2025屆江西省萍鄉(xiāng)某學(xué)校高三模擬英語試卷一（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試題PAGEPAGE1江西省萍鄉(xiāng)某學(xué)校2025屆高三模擬試卷一英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下面短文，從各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出符合題意的最佳選項。AContaininghalfoftheworld’sgeothermal(地?zé)岬?features,Yellowstoneprovidesone-of-a-kindclassroom-basedorexperientialeducation.Herearesomeyoucanlearnaboutusingtheparkasaclassroom.ABear’sMenuMiddleSchool:SixthGradethroughEighthGradeSubjects:Math,ScienceWorkinginsmallgroups,studentsexaminethefeedinghabitsofbearsandpaintpicturestoshowwhatbearsdoinspring,summer,fallandwinter.Studentsuseasmallpatternofabearandincreaseitssizetoconstructafull-sizeoneinordertoappreciatethebear’ssize.WatersofLife:SurveyofaRiparianAreaMiddleSchool:SixthGradethroughEighthGradeSubject:ScienceInthisoutdoorscienceactivity,studentsinvestigateplantsandanimallifeinandaroundalake.Studentsworkingroups,witheachgroupmemberperformingadifferenttask:observing,recording,mappingorclassifying.Finally,theteamputtheinformationtogethertomakeconclusionsabouttheecologicalconnectionsthatexistwithintheareasurveyed.ExpeditionYellowstone:FieldSchoolMiddleSchool:SixthGradethroughEighthGradeSubjects:LiteracyandLanguageArts,Math,Science,SocialStudiesThis4-to5-dayresidentialcurriculum-basedprogramisofferedforteachersandtheirclasses.StudentslearnaboutthenaturalandculturalhistoryofYellowstone,investigatecurrentissuesaffectingtheGreaterYellowstoneEcosystem,andpromotepreservationintheparkandinhomecommunities.Emphasisisonlearningthroughdirectexperienceintheoutdoors.Studentsparticipatewithteachersorparentsinhikes,fieldinvestigationsanddiscussions.DuelingMandates(指令)HighSchool:NinthGradethroughTwelfthGradeSubject:SocialStudiesUsingcardsdescribingsomeoftheissuesaffectingYellowstoneNationalPark,studentsworkinsmallgroupstoconsidermanagementissuesthatmeetbothoftheconflictingmandatesthattheNationalParkServicemustfollow.Studentswillexplorethecomplexitiesinvolvedinmakingmanagementdecisionsanddiscoverthefar-reachingconsequencesofparkmanagementdecisions.21.WhatcanstudentsdoatABear’sMenu?A.Feedbears. B.Constructahouse.C.Takeanexam. D.Drawpicturesaboutbears.22.InwhichactivitycanstudentslearnabouttheculturalhistoryofYellowstone?A.ABear’sMenu. B.ExpeditionYellowstone:FieldSchool.C.DuelingMandates. D.WatersofLife:SurveyofaRiparianArea.23.WhatisspecialaboutDuelingMandates?A.Itrequiresparents’company. B.Itlaststhelongest.C.Ittargetshighschoolstudents. D.Ithasfar-reachingeffects.【答案】21.D22.B23.C【語篇解讀】本篇是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了黃石公園的教育活動資源?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章ABear’sMenu中“Workinginsmallgroups,studentsexaminethefeedinghabitsofbearsandpaintpicturestoshowwhatbearsdoinspring,summer,fallandwinter.(學(xué)生小組合作，研究熊的進(jìn)食習(xí)慣，并畫出熊在春天、夏天、秋天和冬天做什么。)”可知，在ABear’sMenu活動中，學(xué)生可以畫有關(guān)熊的畫。故選D項?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章ExpeditionYellowstone:FieldSchool中“StudentslearnaboutthenaturalandculturalhistoryofYellowstone,investigatecurrentissuesaffectingtheGreaterYellowstoneEcosystem,andpromotepreservationintheparkandinhomecommunities.(學(xué)生們將了解黃石的自然和文化歷史，調(diào)查影響大黃石生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的當(dāng)前問題，并促進(jìn)公園和家庭社區(qū)的保護(hù)。)”