2025屆江西省名校學(xué)術(shù)聯(lián)盟高三下學(xué)期模擬沖刺英語試題（四）（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試題PAGEPAGE1江西省名校學(xué)術(shù)聯(lián)盟2025屆高三下學(xué)期模擬沖刺英語試題（四）第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWelcomebacktoAxisBankSplash!ItisanannualnationwidecompetitiononArt,CraftandLiterature,toencourageandfostergoodwillamongthechildrenintheagegroupof7-14years.Thisyear,Splashwillfocusonthethemeof“Gratitude”,encouragingyoungparticipantstoreflectonandexpresstheimportanceofappreciationthroughtheircreativity.Webelievethatbyprovidingtheseyoungmindswiththeopportunitytoexpressthemselves,wearehelpingtoshapeabrighterfutureforusall.WelookforwardtoseeingtheamazingcreationsthatcomeoutofSplashandtocontinuingsupportingthecreativityandthepotentialofyoungminds.ThemesChoosethethemessuitingyourself.GroupThemeKids7-10TheGratefulHeartsKids11-14TheUnsungHeroesPrizesThewinnersofthecompetitionwillbeinstructedbyseveraldomainexperts.Thetop3finalistsfromeachcategorywillbeawardedprizes.Inaddition,allwinnerswillgetachancetohavetheirartworksdisplayedattheMuseumofArtandPhotography(MAP).What’smore,thetop400qualifierswillwinexcitinggiftsandelectronicgadgets(小用品)frompartners.Alongsidethecompetition,theBankwillhostengagingsessionsandfun-filledactivitiesfortheparticipantsinschools.RegistrationTheparticipantscanregisterandsubmittheirentrieswww.axisbanksplash.intill30thNovember.Don’tmissthechancetomakeahitwithyourcreativity.Wearewaitingforyourmasterpieces!Markingasignificantmilestone,thelasteditionofthecompetitionwitnessedentriesfromover680thousandparticipantsfromalloverthenation,whichhasincreasedby36%yearonyear.1.WhatisAxisBankSplash?A.Anorganization. B.Aliteratureclub.C.Anationwidecontest. D.Anartmuseum.2.Whatwillthewinnersget?A.Achancetobeexperts. B.Somepreparedprizes.C.AvisittotheMAP. D.Admissiontoschoolsforfree.3.Whatisrequiredtosubmitentries?A.Markinganimportantentry. B.Submittingtheworkbyemail.C.Registeringonthegivenwebsite. D.Lookingthroughthespecificwebsite.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了AxisBankSplash比賽的要求、獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)等相關(guān)信息?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“WelcomebacktoAxisBankSplash!ItisanannualnationwidecompetitiononArt,CraftandLiterature(歡迎回到AxisBankSplash！這是一項(xiàng)一年一度的全國藝術(shù)、工藝和文學(xué)競賽。)”可知，AxisBankSplash是全國性的比賽。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Prizes部分中的“Thewinnersofthecompetitionwillbeinstructedbyseveraldomainexperts.Thetop3finalistsfromeachcategorywillbeawardedprizes.Inaddition,allwinnerswillgetachancetohavetheirartworksdisplayedattheMuseumofArtandPhotography(MAP).What’smore,thetop400qualifierswillwinexcitinggiftsandelectronicgadgets (小用品)frompartners.(比賽的優(yōu)勝者將由幾位領(lǐng)域?qū)＜抑笇?dǎo)。每個(gè)類別的前三名決賽選手將獲得獎(jiǎng)品。此外，所有獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)邔⒂袡C(jī)會(huì)在藝術(shù)與攝影博物館（MAP）展出他們的作品。更重要的是，前400名的選手將獲得來自合作伙伴的精彩禮物和電子產(chǎn)品。)”說明獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)邥?huì)得到一些準(zhǔn)備好的獎(jiǎng)品，包括專家指導(dǎo)、在博物館展示作品的機(jī)會(huì)以及合作伙伴提供的禮品和電子小用品等。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Registration中“Theparticipantscanregisterandsubmittheirentrieswww.axisbanksplash.intill30thNovember.(參賽者可以在11月30日之前在www.Axisbanksplash.in上注冊(cè)并提交他們的作品。)”可知，參與者需要在指定網(wǎng)站www.axisbanksplash.in上注冊(cè)并提交參賽作品。故選C。