《科技英語綜合教程（第二版）》課件Unit 5 Economy

Unit5EconomyWarm-upIntensiveReading--TextAExtensiveReading--TextBExtensiveReading--TextCUnit5EconomyUnit5EconomyUnitOverviewPassagesAcademicSkillsTestAIntensiveReadingWillGrowthMakeusHappy?translatingskillsVoiceConversionTextBExtensiveReadingFiveKeyTrendsShapingYourFinancialFutureWritingSkillClassificationTextCExtensiveReadingMarketsareinChaos：ControltheOneThingYouCanListeningSkillListenforDetailsUnit5Economy

Economicsaffectsallourlives.Asconsumerswetrytomakethebestofourlimitedincomes.Asworkers—orfutureworkers—wetakeourplaceinthejobmarket.Ascitizensofacountryourlivesareaffectedbythedecisionsofourgovernmentandotherpolicymakers:decisionsovertaxes,decisionsoverspendingonhealthandeducation,decisionsoninterestrates,decisionsthataffectunemployment,inflationandgrowth.AsdwellersontheplanetEarthweareaffectedbytheeconomicdecisionsofeachother:theairwebreathe,thewaterwedrinkandtheenvironmentweleavetoourchildrenareallaffectedbytheeconomicdecisionstakenbythehumanrace.BeforeReadingWarm-upBeforeReadingWarm-upQuestionsUnit5EconomyApproachingtheTopic1.Howdoyouunderstand“money?is?the?root?of?all?evils”and“moneyisthesourceofhappiness”?2.Areyouasaveroraspender?Doyouagreewiththesaying“Apennysavedisapennyearned”?3.Doyouinvestinthestockmarket?Whatkindofinvestingstrategydoyouuseifyoudo?IntensiveReadingInformationanalysis1.Howdoyouunderstand“money?is?the?root?of?all?evils”and“moneyisthesourceofhappiness”?Itisnotmoney,asissometimessaid,buttheloveofmoney-theexcessive,selfish,covetousloveofmoney,thatistherootofallevil.Moneyitselfisnothingbutatokenofvalue,amediumofexchange.Withmoneywecanbuyalotofthingsthatweneedorwelike.butifonepersonhasanendlessdesireformoneyandgoods,hewilldowhatevertogetthemoneyandthus,evensacrificeotherpeople'sbenefits,happinessorlives.Moneycanprovidefoodforhungry,medicineforthesick,clothesfortheneedy,so,inacertainsense,wecansay“moneyisthesourceofhappiness”.So,generally,itisnotabadthingthatwelikemoney,butoneshouldnotgettoogreedy.Unit5EconomyIntensiveReadingInformationanalysis2.Areyouasaveroraspender?Doyouagreewiththesaying“Apennysavedisapennyearned”?Iamasaver.Iagreewiththesaying"Apennysavedisapennyearned."Thismeansthatmoneyshouldnotbewasted.Peoplehavebeensavinglessovertheyears.Thisoldsayingcallsattentiontothewisdomofsavingmoney."Puttingmoneyawayforarainyday"isanotherwaytotalkaboutsavingforthefuture.Unit5EconomyIntensiveReadingInformationanalysis3.Doyouinvestinthestockmarket?Whatkindofinvestingstrategydoyouuseifyoudo?No,Idon’t.IfIdo,Iwouldtakeastrong,long-terminvestmentratherthanarapid-firetrading.Iwilldotherequiredresearchandselectacompanyandstockthathasapromisingfuture,andholdontomyshares.Inlightofthelong-termgains,Ithinkthesmalldailyfluctuationsinpricecanbenegligible.Unit6SpaceExplorationIntensiveReadingTextAWillGrowthMakeusHappy?Unit5EconomyWordpreparationTextorganizationInformationanalysisLanguagefocusLead-inIntensiveReadingLead-inMoneyBrainstorm1:Whatarethewordsrelatedtomoney?Trytogiveasmanyasyoucan.Unit5EconomyIntensiveReadingLead-inMoneyBrainstorm2:Whatroledoesmoneyplayinourlives?Unit5EconomyWatchthevideoclipandfillintheblankswiththewordsyouhaveheardinvideo.IntensiveReadingLead-inUnit5EconomyVideoIntensiveReadingLead-in1.Thegreatfinancialcrisisthatbeganinthesummerof2007hasmostofusutterlybaffled.Howonearthcouldalittlelocaldifficultywithsub-primemortgagesintheUnitedStatesunleashaneconomictsunamibigenoughtoobliteratesomeofWallStreet’smostillustriousnames,toforcenationalizationsofbanksonbothsidesofAtlanticandtobringtheentirewouldeconomytotheverybrinkofrecession,ifnotdownrightdepression?2.BanksfinancedtheRenaissance,whilethebondmarketdecidedwars.Stockmarketsbuildempiresandmonetarymeltdownsmaderevolutions.3.FromAncientMesopotamiarightdowntopresentdayLondon,theascentofmoneyhasbeenanindispensablepartoftheascentofman.1)2)3)4)5)6)7)8)Unit5EconomyIntensiveReadingLead-inWatchthevideoagainandanswerthefollowingquestions：What