可知，在ExpeditionYellowstone:FieldSchool活動中，學(xué)生能了解到黃石公園的歷史文化。故選B項?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)DuelingMandates中“HighSchool:NinthGradethroughTwelfthGrade(高中：九年級到十二年級)”及其余中“MiddleSchool:SixthGradethroughEighthGrade(中學(xué)：六年級到八年級)”可知，最后一個活動針對的是高中生群體，其他活動針對的是初中生，所以DuelingMandates的特殊之處就是它的目標(biāo)是高中生。故選C項。BOftenpeoplereceiveaguitar,mandolin,orsomeothermusicalinstrumentasabirthdayorChristmasgift.There’sjoyeverywhere.Thegiverofthegiftknowshowmuchthereceiverwantstolearnthisinstrumentandthereceiverisactuallyholdingitinhishandsinsteadoflongingforitthroughtheshopwindow.Findinganinstructorthatfitsintoabusyworkscheduleishardenough,butonceyoudecideonalessonplan,thenyoumustconsiderthepracticetime,howtopractice,whattopractice—andlet’sfaceit—notallpeoplelearnsomethingthesameway.Soinordertolearnamusicalinstrument,howmuchpracticetimeisenoughandwhatkindofpracticeisrightforyou?Thereisnosetamountoftimethatanyoneshouldpracticeamusicalinstrument.WhenIwasinprogrammingclasses,Icouldhavestudiednightlyfor5hourseachnight.Itwouldhavetakenmeyearstolearntheartofcomputerprogramming.ThoughI’mattractedbythesystematiclogicofit,mytalentistowardsanotherthing.However,ontheotherhand,ifIspentanhoureverycoupledayswithapassionate(充滿熱情的)hobbylikeplayingtheviolin,notonlywouldthetimeflyquickly,I’dalsobelearningatamuchgreaterspeedsincethebuilt-inpassionisthemotivationforadvancement.Soasmuchasit’simportanttopractice,astepbackistofirstfindtheharmoniousinstrumentthatfitsyouasapersonasdevelopmentofyourpersonality.Ifyou’relearningtheguitarbecauseit’scool—obviouslythat’sthemodern-daymindset,however,youmightnotbeactuallylinkingyourtalentformusicalsatisfactionwithyourmostcreativeadvantagesyouhavetooffer.It’sbeenmyexperiencethateverypersonhasacertainlevelofmusicaltalent.Myenjoyablechallengehasbeentoassisttheminthisadventureandactuallylocatetheirbestabilitiesasquicklyaspossible.Thenandonlythencanwematchlearnerswithinstrumentsandtrulybeginafunandexcitingwalkdowntheroadofhappinessandcontentment,wheremusic,ability,personalityandsoulallmeet.Oncethispieceofthemysterypuzzleisinplace,I’veneverhadtoworkatmotivatingalearnertopractice.24.Intheauthor’sopinion,whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantwhenlearningamusicinstrument?A.Theamountoftimeforpractice. B.Ascientificlearningmethod.C.Agoodmusicinstructor. D.Thestrongfondnessformusic.25.Accordingtotheauthor,alearnershouldchoosetolearnamusicinstrumentwhich________.A.isreceivedasabirthdayorChristmasgiftB.followsamodernfashioninmusictrainingC.iseasytolearnandfitsthelearnerverymuchD.contributestodevelopingthelearner’scharacter26.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A.Shewritespopmusic. B.She’samusicinstructor.C.Sheadvertisesformusiclesson. D.She’samusicinstrumentcollector.27.Whichofthesequestionsdoesthepassageanswer?A.Doespracticemakeperfect? B.Doestalentmakeadifference?C.Doesalessonplanreallyfityou? D.Doeshardworkmakeupforlackoftalent?【答案】24.D25.D26.B27.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過親身經(jīng)歷告訴我們，學(xué)好一種樂器，練習(xí)固然重要，但是對音樂的熱愛才是最重要的?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“WhenIwasinprogrammingclasses,Icouldhavestudiednightlyfor5hourseachnight.Itwouldhavetakenmeyearstolearntheartofcomputerprogramming.ThoughI’mattractedbythesystematiclogicofit,mytalentistowardsanotherthing.

