上海市2023-2024學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期期末考試含解析

Page622023學(xué)年第二學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測高一英語試卷說明：（1）本場考試時間為120分鐘，總分150分；（2）請認真答卷，并用規(guī)范文字書寫。I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.For20minutes. B.For25minutes. C.For45minutes. D.For65minutes.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Inabank. B.Inasupermarket. C.Atatouristagency. D.Atalaundry.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Anofficesecretary. B.Aheadnurse.C.Arealestateagent. D.Ahotelreceptionist.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.It’ssunnyandwarm. B.It’srainyandcold.C.It’ssunnybutcold. D.It’srainybutwarm.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】ATheyaretwins. B.Theyareclassmates.C.Theyarefriends. D.Theyarecolleagues.6.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Reasonable. B.Bright. C.Serious. D.Ridiculous.7.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Sendleaflets. B.Gosightseeing. C.Dosomegardening. D.Visitalawyer.8.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Thelibraryisclosedonweekends. B.Hehadnoideawherethebookwas.C.Hedidn’tgetthebookheneeded. D.Hedidn’thavetimetogotothelibrary.9.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Theapartmentwasprovidedwithsomeoldfurniture.BThefurnishedapartmentwasnotexpensive.C.ThefurnitureinthemarketwasonsaleeverySunday.D.Thefurnitureheboughtwasrathercheap.10.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Internetsurfing. B.StockexchangingC.Mountainclimbing. D.Jobhunting.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillhearashortpassageandalongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassageandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.A.ZerodegreesCelsius. B.MinusfifteendegreesCelsius.C.MinustwentydegreesCelsius. D.MinusfiftydegreesCelsius.12.A.Foruptooneyear. B.Fortwenty-fourhours.C.Forafewhours. D.Forafewweeks.13.A.Afterfoodshavebeenunfrozen,theycanbefrozenagain.B.Whetherthefreezingprocessisfasthasnothingtodowiththetasteofthefood.C.Tostartthefreezingprocess,itisimportanttolowerthetemperaturetozerodegreesCelsius.D.Generally,iffrozenfoodisleftunfrozenformorethantwenty-fourhourswithoutbeingeaten,itmustbethrownaway.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.A.Hewasananti-racistactivist.B.Hehadbeeninprisonformanyyears.C.HewastheleaderoftheAfricanNationalCongress.D.Hewonpresidencyinafullyrepresentativedemocraticelection.15.A.ThewinningoftheNobelPeacePrize.B.Thetransitiontomulti-racialdemocracyinSouthAfrica.C.ThecompetitionforthehonorarytitleofMadiba.D.ThenegotiationbetweentheAfricancountries.16.A.TobeinmemoryofthedeathofMandela.B.TocelebrateMandela’sbeingelectedasPresident.C.TomarkMandela’scontributiontoworldfreedom.D.Tohonorthemulti-racialdemocracyinSouthAfrica.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.A.Medicine. B.Education.C.Worldhistory. D.Foreigncommerce.18.A.Becauseshewantsherdaughtertobeadoctororateacher.B.Becausefewpeoplechooseforeigncommerceastheirmajornowadays.C.Becauseshehasseenthebankruptcyofmanybigcompanies.D.Becausetheworldisundereconomiccrisisandcommerceisnolongerhot.19.A.Alifeinwhichshecanenjoypeople’srespect.B.Alifewithoutstressandworry.C.Alifeinwhichshecanforeseeherfuture.D.Alifefullofdifferentchances.20.A.Theworldeconomyishopefullyonthewayofrecovery.B.Theworldeconomyisgettingworsesoonerorlater.C.Howtheworldeconomywillbeisunpredictable.D.Theworldeconomyisactuallynotbadatall.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Choosethebestanswertocompletethesentence.21.Thenameofthehumblebreadvariesgreatly________differentareasofBritain,withsomenames________inGerman.A.across…originating B.throughout…originatedC.across…originated D.with…originate22.