othernamescanwecallmoney?Bread,cash,dosh,dough,loot,lucre,moolah,thereadies,thewherewithal.2.Whythegreatfinancialcrisisof2007hasmostpeopleutterlybaffled?Howonearthcouldalittlelocaldifficultywithsub-primemortgagesintheUnitedStatesunleashaneconomictsunamibigenoughtoobliteratesomeofWallStreet’smostillustriousnames,toforcenationalizationsofbanksonbothsidesofAtlanticandtobringtheentirewouldeconomytotheverybrinkofrecession.3.Whydoesthespeakersaymoney’srisehasneverbeenasmooth,upwardride?Aswe’llsee,financialhistoryhasrepeatedlybeeninterruptedbygut-wrenchingcrises,ofwhichtoday’sisjustthelatest(Thegreatfinancialcrisisthatbeganinthesummerof2007).Unit5EconomyScriptIntensiveReadingLead-inWelcometotheworldofmoney.Bread,cash,dosh,dough,loot,lucre,moolah,thereadies,thewherewithal.Callitwhatyoulike.Moneycanbreakusoritcanmakeus.Inthepastyear,it’scertainlybrokenmorethanafewofthebiggestnamesonWallStreetandinthecityofLondon.Andwhileformermastersoftheuniversecrashandburn,therestofusareleftworryingifoursavingswouldbesaferinamattressthaninabank.Thegreatfinancialcrisisthatbeganinthesummerof2007hasmostofusutterlybaffled.Howonearthcouldalittlelocaldifficultywithsub-primemortgagesintheUnitedStatesunleashaneconomictsunamibigenoughtoobliteratesomeofWallStreet’smostillustriousnames,toforcenationalizationsofbanksonbothsidesofAtlanticandtobringtheentirewouldeconomytotheverybrinkofrecession,ifnotdownrightdepression?Shouldn’tthisseriesbecalledTheDescentofMoney?Unit5EconomyScriptIntensiveReadingLead-inI’llexplaintoyoujusthowmoneyrosetoplaysuchaterrifyingdominantroleinallourlives.What’smore,Iwanttorevealfinancialhistoryastheessentialbackstorybehindallhistory.BanksfinancedtheRenaissance,whilethebondmarketdecidedwars.Stockmarketsbuildempiresandmonetarymeltdownsmaderevolutions.FromAncientMesopotamiarightdowntopresentdayLondon,theascentofmoneyhasbeenanindispensablepartoftheascentofman.Butmoney’srisehasneverbeenasmooth,upwardride.Aswe’llsee,financialhistoryhasrepeatedlybeeninterruptedbygut-wrenchingcrises,ofwhichtoday’sisjustthelatest.FromthefluctuatingpricesofthehomesweowntothehighspeedindustrializationofChina,thepoweroffinanceiseverywherewelook,anditaffectsallofourlives.Unit5EconomyIntensiveReadingWordpreparationv.replicatesuccumbinternalize

amplifyspeculaten.determinantparadoxhypothesisvolatilitymaturitya.empiricalincentivemunicipalimpetuousepidemicUnit5EconomyIntensiveReadingTextorganizationPartI(Para.1-2)Keynes’spredictionA.Keynes’forecast:Withanothercenturyofgrowth,thecentralproblemfacinganindividualwouldshiftfromhowtoacquireenoughgoodsandservicestohowtomeaningfullyenjoyhisabundantfreetime.B.ThefailureofKeynes’sprediction.PartII(Para.3-6)Whydidn’tKeynes’forecastcometrue?