However,ontheotherhand,ifIspentanhoureverycoupledayswithapassionate(充滿熱情的)hobbylikeplayingtheviolin,notonlywouldthetimeflyquickly,I’dalsobelearningatamuchgreaterspeedsincethebuilt-inpassionisthemotivationforadvancement.(當(dāng)我在上編程課的時候，我可以每晚學(xué)習(xí)5個小時。我可能要花好幾年的時間才能學(xué)會計算機(jī)編程的藝術(shù)。雖然我被它的系統(tǒng)邏輯所吸引，但我的天賦不在于此。然而，另一方面，如果我每隔幾天花一個小時在像拉小提琴這樣充滿激情的愛好上，不僅時間過得很快，我也會以更快的速度學(xué)習(xí)，因為內(nèi)在的激情是進(jìn)步的動力)”可知，作者認(rèn)為與學(xué)計算機(jī)編程課相比，學(xué)習(xí)讓自己充滿激情的小提琴的速度更快，效率更高，結(jié)合第三段中“Ifyou’relearningtheguitarbecauseit’scool—obviouslythat’sthemodern-daymindset,however,youmightnotbeactuallylinkingyourtalentformusicalsatisfactionwithyourmostcreativeadvantagesyouhavetooffer.(如果你學(xué)吉他是因為它很酷——顯然這是現(xiàn)代人的心態(tài)，然而，你可能沒有把你在音樂上的天賦和你所能提供的最具創(chuàng)造性的優(yōu)勢聯(lián)系起來)”可推知，在作者看來，學(xué)習(xí)一種樂器時，發(fā)自內(nèi)心對音樂的熱情和喜愛才是最重要的，可以提高效率，發(fā)揚(yáng)優(yōu)勢。故選D項。【25題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Ifyou’relearningtheguitarbecauseit’scool—obviouslythat’sthemodern-daymindset,however,youmightnotbeactuallylinkingyourtalentformusicalsatisfactionwithyourmostcreativeadvantagesyouhavetooffer.(如果你學(xué)吉他是因為它很酷——顯然這是現(xiàn)代人的心態(tài)，然而，你可能沒有把你在音樂上的天賦和你所能提供的最具創(chuàng)造性的優(yōu)勢聯(lián)系起來)”和最后一段中“Myenjoyablechallengehasbeentoassisttheminthisadventureandactuallylocatetheirbestabilitiesasquicklyaspossible.Thenandonlythencanwematchlearnerswithinstrumentsandtrulybeginafunandexcitingwalkdowntheroadofhappinessandcontentment,wheremusic,ability,personalityandsoulallmeet.(我喜歡的挑戰(zhàn)是在這次冒險中幫助他們，并盡快找到他們的最佳能力。那時，也只有那時，我們才能為學(xué)習(xí)者配上樂器，真正開始一段充滿樂趣和刺激的快樂和滿足之路，在那里，音樂、能力、個性和靈魂都滿足了)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為選擇樂器不能追逐現(xiàn)代潮流，要選擇切合自己音樂天賦和創(chuàng)造力，能讓自己能力、個性和靈魂都得益的樂器，即有助于培養(yǎng)學(xué)習(xí)者的品質(zhì)的樂器。故選D項?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ It’sbeenmyexperiencethateverypersonhasacertainlevelofmusicaltalent.Myenjoyablechallengehasbeentoassisttheminthisadventureandactuallylocatetheirbestabilitiesasquicklyaspossible.(根據(jù)我的經(jīng)驗，每個人都有一定程度的音樂天賦。我喜歡的挑戰(zhàn)是在這次冒險中幫助他們，并盡快找到他們的最佳能力。)”可知，作者是一個音樂教師。故選B項?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，第二段中“Soinordertolearnamusicalinstrument,howmuchpracticetimeisenoughandwhatkindofpracticeisrightforyou?(那么為了學(xué)習(xí)一種樂器，練習(xí)多少時間是足夠的，什么樣的練習(xí)適合你呢?)”提出問題：學(xué)習(xí)一種樂器該練習(xí)多久或者什么樣的練習(xí)才適合，但結(jié)合第三段中“WhenIwasinprogrammingclasses,Icouldhavestudiednightlyfor5hourseachnight.Itwouldhavetakenmeyearstolearntheartofcomputerprogramming.ThoughI’mattractedbythesystematiclogicofit,mytalentistowardsanotherthing.

However,ontheotherhand,ifIspentanhoureverycoupledayswithapassionate(充滿熱情的)hobbylikeplayingtheviolin,notonlywouldthetimeflyquickly,I’dalsobelearningatamuchgreaterspeedsincethebuilt-inpassionisthemotivationforadvancement.(當(dāng)我在上編程課的時候，我可以每晚學(xué)習(xí)5個小時。我可能要花好幾年的時間才能學(xué)會計算機(jī)編程的藝術(shù)。雖然我被它的系統(tǒng)邏輯所吸引，但我的天賦不在于此。然而，另一方面，如果我每隔幾天花一個小時在像拉小提琴這樣充滿激情的愛好上，不僅時間過得很快，我也會以更快的速度學(xué)習(xí)，因為內(nèi)在的激情是進(jìn)步的動力)”和最后一段中“Oncethispieceofthemysterypuzzleisinplace,I’veneverhadtoworkatmotivatingalearnertopractice.(一旦這一塊神秘的拼圖就位，我就不必再努力激勵學(xué)習(xí)者去練習(xí)了)”可知，作者認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)讓自己充滿激情的小提琴的速度更快，效率更高，說明只要找到自己真正喜歡的東西，就根本不需要去激勵學(xué)習(xí)者練習(xí)，回答了“熟能否生巧?”