿祖先的化石發(fā)現(xiàn)，進(jìn)一步探討了長脖子的進(jìn)化過程。所以D項Nature’sPerfectDesignforGiraffes(自然對長頸鹿的完美設(shè)計)表達(dá)的含義與本文主旨相符，適合用作本文標(biāo)題。故選D項。DHumorplaysagreatroleinhelpingonedealwithstress,anger,fear,anxietyandotherdifficultemotions.Sometimes,thatmeanspurposefullyshoringupdefensesagainsthardtimestocome.Othertimesitcanmeanlaughingwhenyouwanttocry,orcrackinganillogicaljokewhenitfeelsliketheskyisfallingandEarthisonfire.Topsychologists,humorisanunconsciouscopingmechanism,akindofstrategicbehaviororthought.Notallofthesestrategiesarebeneficial:Drinkingorovereating,forexample,aremoredangerouscopingmechanisms,whereashumortapscreativityintostress,whichcanenableaviewpointshiftandblockdistressingemotions.Andofcourse,there’sthephysicalreactionofhumor:laughter.Withitcomesbetterbreathing,musclerelaxationandahigherpaintolerance.“Thestressisthere;youjustdon’tfeelitasmuch,”sayspsychologistSultanoff.Ofcourse,humorisn’tfoolproof:Makingthewrongjokeinthewrongwayisjustaslikelytoincreasestressanddisconnection.Mean-spiritedordisparaging(貶低的)humoractuallycausespeopletobefurtherapartandincreasesdivision.“Humorcanariseduringstresswithoutcauseorefforttomakeit.Buthumorcanalsobeplayedconsciously,”Sultanoffsays,addingthathesometimestravelswithaclownnosetofindfuninlife’severydayroutine.“Joyfuluseofhumorbuildspsychologicalantibodies(抗體),”hesays.Buttakingupthepowerofhumordoesn’tmeanignoringthenegatives.Thepointisnottoneverfeeldifficultemotions.“Stressisthereforareason,andit’stocallyourattentiontoaproblemthatneedstobesolved,”Sultanoffsays.“Whenyouexperienceanegativeemotionlikesadnessorangerorfrustration,it’simportanttorecognizewhythat’sthere.”Turningtohumortoosoonmaypreventsomeonefromprocessingemotionsinahealthyway,increasingstressratherthandecreasingit.“Byexpressinghumoryougiveyourselfabreak.Andweallneedalittlebreak,”Sultanoffsays.12.Howishumorhelpfulasacopingmechanism?A.Itpreventshardtimescoming. B.Itmeansanemotionalrelease.C.Itgeneratespositivemindsets. D.Itinspiresartisticcreativity.13.Whydoestheauthortalkaboutlaughter?A.Tocorrectamisunderstanding. B.Toillustrateaneffectofhumor.C.Todistinguishhumorfromit. D.Towarnthedangerofstress.14.Whichofthefollowingiscalleddisparaginghumorinparagraph4?A.Makingyourfriendlookstupid. B.Tellingastoryinafunnyway.C.Wearingclownclothesataparty. D.Laughingatyourownmistakes.15.WhatdoesSultanoffthinkofadifficultemotion?A.It’ssomethingweshouldavoid. B.It’sareminderofourproblems.C.Itdrawsourattentiontohumor. D.Itgivesusabreakfromroutine.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章討論了幽默的作用，然后進(jìn)一步從心理學(xué)家的角度來看幽默是在哪個層面上發(fā)揮作用?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Drinkingorovereating,forexample,aremoredangerouscopingmechanisms,whereashumortapscreativityintostress,whichcanenableaviewpointshiftandblockdistressingemotions.(例如，飲酒或暴飲暴食是更危險的應(yīng)對機(jī)制，而幽默則能夠?qū)?chuàng)造力融入壓力之中，這可能會帶來視角的轉(zhuǎn)變，并阻斷痛苦的情緒)”可知，幽默可以改變看問題的視角，抑制令人痛苦的情緒。由此推知，幽默的作用主要是樹立積極的心態(tài)。故選C項。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Withitcomesbetterbreathing,musclerelaxationandahigherpaintolerance.(隨之而來的是更順暢的呼吸、肌肉放松以及更高的疼痛耐受性)”可推知，作者本段談到laughter的積極作用，是為了進(jìn)一步闡述幽默的積極作用。故選B項?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Ofcourse,humorisn’tfoolproof:Makingthewrongjokeinthewrongwayisjustaslikelytoincreasestressanddisconnection.Mean-spiritedordisparaging(貶低的)humoractuallycausespeopletobefurtherapartandincreasesdivision.