BIn2020,atage14,WilliamCabanissnoticedthatsomeofhisclassmateswereskippingmealsduetofoodinsecurity,andhewantedtodosomething.Tohelphisclassmatesandhiscommunity,hestartedmakingbottlesofhomemadevanillaextract(香草精)anddonated100%ofhisprofitstohislocalfoodbank.“Nooneshouldbehungry,”Williamsaid.“Nooneshouldhavetoworryaboutwheretheirnextmealiscomingfrom.”Williamhadbeenenjoyingbakingasahobby.Oneday,whilebakingapanofcakesandaddingvanilla,herealizedhecouldeasilyproducehisownvanillaextractratherthanpurchasingitatthesupermarket.Thenhetooktheideaastepfurtherbyplanningtosellthevanillaextractanddonateallprofitstothelocalfoodbankwherehevolunteered.Heimmediatelywenttoworkputtinghisnewplanintoaction.Heusedhisownrecipetoproduceasmanybottlesofvanillaextractaspossibleduringhisfreetime.Hethencreatedalogoanddesignedawebsitetostartthebusiness.In2020,Williaminvitedvolunteerstojoinhimonhismissiontofighthungerinhiscommunity.Theextremelypositiveresponseallowedhimtoexpandhisprogramintoanon-profitorganization,VanillaFeedsTomorrow.Thenon-profitprojectcontinuesoperationstoday,andWilliamdonatestheprofittoSecondHarvestFoodBankofEastTennessee.Each$30bottlesoldprovidesapproximately42mealstopeopleinneed,andtheorganizationhasraisedmorethan$200,000todate.“Therewasnoonebetter.TheysupportsomanycountiesacrossEastTennesseeand,withinthosecounties,there’resomanydistributionareasorfoodstorageroomsandcharities,”WilliamsaidofSecondHarvest.“Theirrangeisjusttrulyawe-inspiring.Iwantedeverypennytogoasfarasitcould.”4.Whydidsomestudentsskipmeals?A.Theywantedtoloseweight. B.Theywereparticularaboutfood.C.Theywereworriedaboutfoodsafety. D.Theydoubtedthefood’sflavorandnutrition.5.WhatinspiredWilliamtofighthungerbysellingthevanillaextract?A.Hisbakingprocess. B.Hisshoppingexperience.C.Hisrecipefromhismother. D.Hisexperienceasavolunteer.6.WhichwordcanbestdescribeWilliam?A.Intelligentandbrave. B.Generousandhelpful.C.Carefulanddetermined. D.Ambitiousandpatient.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.ATeenSoldHomemadeVanillaExtracttoMakeMoneyB.ATeenStartedBusinesstoRaiseFundsforLocalFoodBankC.ATeenWorkedHardtoMakeaDifferencetotheCommunityD.ATeenVolunteeredtoHelpThoseWhoSkippedMealsGlobally【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了14歲的WilliamCabaniss通過自制香草精銷售，將全部利潤捐贈(zèng)給食物銀行來幫助他人的善舉?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中“In2020,atage14,WilliamCabanissnoticedthatsomeofhisclassmateswereskippingmealsduetofoodinsecurity,andhewantedtodosomething.(2020年，14歲的威廉?卡巴尼斯注意到他的一些同學(xué)因?yàn)槭澄锏貌坏奖Ｕ隙怀詵|西，他想為此做點(diǎn)什么)”可知，一些學(xué)生不吃飯是因?yàn)槭称凡话踩?，也就是?dān)心食物問題。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中“Oneday,whilebakingapanofcakesandaddingvanilla,herealizedhecouldeasilyproducehisownvanillaextractratherthanpurchasingitatthesupermarket.Thenhetooktheideaastepfurtherbyplanningtosellthevanillaextractanddonateallprofitstothelocalfoodbankwherehevolunteered.(一天，當(dāng)他烤一盤蛋糕并加入香草時(shí)，他意識(shí)到他可以很容易地自己制作香草精，而不是在超市購買。然后，他進(jìn)一步提出了這個(gè)想法，計(jì)劃出售香草精，并將所有利潤捐給他志愿服務(wù)的當(dāng)?shù)厥称枫y行)”可知，是他的烘焙過程啟發(fā)他通過賣香草精來對(duì)抗饑餓。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第一段中“In2020,atage14,WilliamCabanissnoticedthatsomeofhisclassmateswereskippingmealsduetofoodinsecurity,andhewantedtodosomething.(2020年，14歲的威廉?