的問題，即只有練習(xí)不行，真正重要的是對音樂的熱愛。故選A項。CThepsychologicalterm,valenceweightingbias,describespeople’stendencytoadaptinnewcircumstancesbydrawingmorestronglyfromeithertheirpositiveornegativeattitudes,orrather,whethernegativeorpositiveinternal“signals”carrythemostweightinguidingpeople’sfinalbehavior.StudiesledbyRussellFazioandJavierGranadosfromOhioStateUniversityfoundlinksbetweenanegative-leaningattitudeandprocrastination(拖延)andthatit’spossibletoshifttheweightingbiasandreversethetendencytodelayatask.Inthestudy,147collegestudentsparticipatedinaprogramallowingthemtoaccumulatecoursecreditsforengaginginaresearch.Thosewhothoughtitwasanawfulthingtodoprocrastinatedstarting.Thestudyalsoexploredwhetherstudents’measuresofself-controlinfluencedtask-relatedbehaviors:Howstudentscharacterizedtheirlevelofmotivationabouttheresearchprogram,andifthataffectedwhetherstudentsgotanearlystart.Resultsshowedthecombinationofnegativeweightingbiasandself-reportedlowmotivationforself-controlwaslinkedtostudentsputtingoffresearchprogramparticipationbygettingstartedlaterinthesemester.Thenthestudentsintheprogramwhowereself-reportedprocrastinatorsandwhoscoredhighfornegativeweightingbiaswereaskedtojoininanotherstudy.Researcherstheninspiredonegroupinawaythatledparticipantstoweighpositiveandnegativesignalsinamorebalancedway.Thisshiftcausedthestudentstoaccumulatecredithoursmorequicklythanthegroupwhosenegativeweightingbiasandlowself-controlreliablypredictedtheirdelay.“Ifsomebodyismoremotivatedandabletothinkmoreaboutit,thatmightbringotherconsiderationsthatweakentheinfluenceofthevalenceweightingbias,”researcherssaid.Negativeweightingbiascanhaveapositiveeffectonbehavior,though.Theseresearchershavealsofoundevidencethatanegativeweightingbiasmayhelppeoplebemorerealisticwhenthey’reaskingthemselves,“HaveIstudiedenoughforthistest?”“It’sbettertobemoreobjectivelybalancedthantobeateitherextreme,”Faziosaid.“Butthesituationwhereaparticularvalenceweightingbiasislikelytobeproblematicisgoingtovary.”28.Whatcanweknowaboutvalenceweightingbias?A.Itisusedinmoderntechnology. B.Itinfluencespeople’smentalhealth.C.Itdirectswhatpeopledovariously. D.Itleadstodelaysincarryingouttasks.29.Studentsinthefirststudywouldstartparticipatingearlierifthey________.A.sufferedfromvalenceweightingbias B.drewmorestronglyfrompositivityC.thoughtpoorlyoftheirself-discipline D.consideredthemselveslackofmotivation30.Whatdoestheexperimentinparagraph4indicate?A.Highscoresleadtomoreconsideration.B.Negativeweightingbiascanbereversed.C.Participantsneedprofessionalknowledge.D.Measuringproperlyisofvitalimportance.31.Whatmessageisconveyedinthelastparagraph?A.Negativeweightingbiascanbebeneficial.B.Peopleneedtostrivetobepositiveatanytime.C.Positivepeopletendtomakerandomdecisions.D.Valenceweightingbiasappliestodifferentsituations.【答案】28.C29.B30.B31.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了效價權(quán)重偏差（valenceweightingbias），即個人傾向于積極還是消極態(tài)度來適應(yīng)新環(huán)境或者新的工作任務(wù)，為解釋拖延任務(wù)行為提供了新角度。俄亥俄州立大學(xué)的RussellFazio和JavierGranados領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了消極態(tài)度和拖延之間的聯(lián)系，并且有可能改變權(quán)重偏差，逆轉(zhuǎn)拖延任務(wù)的趨勢?！?