________theauthenticflavor,theteamoftheserieshiredfourexpertstocheckondetailon-site,fromritualstocostumestodialogue.A.Ensuring B.Toensure C.Ensured D.Havingensured23.Thecompetitionchallengedyoungpeople________anewwordoftheirown________theythoughtwasmissingfromtheEnglishlanguage.A.comingupwith…/ B.tocomeupwith…whichC.comingupwith…that D.tocomeupwith…/24.________employmentandincomearetiedtoeliminatingunhappiness,theelementthatmakesworksatisfactoryandmeaningfulistheservicetoothers.A.While B.If C.Until D.Unless25.AstudyofthecarbonfootprintoflargeAImodelsshowsthattrainingasingleAImodelcouldresultincarbonemissionfivetimes________theaverageAmericancarinitslifetime.A.what B./ C.thatof D.asmuch26.Domestichorsesrequireregularmaintenancetopreventovergrowthofkeratin(角蛋白),which,if________,cancripplethem.A.leavesitunattended B.leavingunattendedC.leftunattended D.isleftunattended27.Thefieldofrobotics________farlesskeentoinvestigateplantsduetoamisconception________plantsarecapableofneithermotionnorperception.A.hasproved…that B.hasbeenproved…whichC.hasbeenproved…that D.hasproved…which28.EquippedwithbettersystemsthantheLiaoningandShandong,notonly________tolaunchheavieraircraft,butitcanalsoincreasetheirtakeoffspeed.A.doestheFujianaircraftcarrierallowB.theFujianaircraftcarrierallowsC.istheFujianaircraftcarrierallowedD.theFujianaircraftcarrierisallowed29.The28thShanghaiTVFestival,tobeheldfromJune19to23,willbe________toincludeavarietyofevents,includingexhibitions,aTVmarketandforums,throughwhichoverseasbuyersmaytapintooriginalChineseproductions,givingthemglobalexposure.A.employed B.recognized C.programmed D.displayed30.TheChinesesaying“treatingonlytheheadforheadacheandonlythefeetforafootsore,”isacriticismofany________thatfailstoidentifytherootcauseofaproblemandisthusfundamentallyunabletosolveit.A.approach B.consequence C.recreation D.postponement31.Bytheendofhiswritingcareer,IsaacNewtonwas________withproducingmorethan500booksonawiderangeofsubjects,reachingoutnotonlytogalaxiesbutalsothedistantpast.A.flooded B.credited C.impressed D.engaged32.Somestudiessuggestthatchildreninmildlyunhappy,low-conflict,first-marriagefamiliesarebetteroffiftheparents________tillthekidsaregrown.A.tryiton B.hangitup C.takeitoff D.toughitoutSectionBDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TheFascinatingCultureoftheMiaoPeopleTheMiaoethnicityofChinahasalonghistory,richculture,andanancientfolkreligion.____33____(decorate)withbeautifultraditionalclothes,theyliveinuniquelydesignedarchitecture.Throughouthistory,theMiaopeoplewereconstantlymigrating,alwaysonthemove.Inmoremoderntimes,partoftheMiaopeoplegraduallysettleddowninsoutheastAsiancountries.Today,theMiaopeopleinChina____34____(concentrate)ineightprovinces,autonomousregions,andcitiesinsouthwestandsouth-centralChina,____35____GuizhouProvincehasthelargestpopulation.TheMiaopeoplehavelivedthelushvegetationofthemountainsandriverforgenerations.TheMiaolingMountainslocatedinGuizhouProvincearethewatershed(分水嶺)betweenthePearlRiverandtheYangtzeRiver.KailiCity,thecapitalofQiandongnan,isknownasthePearlofMiaolingMountains.Just10kilometersfromthecitycenter,the____36____(wind)crystal-clearBalaRiverrunsthroughthevalleybythecity.Onthecliffsofthepeaksoneithersideoftheriver____37____(sit)aclusterofMiaovillages,scatteredlikepearls.Thepeoplewholiveintheancientvillagesaresincere,kind,hospitable,andhonest.