卡巴尼斯注意到他的一些同學(xué)因?yàn)槭澄锏貌坏奖Ｕ隙怀詵|西，他想為此做點(diǎn)什么)”和第三段中“Oneday,whilebakingapanofcakesandaddingvanilla,herealizedhecouldeasilyproducehisownvanillaextractratherthanpurchasingitatthesupermarket.Thenhetooktheideaastepfurtherbyplanningtosellthevanillaextractanddonateallprofitstothelocalfoodbankwherehevolunteered.(一天，當(dāng)他烤一盤蛋糕并加入香草時(shí)，他意識(shí)到他可以很容易地自己制作香草精，而不是在超市購買。然后，他進(jìn)一步提出了這個(gè)想法，計(jì)劃出售香草精，并將所有利潤捐給他志愿服務(wù)的當(dāng)?shù)厥称枫y行)”和第五段“Theextremelypositiveresponseallowedhimtoexpandhisprogramintoanon-profitorganization,VanillaFeedsTomorrow.Thenon-profitprojectcontinuesoperationstoday,andWilliamdonatestheprofittoSecondHarvestFoodBankofEastTennessee.Each$30bottlesoldprovidesapproximately42mealstopeopleinneed,andtheorganizationhasraisedmorethan$200,000todate.(這個(gè)非常積極的反應(yīng)讓他把他的項(xiàng)目擴(kuò)展成一個(gè)非營利組織——VanillaFeedsTomorrow。這個(gè)非營利性項(xiàng)目一直持續(xù)到今天，威廉將收益捐給了東田納西州的第二豐收食品銀行。每瓶售價(jià)30美元的可樂能為有需要的人提供大約42頓飯，到目前為止，該組織已經(jīng)籌集了20多萬美元)”可知，文章講述了威廉為了幫助有食物問題的同學(xué)和社區(qū)，制作并售賣自制香草精，將全部利潤捐給當(dāng)?shù)厥称枫y行，還成立非營利組織。他慷慨地把利潤捐出，且積極幫助他人，所以他是慷慨且樂于助人的。故選B。【7題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“In2020,atage14,WilliamCabanissnoticedthatsomeofhisclassmateswereskippingmealsduetofoodinsecurity,andhewantedtodosomething.(2020年，14歲的威廉?卡巴尼斯注意到他的一些同學(xué)因?yàn)槭澄锏貌坏奖Ｕ隙怀詵|西，他想為此做點(diǎn)什么)”和第三段中“Oneday,whilebakingapanofcakesandaddingvanilla,herealizedhecouldeasilyproducehisownvanillaextractratherthanpurchasingitatthesupermarket.Thenhetooktheideaastepfurtherbyplanningtosellthevanillaextractanddonateallprofitstothelocalfoodbankwherehevolunteered.(一天，當(dāng)他烤一盤蛋糕并加入香草時(shí)，他意識(shí)到他可以很容易地自己制作香草精，而不是在超市購買。然后，他進(jìn)一步提出了這個(gè)想法，計(jì)劃出售香草精，并將所有利潤捐給他志愿服務(wù)的當(dāng)?shù)厥称枫y行)”可知，文章主要圍繞少年威廉通過制作售賣自制香草精來為當(dāng)?shù)厥称枫y行籌集資金展開。B項(xiàng)“ATeenStartedBusinesstoRaiseFundsforLocalFoodBank(一名青少年創(chuàng)業(yè)為當(dāng)?shù)厥称枫y行籌集資金)”可以作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。CAnewresearchfindspeoplewhobrag(吹噓)abouttheirstresslevelsareseenaslesscompetentandlesslikablebytheirco-workers.“Thisisabehaviorwe’veallseenandweallmightbeguiltyofatsomepoint,”saysJessicaRodell,leadauthorofthestudyinthejournalPersonnelPsychology.“WhenIwaswonderingaboutwhypeopledothis,Ithoughtmaybewearetalkingaboutourstressbecausewewanttoprovewe’regoodenough.Wefoundoutthatoftenhastheoppositeeffect.”360participantscomparedstatementsfromimaginaryco-workerswhojustreturnedfromaconference.Participantsratedtheirimaginaryco-workeronlikability,competence,andthelikelihoodtheywouldhelptheco-workeratwork.Inthesurvey,thestress-braggingcolleaguedescribedtheconferenceas“justonemorethingonmyfullplate.AndIwasalreadystressedtothemax…youhavenoideathestressthatIamunder.”Participantsratedthatpersonassignificantlylesslikableandlesscompetentthansomeonewhosaidworkhadbeenstressfulorwhojusttalkedabouthowgreattheconferencewas.Participantsalsosaidtheywouldbelesslikelytohelpthecomplainingco-workersiftheywereoverburdenedatwork.Theresearchersalsofoundemployeeswithco-workerswhobragaboutstressoftenreportedhigherlevelsofpersonalstressandburnout.“Braggingaboutstresscreatestheperceptionthathighstresslevelsareanexpectedandnormalpartoftheworkculture,”Rodellsays.“Whensomebodyisconstantlytalkingaboutandbraggingabouttheirstress,itmakesstressseemlikeagoodthing,”Rodelladds.“Itjustspillsoverontotheco-workersnexttothem.Theywindupfeelingmorestressed,whichleadstohigherburnoutorwithdrawalfromtheirwork.”“It’snotthebeingstressedpartthat’saproblem,”shesays.