專(zhuān)題02閱讀理解(說(shuō)明文)(一)原卷版

專(zhuān)題02閱讀理解(說(shuō)明文)(一)高頻話(huà)題01人與自我—個(gè)人保健/醫(yī)療Passage1[2025·江蘇無(wú)錫·期終教學(xué)質(zhì)量調(diào)研(一模)]Vaping(抽電子煙)damagesyoungpeople’slungsasmuchassmoking,accordingtoaresearchthathascausedfreshdebateoverthehealthrisksofecigarettes.Thestudyparedvapersandsmokersinanintenseexercisetestandfoundbothgroupslessfitandmuchmoreoutofbreaththanpeoplewhohaveneitherhabit.Dr.AzmyFaisalandcolleaguesatManchesterMetropolitanUniversityasked60peopleintheir20stohavetheirlungcapacityrecorded.Twentywerenonsmokers,20othershadvapedforatleasttwoyearsandtheother20hadsmokedforatleasttwoyears.Thetestmeasuredthemaximumamountofphysicalexercisethatsomeonecouldachieve,andfoundthatthevapershadanaverage“peakexercisecapacity”,which,at186watts,wassimilartothatofthesmokers(182watts)butmuchlowerthanthatamongthenonsmokers(226watts).Inaddition,thevapersandsmokerswerelessabletotakeinoxygen—at2.7litresand2.6litresaminuterespectively—thanthosewhoneithersmokednorvaped(3litres).“Thestudyaddstogrowingevidencethatlongtermuseofvapingisdetrimentalandchallengestheideathatvapingcouldbeahealthieralternativetosmoking”,saidFaisalandhiscoauthorsofthestudy.Medicalresearchershavealsofoundevidencethatvapingincreasestheriskofcancer,becauseitchangestheirDNA,andalsothatitmaydamagethebrainandvitalorgansbecauseecigaretteaerosols氣溶膠)andliquidscancontaintracesofpoisonousmetalssuchasleadanduranium.Dr.FilipposFilippidis,ChairmanoftheERS’stobaccocontrolmittee,said,“Vapesarebeingsoldcheaplyandinavarietyofflavourstoappealtoyoungpeople.”Doctorsandpolicymakersneedtoknowabouttherisksofvapingandweshouldbedoingallwecantohelpchildrenandyoungpeopletoavoidorquitvaping.1.HowisFaisal’sresearchconducted?A.Bymeasuringoxygenintakeintheblood.B.Byrecordingexercisecapacitiesatdifferentages.C.Byparinghealthconditionsindifferentexercises.D.Byanalyzinglungcapacitiesamongdifferentgroups.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“detrimental”inparagraph6probablymean?A.Harmful. B.Mysterious.C.Unimportant. D.Unpredictable.3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Vapingwillsoonbepletelybanned.B.Morepeoplewillstartvapinginthefuture.C.Healthrisksofvapinghaven’tbeenunderstoodbyall.D.Strictruleswillbemadetoregulatethepriceofvapingproducts.4.Whatmightbediscussedinthefollowingparagraph?A.Thehistoryanddevelopmentofvapingproducts.B.Theparisonbetweendifferentecigarettebrands.C.Specificmeasurestohelpyoungpeopletoquitvaping.D.Differentopinionsofyoungpeoplewhovaperegularly.Passage2[2025·浙江嵊州·一模]Theexperimentssoundlikesomethingoutofahorrormovie.Sewtwomicetogethersothattheysharebloodinasinglecirculatorysystem.Thisprocedurehasledtonewdiscoveriesinthestudyofaging.Studiesusingtheprocedure,calledparabiosis,suggestthatpumpingbloodfromyoungmiceintooldmicecanmaketheoldmiceactyoungagain.Butscientistsarestilltesting“youngblood”anddebatingwhetheritreallyholdsthesecrettoturningbacktime.Inthe2000s,ThomasRando,aneurologistatStanfordUniversityinCalifornia,conductedanexperimentusingparabiosis.Hefoundthattheyoungmousebloodcausedcertaincellsinoldermicetohelprepairdamagedmuscles.Butthebloodfromoldmicealsoaffectedyoungmiceinnegativeways.Rando’sexperimentalsohintedatsomegrowthofnewbraincells.ThisreallyinterestedTonyWyssCoray,aneuroscientistatStanfordUniversity.In2011,WyssCorayandhisgraduatestudentSaulVilledafoundthatifoldmicereceivedbloodfromyoungmice,theyexperiencedaburstofcellgrowthinthehippocampus—asmanyasthreetofourtimesmorenewcellsthanmicethatdidnotreceiveyoungblood.Andifyoungmicereceivedoldblood,thisslowedcellgrowth,makingthemiceoldbeforetheirtime.ThiswaspartlyduetoahighlevelofaproteincalledCCL11inoldblood.CCL11blocksthegrowthofnewbraincells.Theseresultsstirredagreatdealofexcitement.WhatifyoungbloodcouldhelpAlzheimer’spatientsimprovetheirmemories?ThisisexactlywhatWyssCoraysetouttolearn.MichaelandIrinaConboy,researchscientistsatUCBerkeleywhoworkedwithThomasRandohaveconductedabloodexchangeexperiment.TheConboysnotedthatalthoughyoungbloodhadsomepositiveeffectsonoldermice,it’snotsomuchthatyoungbloodhasmagicalagedefyingproperties.Instead,itjusthelpsfilteroutordilutesomeofthe“badstuff”inoldblood.“Scienceistheprocessofrefiningthequestionswehave,”Conboysays.Researchersarehopefulthat,onedaysciencewillfinallyunlockthesecretsofaging.1.WhymightyoungmicereceivingoldbloodbeeolderaccordingtoWyssCoray?A.Cellgrowthinthehippocampus. B.Agedefyingproperties.C.RepairedmusclesduringParabiosis. D.HighamountofCCL11.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dilute”meaninparagraph5?A.Identify. B.Weaken. C.Intensify. D.Locate.3.Whatdotheresearchersthinkoftheprospectsoftheexperiments?A.Unconvincing. B.Skeptical. C.Promising. D.Unclear.4.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.OverturningOldAge B.RegainingLostMemoriesC.MaintainingHealthyCells D.UncoveringAlzheimer’sDiseasePassage3[2025屆江西省部分學(xué)校高三下學(xué)期2月一模]Forcenturies,scientistshavepeeredthroughmicroscopestounderstandthebasicunitsoflife.Now,they’reproposingsomethingfarmoreambitious:creatingpletevirtualcopiesofhumancells—whattheycallartificialintelligencevirtualcells(AIVCs)—thatcanbestudied,controlled,andtestedwiththepowerofartificialintelligence.Tounderstandwhythisisagreatundertaking,considerwhatmakescellsplex.Everyhumancellcontainsroughly42millionproteinmoleculesand20,000differentgenes,allinteractinginplicatedwayswe’restillstrugglingtofullyprehend.Theseponentsdon’toperateinisolation—theyformvastnetworksofinteractionsthatcandramaticallychangebasedontinyadjustments.Now,tworevolutionaryadvancesareheretomakevirtualcellspossible:theexplosionofbiologicaldatacollectionmethodsanddramaticimprovementsinartificialintelligence.Modernlaboratorytechniquescangenerateenormousdatasetsaboutcellularponentsandbehavior,withthevolumeofdatadoublingeverysixmonths.Thepossibleapplicationsofsuchasystemcanbetransformative.Imagineafuturewheredoctorscouldcreatea“digitaltwin”ofyourcells—avirtualcopythatwouldletthemtestdifferenttreatmentsonaputerbeforegivingthemtoyou.Thiscouldbeparticularlyrevolutionaryforcancertreatment,wheredoctorscouldsimulate(模擬)howdifferentbinationsofdrugsmightaffectyourcancercells,potentiallyavoidingharmfulsideeffectsandfindingthemosteffectivetreatmentmorequickly.However,thebenefitswouldextendfarbeyondindividualpatientcare.Cancerbiologistscouldusethesevirtualcellstobetterunderstandhowspecificgeneticmutations(基因突變)transformhealthycellsintounhealthyones.Developmentalbiologistscouldtrackhowcellschangeasorganismsgrow,potentiallyuncoveringnewwaystotreatagerelateddiseases.Microbiologistscouldmodelviralinfectionstopredictnotjusthowvirusesaffectindividualcellsbuthowtheymightimpactentireorgansorsystems.EmmaLundberg,associateprofessorofbioengineeringandpathologyatStanford,says,“Thisprojectrequirescooperationacrossscientificfields,industriesandnations,andweunderstandthatfullyfunctionalmodelsmightnotbeavailableforadecadeormore.Withtoday’srapidlyexpandingAIcapabilitiesandmassivedatasets,thetimeisripeforustounitetoreachforthestars.”1.