____38____atouristevergetlost,therewerenoneedtoworry.Allthatneedstodoisjustcalloutinaloudvoiceoutsideanycourtyard,“Isanyonehome?I’mlost.”Awoodenwindowwouldopeninstantlyandanelderlypersonwouldsticktheheadout,describing____39____thetouristshouldheadinsimple,basicPutonghua.Thefantasticallycoloredriceterraces(梯田)canbeseenattheedgeofthevillagepath.Theripericeisbentover____40____theywereexpressinggratefulnesstotheearthforgivingitlife.Aftertheharvestisdone,riceisneatlytied-upandarranged,waiting____41____(handle)better.Self-sufficiencyinlivingoffthelandisawayoflifethatMiaofamilieshavehandeddowntotheirdescendantsforgenerations,andtodaytheMiaopeoplestillmaintaintheirtraditionalwayoflifeandwork_____42_____thegazingcrowdsoftouristswhopassthroughtheirvillages.SectionCDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearethreewordsmorethanyouneed.A.aimedB.characterizedC.connectionD.declineE.emergingF.objectiveG.previouslyH.randomlyI.revealedJ.promisingK.shallowWeareincreasinglylearningthatourguts(腸胃)andourbrainsareintimatelylinked.Butwhiletherehasbeenextensiveresearchintohowourdietscanacceleratebrainaging,lessisknownaboutthefoodsthatcanpreventcognitive____43____.“The____44____fieldofNutritionalCognitiveNeuroscienceuncoversspecificfoodsandnutrientsthatpromotebrainhealthacrossthelifespan,”AronBarbey,directoroftheCenterforBrain,BiologyandBehaviorattheUniversityofNebraska-Lincoln,toldNewsweek.“Centraltothiseffortisthediscoveryofnutrientprofilesthatcanbeusedinnutritionalinterventions____45____atenhancingbrainhealth.”Inanewstudy,publishedinthejournalNatureAging,Barbey,JishengWu,andChristopherZwillingusedstate-of-the-arttechnologytoestablishasetofspecificnutrientprofilesassociatedwithbettercognitiveperformanceinadultsovertheageof65,offeringa____46____pathtowardsdesigningnutritionalinterventionstopromotehealthybrainaging.Thestudyinvolved100cognitivelyhealthyparticipantsaged65to75.Theanalysis____47____twotypesofbrainagingamongtheparticipants:acceleratedandslowerthanexpected.Andthosewithslowerbrainaginghadadistinctnutritionalprofile.TheresearcherssaidthatthisnutritionalprofileiscloselylinkedwithnutrientsfoundintheMediterraneandiet,whichhas____48____beenassociatedwithhealthybrainaging.TheMediterraneandietis____49____byadietrichinwholegrains,fruits,vegetables,andoliveoil,withamoderateintakeofcheeseandfishandalimitedintakeofredandprocessedmeat.Thisstudyprovidesamore____50____analysisoftheseassociations.“First,it’soneofthelargestandmostcomprehensivestudiestouseblood-basedbiomarkerstoinvestigatethe____51____betweendietandbrainhealth,”hesaid.“Second,itgoesbeyondtraditionalcognitivetestsbyemployingmultimodalneuroimagingmeasures,andprovidesamorecompletepictureofbrainhealth.”However,Barbeynotedthatfurtherresearchwasneededtoconfirmtheseresults.Observationalstudieslikethisoneneedtobefollowedbycontrolledtrialsconducted_____52_____toconfirmtheeffectivenessoftheidentifiednutrientprofileinpromotingbrainhealth.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionAClozeDirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.DeepfakeAreDeeplyTroublingArecentvideoontheinternethasCocoLee,whodiedlastyear,talkingtoherfansandsaying,“FromthemomentIleftthisworld,Icanalwaysfeelyourendlessloveandsupport.”Thevideolooked____53____,butitwasa“deepfake”createdbyAI.AIhas____54____tothepointwhereithasbecomedifficulttodistinguishwhatisrealfromwhatisn’t.Thesetypesofdeepfakesarenowallovertheinternetwhereweseepeople,usuallycelebritiesandpoliticians,sayingthingswhichtheydidn’treallysay.One“deepfake”hasTaylorSwift____55____abrandofcookware.Some“creative”personusedAItomanipulate(操控)herimageand____56____tomakeitappearthatshewerespeakingfortheproduct.Butthereisamore____57____trendindeepfakesthathasbecomemoreprevalent(普遍的).AswiththeCocoLeedeepfake,therearepeopleusingAIto“resurrect(復(fù)活)”theirlostlovedonesand____58____them.Inonerecenthigh-profilecaseyou’reprobablyawareof,thefamousmusicianBaoXiaobousedAIto“resurrect”hisdaughter,whodiedattheageoftwenty-two.Withthetechnology,heisabletotalktoherandaskherquestions.Thoughheknewitwasfake,hedidn’t____59____