“Ifyoureallyfeelstressed,it’sOKtofindtherightpersontosharewithandtalkaboutit.Butbemindfulthatstressisnotanhonortobebraggedabout—thatwillhavetheoppositeeffect.”8.WhatdoesJessicaRodellmeanbysayingtheunderlinedsentence?A.Braggingaboutstresslevelsiscommon.B.Onlyafewpeoplebragabouttheirstresslevels.C.Manypeopleliketobragabouttheiraccomplishments.D.Researchersfeelguiltyabouttalkingaboutstresswithothers.9.WhymightpeopletalkabouttheirstresslevelsaccordingtoJessicaRodell?A.Tomakefriendsatwork. B.Toseekhelpfromothers.C.Toshowtheyareverybusy. D.Toprovetheyarecompetent.10.Whatdidtheparticipantscompareinthesurvey?A.Differentmethodsofstressmanagement.B.Theirownstresslevelswiththoseoftheirco-workers.C.Theproductivitylevelsbeforeandaftertheconference.D.Statementsfromimaginaryco-workersattendingtheconference.11.Howdoesone’sconstantstressbraggingaffecthisorherco-workers?A.Itmotivatesthemtoworkharder. B.Itletsthemfeelmorestressed.C.Itmakesthemfeellesscompetent. D.Itencouragesthemtoseekpromotions.【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了《人事心理學(xué)》雜志的一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，吹噓自己壓力水平的人被同事視為能力較差，也不太討人喜歡。【8題詳析】句意猜測(cè)題。劃線句中“Thisisabehaviorwe’veallseenandweallmightbeguiltyofatsomepoint,(這是我們都見過的行為，我們都可能在某個(gè)時(shí)候?yàn)榇烁械嚼⒕芜^)”中的主語This指代上文“bragabouttheirstresslevels(吹噓自己的壓力水平)”，因此根據(jù)句中的兩個(gè)all可以推測(cè)出，杰西卡·羅德爾所說的劃線句的意思是吹噓壓力水平的現(xiàn)象是很常見的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“WhenIwaswonderingaboutwhypeopledothis,Ithoughtmaybewearetalkingaboutourstressbecausewewanttoprovewe’regoodenough.(當(dāng)我想知道為什么人們會(huì)這樣做時(shí)，我想也許我們談?wù)撐覀兊膲毫κ且驗(yàn)槲覀兿胱C明我們足夠好)”可知，談?wù)搲毫Υ蟮娜耸且驗(yàn)樗麄兿胱C明自己足夠好，由此可以推知，JessicaRodell認(rèn)為人們吹噓壓力是為了展示自己很有能力。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“360participantscomparedstatementsfromimaginaryco-workerswhojustreturnedfromaconference.(360名參與者比較了剛從會(huì)議中回來的假想同事的陳述)”可知，參與者比較的是參加會(huì)議的假想同事的陳述。故選D項(xiàng)。【11題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresearchersalsofoundemployeeswithco-workerswhobragaboutstressoftenreportedhigherlevelsofpersonalstressandburnout.(研究人員還發(fā)現(xiàn)，和吹噓壓力的人做同事，他們的個(gè)人壓力和倦怠程度往往更高)”及“Whensomebodyisconstantlytalkingaboutandbraggingabouttheirstress,itmakesstressseemlikeagoodthing,...Itjustspillsoverontotheco-workersnexttothem.Theywindupfeelingmorestressed,whichleadstohigherburnoutorwithdrawalfromtheirwork.(吹噓壓力會(huì)讓人覺得，高壓力是工作文化中意料之中、正常的一部分……這只會(huì)影響到他們旁邊的同事。他們最終會(huì)感到更大的壓力，從而導(dǎo)致更高的倦怠或?qū)ぷ鞯耐丝s)”可知，一個(gè)人不斷吹噓壓力，這只會(huì)蔓延到他旁邊的同事身上，他的同事最終會(huì)感到壓力更大。故選B項(xiàng)。DStrugglingtofitworkoutsintoyourbusyweek?You’renotalone.Newresearchsuggeststhat“weekendwarriors(勇士)”whopackatleast150minutesofexerciseintooneortwodaysenjoysimilarhealthbenefitstothosewhospreadworkoutsthroughouttheweek.Anotherrecentstudyfoundthatbeingaweekendwarriorreducedtheriskofcognitiveconditionssuchasdementia,Parkinson’sdisease,stroke,anddepressivedisorders.Livingasedentary(久坐不動(dòng)的)lifestyleraisesaperson’sriskofarangeofailments,includingcardiovasculardisease,Type-2diabetes,stroke,cancer,depression,andanxiety.AbouthalfofallAmericanshavechronicdiseasesthatcouldbepreventedwiththehelpofregularphysicalactivity,accordingtotheU.