考研英語寫作核心詞組

考研英語寫作核心詞組

一、環(huán)境保護(hù)類

（-）環(huán)境保護(hù)

1.環(huán)境保護(hù)

環(huán)境保護(hù)environmentalprotection

提高環(huán)保意識enhanceenvironmentalawareness

保持生態(tài)平衡keepecologicalbalance

生態(tài)系統(tǒng)ecosystem

生態(tài)示范區(qū)environment-friendlyregion

生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)eco-agriculture

生態(tài)旅游ecotourism

自然保護(hù)區(qū)naturereserve

可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略sustainabledevelopmentstrategy

防風(fēng)防沙林windandsandbreaks

宜人的生活環(huán)境pleasantlivingenvironment

2.節(jié)能減排

節(jié)能（節(jié)約能源）saveenergy

減排（減少溫室氣體排放）reducetheemissionofgreenhousegases

降低資源消耗率slowdowntherateofresourcedegradation

環(huán)保產(chǎn)品environment-friendlyproducts

全球變暖globalwarming

低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)lowcarboneconomy

清潔可再生能源cleanrenewableenergy

核能nuclearenergy

太陽能solarenergy

大功率電器high-powerelectricalappliance

二氧化碳carbondioxide

氣候變化climatechange

（二）環(huán)境惡化

1.環(huán)境惡化

環(huán)境惡化environmentaldeterioration

亂砍濫伐deforestation

防止過度利用森林protectforestsfromoverexploitation

水土流失waterandsoilerosion

沙漠化desertification

人口增長populationgrowth

野生動物保護(hù)wildlifeprotection

瀕危物種endangeredspecies

野生物種wildspecies

商業(yè)捕魚commercialfishing

過度捕撈overfishing

過度開發(fā)recklessexploitation

2.自然災(zāi)害

自然災(zāi)害naturaldisasters

大災(zāi)難catastrophe

破壞性災(zāi)難性地震destructiveanddisastrousearthquake

沙塵暴sandstorm

沙丘sanddune/hill

旱災(zāi)drought

水災(zāi)flood

雪災(zāi)snowstorm

（三）環(huán)境污染

1.環(huán)境治理

污染者負(fù)擔(dān)的政策“the-polluters-pay”policy

執(zhí)法檢查lawenforcementinspection

限期治理undertaketreatmentwithinaprescribedlimitoftime

2.白色污染

白色污染whitepollution

限制使用一次性塑料袋limit/ban/prohibittheuseofdisposableplasticbags

可降解一次性塑料袋throwawaybiodegradableplasticbags

一次性筷子disposablechopsticks

3.垃圾處理

亂扔垃圾litter

垃圾分類garbageclassification

丟棄throw,discard

垃圾trash,rubbish,garbage

城市垃圾無害處理decontaminationofurbanrefuse

垃圾填埋場refuselandfill

三廢threetypesofwastes(wastewater,wastegas,solidwaste)

工業(yè)廢棄物industrialwaste

有毒廢物toxicwaste

綜合利用multipurposeuse

水資源保護(hù)區(qū)waterresourceconservationzone

污水處理sewagetreatment

集中處理廠centralizedtreatmentplant

再生水recycledwater

4.空氣污染

空氣污染濃度airpollutionconcentration

汽車尾氣排放motorvehicleexhaust

尾氣凈化器exhaustpurifier

無鉛汽油lead-freegasoline

天然氣汽車gas-fueledvehicles

電動汽車cell-drivenvehicles

小排量汽車small-enginevehicles

工業(yè)粉塵排放industrialdustdischarge

煙塵排放sootemissions

礦物燃料(煤、石油、天然氣)fossilfuels(coal,oilandnaturalgas)

二、教育文化類

(-)教育

1.學(xué)位

學(xué)士bachelor'sdegree

碩士master'sdegree

博士doctor'sdegree

獲得學(xué)位acquiredegree

文科arts理科science

文學(xué)碩士MasterofArts(M.A.)

理學(xué)碩士MasterofScience(M.S.)

工商管理碩士MasterofBusinessAdministration(MBA)

公共管理碩士MasterofPublicAdministration(MPA)

工程碩士MasterofEngineering(ME)

會計(jì)碩士MasterofProfessionalAccounting(MPAcc)

金融碩士MasterofScienceinFinance(MSF)