A.Therelationshipbetweenincomeandhappinesswithinasinglecountry. B.people’seconomicsatisfaction,dependsnotonlyonhowmuchtheyconsumebutalsothebenchmarkthattheyuseforcomparison.PartIII(Para.7-10)EasterlinParadoxA.Easterlin’sconclusion:thereisnolinkbetweenacountry’slevelofincomeandtheaveragehappinessofitsresidents.B.DoubtsonEasterlin’sparadox.Unit5EconomyIntensiveReadingInformationanalysis1.

WhatisKeynes’forecastinhisessay“EconomicPossibilitiesforOurGrandchildren”?Para.1

Withanothercenturyofgrowth,Keynesforecast,thecentralproblemfacinganindividualwouldshiftfromhowtoacquireenoughgoodsandservicestohowtomeaningfullyenjoyhisabundantfreetime,“howtousehisfreedomfrompressingeconomiccares,howtooccupytheleisure,whichscienceandcompoundinterestwillhavewonforhim,tolivewiselyandagreeablyandwell.”Unit5EconomyIntensiveReadingInformationanalysis2.WhatdoesJulietSchorrreportinherbookTheOverworkedAmerican:TheUnexpectedDeclineofLeisure(1992)?Para.2ThetrendintheUnitedStatesistowardpeople’sputtinginlongerhours,takingworkhomefromtheoffice,andincreasinglyfeelingsqueezedintheirabilitytospendtimeonleisurepursuitsorwiththeirfamilies.Nordoespeople’sfailuretomovebeyondtheeconomicproblemofwantapplyonlytothepoor.Unit5EconomyIntensiveReadingInformationanalysis3.WhydidKeynes’forecastfail?Para.3-6People’seconomicsatisfactiondependsnotonlyonhowmuchtheyconsumebutalsothebenchmarkthattheyuseforcomparison.Hefailedtorealizethatafter100yearsofgrowingconsumption,peoplewouldhavechangedtheirbenchmarks.Theywouldhavegottenusedtoahigherstandardofconsumption,sotheywouldnotfeelaswelloffasheimaginedtheywould.Unit5EconomyIntensiveReadingInformationanalysis4.WhatisEasterlinParadox?Para.7Thereisnolinkbetweenacountry’slevelofincomeandtheaveragehappinessofitsresidents.Unit5EconomyIntensiveReadingInformationanalysis5.WhatarethetwofindingsEasterlinandhisfollowersgot?Para.8First,incross-sectionalanalyses,itseemedthataveragehappinessrosewithincomepercapitauptosomeincomelevel—generallyaround$15,000percapita—butafterthattherelationshipwasflat.Second,withincountriesovertime,theredidnotseemtobeanystatisticallysignificantrelationshipbetweenthegrowthrateofincomeandtheincreaseovertimeinhappiness.Unit5EconomyIntensiveReadingLanguagefocus1.