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServices.Thenearly90,000peoplewhosedatatheresearchersanalyzedinthenewstudyweredividedintothreecategories:regularexerciser,weekendwarrior,andtheinactive.Comparedtothosewhodidn’texercise,regularexercisersandweekendwarriorshadalowerriskofmorethan260diseasesoversixyears.TheprotectivebenefitsforType-2diabeteswerehighest,with43percentlowerriskfortheweekendwarriorand46percentlowerriskfortheregularexerciser,respectively.“Notimetoexercise?Just5minutesstillhasabigimpact.Theresearchaddstoearlierstudiesthatshowthatanyamountofphysicalactivitycountsandallowspeoplesomeflexibility,”saysSaraK.Rosenkranz,anexercisephysiologistandassociateprofessorofkinesiologyandnutritionsciencesattheUniversityofNevadaLasVegas.“Ifyou’renotregularlygettingmoderate-to-vigorous(中度到劇烈的)physicalactivitythroughouttheweekbuthavetimetodoitontheweekend,youcandosomethingyouenjoy,likeabikerideorahike,”shesays.“Thethingtokeepinmindisthatitdoesn’ttakemuch.Evenifit’sjustafewminutesofmoderate-to-vigorousphysicalactivityhereorthere,you’regoingtogetabenefit.Workingoutevenoneortwodaysaweekalsolowertheriskofmooddisorders,whichisanothermajorbenefit,”addsRosenkranz.12.Whatdoesthenewstudytellus?A.Weekendworkoutsarealsobeneficialtous.B.Mostpeoplechoosetoexerciseonweekends.C.Weekendwarriorsarehealthierthanregularexercisers.D.Fewpeoplecankeepworkingoutdailyandconsistently.13.Whichcanprobablyreplacetheunderlinedword“ailments”inparagraph3?A.Injuries. B.Consequences. C.Emotions. D.Illnesses.14.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Theresultoftheresearch. B.Theprocessoftheresearch.C.ThehealthstatusofAmericans. D.Thedataoftheresearchobjects.15.WhatdoesRosenkranzprobablyagreewith?A.Thetimeofexercisingmattersalot. B.Wehadbetterexerciseeveryweekday.C.Aslongasweexercise,itcountsalot. D.Takingexercisedoesn’ttakemuchenergy.【答案】12.A13.D14.A15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。一項(xiàng)最新研究表明：對(duì)于工作日很難安排出時(shí)間鍛煉身體的人而言，在周末安排相應(yīng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)鍛煉同樣具有好處，一樣能降低很多疾病的發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Newresearchsuggeststhat“weekendwarriors(勇士)”whopackatleast150minutesofexerciseintooneortwodaysenjoysimilarhealthbenefitstothosewhospreadworkoutsthroughouttheweek.(“周末勇士”在一到兩天內(nèi)至少鍛煉150分鐘，與那些在一周內(nèi)分散鍛煉的人獲得的健康益處相似。)”可知，新的研究表明，在一兩天內(nèi)完成至少150分鐘鍛煉的“周末勇士”和那些在一周內(nèi)分散鍛煉的人享受類似的健康益處，即周末鍛煉對(duì)我們也有益處。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞句中“…includingcardiovasculardisease,Type-2diabetes,stroke,cancer,depression,andanxiety.(包括心血管疾病、2型糖尿病、中風(fēng)、癌癥、抑郁和焦慮。)”以及后一句中“AbouthalfofallAmericanshavechronicdiseases(大約一半的美國人患有慢性疾病。)”可知，久坐不動(dòng)的生活方式會(huì)增加一個(gè)人患上一系列“ailments”的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，后面列舉的“cardiovasculardisease,Type-2diabetes,stroke,cancer,depression,andanxiety”都是疾病，所以“ailments”意思是“疾病”，D選項(xiàng)“illnesses”（疾病）符合。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Thenearly90,000peoplewhosedatatheresearchersanalyzedinthenewstudyweredividedintothreecategories:regularexerciser,weekendwarrior,andtheinactive.Comparedtothosewhodidn’texercise,regularexercisersandweekendwarriorshadalowerriskofmorethan260diseasesoversixyears.TheprotectivebenefitsforType-2diabeteswerehighest,with43percentlowerriskfortheweekendwarriorand46percentlowerriskfortheregularexerciser,respectively.(在這項(xiàng)新研究中，研究人員分析了近9萬人的數(shù)據(jù)，將他們分為三類：定期鍛煉者、周末戰(zhàn)士和不運(yùn)動(dòng)者。與那些不鍛煉的人相比，經(jīng)常鍛煉和周末運(yùn)動(dòng)的人在六年內(nèi)患260多種疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較低。