2.學(xué)校

幼兒園nursery/kindergarten

小學(xué)primary/elementaryschool

中學(xué)middleschool

綜合性大學(xué)university

學(xué)院institute

高等教育highereducation

大學(xué)生college/universitystudents

大學(xué)畢業(yè)生college/universitygraduates

商學(xué)院businessschool

法學(xué)院lawschool

研究生院graduateschool

教授professor

全體教師faculty

系department

專業(yè)major

教學(xué)設(shè)施teachingfacilities

食堂dininghall

宿舍dormitory

選修課elective/optionalcourse

學(xué)雜費(fèi)tuitionfeesandotherexpenses

3.教育

終身教育life-longeducation

素質(zhì)教育educationforall-rounddevelopment

義務(wù)教育compulsoryeducation

應(yīng)試教育exam-orientededucation

成人教育adulteducation

理論知識theoreticalknowledge

實(shí)踐技能practicalskills

信息時(shí)代informationera

知識爆炸時(shí)代eraofknowledgeexplosion

影響學(xué)習(xí)成績affectschoolachievements

逃課skipclasses

學(xué)習(xí)成績academicperformance

學(xué)習(xí)氛圍academicatmosphere

開闊眼界broadenone'shorizon

激發(fā)興趣stimulateone'sinterest

開發(fā)潛能tapone'spotential

(學(xué)生)減負(fù)reducestudyload

文理分科separationbetweenliberalartsandscience

放松的大學(xué)生活relaxingcollegelife

4.招生就業(yè)

招生recruitment

錄取enrollment

申請入學(xué)applyforadmissionto/into...

高考CollegeEntranceExamination

考研NationalEntranceTestforM.A./M.S.Candidates

就業(yè)市場jobmarket

雇主employer

雇員employee

職業(yè)培訓(xùn)Ivocationaltraining

(—)文化

1.文化交流

文化交流culturalexchanges

文化融合culturalblending/integration

傳統(tǒng)中國文化traditionalChineseculture

儒家Confucianism

佛家Buddhism

道家Daoism/Taoism

京居PekingOpera

中國書法Chinesecalligraphy

西方文化westerncultures

啟蒙運(yùn)動Enlightenment

人本主義humanism

后現(xiàn)代主義post-modernism

多元文化multi-cultures,pluralistic/mosaiccultures

文化多元化culturaldiversity

保存珍惜preserveandcherish

取其精華，去其糟粕absorbitsessenceandresistitsdarkside

積極促進(jìn)文化發(fā)展promoteculturaldevelopmentpositively

輝煌燦爛的文化遺產(chǎn)splendidandgloriousculturalheritage/legacy/relics

與時(shí)俱進(jìn)keeppacewithtimes

跨文化交流cross-culturalcommunication

文化差異culturaldifferences

文化傳統(tǒng)culturaltraditions

人類文明humancivilization

精神文明spiritualcivilization

主流文化mainstreamculture

解讀經(jīng)典interpretationofclassics

2.流行文化

流彳亍文化popularculture

電視廣告泛濫thepervasiveadvertisementsonTV

偶像崇拜idolworship

上網(wǎng)成癮webaddiction

虛擬生活virtuallife

網(wǎng)上交友makingfriendsonline

網(wǎng)聊chattingontheInternet

網(wǎng)絡(luò)謠言onlinegossip

網(wǎng)上購物onlineshopping

團(tuán)購group/integratebuying/purchase

網(wǎng)絡(luò)監(jiān)管theInternetsupervision

網(wǎng)絡(luò)暴力theInternetviolence

不負(fù)責(zé)言論irresponsibleremarks

購買彩票buylotterytickets

電子游戲electronicgames

數(shù)碼產(chǎn)品digitalproducts

手機(jī)短信textmessage

垃圾短信junkmessage

手機(jī)入網(wǎng)mobilephonesubscription

三、人生哲理類

L獨(dú)立

自立self-dependence

溺愛dote,spoil

獨(dú)生子女onlychild

激烈競爭fiercecompetition

啃老族boomerangkids,NEET(NotcurrentlyengagedinEducation,

EmploymentorTraining)