(當(dāng)然，幽默并不是萬能的：在錯誤的時機(jī)講錯誤的笑話，同樣可能增加壓力和疏離感。帶有惡意或貶損性的幽默實際上會導(dǎo)致人們之間的距離進(jìn)一步拉大，并加劇分裂)”可推知，讓你的朋友看起來很蠢是一種貶低性幽默。故選A項。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whenyouexperienceanegativeemotionlikesadnessorangerorfrustration,it’simportanttorecognizewhythat’sthere.(當(dāng)你體驗到悲傷、憤怒或挫敗感等負(fù)面情緒時，重要的是要認(rèn)識到這些情緒產(chǎn)生的原因)”可推知，Sultanof認(rèn)為，difficultemotions讓我們認(rèn)識到我們的問題，這就是difficultemotions的價值。故選B項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Itisfartoocommonthatpeoplearecaughtoffguardbyasnowstormorsomeotherattacksofwintryweather.Snowstormscanleadanyonetolife-threateningsituations,especiallyifonegetsstuckoutsideforextendedperiods.____16____Ifyou’redrivingtoaplacewheresnowstormsmighthappen,havingtherightclothingiscrucial.TheRedCrosssays,“Wearlayeredclothing,gloves,andahat.____17____”Evenifitdoesn’tlookthatcoldorthreateningwhenyoudepart,bringalongenoughwarmclothingincaseweatherchangesunexpectedly.____18____Initshouldbeasurvivalblanket,roadsalt,ashovel,aflashlight,andacellphonecharger.Checkthetirepressureandgas,andbringalongenoughfoodandwater.Iftheweatherbecomessevere,moveyourcartotheclosestgasstationorhotel.____19____Ifyourcargetsstuckinthesnowbutconditionsaresafeenough,usetheshovelinthekittodigthetireoutandthesalttomeltthesnow.Ifthisdoesnotwork,callforemergencyservices.____20____Never,neverwalkforhelpduringasnowstorm.Stayinthevehicle,runthemotorforabout10minuteseachhourforheat.Conserveyourenergyandrationanyfoodorwateryouhave.Staycalm,andbelievethattherescuersareontheway.A.Ifthere’snonenearby,justpullover.B.Openthewindowacrackforfreshair.C.Theywillpreventthelossofbodyheat.D.Undernocircumstanceshouldyouleaveyourvehicle.E.Makesureyouhaveafullystockedsafetykitinyourcar.F.Then,whatshouldwedoifunfortunatelystuckinasnowstorm?G.So,whatprotectivemeasuresshallwetaketopreventthedanger?【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.A20.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在暴風(fēng)雪中應(yīng)該采取的防護(hù)措施。【16題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Snowstormscanleadanyonetolife-threateningsituations,especiallyifonegetsstuckoutsideforextendedperiods.(暴風(fēng)雪會讓任何人陷入危及生命的境地，尤其是當(dāng)一個人長時間被困在外面時)”和下文介紹了一些在暴風(fēng)雪中可以采取的防護(hù)措施可知，此處起到承上啟下的作用，需要提出一個問題，即我們應(yīng)該怎么做來防止這種危險的發(fā)生。選項G“那么，我們應(yīng)該采取什么保護(hù)措施來防止危險呢?”符合語境。故選G?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Wearlayeredclothing,gloves,andahat.(穿多層的衣服，戴上手套和帽子)”和下文“Evenifitdoesn’tlookthatcoldorthreateningwhenyoudepart,bringalongenoughwarmclothingincaseweatherchangesunexpectedly.(即使你出發(fā)的時候看起來并不那么冷，也不那么嚇人，也要帶上足夠的保暖衣物，以防天氣突然變化。)”可知，此處介紹穿多層衣服，戴手套和帽子的目的是為了防止身體熱量的散失。選項C“它們可以防止身體熱量散失”符合語境。故選C。【18題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Initshouldbeasurvivalblanket,roadsalt,ashovel,aflashlight,andacellphonecharger.Checkthetirepressureandgas,andbringalongenoughfoodandwater.(里面應(yīng)該有救生毯、路鹽、鏟子、手電筒和手機(jī)充電器。檢查輪胎壓力和汽油，并帶上足夠的食物和水)”可知，本段主要介紹的是在車?yán)餃?zhǔn)備一個裝備齊全的安全工具包。選項E“確保你的車?yán)镉幸粋€裝備齊全的安全工具包”符合語境。故選E?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Iftheweatherbecomessevere,moveyourcartotheclosestgasstationorhotel.