對(duì)2型糖尿病的保護(hù)作用是最大的，周末戰(zhàn)士的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低了43%，定期鍛煉者的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低了46%。)”可知，主要講述了研究人員對(duì)近9萬人的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析，將他們分為三類，然后比較了不同類別與不鍛煉的人在六年內(nèi)患260多種疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)情況，這是研究的結(jié)果。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Notimetoexercise?Just5minutesstillhasabigimpact.Theresearchaddstoearlierstudiesthatshowthatanyamountofphysicalactivitycountsandallowspeoplesomeflexibility(“沒時(shí)間鍛煉？”僅僅5分鐘也有很大的影響。這項(xiàng)研究補(bǔ)充了早期的研究，表明任何數(shù)量的體育活動(dòng)都是重要的，并使人們有一定的靈活性)”以及“Evenifit’sjustafewminutesofmoderate-to-vigorousphysicalactivityhereorthere,you’regoingtogetabenefit.Workingoutevenoneortwodaysaweekalsolowertheriskofmooddisorders,whichisanothermajorbenefit(即使只是在這里或那里進(jìn)行幾分鐘中等到高強(qiáng)度的體育活動(dòng)，你也會(huì)從中受益。即使每周鍛煉一到兩天也能降低患情緒障礙的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這是另一個(gè)主要好處。)”可知，Rosenkranz認(rèn)為只要鍛煉就很重要，即使只有幾分鐘的中度到劇烈的體育活動(dòng)，也會(huì)有好處，一周鍛煉一兩天也能降低情緒障礙的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Buildingasharedgratitudepracticecanhaveaprofoundimpactonaschool’scultureandtheemotionalhealthandbelongingofstudentsandstaff.Here’swhattodo.___16___Schoolleadershipcanstartbyanalyzingwhatalreadyguidestheschoolandcomeupwithalist.Youcanfinalizethelistwithstaff,orevenincludestudentsintheprocess.Besuretoincludebehaviorsoutsideofacademicorgoodbehavior—notjusteffortorhelpingothers.Forexample,patienceisanon-academicbehaviorthatnonethelesssupportsacademicsuccessandrelationships.___17___Talkaboutvaluedbehaviorswithstudents.Inthisprocess,ithelpstodefinewhatthesetofexpectedbehaviorslooksandsoundslikeinstudent-accessiblelanguagewithstudentsthemselves.___18___Forexample,SunsetBeachElementarySchoolchoseresponsibilityastheirgoalinJanuary.Thestafffirstspendafewminutesatastaffmeetingdefiningwhatthetermlooksandsoundslikebeforefacilitatingthesameactivitywithstudents.___19___Namingthingspeoplewouldsayordothatthegroupbelievesqualifyasresponsibilityandnotsomethingelseishard.Theeffort,however,buildsamoreprecise,inclusive,andsharedunderstandingofwhatcountsandwhatdoesnot.Co-definingtermswithstudentsusingexamplesandlanguagetheycanunderstandandfindculturallyrelevantandinclusiveincreasesstudentbuy-in,access,andopportunitytofeelvaluedbythecommunity.___20___Therefore,youhaveaworkingsetofcriteriaforeveryonetocalibrate(校準(zhǔn))aroundastheypracticethankingothersforthespecificbehaviorwhentheyseeandhearit.Rememberasimple“thankyou”cancreatethetypeofschoolclimatewhereeveryonecanthrive.A.Soarecourageandcaring.B.Choosebehaviorstoappreciate.C.Buildaschoolwidegratitudepractice.D.Thiscanbesurprisinglydifficulttodo.E.Believeitornot,it’snoteasytobealeaderofaschool.F.Schoolsoftenstartwithasinglebehaviorasthethemeforamonth.G.Stickthegroupdefinitionofresponsibilityonthewallforthemonth.【答案】16.B17.A18.F19.D20.G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了建立共享感恩實(shí)踐對(duì)學(xué)校文化及師生情感和歸屬感有深遠(yuǎn)影響及具體做法?！?6題詳析】由上文“Buildingasharedgratitudepracticecanhaveaprofoundimpactonaschool’scultureandtheemotionalhealthandbelongingofstudentsandstaff.Here’swhattodo.(建立共同的感恩實(shí)踐可以對(duì)學(xué)校文化以及學(xué)生和教職員工的情感健康和歸屬感產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)影響。以下是要做的事情。)”