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“inisolation”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Innovatively. B.plicatedly. C.Physically. D.Separately.2.Howcoulddoctorsmainlyusethevirtualcellsystem?A.Matchhealthycellsforpatients. B.Testpossibletreatmentsinadvance.C.Createrealcopiesofhealthycells. D.Teachrobotstoconductsurgery.3.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Otherpotentialapplicationsofvirtualcells. B.Enormousbenefitsofindividualpatientcare.C.Howscientistsinmedicinecooperatetogether. D.Howsomediseasesaredetectedandprevented.4.WhatisthemainpurposeofEmmaLundberg’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Tocallforjointeffortstopletetheproject.B.Toremindscientiststowaitforthetimetostart.C.Towarnagainstspendingmuchtimeonthegoal.D.Toacknowledgecurrenttransformativeadvances.Passage4[2025湖南省株洲市高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量統(tǒng)一檢測(cè)(一模)考試]Animalshibernate(冬眠)toconserveenergyduringcoldmonthswhenfoodisinshortage,slowingtheirheartrateanddroppingtheirbodytemperaturetoenteraninactivestate.Thisisonlysurvivableiftheirbloodcontinuestoflowandsupplyoxygentothebody,butscientistshaven’tfullyunderstoodhowthishappens.Iftheycanfigureouthow,thepotentialsignificanceisthatpeoplemightonedaybeabletocopytheprocessformedicaltreatmentsorlongdistancespacetravel.Scientistsalreadyknowthatredbloodcellschangeshapetofitdifferentpressuresandbloodvesselsizes.Toinvestigateifsomethinglikethishappensinthecellsofhibernatinganimalstokeepbloodflowing,GeraldKerthandhisteamturnedtobats.Byanalysingthousandsofredbloodcellsfrombatsandpeople,theydiscoveredthatthecellsbecamethickerandstickierastemperaturesdroppedfrom37℃to23℃.Butwhentheycooledthecellsto10℃,thebatcellscontinuedthismetamorphosis,whereasthehumancellsdidnot.Indeed,thebatcellscontinuedtofunction.Thischangemightslowdownthecellsastheypassthroughcapillaries(毛細(xì)血管)inthemusclesandlungs,makingthemefficientatexchanginggases,likeoxygen,throughoutthebody.Theteambelievesthatthemechanicalpropertiesofthebatredbloodcellmembranes(膜)playakeyrole.Thefindingssuggestthatdrugscouldonedayenablehumanredbloodcellmembranestoimitatethewaythebatmembranesreacttothecold.Surgeonsalreadyusebodycoolingduringcertainprocedurestoslowdownmetabolism,whichcanhelppreventorgandamageinpeopleexperiencingheartattacks,organtransplantsormajorbrainsurgery.“Beingabletolengthenthatcoolingtime,ordropthetemperaturelower,couldincreasethosebenefits,”saysKerth.Natureisfullofyettobedisclosedsecretsthatcanteachushowtooverepresentandfuturemedicalandtechnologicalchallenges.Inthefuture,hibernationwillallowofefficientlongdistancespacetravel,requiringminimumfoodandresourceswhilepreservinghealthduringthejourney.1.Whyisstudyinganimalhibernationsignificant?A.Itbenefitshuman’sactivestates. B.Itbringsaboutmedicaladvances.C.Itcontributestoatourismboom. D.Itpromiseshuman’shealthyheartrate.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“metamorphosis”inparagraph3mean?A.Decline. B.Destruction. C.Transportation. D.Transformation.3.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A.Coolingtechniqueshaveimproved. B.Drugsmakehumancellsworklikebatcells.C.Bodycoolingmattersinsurgeries. D.Lowerbodytemperaturehelpsorganrecovery.4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardGeraldKerth’sresearch?A.Unclear. B.Dismissive. C.Doubtful. D.Approving.