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段講到“Thepsychologicalterm,valenceweightingbias,describespeople’stendencytoadaptinnewcircumstancesbydrawingmorestronglyfromeithertheirpositiveornegativeattitudes,orrather,whethernegativeorpositiveinternal“signals”carrythemostweightinguidingpeople’sfinalbehavior.(心理學(xué)術(shù)語“效價加權(quán)偏差”描述了人們在新環(huán)境中的適應(yīng)傾向，通過更強(qiáng)烈地從他們的積極或消極態(tài)度中汲取經(jīng)驗，或者更確切地說，無論是消極還是積極的內(nèi)部“信號”在指導(dǎo)人們的最終行為方面都具有最大的影響力)”可知，效價權(quán)重偏差指導(dǎo)人們做各種各樣的事情。故選C。【29題詳析】推理判斷題。文章第三段講到“Thosewhothoughtitwasanawfulthingtodoprocrastinatedstarting.Thestudyalsoexploredwhetherstudents’measuresofself-controlinfluencedtask-relatedbehaviors:Howstudentscharacterizedtheirlevelofmotivationabouttheresearchprogram,andifthataffectedwhetherstudentsgotanearlystart.(那些認(rèn)為這是一件糟糕的事情的人拖延了開始。該研究還探討了學(xué)生的自我控制措施是否影響任務(wù)相關(guān)行為：學(xué)生如何表征他們對研究項目的動機(jī)水平，以及這是否影響學(xué)生是否提前開始。)”可知，認(rèn)為這是一件糟糕的事情的人是消極的，這些人參與就晚，因此可推理，認(rèn)為這是一件好的事情的人就會早參與。因此，在第一項研究中，如果學(xué)生們更加積極樂觀，他們會更早開始參與。故選B。【30題詳析】推理判斷題。文章第四段講到“Thisshiftcausedthestudentstoaccumulatecredithoursmorequicklythanthegroupwhosenegativeweightingbiasandlowself-controlreliablypredictedtheirdelay.(這種轉(zhuǎn)變導(dǎo)致學(xué)生比負(fù)權(quán)重偏差和低自制力可靠地預(yù)測其延遲的那組學(xué)生更快地積累學(xué)分)”可知，第四段中的實驗說明負(fù)權(quán)重偏差可以逆轉(zhuǎn)。故選B?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章最后一段講到“Negativeweightingbiascanhaveapositiveeffectonbehavior,though.(然而，負(fù)權(quán)重偏見可能對行為產(chǎn)生積極影響。)”可知，最后一段傳達(dá)的信息是負(fù)權(quán)重偏差可能是有益的。故選A。DFortunately,thedaysofbeingspreadonthickbabyoilandlyinginthesuntogetyouskinyellowish-brown—ormorelikelyburnt—arelongover.Manysunscreensworkbyfiltering(過濾)thesun’sultraviolet(UV)raystokeepthemfromreachingskincellsandcausingtheDNAdamagethatcanleadtowrinklesandskincancer.Butinrecentyears,thesafetyofsomeofthosefilteringchemicalingredients,particularlyoxybenzone(氧苯銅),hasbeeninquestion.A2019studypublishedinJAMAfoundevidencethatoxybenzoneisabsorbedintothebloodstream,leadingtoconcernsaboutwhetheritmightaffectfunctionsofourbody.Oxybenzonehasalsobeendetectedinbreastmilkfornewbornbabies.Becauseofconcernsabouthigherintakeinchildren,doctorsfromtheAmericanAcademyofPediatricsadviseagainstsunscreenwithoxybenzoneforkids.TheEnvironmentalWorkingGroup,anactivistorganizationthatmonitorschemicalsafety,hascalledforaban,buttheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministrationconsiderssunscreenswithoxybenzonesafe.“It’suncertain,”saysDeborahS.Sarnoff,presidentoftheU.S.SkinCancerFoundation.“Justbecauseyou’reabsorbingthechemicaldoesn’tmeanit’sdangerous.”Furtherstudyisrequired.Butoxybenzoneisarisktocoralreefs.HawaiiandtheU.S.VirginIslandshavebannedthesaleofsunscreenswithoxybenzone.Ina2022studypublishedinScience,researchersfoundthatsomecertainseaplants,whenexposedtosunlight,turnoxybenzoneintoenergyorsomethingneededinawaythatdamagesandkillscorals.Somecompanieshavebeentryingtostopusingoxybenzonegraduallyinstages,andmanybigbrandsofferoxybenzone-freeoptions.Foranyonewhoispregnantorbreastfeeding,orsimplylookingtoavoidthesechemicalfilters,Dr.Sarnoffrecommendsmineralsunscreens,whichcontainmainlyphysicalbarriers.32.Whatistheadvantageofsunscreen?A.Itgetsyourskinyellowish-brown. B.Itstopswrinklesandskincancer.C.ItkeepsUVraysfromharmingyou. D.ItpreventsskincellsfromDNAdamage.33.Whydodoctorsadviseagainstsunscreenwithoxybenzoneforkids?A.Theydon’twantchildrentoabsorbmoreoxybenzone.B.Theydon’twantoxybenzonetohurtbabies’functions.C.Theyknowoxybenzonecanaffectchildren’sbloodstream.D.Theyknowoxybenzonehasbeenfoundinnewbornbabies.34.