及下文“Schoolleadershipcanstartbyanalyzingwhatalreadyguidestheschoolandcomeupwithalist.Youcanfinalizethelistwithstaff,orevenincludestudentsintheprocess.Besuretoincludebehaviorsoutsideofacademicorgoodbehavior—notjusteffortorhelpingothers.(學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)可以從分析已經(jīng)指導(dǎo)學(xué)校的因素開始，并列出一個(gè)清單。你可以和教職員工一起確定清單，甚至可以讓學(xué)生參與這個(gè)過程。一定要包括學(xué)術(shù)或良好行為之外的行為——不僅僅是努力或幫助他人。)”可知，本空應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)要確定一些行為，也就是選擇要感激的行為。B選項(xiàng)“Choosebehaviorstoappreciate.(選擇要感激的行為。)”能承上啟下，符合題意。故選B?！?7題詳析】由上文“Besuretoincludebehaviorsoutsideofacademicorgoodbehavior—notjusteffortorhelpingothers.Forexample,patienceisanon-academicbehaviorthatnonethelesssupportsacademicsuccessandrelationships.(一定要包括學(xué)術(shù)或良好行為之外的行為——不僅僅是努力或幫助他人。例如，耐心是一種非學(xué)術(shù)行為，但它仍然有助于學(xué)術(shù)成功和人際關(guān)系。)”可知，上文舉例說明一些非學(xué)業(yè)行為也很重要，本空應(yīng)繼續(xù)列舉類似的行為。A選項(xiàng)“Soarecourageandcaring.(勇氣和關(guān)心也是如此。)”承接上文，進(jìn)一步舉例說明其他非學(xué)術(shù)行為，符合題意。故選A?！?8題詳析】由上文“Talkaboutvaluedbehaviorswithstudents.Inthisprocess,ithelpstodefinewhatthesetofexpectedbehaviorslooksandsoundslikeinstudent-accessiblelanguagewithstudentsthemselves.(與學(xué)生談?wù)撌苤匾暤男袨椤Ｔ谶@個(gè)過程中，有助于使用學(xué)生易于理解的語言，與學(xué)生一同明確這套預(yù)期行為的具體表現(xiàn)和樣子。)”和下文“Forexample,SunsetBeachElementarySchoolchoseresponsibilityastheirgoalinJanuary.(例如，日落海灘小學(xué)在一月份選擇了“責(zé)任感”作為他們的目標(biāo)。)”可知，上文描述與學(xué)生談?wù)撌苤匾暤男袨?。下文舉例說明學(xué)校會(huì)選擇一個(gè)行為作為主題，本空應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)為談?wù)撌苤匾暤男袨閷W(xué)校的措施，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Schoolsoftenstartwithasinglebehaviorasthethemeforamonth.(學(xué)校通常以一種單一的行為作為一個(gè)月的主題開始。)”能承上啟下，符合題意。故選F?！?9題詳析】由上文“Thestafffirstspendafewminutesatastaffmeetingdefiningwhatthetermlooksandsoundslikebeforefacilitatingthesameactivitywithstudents.(教職工首先會(huì)在教職工會(huì)議上花幾分鐘時(shí)間定義這個(gè)詞看起來和聽起來是什么樣的，然后再與學(xué)生一起開展同樣的活動(dòng)。)”以及下文“Namingthingspeoplewouldsayordothatthegroupbelievesqualifyasresponsibilityandnotsomethingelseishard.(說出或做出群體認(rèn)為符合責(zé)任而不是其他事情的行為是很難的。)”可知，本空應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)定義責(zé)任這個(gè)行為并不容易。D選項(xiàng)“Thiscanbesurprisinglydifficulttodo.(這做起來可能會(huì)出乎意料地困難。)”能承上啟下，符合語境，這里的This指代上文定義責(zé)任的行為，且引出了下文關(guān)于定義困難的描述。故選D?！?0題詳析】由上文“Co-definingtermswithstudentsusingexamplesandlanguagetheycanunderstandandfindculturallyrelevantandinclusiveincreasesstudentbuy-in,access,andopportunitytofeelvaluedbythecommunity.(使用學(xué)生能夠理解且在文化上相關(guān)并具有包容性的例子和語言與學(xué)生共同定義術(shù)語，會(huì)增加學(xué)生的認(rèn)同感、參與度以及感受到被社區(qū)重視的機(jī)會(huì)。)”及下文“Therefore,youhaveaworkingsetofcriteriaforeveryonetocalibrate(校準(zhǔn))aroundastheypracticethankingothersforthespecificbehaviorwhentheyseeandhearit.(因此，當(dāng)每個(gè)人看到和聽到特定行為時(shí)，在他們練習(xí)感謝他人的這種行為時(shí)，你就有了一套可行的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)供大家校準(zhǔn)。)”可知，這里應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)把共同定義的內(nèi)容展示出來以便大家校準(zhǔn)，G選項(xiàng)“Stickthegroupdefinitionofresponsibilityonthewallforthemonth.(把團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)“責(zé)任感”的定義貼在墻上一個(gè)月。)”符合語境，起到了承上啟下的作用。