不勞而獲reapwithoutsowing

2.堅(jiān)持

不斷努力makeconstantefforts

決不放棄nevergiveup

決不停止進(jìn)步neverstopmakingprogress

獲得成功achievesuccess

創(chuàng)新innovation

勤奮diligence

奮斗精神strivingspirit

人生觀outlookoflife

世界觀worldoutlook

恒心perseverance

耐心patience

謹(jǐn)慎prudence

3.信心

自信self-confidence

謙虛modesty

缺乏自信lackofconfidence

高估困難exaggerate/overestimatedifficulties

低估能力underestimateone*sabilities

4.合作

團(tuán)隊(duì)合作teamwork

團(tuán)隊(duì)精神teamspirit

與他人合作cooperatewithothers

齊心協(xié)力/眾志成城joint/cooperativeefforts

互相幫助helpeachother

5.樂觀

保持樂觀keepoptimistic

悲觀pessimism

悲觀的bepessimistic

積極態(tài)度positiveattitude

仁慈benevolence

四、社會熱點(diǎn)類

（一）健康

生理健康physicalhealth

心理健康mental/psychologicalhealth/fitness

健康問題healthconcern

亞健康sub-health

公共衛(wèi)生publichealth

心、態(tài)stateofmind

體育鍛煉physicalexercises

均衡飲食well-balanceddiet

垃圾食品junkfood

減肥/節(jié)食goonadiet

提供醫(yī)療服務(wù)providemedicalservices

犧牲健康sacrificehealth

短期經(jīng)濟(jì)利益short-termeconomicbenefits

全面禁煙totaltobaccoban

疾病illness/disease

慢性病chronicdisease

傳染病infectiousdisease

酗酒alcoholism

癌癥cancer

醫(yī)療體制改革reformofmedicalsystem

（二）兩代關(guān)系

代溝generationgap

彌合差距bridgethegap

相互理解mutualunderstanding

誤解misunderstanding

照顧care,takecareof,lookafter

虐待mistreat,maltreat,ill-treat

老齡化社會agingsociety

人口老齡化populationaging

老年人old/agedpeople,theold/aged/elders/elderly;seniorcitizens

奉行孝道practicefilialpiety

（三）社會公德

公德publicmorality

傳統(tǒng)美德traditionalvirtues

責(zé)任duty/responsibility

責(zé)任感senseofresponsibility

承擔(dān)責(zé)任shoulder/assume/undertakeone'sduties/responsibilities

逃避責(zé)任avoid/shirk/shunone'sduties/responsibilities

奉獻(xiàn)devote/dedicate;devotion/dedication

無私奉獻(xiàn)selflessdevotion

信任危機(jī)thecrisisoftrust

公德墮落thecorruptionofpublicmorality

道德缺失thelackofmoralsense

不道德行為immoralbehaviors

希望工程ProjectHope

中國紅十字會ChinaRedCrossFoundation

慈善charity

捐款donate/donation

貧困鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)poorruralareas

入學(xué)startschooling

輟學(xué)dropoutofschool

完成學(xué)業(yè)finishschool

尊老愛幼torespecttheoldandcarefortheyoung

隨地吐痰spiteverywhere

大聲喧嘩makenoise,talkloudly

（四）職業(yè)道德

空洞承諾emptypromise

虛假承諾falsepromise

偽劣產(chǎn)品fakecommodities

欺詐行為dishonestbehaviors

誠信honesty

學(xué)術(shù)腐敗academiccorruption

剽竊抄襲plagiarism

食品安全foodsafety

工程質(zhì)量constructionquality

地溝油drainageoil

毒奶粉poisonousmilkpowder

嬰兒配方奶粉infantformula

食品添加劑foodadditives

藥價(jià)虛高unaffordablepricesofmedicines

過度上漲excessivegrowth

非法廣告illegalads

不公平競爭unfaircompetitions

爭搶利益competeforbenefits

治標(biāo)不治本addresssymptomsbutnotrootcauses

管理部門administrationdepartments

監(jiān)管部門supervisiondepartments

商家merchant

廠家manufacturer

企業(yè)經(jīng)營者enterpriseoperator

有關(guān)當(dāng)局authoritiesconcerned

收受賄賂takebribes

漠視法律disregardoflaws

推卸責(zé)任shifttheblameonto...

消費(fèi)者權(quán)益consumers1rightsandinterests

偽專家unqualifiedexperts

公正有效地履行職責(zé)performone'stasksfairlyandeffectively

提供禮貌熱情的服務(wù)providepoliteandhospitableservices

腐敗現(xiàn)象corruptionphenomenon

（五）交通

公交專用車道buslane

（機(jī)動車）單雙號限行odd-and-evenlicenseplaterule

早晚高峰morningandeveningpeak

交通擁堵trafficjam/congestion,heavytraffic

交通高峰期rushhour

公共交通線路網(wǎng)publictransportnetwork

尾號限行trafficrestrictionsbasedonthelastdigitoflicenseplatenumbers

交通管制trafficcontrol

無車日car-freeday

交通事故trafficaccidents

私家車privatecars

發(fā)展公共交通developpublictransport

醉駕drunkdrive

酒后駕車driveundertheinfluenceofalcohol

司機(jī)driver

行人pedestrian

（六）經(jīng)濟(jì)管理

經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)economiccrisis,financialcrisis,financialturmoil,financialmeltdown

經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣recession,bleedingeconomy,depression,sluggisheconomy

失業(yè)loseone'sjob,beunemployed,beredundant

失業(yè)力口劇joblossesmount,unemploymentclimb

失業(yè)人數(shù)unemployment

找工作seekemployment

找工作者jobseeker

嚴(yán)峻的就業(yè)形勢atoughjobmarket

信心下滑confidenceslump

經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇economicrecovery

經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的影響thecrisis*fallout

應(yīng)對危機(jī)facethecrisis,meetthecrisis,fightcrisis

重建信心confidencereconstruction

遏制衰退containdeclines

減緩衰退slowdowndeclines

安居工程affordable/comfortablehousingproject

成本削減cost-cutting

倉造新的就業(yè)generatenewemployment

刺激消費(fèi)stimulateconsumerspending

恢復(fù)revive,recovery,turnaround

積極的財(cái)政政策proactivefiscalpolicy

減少裁員refrainfromlayingoffemployees

減員cutthesalariedworkforce

結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整structuraladjustment

經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激方案stimulus