(如果天氣變得惡劣，把你的車開到最近的加油站或旅館)”和下文“Ifyourcargetsstuckinthesnowbutconditionsaresafeenough,usetheshovelinthekittodigthetireoutandthesalttomeltthesnow.(如果你的車被困在雪里，但情況足夠安全，就用工具包里的鏟子把輪胎挖出來，用鹽來融化雪)”可知，此處介紹的是如果附近沒有加油站或旅館應(yīng)該怎么做。選項A“如果附近沒有，就靠邊停車”符合語境。故選A?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Never,neverwalkforhelpduringasnowstorm.Stayinthevehicle,runthemotorforabout10minuteseachhourforheat.Conserveyourenergyandrationanyfoodorwateryouhave.Staycalm,andbelievethattherescuersareontheway.(在暴風(fēng)雪中，千萬不要步行去尋求幫助。待在車?yán)?，每小時開動發(fā)動機(jī)約10分鐘取暖。保存你的體力，合理分配你有的食物和水。保持冷靜，相信救援人員正在路上)”可知，本段主要介紹的是在暴風(fēng)雪中千萬不要離開自己的車。選項D“在任何情況下你都不應(yīng)該離開你的車”符合語境。故選D。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。In2009,AthertonandherroommatesetoffonaroadtripfromAnnapolistoPittsburgh.Astheydrovetowardtheirdestination,theircar____21____,leavingthemhelplesswithoutenoughmoneytorepairit.What’sworse,it’smidnight.Desperate,theysought____22____atarepairshopwhereToniCranston____23____theirtrouble.Cranston____24____totakethemtoPittsburgh.However,herpetdoghaddiabetes（糖尿?。?soshehadtogohomeandgiveitthenightlymedication,which____25____theirdeparture.InsteadofleavingAthertonandherroommate,Cranston____26____themintoherhome,providingawarmmealanda（n）____27____placetostayforthenight.Thenextmorning,Cranstonkepther____28____,drivingthemtoPittsburgh.Afterthat,AthertonandCranstonlosttouch.Athertonneverforgotthe____29____Cranstonhadshownher,butshecouldn’t_____30_____herlastname.15yearslater,whenCranston’snieceheardAtherton’sstoryofher_____31_____hero,shereachedouttoheraunt.“Myniecekeptsayingtherecan’tbetwoTonisinEllicottCitywithadiabeticdog,”Cranstonsaid._____32_____,theyreunited,Athertonexpressedherdeep_____33_____toCranstonasaheroinherlife.Thisstoryisa_____34_____tothepowerofgooddeeds.Itservesasareminderthatkindpeopleoftenwalkamongus,andtheirbehaviorleavesanunforgettable_____35_____ontheheartsofthosetheytouch.21.A.movedalong B.spedup C.brokedown D.pulledover22.A.assistance B.existence C.employment D.direction23.A.downplayed B.overheard C.underwent D.underestimated24.A.offered B.struggled C.pretended D.happened25.A.announced B.delayed C.ensured D.scheduled26.A.complained B.tricked C.welcomed D.forced27.A.primitive B.embarrassing C.awful D.comfortable28.A.promise B.confidence C.secret D.honesty29.A.loneliness B.motherhood C.kindness D.talent30.A.revise B.read C.change D.recall31.A.well-informed B.unsung C.appealing D.strong-willed32.A.Legally B.Unfortunately C.Obviously D.Eventually33.A.gratitude B.sympathy C.regret D.devotion34.A.key B.solution C.comparison D.demonstration35.A.struggle B.lesson C.mark D.desire【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.A25.B26.C27.D28.A29.C30.D31.B32.D33.A34.D35.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了艾瑟頓和室友在前往匹茲堡的途中車拋錨了，得到ToniCranston的無私幫助，15年后兩人再次相見，艾瑟頓表達(dá)了對Cranston的感激之情，同時，這個故事也展示了善行的力量。【21題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們開車前往目的地時，他們的車拋錨了，由于沒有足夠的錢修理，他們束手無策。A.movedalong往前走；B.spedup加速；C.brokedown拋錨；D.pulledover靠邊停車。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)eavingthemhelplesswithoutenoughmoneytorepairit”可知，他們的車拋錨了，沒有足夠的錢修理。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：絕望中，他們向一家修理廠尋求幫助，在那里ToniCranston無意中聽到了他們的麻煩。A.assistance幫助；B.existence存在；C.employment雇傭；D.direction方向。