故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ManyyearsagowhenIhadaradioprogram,oneofmylistenerscalledmea“scavenger(拾荒者)”.Itwasn’tmeanttobea(n)___21___.Infact,Itookitasagreat___22___towhatIdid.Shewentontosay,“Youscavengethroughlifetofindthingsthataresoimportantyet___23___bymostpeople.”I___24___itbysayingthatsometimesthemostimportantthingsareso___25___thattheybecomethebackgroundofourlives.Likewatchingamovie,Ioftenlistentothemain___26___butwatchthepeopleintheback—the“extras(群眾演員)”,astheyarecalled.That’swheretheproblem___27___.Wetakepeople,places,momentsforgrantedandseethemas“extras”.AlmostliketheshowAmericanPickers.Thetwomaincharactersscavengeforthingsthat,bythemselvesaresignificant,but___28___inpilesofdebris(廢墟).Nevertakeanythingoranyoneforgranted.Iunderstoodthis___29___lastyear,whenI____30____somethingthathappenedeverydayduringthesummer.Atdusk,thesun____31____behindourhomeandforjustafewminutes,thesunlight____32____thetrees.Itookthatpicturewithmyphone.Itmadeforanicepicturebutmuchmorethanthat.Itisa____33____thatIhadlived,thatIhadmadeitthroughanotherdayanditismore____34____thangold.Everysunsetis____35____.Everysunriseisaproofthatlifehasgivenyouanotherchance.21.A.compliment B.joke C.offense D.surprise22.A.criticism B.praise C.challenge D.responsibility23.A.appreciated B.noticed C.valued D.overlooked24.A.confirmed B.clarified C.doubted D.rejected25.A.obvious B.complicated C.impressive D.mysterious26.A.plots B.scenes C.themes D.characters27.A.slips B.begins C.continues D.ends28.A.buried B.exposed C.displayed D.preserved29.A.knowledge B.word C.truth D.problem30.A.denied B.forgot C.imagined D.discovered31.A.set B.passed C.glowed D.stopped32.A.tookin B.cutoff C.brokethrough D.fedon33.A.mark B.memory C.symbol D.reminder34.A.popular B.heavy C.valuable D.natural35.A.critical B.different C.similar D.ordinary【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.B25.A26.D27.B28.A29.C30.D31.A32.C33.D34.C35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過自己做廣播節(jié)目時(shí)聽眾的評(píng)價(jià)以及對(duì)生活中常見事物的觀察，感悟到不要把任何事物或人視為理所當(dāng)然，要珍惜生活中的每一個(gè)瞬間?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這并不是要冒犯我。A.compliment贊美；B.joke玩笑；C.offense冒犯；D.surprise驚喜。根據(jù)上文“oneofmylistenerscalledmea“scavenger(拾荒者)””和下文“Infact,Itookitasagreat”可知下文提到作者實(shí)際上認(rèn)為這是好的，可推理出作者并不認(rèn)為被稱作“拾荒者”是一種冒犯，故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，我把它當(dāng)作對(duì)我所做事情的極大贊美。A.criticism批評(píng)；B.praise贊美；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.responsibility責(zé)任。根據(jù)下文“Infact,Itookitasagreat”可知上文提到作者并不認(rèn)為被稱作“拾荒者”是一種冒犯，反而認(rèn)為是好的，分析選項(xiàng)，B項(xiàng)“praise贊美”表示的含義符合語境，作者把它當(dāng)作對(duì)所做事情的極大贊美，故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你在生活中搜尋那些非常重要但卻被大多數(shù)人忽視的東西。A.appreciated欣賞；感激；B.noticed注意到；C.valued重視；D.overlooked忽視。根據(jù)下文“theybecomethebackgroundofourlives”可知下文說的是這些東西成為了我們生活的背景，可推理出此處說的是重要但被忽視的東西，故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我通過說有時(shí)候最重要的東西是如此明顯以至于它們成為了我們生活的背景來澄清這一點(diǎn)。A.confirmed確認(rèn)；B.clarified澄清；C.doubted懷疑；D.rejected拒絕。根據(jù)下文“sayingthatsometimesthemostimportantthingsareso”可知下文說的是作者要談最重要的東西的情況，可推理出作者是在對(duì)聽眾的話進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的解釋說明，即澄清，故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我通過說有時(shí)候最重要的東西是如此明顯以至于它們成為了我們生活的背景來澄清這一點(diǎn)。A.obvious明顯的；B.complicated復(fù)雜的；C.impressive印象深刻的；D.mysterious神秘的。根據(jù)上文“themostimportantthings”以及下文“theybecomethebackgroundofourlives”可知上文說的是最重要的東西，下文說的是成為了我們生活的背景，可推理出此處說的是有時(shí)候最重要的東西是如此明顯以至于它們成為了我們生活的背景，故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就像看電影一樣，我經(jīng)常傾聽主要角色但卻看后面的人——也就是所謂的“群眾演員”。A.plots情節(jié)；B.scenes場景；C.themes主題；D