DespitetheGreatDepression,WorldWarII,andothereventsthatfollowedKeynes’swriting,thefactisthatcompoundgrowthdidcontinueatroughlytherateKeyneshadforecast.(Para.2）盡管經(jīng)歷了大蕭條、第二次世界大戰(zhàn)以及凱恩斯寫作之后發(fā)生的其他事件，但事實(shí)是，復(fù)合增長確實(shí)繼續(xù)以凱恩斯預(yù)測(cè)的速度增長。Analysis:這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，despite引導(dǎo)讓步狀語，thatfollowedKeynes’swriting定語從句，其先行詞為otherevents。thatcompoundgrowthdidcontinueatroughlytherateKeyneshadforecast是表語從句，其中Keyneshadforecast又是修飾therate的定語從句。Translation:Unit5EconomyIntensiveReadingLanguagefocus2.Ratherthanworryingabouthowtospendtheirabundantfreetime,peopleinmanyofthewealthiestcountriesareworkingashardastheirpredecessorsdid80yearsago,apparentlybecausetheyfeelthatdoingsoisnecessarytoattainthestandardoflivingtheydesire.(Para.2)Translation:許多最富裕國家的人們并非在擔(dān)心如何度過他們充裕的空閑時(shí)間，而是像他們80年前的前輩一樣努力工作，顯然是因?yàn)樗麄冇X得這樣做是必要的，可以達(dá)到他們渴望的生活水平。Analysis:這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，主句的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是people...areworking。原因狀語從句becausetheyfeelthatdoingsoisnecessarytoattainthestandardoflivingtheydesire中doingso是指workingashardastheirpredecessorsdid80yearsago，定語從句theydesire修飾thestandardofliving。Unit5EconomyIntensiveReadingLanguagefocus3.Onemightthinkthatthefindingthatrichpeoplewithinacountyarehappierthanpoorpeoplewouldautomaticallyimplythatpeopleinrichcountriesareonaveragehappierthanpeopleinpoorcountries,andsimilarlythataveragehappinessinacountryrisesastheaveragelevelofincomepercapitarises.(Para.4)Translation:有人可能會(huì)認(rèn)為，縣內(nèi)的富人比窮人幸福，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)直接說明富裕國家的人平均比貧窮國家的人更幸福。同樣，一個(gè)國家的平均幸福會(huì)隨著平均收入水平的提高而提高。Analysis:這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。主句的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是Onemightthinkthat，后面跟著兩個(gè)并列的賓語從句，第一個(gè)賓語從句中又包含一個(gè)賓語從句peopleinrichcountriesareonaveragehappierthanpeopleinpoorcountries，第二個(gè)賓語從句中包含一個(gè)條件狀語從句astheaveragelevelofincomepercapitarises。Unit5EconomyIntensiveReadingLanguagefocus4.Someonewhoconsumes,say,$20,000peryearwillbehappierifshelivesinacountrywhereaverageconsumptionis$10,000thanshewouldbeifshelivedinacountrywhereaverageconsumptionis$30,000.(Para.5)Translation:比如，一個(gè)人每年消費(fèi)2萬美元，如果她生活在一個(gè)平均消費(fèi)為1萬美元的國家，她會(huì)比生活在平均消費(fèi)為3萬美元的國家更幸福。Analysis:這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。主句是一個(gè)比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)。主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是someone...willbehappier...than..,定語從句whoconsumes,say,$20,000peryear修飾主語someone,定語從句whereaverageconsumptionis$30,000的先行詞是acountry。Unit5EconomyIntensiveReadingLanguagefocus5.Ifpeoplecomparetheirconsumptiontotheaverageconsumptionaroundthem,thengrowthwillnotmakepeopleanyhappieronaveragebecauseitwillraisepeople’sbenchmarkjustasmuchasitraisestheirconsumption.(Para.6)Translation:如果人們將自己的消費(fèi)與周圍的平均消費(fèi)進(jìn)行比較，那么平均而言，增長不會(huì)讓人們更幸福，因?yàn)檫@將提高人們的基準(zhǔn)，與提高消費(fèi)量一樣多。Analysis:這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。句子主干是growthwillnotmakepeopleanyhappier。If引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句，because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。Unit5EconomyKeytoExercisesTextAUnit5EconomyKeytoexercisesEx.1C2.B3.D4.B5.DEx.2Para.1Inhisessay,“EconomicPossibilitiesforOurGrandchildren”,Keynesconcludedthatwithgrowthofthismagnitude,humanitywouldbewithinsightofsolvingwhathecalledtheeconomicproblemofscarcity.Para.2EconomistJulietSchorrreportsinherbookTheOverworkedAmerican:TheUnexpectedDeclineofLeisure(1992)thatthetrendintheUnitedStatesistowardpeople’s(1)puttinginlongerhours

(2)takingworkhomefromtheoffice(3)increasinglyfeelingsqueezedintheirabilitytospendtimeonleisurepursuitsorwiththeirfamilies

Para.3~6People’seconomicsatisfaction,dependsnotonlyonhowmuchtheyconsume

butalsoonhowtheirconsumptionrelatestosomebenchmarkthattheyuseforcomparison.Unit5EconomyKeytoexercisesPara.7~8ThetwofindingsofEasterlinandhisfollowersare:incross-sectionalanalyses,itseemedthataveragehappinessrosewithincomepercapitauptosomeincomelevel—generallyaround$15,000percapita—butafterthattherelationshipwasflat.

withincountriesovertime,theredidnotseemtobeanystatisticallysignificantrelationshipbetweenthegrowthrateofincomeandtheincreaseovertimeinhappiness.Para.9ThetwoeconomistswhodoubtedaboutEasterlinParadoxare:BetseyStevensonandJustinWolfersPara.10WhetherthefailureoftheEasterlinParadoxwouldbegoodorbadnewsdependson

one’sperspective.