根據(jù)上文“theircar_______,leavingthemhelplesswithoutenoughmoneytorepairit”可知，他們的車拋錨了，沒有足夠的錢修理，所以他們向一家修理廠尋求幫助。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：絕望中，他們向一家修理廠尋求幫助，在那里ToniCranston無意中聽到了他們的麻煩。A.downplayed輕描淡寫；B.overheard無意聽到；C.underwent經(jīng)歷；D.underestimated低估。根據(jù)下文“theirtrouble”可知，此處指無意中聽到他們的麻煩。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Cranston主動提出帶他們?nèi)テテ澅?。A.offered提供，提議；B.struggled掙扎；C.pretended假裝；D.happened發(fā)生、碰巧。根據(jù)下文“totakethemtoPittsburgh”可知，Cranston主動提出帶他們?nèi)テテ澅?。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，她的寵物狗患有糖尿病，所以她不得不回家給它吃晚上的藥，這延誤了她們的出發(fā)。A.announced宣布；B.delayed延誤；C.ensured確保；D.scheduled安排。根據(jù)上文“soshehadtogohomeandgiveitthenightlymedication”可知，Cranston要回家給狗喂藥，所以延誤了她們的出發(fā)。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Cranston沒有離開艾瑟頓和她的室友，而是歡迎她們來到她的家，為她們提供了一頓熱飯和一個舒適的過夜之地。A.complained抱怨；B.tricked欺騙；C.welcomed歡迎；D.forced強(qiáng)迫。根據(jù)下文“themintoherhome,providingawarmmeal”可知，Cranston歡迎艾瑟頓和她的室友來到她的家。故選C?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Cranston沒有離開艾瑟頓和她的室友，而是歡迎她們來到她的家，為她們提供了一頓熱飯和一個舒適的過夜之地。A.primitive原始的；B.embarrassing尷尬的；C.awful可怕的；D.comfortable舒適的。根據(jù)上文“providingawarmmealanda(n)”可知，Cranston為他們提供了一頓熱飯和一個舒適的地方過夜。故選D。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天早上，Cranston信守諾言，開車送她們?nèi)テテ澅?。A.promise承諾；B.confidence自信；C.secret秘密；D.honesty誠實。根據(jù)下文“drivingthemtoPittsburgh”可知，Cranston信守諾言，開車送她們?nèi)テテ澅?。故選A?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：艾瑟頓從未忘記Cranston對她的好意，但她記不起她的姓了。A.loneliness孤獨；B.motherhood母性；C.kindness善良；D.talent才能。根據(jù)上文Cranston對Atherton和室友的幫助可知，Atherton從未忘記Cranston對她的好意。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：艾瑟頓從未忘記Cranston對她的好意，但她記不起她的姓了。A.revise修訂；B.read閱讀；C.change改變；D.recall回憶。根據(jù)下文“herlastname”可知，她記不起她的姓了。故選D?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：15年后，當(dāng)Cranston的侄女聽到艾瑟頓講述她這位無名英雄的故事時，她找到了她的姑姑。A.well-informed見多識廣的；B.unsung無名的；C.appealing吸引人的；D.strong-willed意志堅強(qiáng)的。根據(jù)上文“AthertonandCranstonlosttouch”可知，兩人失去了聯(lián)系，所以Cranston對于Atherton來說是無名英雄。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，他們重逢了，艾瑟頓對Cranston表達(dá)了她作為自己生命中的英雄的深深感激。A.Legally合法地；B..Unfortunately不幸地；C.Obviously明顯地；D.Eventually最終。根據(jù)下文“theyreunited”可知，最終兩人重逢了。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，他們重逢了，艾瑟頓對Cranston表達(dá)了她作為自己生命中的英雄的深深感激。A.gratitude感激；B.sympathy同情；C.regret后悔；D.devotion奉獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“toCranstonasaheroinherlife”可知，艾瑟頓對Cranston表達(dá)了感激。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個故事是對善行力量的一種展示。A.key關(guān)鍵；B.solution解決方案；C.comparison比較；D.demonstration展示。根據(jù)下文“tothepowerofgooddeeds”可知，這個故事是對善行力量的一種展示。故選D。【35題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它提醒我們，善良的人常常在我們身邊，他們的行為在那些被他們觸動的人心中留下了難忘的印記。A.struggle掙扎；B.lesson課程；C.mark印記；D.desire欲望。根據(jù)下文“ontheheartsofthosetheytouch”可知，善良的人的行為在那些被他們觸動的人心中留下了難忘的印記。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AnexhibitionattheShanghaiMuseumisheldinhonorofthelifeandjourneyofMarcoPolo,oneofthemostcelebratedtravelersfromtheWesttoChina.Theexhibition,____36____(name)WondersoftheWorld:ChinaandBeyondintheEyesofMarcoPolo,features304pieces/setsofartifactsfrom28museums____37____culturalinstitutionsinChi