高頻話(huà)題02人與社會(huì)—科學(xué)技術(shù)Passage1[2025湖南省長(zhǎng)沙市第一次新高考適應(yīng)性考試]Artificialintelligence—orAI—istheputercode(代碼)thatallowsamachinetodosomethingthatnormallyrequiresahumanbrain.OnTikTok,forinstance,AIsortsthepostssothatthefirstonesyouseearelikelytobethoseyou’dprefer.ButbeforeanAIcandoanyofthat,developersmusttrainit.Andthetrainingconsumesenergy.AItrainingispoweredmostlybyfossil(化石)fuels,accordingtooneofthelargeststudiesofitskind.Lessthan25percentofAIsuselowcarbonenergysourcessuchashydroelectricityandnuclearpowerduringtraining.Infact,researchersnowworrythattraining’sappetiteforenergycouldsoonbeeahugeproblem.TheenergytodevelopAIesoutoftheelectricalnet.Andinmostpartsoftheworld,makingelectricityemits(排放)carbondioxideandothergreenhousegasesintotheair.LanguageprocessingAIsystemslearnbydevouring(吞食)textsinaparticularlanguage.Thismightinclude“reading”everythingeverpublishedonlineinsomelanguage,includinglibrariesfullofoldbooksthathavebeendigitized.Suchdataintensivetrainingusesalotofenergy.TotranslatebetweenEnglishandChinese,forexample,anAImodelmaydealwithmillionsorevenbillionsoftranslatedbooksandarticles.Inthisway,itlearnswhichwordsandphrasesmatch.Later,whengivenanewtext,itremendsitsowntranslation.In2019,researcherscalculatedtheimpactofdevelopingAImodelnamedTransformer.Itreleasedamassive626,000poundsofcarbondioxide.That’sequaltothegreenhousegasesthatwouldbepouredbyfiveAmericancarsfromwhentheyweremadetowhentheywerejunked.Today,mostAIdevelopmenthappensatdatacenters.Theseputerfilledbuildingsaccountforsome2percentUSelectricityuseand1percentofglobalenergyuse.SomeAIexpertshavesoundedanalarmaboutthethreattheseenergygiantspose.1.WhatisAItrainingmainlyenergizedby?A.Fossilfuels. B.Solarenergy. C.Nuclearenergy. D.Greenhousegases.2.WhatdoweknowaboutthelanguageprocessingAIsystems?A.Theyprocesslimitedtexts. B.Theywillreplacetranslators.C.Theyseldomreaddigitalbooks. D.Theyareenergyconsuming.3.WhydoestheauthormentionTransformerinparagraph4?A.Tohighlightitssignificance. B.TospeakhighlyofAI’spower.C.Todemonstrateresearchers’creativity. D.Tostressitseffectontheenvironment.4.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.AI’sdevelopmentposesathreattodatacenters.B.TheenergyconsumptionofAIcan’tbeignored.C.AIiseffectivelytransformingthewaywelearn.D.Peopleshouldtakeactiontoreducegasemission.Passage2[2025廣東省河源市高三畢業(yè)班下學(xué)期調(diào)研模擬測(cè)試(一)]Withtherapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence,DeepSeek,aChineseAIpany,hasemergedasapioneerineducationaltechnology.Itslatestmodel,DeepSeekR1,binesadvancedmachinelearningmethodstoprovidepersonalizedlearningsolutionsforstudentsworldwide.UnliketraditionalAImodelsthatrelyonpreprogrammedanswers,DeepSeekR1usesreinforcement(強(qiáng)化)learningtosimulatehumanreasoning.Thisallowsittoguidestudentsthroughproblemsolvingstepbystep,muchlikeapatienttutor.Forexample,whenastudentstruggleswithamathequation,DeepSeekR1doesn’tjustgivetheanswer;itbreaksdownthelogic,identifieserrors,andencouragescriticalthinking.Themodel’sapplicationsextendbeyondacademics.Inlanguagelearning,itanalyzesstudents’pronunciationthroughAIspeechrecognitionandoffersrealtimefeedback.Forteachers,DeepSeekR1cangeneratelessonplansalignedwithcurriculumstandardsandevenpredictstudents’learningdifficultiesbasedonhistoricaldata.Its“adaptivetesting”featurecreatescustomizedquizzesthatadjustdifficultyaccordingtoindividualprogress.However,challengesremain.CriticsarguethatoverrelianceonAImightreducehumaninteractionineducation.DeepSeek’sdevelopersaddressthisbyemphasizingitsroleasa“supplement,notareplacement.”AsDr.Li,aDeepSeekresearcher,stated,“Ourgoalistofreeteachersfromrepetitivetaskssotheycanfocusoninspiringcreativity.”Lookingahead,DeepSeekaimstointegratevirtualreality(VR)intoitsplatform,allowingstudentstoexplorehistoricaleventsorscientificconceptsinimmersive3Denvironments.WhileethicaldebatesaboutAIineducationpersist,onethingisclear:toolslikeDeepSeekarereshapinghowwelearn,blendingtechnologywithhumanwisdom.1.WhatmakesDeepSeekR1differentfromtraditionalAImodels?A.Itusespreprogrammedanswers.B.Itfocusesonmemorizationtechniques.C.Itreplacesteachersinclassrooms.D.Itemploysreinforcementlearningforreasoning.2.Theunderlinedword“adaptive”inParagraph3mostlikelymeans______.A.fixed B.adjustableC.plicated D.outdated3.WhatcanbeinferredaboutDeepSeek’sfutureplans?A.VRtechnologywillenhanceinteractivelearning.B.Itwilleliminateallclassroomactivities.C.Itprioritizesprofitovereducationalvalues.D.TeacherswilllosetheirjobstoAI.4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.ToadvertiseDeepSeekproducts.B.TocriticizetherisksofAIinschools.C.TodiscussAI’sroleintransformingeducation.D.ToparedifferentAImodels.Passage3[2025廣東省三校高三下學(xué)期2月第一次模擬考試一模]AItechnologyhaslongbeenabletorecognizepatternsinmusicpreferencesandcreatepersonalizedplaylists.Now,anewAIsystemhastakenthisastepfurtherbyanalyzinghowpeoplelistentomusicandidentifyingtheirunique?“l(fā)isteningstyles.”Thisadvancementinthefieldof?“audiometric”analysiscouldrevolutionizehowmusicstreamingservicestailorplayliststoindividualusers,makingthemmorepersonalizedandenjoyable.However,therearealsoconcernsthatsuchsystemscouldpotentiallytrackusers’listeninghabitsinwaysthatpromiseprivacy.Musicremendationalgorithms,suchasthoseusedbySpotifyandAppleMusic,havebeenhighlyeffectiveatsuggestingnewsongsandartists.ButDr.EmilyCarter,amusicdatascientistattheUniversityofMusicandTechnology,notesthatthesealgorithmsoftenuseaonesizefitsallapproachthatdoesn’tcapturethenuancesofindividuallisteningbehavior.Tobetterunderstandandcatertoindividualpreferences,researchersneedtoanalyzeeachuser’suniquelisteningpatterns.TodevelopandtraintheirAI,theresearcherscollecteddatafromover50millionlisteningsessionsandfeditintoaneuralnetwork.Theytestedthesystembyseeinghowwellitcoulddistinguishbetweendifferentusers’listeninghabits.Thesystemwasgiven100listeningsessionsfromeachofabout3,000knownusersand100newsessionsfromanunknownuser.TheAIlookedforthebestmatchandidentifiedtheunknownuser86%ofthetime,accordingtoastudypresentedattheInternationalConferenceonMusicInformationRetrieval(ISMIR).?“Wewerequitesurprisedbytheaccuracy,”saysAlexJohnson,adoctoralstudentinCarter’slabandtheleadauthorofthestudy.AnonAImethodwasonly28%accurate.?“Theworkisreallyinnovative,”saysDr.SarahKim,amusicresearcheratGoogle.?