Unit5EconomyKeytoexercisesEx.31.Withanothercenturyofgrowth,Keynesforecast,thecentralproblemfacinganindividualwouldshiftfromhowtoacquireenoughgoodsandservicestohowtomeaningfullyenjoyhisabundantfreetime.Theboominleisurethatheforecasthasfailedtocomeabout.Ratherthanworryingabouthowtospendtheirabundantfreetime,peopleinmanyofthewealthiestcountriesareworkingashardastheirpredecessorsdid80yearsago,apparentlybecausetheyfeelthatdoingsoisnecessarytoattainthestandardoflivingtheydesire.

2.People’seconomicsatisfactiondependsnotonlyonhowmuchtheyconsumebutalsoonhowtheirconsumptionrelatestosomebenchmarkthattheyuseforcomparison.Peopledon’tcareabouttheirabsolutelevelofconsumption,butratherabouttheirrankinthehierarchyofconsumption.Unit5EconomyKeytoexercisesEx.41.Reviewing2.pursued 3.squeezing4.determining5.approximated6.replicate 7.emerged 8.surveyed 9.elapse 10.paradox

Ex.5B2.O3.H4.I5.D6.M7.F8.A9.K10.GEx.61.compoundgrowth 2.presidentialcampaign3.incomepercapita 4.cross-sectionalanalysis5.大蕭條時(shí)期 6.絕對(duì)水平；絕對(duì)位準(zhǔn)7.使頹喪，壓低 8.產(chǎn)生對(duì)……的懷疑Unit5EconomyUnit5EconomyKeytoexercisesEx.71.許多最富裕國家的人們并非在擔(dān)心如何度過他們充裕的空閑時(shí)間，而是像他們80年前的前輩一樣努力工作，顯然是因?yàn)樗麄冇X得這樣做是必要的，可以達(dá)到他們渴望的生活水平。2.即使在世界上最富裕的國家，經(jīng)濟(jì)緊縮的問題似乎也沒有像凱恩斯時(shí)代那樣得到解決。3.有人可能會(huì)認(rèn)為，縣內(nèi)的富人比窮人幸福，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)直接說明富裕國家的人平均比貧窮國家的人更幸福。同樣，一個(gè)國家的平均幸福會(huì)隨著平均收入水平的提高而提高。然而，情況未必如此。4.比如，一個(gè)人每年消費(fèi)2萬美元，如果她生活在一個(gè)平均消費(fèi)為1萬美元的國家，她會(huì)比生活在平均消費(fèi)為3萬美元的國家更幸福。5.如果人們將自己的消費(fèi)與周圍的平均消費(fèi)進(jìn)行比較，那么平均而言，增長不會(huì)讓人們更幸福，因?yàn)檫@將提高人們的基準(zhǔn)，與提高消費(fèi)量一樣多。Unit5EconomyKeytoexercisesEx.81.Since1996thegovernmenthasquadrupleditsanti-crimespending.Butprivatespendinghasrisenfarmore,byafactorof400.2.Forthepastfourdecades,economistshavepuzzledoveraparadoxthatcastdoubtonGDPastheworld’smainindicatorofsuccess.3.Acertainamountofnegativelifeeventsiscorrelatedwithanoverallsenseoflifesatisfactionandhappiness.4.Otherfactorswillthenweighdownrecovery.5.Onthismeasure,theUSlooksterrible,witharatioof3.58.TextBFiveKeyTrendsShapingYourFinancialFutureExtensiveReadingUnit5EconomyTextorganizationLanguagefocuskeytoexercisesPara.1~Para.2Tomakesmartfinancialdecisionswithconfidence,investorsneedtobeawareofthemacrotrendsthatwillimpacttheirfinanciallives.Unit5EconomyExtensiveReadingPara.3~Para.17FiveKeyTrendsShapingYourFinancialFuture:Longevity(Para.3~5)(4)LowInterestRates(Para.12~14)(2)ExpectingVolatility(Para.6~9)(3)TheNewTaxCodeTax(Para.10~11)(5)HarnessingTechnology(Para.15~Para.17)TextorganizationLanguagefocusTomakesmartfinancialdecisionswithconfidence,investorsneedtobeawareofthemacrotrendsthatwillimpacttheirfinanciallives,likeincreasedlongevity,continuedvolatility,newtaxcodes,lowinterestratesandadvancementsintechnology.(Para.2)Unit5EconomyExtensiveReadingAnalysis:這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。句子主干是investorsneedtobeawareofthemacrotrends。定語從句thatwillimpacttheirfinanciallives,likeincreasedlongevity修飾先行詞themacrotrends。Translation:為了做到財(cái)務(wù)決策明智而自信，投資者要了解可能影響到其財(cái)務(wù)生活的宏觀趨勢(shì)，包括壽命增長、動(dòng)蕩持續(xù)、新稅制推出、利率降低、技術(shù)進(jìn)步。Languagefocus2.