becausehemissedherverymuch.The____60____consequencesofnot“l(fā)ettinggo”ofalovedonecanbeserious.Itmaycauseapersontoliveinafantasyworldinsteadofacceptingthehealthyandnecessaryprocessofgrievingand____61____withhisorherlife._____62_____,thereisalegalaspecttoAIdeepfakeswhichhasyettobethoroughlyconsidered.Canadeadperson’simagebemanipulatedtosaythingswhichtheydidn’tsayandwouldn’thavesaidiftheywere_____63_____?Canaperson’simagebecopyrightedtopreventthisfromhappening?Thesearesomeofthequestionsthat_____64_____willhavetoconsider,andcourtswillhavetodecide.In1931,theBritishauthorAldousHuxleywroteanovelcalledBraveNewWorld,whichwasaboutafuture_____65_____bytechnology.Inmanywayswearelivinginthis“BraveNewWorld”andare_____66_____our“humanity”withallitsfaults,virtuesandlimitations.I’msorrythatCocoLeeisgone,andI’msorrythatTinoBao’sdaughterisgone,butgrievingisapartoflife,andgrief,astheysay,isthe_____67_____forlove.53.A.interesting B.affectionate C.joyful D.authentic54.A.sweated B.certified C.progressed D.reacted55.A.crafting B.promoting C.sampling D.releasing56.A.identity B.weight C.mind D.voice57.A.disturbing B.outstanding C.struggling D.entertaining58.A.lookafter B.bringup C.interactwith D.benefitfrom59.A.regret B.admit C.participate D.care60.A.ethical B.psychological C.imaginary D.financial61.A.puttingup B.comingdown C.movingon D.endingup62.A.Relatively B.Consequently C.Likely D.Additionally63.A.conscious B.alive C.present D.mindful64.A.scientists B.creators C.applicants D.lawmakers65.A.threatened B.innovated C.inhabited D.dominated66.A.bombarding B.modifying C.losing D.replacing67.A.signal B.price C.mission D.foundationTakingAVacationCouldHelpYouLiveLongerThinkingaboutskippingvacationdays?Don’t.Oneofthelongestfollow-upstudiesintheworldfindsvacationscanactuallyprolongyourlife.Andifyouthinkyourspinclasses(動感單車課程)andcleaneatingwillmakeupfor____68____yourdreamcruisetripandsaveyoufromyourjam-packed,harddrivinglife,thinkagain.Animproved,healthierlifestyledoesn’t____69____workingtoohardandnottakingyourholidays,UniversityofHelsinkiprofessorTimoStrandbergsaidTuesdayattheannualEuropeanSocietyofCardiology(ESC)Congress.“____70____canbeagoodwaytorelievestress.”ThenewfindingsareapartoftheHelsinkiBusinessmenStudy,researchthatfordecadeshas____71____1,222maleexecutivesbornbetween1919and1934.Eachhadatleastoneriskfactorforheartdisease,forexample,smoking,____72____,orhadhighbloodpressure.Theresearch,whichbeganinthe1960s,____73____intoalongitudinal(縱向的)studyandwasextendedthrough2014,focusinginpartonhowmid-liferiskfactorscanimpactthe____74____inoldage.Forthestudy,themenweresplitintotwogroups.Inonecontrolgroup,menlivedtheirlivesasthey____75____didanddidnotmeetwiththestudy’sinvestigators.Menintheothergroup,a(n)____76____group,weregivenadviceonhowtoimprovetheirhealth.Thesemenwereaskedtoexercise,improvetheirdiets,reachahealthyweightorstopsmoking.Atthestudy’s15-yearcheck-in,Strandbergfoundthatiftheirvacations_____77_____,themenwhoimprovedtheirlifestyleshada37percenthigherchanceofdeathrate.Whatisto_____78_____?Workingtoohard,notsleepingenoughandnottakingenoughvacation.While_____79_____,thisnewresearchwon’tlikelyimpactmostAmericans’vacationhabits.MostAmericanworkersdon’tgetthatmanypaiddaystobeginwith.Eveniftheydohavethetime,manyworkersfeeltheycan’t_____80_____it.Americanshaveputoffvacationbecausetheyfeeltheyhavetoomuchworktodoandtoomanyfamily_____81_____.Giventhatexpertsfindthatvacationcanhelpyoubemoreproductivewhenyoureturntowork,maybeit’stimetoputforwardtherequestforafewdays_____82_____.68.A.extending B.postponing C.planning D.locating69.A.applyfor B.sortout C.compensatefor D.soakup70.A.Vacations B.Work-outs C.Outlets D.Adventures71.A.qualified B.counted C.motivated D.followed72.A.mood B.gender