“Personalizedmusicexperiencescouldtransformhowweinteractwithmusicplatforms.”Theresearchersareawareoftheprivacyimplicationsoftheirsystem,whichcouldpotentiallyidentifyusersbasedontheirlisteninghabits.Intheory,similarsystemscouldalsoanalyzeotherbehaviors,suchasthetypesofpodcastspeoplelistentoorthetimingoftheirmusicconsumption.ISMIRorganizersfoundthestudytechnicallyimpressivebutethicallyquestionable,andaccepteditontheconditionthattheresearchersdetailtheprivacyrisks.Cartersaystheyhavedecided,fornow,nottoreleasethesoftwarepublicly.1.WhatadvanceinAItechnologyisdescribedinthearticle?A.Itcanrecognizedifferenthumanchessplayers.B.Itcancreatepersonalizedplaylistsbasedonuniquelisteningstyles.C.Itcanidentifydifferentpeople’shandwriting.D.Itcantrackpeople’sunacceptableonlinebehavior.2.WhyisthenewAIsystemconsideredinnovativeaccordingtoDr.SarahKim?A.Itcanrecognizepatternsinmusicpreferencesmoreaccuratelythanexistingalgorithms.B.Itusesaonesizefitsallapproachtosuggestnewsongs.C.Itcananalyzethetypesofpodcastspeoplelistento.D.Itcanidentifyusersbasedontheirlisteninghabitswithhighaccuracy.3.WhatisthemainconcernregardingthenewAIsystemdescribedinthearticle?A.Itsabilitytocreatehighlypersonalizedplaylists.B.Itspotentialtopromiseuserprivacybytrackinglisteninghabits.C.ItslimitedaccuracyparedtononAImethods.D.Itsinabilitytodistinguishbetweendifferentusers’listeninghabits.4.WhatistheattitudeoftheISMIRorganizerstowardthestudyonthenewAIsystem?A.Favorable. B.Disappointed.C.Careful. D.UninterestedPassage4[2025江蘇省泰州市海陵區(qū)江蘇省泰州中學(xué)一模]IndoorfoodgrowingoperationsareseeingbothsuccessesandfailuresintheUnitedStates.Somepaniesinthefoodindustryareinvesting(投資)evenaspetitorsfail.CaliforniabasedPlentyUnlimitedthissummerbeganworkingon$300millionindoorplants,whileKrogerannouncedthatitwouldbeincreasingitsavailabilityofvertically(垂直地)farmedproduce.Meanwhile,twoindoorfarmingpaniesthatgotstrongbacking—NewJersey’sAeroFarmsandKentucky’sAppHarvest—filedforfinancialfailureandreorganization.AndafiveyearoldpanyinDetroit,PlantedDetroit,shutitsdoorsthissummer.TheindustrychangesdonotworryJacobPortillo,agrowerwithEdenGreenTechnology,anindoorfarmingpany.“Thefactthatotherpeoplearefailingandotherpeoplearesucceedingisgoingtohappeninanyindustryyougoto,”hesaid.Indoorfarmingreferstogrowingcropsindoors,whichexpertssometimescall“controlledenvironmentagriculture”.Therearedifferentmethods.Onemethodcalledverticalfarminginvolvesputtingproducefromfloortoceiling,oftenunderartificiallightsandwiththeplantsgrowinginnutrientenrichedwater.Othergrowersaretryingverylargegreenhouses,indoorbedsofsoilinbigbuildingsandusingspecialrobotsforpartsofthefarmingprocess.Supporterssaygrowingindoorsuseslesswaterandlandandpermitsfoodtobegrownclosertoconsumers,savingontransport.Indoorgrowingisalsoawaytoprotectcropsfromincreasinglyextremeweathercausedbyclimatechange.Butcriticsquestionthesustainability(可持續(xù)性)ofoperationsthatcanrequirealotofenergyforartificiallights.Andtheysaypayingforthatlightcanmakeprofitabilityimpossible.CurtCovingtonofAgAmericaLending,aprivateinvestmentpanycenteredonagriculture,isnotconvincedthatindoorfarmingoperationscanwork—exceptinspecialcases.Giventhehighcostofindooroperations,Covingtonsaid,“It’sjusthardtobeveryprofitable.”1.WhatisJacobPortillo’sattitudetotheindoorfoodgrowingindustry?A.Positive. B.Worried. C.Unclear. D.Doubtful.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutindoorfarming?A.Ittakesalotofmanpowertotakecareofplants.B.Itmeansgrowingplantsinwaterinsteadofsoil.C.Itprotectscropsfromincreasinglyextremeweather.D.Itisdifferentfromcontrolledenvironmentagriculture.3.WhydidCurtCovingtonquestionindoorfarmingoperations?A.Theyproducelittlefood. B.Theycarrygreatcost.C.Theyneedsunlight. D.Theylackinvestors.