WhatmostAmericansdon’trealizeisthatthemid-60sretirementagewasestablishedbackinthe1930swhenlifeexpectancieswereshorterthantheyaretoday.(Para.5)Unit5EconomyExtensiveReadingAnalysis:這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。WhatmostAmericansdon’trealize是主語從句。that引導(dǎo)的是表語從句，定語從句whenlifeexpectancieswereshorterthantheyaretoday修飾the1930s。Translation:多數(shù)美國人沒有認(rèn)識(shí)到，65歲左右的退休年齡確定于20世紀(jì)30年代，當(dāng)時(shí)的壽命遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)短于現(xiàn)在。Languagefocus3.Whilemosteconomistsforecastarecessioninthenext18-24months,Gen-X,MillennialsandGen-Zshouldtreattheseinvestmentchallengesasnoise,sincetheyareintheaccumulationphaseoftheirportfolios.(Para.7)Unit5EconomyExtensiveReadingAnalysis:這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是Gen-X,MillennialsandGen-Zshouldtreat...as...。Whilemosteconomistsforecastarecessioninthenext18-24months為讓步狀語從句，sincetheyareintheaccumulationphaseoftheirportfolios為原因狀語從句。Translation:多數(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家預(yù)計(jì)，未來18至24個(gè)月可能發(fā)生經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。但是X一代、千禧一代、Z一代應(yīng)該將這些投資挑戰(zhàn)視為雜音。畢竟，他們的投資組合正處于積累階段。Languagefocus4.Moreover,MillennialsandtheiryoungerGen-Zcounterpartsseemtobethinkingtwiceaboutputtingdownrootsinstateswiththehighesttaxandhousingcosts.(Para.11)Unit5EconomyExtensiveReadingAnalysis:這是一個(gè)簡單句。主語是MillennialsandtheiryoungerGen-Zcounterparts，withthehighesttaxandhousingcosts是定語，修飾states。Translation:而且，千禧一代和更年輕的Z一代如果面臨在稅收和住房成本最高的州定居，那一定會(huì)思考再三。Languagefocus5.Ifthetechnologycanhelpinvestorsunderstandhowtheywillreactincertainmarkets,itmayalsokeepthemfrommakingthekindsofmistakesthatcanturnabrightfinancialfuturebleakwithafewkeystrokes.(Para.17)Unit5EconomyExtensiveReadingAnalysis:這是一個(gè)由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。條件狀語從句中又包含賓語從句howtheywillreactincertainmarkets，主句中又包含一個(gè)定語從句thatcanturnabrightfinancialfuturebleakwithafewkeystrokes。Translation:如果技術(shù)能夠幫助投資者了解他們?cè)谀承┦袌?chǎng)環(huán)境將會(huì)有什么反應(yīng)，也會(huì)防止投資者犯下那種敲擊幾下鍵盤就讓一片光明的財(cái)務(wù)未來陷入一片黑暗的錯(cuò)誤。Unit5EconomyKeytoExercisesTextBKeytoexercisesEx.1

Para.1~Para.2Tomakesmartfinancialdecisionswithconfidence,investorsneedtobeawareofthemacrotrendsthatwillimpacttheirfinanciallives.Para.3~Para.17FiveKeyTrendsShapingYourFinancialFuture:(1)Longevity(Para.3~5)In2019RetirementConfidenceSurvey,