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastthreeparagraphs?A.CoralreefsinHawaiiweredamagedorkilledbysunscreens.B.Moreresearchisneededtoprovethedangerofoxybenzone.C.Someorganizationshavealreadybannedtheuseofsunscreens.D.Mineralsunscreensaremuchsaferthanthosewithoxybenzone.35.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Thefindingsaboutsunscreenswithoxybenzone.B.Questionsonsafeuseofoxybenzoneraisedbydoctors.C.Discussiononsafetyofoxybenzonebetweenorganizations.D.Effectsofsunscreensonhumansandplantsinrecentstudies.【答案】32.C33.A34.B35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一些關(guān)于含氧苯酮防曬霜的最新發(fā)現(xiàn)。【32題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Manysunscreensworkbyfiltering(濾)thesun’sultraviolet(UV)raystokeepthemfromreachingskincellsandcausingtheDNAdamagethatcanleadtowrinklesandskincancer.(許多防曬霜的工作原理是過濾太陽的紫外線，防止它們到達(dá)皮膚細(xì)胞，造成可能導(dǎo)致皺紋和皮膚癌的DNA損傷)”可知，防曬霜的優(yōu)點在于過濾太陽的紫外線，防止它們到達(dá)皮膚細(xì)胞，造成可能導(dǎo)致皺紋和皮膚癌的DNA損傷，換句話說防曬霜可以防止紫外線傷害你。故選C?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Becauseofconcernsabouthigherintakeinchildren,doctorsfromtheAmericanAcademyofPediatricsadviseagainstsunscreen,withoxybenzoneforkids.(由于擔(dān)心兒童攝入更多，美國兒科學(xué)會(AmericanAcademyofPediatrics)的醫(yī)生建議不要使用含有氧苯酮的防曬霜)”可知，醫(yī)生不建議兒童使用含羥苯酮的防曬霜，是因為他們不想讓孩子吸收更多的羥苯酮。故選A。【34題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“TheEnvironmentalWorkingGroup,anactivistorganizationthatmonitorschemicalsafety,hascalledforaban,buttheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)considerssunscreenswithoxybenzonesafe.(監(jiān)測化學(xué)品安全的激進(jìn)組織“環(huán)境工作組”(EnvironmentalWorkingGroup)呼吁禁止使用這種防曬霜，但美國食品和藥物管理局(FDA)認(rèn)為含有氧苯酮的防曬霜是安全的)”可知，A選項“一些組織已經(jīng)禁止使用氧苯酮”與原文表述不符；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Ina2022studypublishedinScience,researchersfoundthatsomecertainseaplants,whenexposedtosunlight,turnoxybenzoneintoenergyorsomethingneededinawaythatdamagesandkillscorals.(在2022年發(fā)表在《科學(xué)》雜志上的一項研究中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，某些海洋植物在暴露在陽光下時，會將氧苯酮轉(zhuǎn)化為能量或其他需要的東西，從而破壞和殺死珊瑚)”可知，是某些海洋植物不是被氧苯酮直接殺死的，C選項“夏威夷的珊瑚礁被防曬霜破壞或殺死。”與原文表述不符；根據(jù)最后一段“Foranyonewhoispregnantorbreastfeeding,orsimplylookingtoavoidthesechemicalfilters,Dr.Sarnoffrecommendsmineralsunscreens,whichcontainmostlyphysicalbarriers.(對于懷孕或哺乳的人，或者只是想避免這些化學(xué)過濾器的人，薩爾諾夫博士建議使用礦物質(zhì)防曬霜，這種防曬霜主要含有物理屏障)”可知，薩爾諾夫博士建議使用礦物質(zhì)防曬霜，這種防曬霜主要含有物理屏障，D選項“美國食品和藥物管理局建議使用礦物防曬霜”與原文信息不符。同時，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Justbecauseyou’reabsorbingthechemicaldoesn’tmeanit’sdangerous.”Furtherstudyisrequired.(“僅僅因為你吸收了化學(xué)物質(zhì)，并不意味著它是危險的。”需要進(jìn)一步研究)”可知，從最后三段我們了解到需要更多的研究來證明氧苯酮的危險性。故選B。【35題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Butinrecentyears,thesafetyofsomeofthosefilteringchemicalingredients,particularlyoxybenzone(氧苯酮),hasbeeninquestion.(但近年來，一些過濾化學(xué)成分的安全性受到了質(zhì)疑，尤其是氧苯酮)”以及通讀全文可知，本文主要討論了防曬霜中含有的氧苯酮成分，它被懷疑會對人體產(chǎn)生影響，并對珊瑚礁造成風(fēng)險。雖然美國食品藥品監(jiān)督管理局認(rèn)為含氧苯酮的防曬霜是安全的，但對于孕婦和哺乳期婦女以及希望避免這些化學(xué)過濾劑的人來說，薩爾諾夫醫(yī)生建議使用礦物質(zhì)防曬霜，故文章主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于含氧苯酮防曬霜的最新發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Facinghardthingsis,well,hard.Sometimesweareforcedtosimplyshift,suchaswithalossorfailure;however,muchofthetime,wemayrecognizethedifficultiesunderneaththatneedattentionbutfeeltoooverwhelmedtoaddressthem.___36___Thedifficultiesmightbeanoutdatedhabit,atroublingmemoryoralong-ignoredconflict.Someindividualsfoolthemselvesintothinkingtherereallyisnotaproblem.It’slikesomeonetryingtoholdactivemiceunderablanketbyholdingdowntheedgesofthemovingblanket.Pullingbacktheblankettoletthemiceoutisneeded,despitebeingterrifying.Oncethemicearereleased,theremaybefurtherchallengestogetthemoutofthehouse.___37___Peopleoftenencountersimilarproblems.Avoidingorleavingthesituationappearstofixtheproblembutfailstotackletheunderlyingcause.Ratherthanrepeatedlycuttingweeds,gettingdownonthegroundandpullingtherootsismoreeffective.Facingissuesislikeuncoveringrootsfornewbeginningstoblossom.___38______39___Itfeelslikeaballed-upmessofwires.Pullinghardatonlyonewireactuallytightenstheknot.Wehavetotakeacalmerlookandpullaparteachwireoneatatime.Wecan’texpectthewirestoloosenorunwindthemselves.___40___Nevertheless,oncetheyhavebeenfreed,theycansometimesbeseparated,putaside,andusedasneeded.A.Theyarejustthereandpartofthechaos.B.Andhumansaremastersofavoidanceanddenial.C.TheoverallbenefitsfromtoughworkenablegrowthD.Makingchangesinone’slifeishardandcomplicated.E.Sadly,itoftenworsenswhenweapproachitwithanger.F.However,problemscannotbefacediftheyarenotfirstrecognized.G.Quickfixesmightprovidereliefintheshorttermbutoftennotinthelongterm.【答案】36.B37.F38.G39.D40.A【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在面對困難時我們應(yīng)該怎么做。【36題詳析】根據(jù)空前“Facinghardthingsis,well,hard.Sometimesweareforcedtosimplyshift,suchaswithalossorfailure;however,muchofthetime,wemayrecognizethedifficultiesunderneaththatneedattentionbutfeeltoooverwhelmedtoaddressthem.(面對困難的事情很難。有時，我們被迫簡單地改變，比如面對失敗時；然而，在大多數(shù)情況下，我們可能會認(rèn)識到需要關(guān)注的困難，但感到不堪重負(fù)，無法解決這些問題)”可知，前文提到我們在面對困難時，感到不堪重負(fù)，無法解決，故B項“人類就擅長回避和否認(rèn)?！蹦軌虺薪忧拔?，我們對于困難，感到不堪重負(fù)，無法解決，我們就擅長回避和否認(rèn)，故選B項。【37題詳析】根據(jù)空前“Someindividualsfoolthemselvesintothinkingtherereallyisnotaproblem.It’slikesomeonetryingtoholdactivemiceunderablanketbyholdingdowntheedgesofthemovingblanket.Pullingbacktheblankettoletthemiceoutisneeded,despitebeingterrifying.Oncethemicearereleased,theremaybefurtherchallengestogetthemoutofthehouse.(一些人自欺欺人地認(rèn)為真的沒問題。這就像有人試圖通過按住移動的毯子邊緣，將活躍的老鼠夾在毯子下。盡管很可怕，但需要拉開毯子讓老鼠出來。一旦老鼠被釋放，將它們帶出房子可能會面臨進(jìn)一步的挑戰(zhàn))”可知，空前提到一些人選擇自欺欺人，認(rèn)為沒有問題，并用老鼠舉例，故F項“然而，如果不先認(rèn)識到問題，就無法面對問題。”能夠承接前文，一些人總是選擇自欺欺人，認(rèn)為沒有問題，但如果不先認(rèn)識到問題，就無法面對問題，故選F項?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)空前“Avoidingorleavingthesituationappearstofixtheproblembutfailstotackletheunderlyingcause.Ratherthanrepeatedlycuttingweeds,gettingdownonthegroundandpullingtherootsismoreeffective.Facingissuesislikeuncoveringrootsfornewbeginningstoblossom.(逃避或離開這種情況似乎可以解決問題，但無法解決根本原因。與其反復(fù)除草，倒在地上拔根更有效。面對問題就像解開新開端綻放的根源)”可知，空前提到，逃避或離開似乎能解決問題，但無法解決根本原因，故G項“快速解決可能會提供短期的輕松，但無法提供長期的輕松?！蹦軌虺薪忧拔模颖芑螂x開這種情況似乎可以解決問題，但這樣的快速解決只能提供短期的輕松，無法長期地解決問題，故選G項?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)空后“Itfeelslikeaballed-upmessofwires.Pullinghardatonlyonewireactuallytightenstheknot.