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhatTypesofFoodCanBeGrownIndoors?B.HowCanYouGrowFoodIndoorsWithoutSoil?C.IndoorFarmingpaniesTakeAgricultureIndoorsD.IndoorFoodGrowingOperationsFaceanUncertainFuturePassage5[2025安徽省合肥市高三上學(xué)期第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)]ScientistswiththeBrainGateresearchcenterhavedevelopedabreakthroughbrainputerinterface(BCI).Thesystemaimstorestoremunicationforindividualswithspeechdisabilitiescausedbyconditionslikeamyotrophiclateralsclerosis(ALS),whichleadtothegraduallossofmobilityandspeech.Itusesimplantedsensorstointerpretbrainsignalswhenauserattemptstospeak,transformingthemintotextthatisreadaloudbyaputer.Thestudy,publishedintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicineonAugust14,wasledbyDavidBrandmanandSergeyStavisky,facultymembersatUCDavisHealth.ALS,alsoknownasLouGehrig’sdisease,affectsnervecellscontrollingmusclemovement.BCItechnologycanrestoremunicationforthoseaffected.Inthisstudy,CaseyHarrell,a45yearoldmanwithALS,regainedtheabilitytomunicateeffectivelywithinminutesofusingthesystem.Harrelldescribedtheexperienceaslifechanging,saying,“Mypastconditionwassodemoralizing.Notbeingabletomunicateseemsasifyouweretrapped.Somethinglikethistechnologywillhelppeoplegetbackintolifeandsociety.”TheBrainGateclinicaltrial,ledbyDr.LeighHochbergfromBrownUniversity,hasmademajorprogressininterpretingbrainsignalstohelppeoplewithparalysis(癱瘓)municate.InJuly2023,theUCDavisteamimplantedaBCIdeviceintoHarrell’sbrain,focusingontheleftprecentralgyrus,apartofthebrainthatcontrolsspeech.Thesystemtranslatesbrainactivityintophonemes(音素)andwords,enablingrealtimemunication.Harrell’sBCIgeneratedspeechwithavoicesimilartohisown,usingsoftwaretrainedwithexistingvoicesamplesofhisvoicebeforehedevelopedALS.Thisallowedhimtoconnectwithhislovedonesinadeeplypersonalway.Over32weeksand248hoursofuse,thesystemachievedremarkableresults,with99.6%acéuracyfora50wordvocabularyin30minutesoftrainingand90.2%accuracyfora125,000wordvocabularyafter1.4additionaltraininghours.“Thisistransformativetechnology,”Brandmansaid.“Itprovideshopeforpeoplewhowanttospeakbutcan’t.”Dr.JohnNgai,directoroftheNIH’sBRAINInitiative,highlightedthemilestoneasamajorstepinrestoringmunicationforindividualslockedinbyparalysis.1.WhatdoweknowabouttheBrainGateBCI?A.Itisusedtotreatspeechdisabilities.B.Ittranslatesbrainsignalsintospeech.C.IthelpspeoplewithALSmoveandspeak.D.Itconnectsbrainstomakeputerssmarter.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“demoralizing”inparagraph2mean?A.Discouraging. B.Demanding. C.forting. D.Eyeopening.3.WhywasthespeechposedinHarrell’spreALSvoice?A.Toenablehismunicationinrealtime.B.Tomakehisspeechemotionallymeaningful.C.Toimprovetheaccuracyofspeechtranslation.D.Tohelpinterprethisbrainsignalsmoreeasily.4.WhatisDr.JohnNgai’sattitudetowardstheBrainGateBCI?A.Favourable. B.Unclear. C.Cautious. D.Dismissive.Passage6[2025·浙江杭州·一模]Formany,travelisn’tjustaboutthedestination—it’saboutmakingthemostofthejourney.However,foralotofpeople,thejourneyisoftenruinedbyanunfortableexperienceoftenacpaniedbyvomiting,knownasmotionsickness.Ifyou’veeverfelttheunweleurgetovomitwhilereadingorusingyourdeviceinamovingvehicle,you’renotalone.Recognizingthismonissue,Applehassteppeduptoofferarevolutionarysolution;theVehicleMotionCuesfeatureforiPhonesandiPads.Motionsicknessoccurswhenthereisadisconnectbetweenwhatyoureyesseeandwhatyour