32%ofworkerssaidtheyexpectedtoretireby64

22%wereplanningtoretireatageof65(2)ExpectingVolatility(Para.6~9)Gen-X,MillennialsandGen-ZshouldtreattheseinvestmentchallengesasnoiseBoomersshouldtacklevolatilityriskheadonUnit5EconomyKeytoexercises(3)TheNewTaxCodeTax(Para.10~11)Oldergenerationareconsideringmoves88%ofAmericansarenowtakingthestandarddeductionMillennialsandyoungerGen-Zcounterpartsseemtobethinkingtwiceaboutputtingdownrootsinstateswiththehighesttaxandhousingcosts.(4)LowInterestRates(Para.12~14)Boomersarestretchingandstrainingforyield.MillennialsandGen-Zershavebecomeaccustomedtolivinginalow-rateenvironment.(5)HarnessingTechnology(Para.15~Para.17)Asfinancialtechnologyevolves,wecanexpecttoseetwoprimaryimpacts:A.morefirmswillbeginusingAItoolstocoachclientsandprovidegreateraccess.

B.Financialtechnologywillprovidegreaterfocusonbehavioralpatterns,helpinginvestorsaccuratelygaugetheircapacityforrisk.Unit5EconomyKeytoexercisesEx.21.gauge2.eliminations3.yield4.counterpart.5.incentive6.incurred7.stretch8.deduction9.fluctuate10internalizeUnit5EconomyUnit5EconomyKeytoexercisesEx.3

1.不動(dòng)產(chǎn)稅2.貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)3.虛擬助手4.反彈5.稅法6.預(yù)期壽命7.利率8.個(gè)人所得稅9.市場(chǎng)波幅10.企業(yè)債券A.tradewarB.realestatetaxC.corporatebond D.interestrateE.bouncebackF.marketvolatilityG.lifeexpectancyH.taxcodeI.virtualassistantJ.individualincometaxKeytoexercisesEx.4鑒于目前市場(chǎng)的波動(dòng)，而且波動(dòng)程度往往因?yàn)槊襟w而放大。一些投資者的財(cái)務(wù)目標(biāo)也不確定。為了做到財(cái)務(wù)決策明智而自信，投資者要了解可能影響到其財(cái)務(wù)生活的宏觀趨勢(shì)，包括壽命增長、動(dòng)蕩持續(xù)、新稅制推出、利率降低、技術(shù)進(jìn)步。在一條推文就可以掀起貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)和政治動(dòng)蕩的軒然大波的時(shí)代，市場(chǎng)經(jīng)受著嚴(yán)重的動(dòng)蕩。很多嬰兒潮一代認(rèn)為，幾十年前的高利率能夠?yàn)樗麄儙碜阋园捕韧砟甑氖杖搿C(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)加持的金融科技將幫助人們進(jìn)一步關(guān)注行為模式，在投資者對(duì)市場(chǎng)投入任何資金以前，就幫助投資者精確測(cè)量風(fēng)險(xiǎn)耐受能力。Unit5EconomyInsightintoChinaTextCMarketsareinChaos：ControltheOneThingYouCanLanguagefocusLanguagefocusKeytoExercisesUnit5EconomyInsightsintoChinaLanguagefocusUnit5Economy1.Nobody—notepidemiologists,notgovernmentofficials,noteconomistsandcertainlynotmarketstrategists—cansayhowlargeanimpactthecoronaviruswillenduphaving.(Para.1)Analysis:Translation:這是一個(gè)賓語從句。其中，notepidemiologists,notgovernmentofficials,noteconomistsandcertainlynotmarketstrategists是插入語，做nobody的同位語;從句howlargeanimpactthecoronaviruswillenduphavingthat做賓語。