C.obesity D.diet73.A.halved B.fell C.evolved D.looked74.A.perception B.status C.ambition D.well-being75.A.eventually B.usually C.individually D.attentively76.A.intervention B.selection C.witness D.supervision77.A.addedup B.fadedaway C.stoodout D.fellshort78.A.emerge B.blame C.escape D.rescue79.A.dramatic B.ideal C.awkward D.delicate80.A.exclude B.afford C.involve D.stretch81.A.operations B.versions C.obligations D.generations82.A.over B.in C.down D.offSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)APilgrimagetoMontBlancItwasonagreywinter’sdayinmyparents’houseoutsideGlasgowthatIfirstsuggestedMontBlancinsummer.IknewIshouldmakemoreefforttospendtimewithmy74-year-olddad,butwhatIwasproposingathisagewasarisk.Aten-dayhikearoundoneofEurope’shighestmountainsseemedalittleextreme.“Oldagedoesn’tcomealone,”hereplied,implyingthememorylossfromarecentlife-threateningstroke.Yet,tostirmemoryinlong-forgottenfootprintsseemedliketherightthingtodo.Webookedaflight,andfourmonthslater,arrivedintheshadowofMontBlancinChamonix,France.Thatfirstsunlitafternoon,itwasinstantlyobviousthatwehadmadetherightdecision.Thepathwayaheadwasquiet.Quick-footedhikerswalkedpastus,eyesfocusedonaridge(山脊)thatmarchedsouthtotheItalianborder.Buttherewasnosignofworryonmyhikingpartner’sbrow.Onlydetermination.Mydad’saccountsofhistimeinthemountainsremainamongthedefiningstoriesofmychildhood.ThefirsttimeitleftitsmarkonmewaswhenIuncoveredajunkboxfullofprojectorslidestakeninthesummerof1970,whenheandtwoofhisfriendscompletedapreviouslyuntriedrouteuptheoverwhelminglydangerousNorthFaceoftheEigerinSwitzerland.Thatwasnowmorethanhalfhislifetimeago.And,yet,herewewere,marchingsidebysidearoundtheMontBlanc,tracinganinvisibleroutewithourfingersoverthesameharshsummitshehadconqueredlongago.WhatIhadalwaysseenasanobsessionwiththemountainsrevealeditselftobeabondthatIneverknewwehad.Bytheendoftheweek,Isensedwemayhaveachievedwhatwebothhadthoughtimpossible.WemadeourfinalpushtowardstheColduBréventabovetheChamonixvalley.Weclimbedupintoanarrowworldofstone,meetingMontBlancfaceon.Tocapturethemoment,Itookaphoto,butonlythendiditdawnonmethatitwasnearlythesamecompositionasonaslideIhadfirstseeninoneofthosejunkboxes.Therewasthatsmile,thoseeyesfixedonthehorizon,thebeautifulAlpineridgesofMontBlanccrowdingoutthebackground.Forasplitsecond,itlookedasifnothinghadchanged.83.Accordingtothearticle,whatmainlymotivatedtheauthortotakehisfatheronahikearoundMontBlanc?A.Hisfather’soldageandpoorhealth.B.Hisfather’smemorylossfromastroke.C.Hisdreamoftravelingwithhisfatheragain.D.HiswishtovisitoneofEurope’shighestmountains.84.WhatcanwelearnaboutthehikearoundMontBlancfromthearticle?A.Theypassedthroughthreecountriesintendays.B.Theauthor’sfatherwasinitiallyconfidentofdoingit.C.Itchangedtheauthor’sattitudetowardshisfather’shobby.D.Itbroughtbackthepleasantmemoriesoftheauthor’sfather.85.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sfather?A.Ahopelesspatient. B.Anadventurousclimber.C.Aresponsiblefather. D.Anappreciativephotographer.86.Whatdidtheauthorrealizeaftertakingthefamilypicture?A.Itwasnevertoolatetoaccompanyhisfather.B.Heandhisfatherchangedwithtimepassingby.C.Everythingchangeswithtimeexceptthemountains.D.Thefather’spassionforthemountainsdidn’tfadewithage.