(它就感覺像一團(tuán)亂糟糟的電線。只要用力拉一根鐵絲，就會打結(jié))”可知，空后提到它就像是一團(tuán)亂糟糟的電線，故D項“改變生活是困難而復(fù)雜的?！蹦軌虺薪雍笪模蘸蟮膇t指代D項中的“makingchanges”，做出改變是困難而復(fù)雜的，它就像是一團(tuán)亂糟糟的電線，只要用力一拉，就會打結(jié)，故選D項。【40題詳析】根據(jù)空前“Wecan’texpectthewirestoloosenorunwindthemselves.(我們不能指望電線會自動松動或解開)”可知，A項“它們就在那里，是混亂的一部分。”能夠承接前文，是前文的順義承接，我們不能指望電線會自動松開或解開，它們就在那里，是混亂的一部分，A項中的they指代前文的“wires”，故選A項。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀短文，從各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。CRACK!BOOM!Isatupinmybed,myheart____41____wildly.Iwasateenageandhadbeensleepingdeeplyafewsecondsago.Thelightningstruckjustlikeitwasrightoutsidemywindow,causingaflashthatseemedto____42____acrossthesky.Ittookmealongtimeto____43____thecouragetofallbackasleepagain.Thenextday,Iwalkedouttoasmallspringandsawwherethe____44____hadhit.Ithadwrappeditselfaroundacrookedoaktree,andIfelt____45____forthetree.Yetthenextyear,Inoticedthatthetreehadn’tdied.Infact,ithadfresh,new,greenleavesgrowingonit,andtheburntbarkwasstartingtomakeupforitsprevious____46____.Iwasamazedattheresilienceofthistree,withwonderathowitmanagedto____47____suchastrike.____48____,Iwasreadingsomethingthatshedfreshlightonthattree.Ascientificstudyshowedthatthe____49____floorisallinterconnected.Whenonetreeisdamaged,theotherssharetheir_____50_____nutrientstokeepitalive,_____51_____theirwaythroughtheirrootsystem.Lookingbackatmyownlife,IseethatIhavetakenquiteafewlightning_____52_____aswell.Yet,throughthemall,Ihavefeltthe_____53_____ofthosearoundme,whichseemstohangovermelikeaprotectivecanopy(樹冠).Wearen’tmeantto_____54_____alone,andit’sanythingbutacoincidencethatwefindstrengthinoneanother,remindingusofthe_____55_____ofourbonds.41.A.approaching B.pounding C.breathing D.skipping42.A.stretch B.shine C.attack D.escape43.A.turnup B.showup C.giveup D.pullup44.A.rain B.lightning C.wind D.storm45.A.surprised B.awkward C.frightened D.sad46.A.trick B.disease C.damage D.horror47.A.survive B.defeat C.balance D.battle48.A.Fortunately B.Immediately C.Recently D.Actually49.A.forest B.ground C.earth D.desert50.A.brief B.familiar C.potential D.precious51.A.fighting B.taking C.working D.struggling52.A.failures B.strikes C.waves D.flashes53.A.opinion B.love C.generosity D.inspiration54.A.stand B.ride C.run D.suffer55.A.operation B.contribution C.breakdown D.permanence【答案】41.B42.A43.D44.B45.D46.C47.A48.C49.A50.D51.C52.B53.B54.A55.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過描述一棵樹在雷擊后依然頑強(qiáng)生存并得到其他樹木幫助的現(xiàn)象，類比到人在生活中遇到困難時也會得到周圍人的支持和幫助，強(qiáng)調(diào)了人與人之間聯(lián)系的力量和永恒性?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我從床上坐起來，心狂跳。A.approaching接近；B.pounding猛跳；C.breathing呼吸；D.skipping跳過。根據(jù)前文“CRACK!BOOM!”以及后文“Iwasateenageandhadbeensleepingdeeplyafewsecondsago.”可知，作者剛剛在睡覺，突然間傳來“啪！轟”的響聲，讓作者心狂跳。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：閃電就像就在我的窗外一樣擊中了我，閃電似乎劃過了天空。A.stretch伸展，劃過；B.shine照耀；C.attack攻擊；D.escape逃跑。根據(jù)前文“Thelightningstruckjustlikeitwasrightoutsidemywindow”可知，外面電扇雷鳴，閃電劃過了天空。故選A。【43題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我花了很長時間才鼓起勇氣再次入睡。A.turnup出現(xiàn)；B.showup露面；C.giveup放棄；D.pullup上升，鼓起。根據(jù)后文“thecouragetofallbackasleepagain”可知，作者花了很長時間鼓起勇氣再次入睡。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天，我走到一個小泉水邊，看到了閃電擊中的地方。A.rain雨；B.