沒有人——無論是流行病學(xué)家、政府官員、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家，當(dāng)然包括市場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)略制定者——能說出這種冠狀病毒最終會(huì)產(chǎn)生多大的影響。樂觀主義者可能錯(cuò)了;悲觀主義者也可能如此。Languagefocus2.Onlybycreatingacircleofcalmaroundyourselfcanyouhonestlyevaluatewhichtypeofregretislikelytobotheryoumoredowntheroad.(Para.8)Unit5EconomyExtensiveReadingAnalysis:這是一個(gè)倒裝句。主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是youcanevaluate,，bycreatingacircleofcalmaroundyourself作方式狀語，whichtypeofregretislikelytobotheryoumoredowntheroad是賓語從句。Translation:只有在自己周圍建立一個(gè)平靜的圈子，你才能誠實(shí)地評(píng)估哪種后悔更有可能在未來困擾你。Languagefocus3.IfyouboughtorstoodpatastheU.S.stockmarketdroppedmorethan55%betweenOctober2007andMarch2009,you’reagoodcandidatetobeabletoweatherthisdowndraft,too,withoutpanicking.(Para.9)Unit5EconomyExtensiveReadingAnalysis:這是一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。其中，astheU.S.stockmarketdroppedmorethan55%betweenOctober2007andMarch2009是此條件句中的時(shí)間狀語從句。Translation:如果你在2007年10月至2009年3月期間美國股市下跌超過55%的時(shí)候買進(jìn)或按兵不動(dòng)，那么您也很可能也能經(jīng)受住這種下跌的沖擊，而不會(huì)感到驚慌。Languagefocus4.Also,regretstendtobehotterandmorepainfulwhenanoutcomeappearstobecausedbyyourownactionsratherthancircumstancesthatseemweatherthisdowndraft.(Para.11)Unit5EconomyExtensiveReadingAnalysis:這是一個(gè)when引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。Also承接前面的段落。主句是regretstendtobehotterandmorepainful。在從句中使用了ratherthan結(jié)構(gòu)；定語從句thatseemweatherthisdowndraft修飾先行詞circumstances。Translation:此外，當(dāng)結(jié)果似乎是由你自己的行為而不是環(huán)境造成的時(shí)候，后悔往往會(huì)更強(qiáng)烈、更痛苦。Languagefocus5.

Ifyouhavesharesthathavefallenbelowyourpurchaseprice,youmaybeabletosellthemtomeetalargepaymentandthenuseupto$3,000oftheresultinglosstoreduceyourtaxableincomeortooffsetcurrentorfuturegains.(Para.14)Unit5EconomyExtensiveReadingAnalysis:這是一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。句子主干部分的結(jié)構(gòu)是youmaybeabletosellthemto...andthenuseupto...，toreduceyourtaxableincomeortooffsetcurrentorfuturegains表示目的。Translation:如果你持有的股票已經(jīng)跌破了你的買入價(jià)，你可以出售這些股票來支付一大筆款項(xiàng)，然后用最多3000美元的損失來減少你的應(yīng)稅收入，或者抵消當(dāng)前或未來的收益。Unit5EconomyKeytoExercisesTextCKeytoexercisesWhatdoestheauthormeanby“controllingthecontrollable”?(Para.2-3)Controllingthecontrollabledoesn’tjustmeanshruggingoffwhateverisoutofyourpower.Italsomeansputtingsomecalmandseriousthoughtintowhatiswithinyourpower.Unit5EconomyKeytoexercises2.WhatdidpsychologistDanielKahnemanmeanby“awell-calibratedsenseofyourfutureregret”?(Para.4)Bythat,hemeantthatyouneedtobeabletotell,inadvance,howbadyouwillfeelifyourdecisionsturnouttobewrong.Ashewarnedwiththatword“well-calibrated,”itisn’taseasyasitsounds.

Unit5EconomyKeytoexercises3.Whatarethetwopotentialregretsmostinvestorshavetofaceatthemostbasiclevel?(Para.7)Atthemostbasiclevel,thosearethetwopotentialregretsmostinvestorsface:theriskoflosingmassiveamountsofmoneyiftheepidemicworsens,versustheriskofmissingoutonwhatcouldbearobustreboundifthevirusabates.

Unit5EconomyKeytoexercises4.Whatadviceisgivenbytheauthorifyou’reinornearretirementnow?(Para.10)

Youneedtoprotectyourcapitalfromfurthersuddenerosion. Unit5EconomyKeytoexercises5.Whatdoestheauthorsuggesttheinvestordointhecurrentsituation?(Para.13-17)

Takingsmallactionsovertime,ratherthanmakingabigdrasticdecisionallatonce,andsmallstepsarethebestwaytoavoidbigregrets.

Unit5E