(B)IsLightDairyBetter?Therearealwaystwochoicesontheshelfwhenwereachforthemilk,cheeseoryoghurt:normalorlight.Lessfatisbetter,right?Butwhataboutthegoodnessthatcanbefoundindairy—Isitallthereinthereduced-fatversion?Fiveexpertsfromvariousfieldswereaskediflightdairyproductswerebetterforourhealth.Herearetheirdetailedresponses.CarylNowson,NutritionistSwitchingfromfull-fatdairyproductstolow-fatreducesenergyintake,therebypreventingweightgainaswellasreducingsaturatedfat(飽和脂肪)intake.Consumptionofsaturatedfatraisescholesterol(膽固醇)levelsintheblood,whichincreasestheriskofheartdisease.Soreducingsaturatedfatintakecanassistinreducingtheriskofheartdiseaseandstroke.MalcolmRiley,EpidemiologistLightdairyproductsaregreatforpeoplewhowanttolowertheirfatintake.Theycontainmostofthenutritionalbenefitsthatcanbefoundinfull-fatdairyfoods,despitecontaining25percentto100percentlessfatthantheirregulardairyfoodequivalents.However,itisimportanttonotethatlightdairyfoodsmaybehigherinsomeothernutrients,suchassugar.Italwayspaystoreadthenutritiontagandtheingredientslistcarefully.NicholasFuller,ObesityResearcherBothfull-fatandlow-fatdairyfoodshavethesamebenefitsforourhearthealth.Themostimportantthingisthatapersonincludesdairyproductsintheirdiet,orsuitabledairy-freealternativesthatarecalcium-enriched(富含鈣質(zhì)的),suchassoy.Untilweknowforsuretheeffectoffull-fatversuslow-fatdairyonourweightandwaistlines,peopleshouldstickwithlow-fatproductsaspartoftheirdailyeatingplan.EvangelineMantzioris,FoodScientistArecentstudywhichfollowedpeoplefor22yearsfoundnonegativelinkbetweenhearthealthanddairyconsumption—whetheritisfull-fatorlow-fatdairy.Socurrentlytheevidencesuggeststhatlightdairymakesnodifferenceintermsofourriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeath.Forthosewhoseektomanagetheirweight,thedifferenceinenergyintakemayhaveasignificantimpactontheirsuccess.RobynDelbridge,DietitianLightdairyfoodsarenotnecessarilybetterthanfull-fatdairyfoods.Overall,evidencesupportstheconclusionthatdairyfoods,regardlessoffatcontent,involvealowriskofthepotentialharmfuleffectsofhighbloodpressure.Fermented(發(fā)酵的)dairysuchasyoghurtandcheesemaybebeneficialforhearthealth.Thechoiceoffull-fatversusthatoflow-fatfoodsshouldbemadebasedonyourwholedietpattern.87.Accordingtothearticle,________outofthefiveexpertsbelievedthatlightdairyproductswerebetterforourhealth.A.one B.two C.three D.four88.Accordingtothearticle,________and________holdcontraryopinionsabouttherelationshipbetweendairyproductsandhearthealth.A.CarylNowson...NicholasFullerB.NicholasFuller...RobynDelbridgeC.CarylNowson...EvangelineMantziorisD.MalcolmRiley...EvangelineMantzioris89.Whatcanweinferfromthearticle?A.NicholasFullerrecommendedthatweeatmoresoythandairy.B.EvangelineMantziorissuggestedthatdietersstayawayfromfull-fatfoods.C.RobynDelbridgebelievedthatpeoplecannotbenefitfromfull-fatproducts.D.MalcolmRileybelievedthatallkindsoflow-fatdairyproductscouldhelppeoplestayfit.(C)“Theworld’senvironmentissurprisinglyhealthy.Discuss.”Ifthatwereanexaminationtopic,moststudentswouldtearitapart,offeringalonglistofcomplaints:fromlocalsmogtoglobalclimatechange,from….Thelistwouldlargelybeaccurate,theconcernreasonable.Yetthestudentswhoshouldbegiventhehighestmarkswouldactuallybethosewhoagreedwiththestatement.Thesurpriseishowgoodthingsare,nothowbad.Afterall,theworld’spopulationhasmorethantripledduringthiscentury,andworldoutputhasrisenhugely,soyouwouldexpecttheearthitselftohavebeenaffected.Indeed,ifpeoplelived,consumedandproducedthingsinthesamewayastheydidin1900(or1950,orindeed1980),theworldbynowwouldbeaprettydisgustingplace:smelly,dirty,toxicanddangerous.Buttheydon’t.Thereasonswhytheydon’tandwhytheenvironmenthasnotbeenruined,havetodowithprices,technologicalinnovation,socialchangeandgovernmentregulationinresponsetopopularpressure.Thatiswhytoday’senvironmentalproblemsinthepoorcountriesought,inprinciple,tobesolvable.Rawmaterialshavenotrunout,andshownosignofdoingso.Logically,onedaytheymust:theplanetisafiniteplace.Yetitisalsoverybig,andmanisveryintelligent.Whathashappenedisthateverytimeamaterialseemstoberunningshort,thepricehasrisenand,inresponse,peoplehavelookedfornewsourcesofsupply,triedtofindwaystouselessofthematerial,orlookedforanewsubstitute.Forthisreason,pricesforenerg