2018-2019學(xué)年高中一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語講義選修八Module4WhichEnglish

Module4WhichEnglish?一、單詞表詞匯全查驗(yàn)——運(yùn)用多媒體，提問默寫詞匯Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢)[第一屏聽寫]1．a(chǎn)bsurdadj.荒謬的，荒唐的2．a(chǎn)busev.辱罵；惡語3．a(chǎn)mbiguousadj.歧義的；含糊的4．a(chǎn)ncestorn.祖先，前輩5．betrayv.對(duì)……不忠6．clarifyv.弄明白；澄清[第二屏聽寫]7．classifyv．將……分類8．clumsyadj.笨拙的9．dilemman.進(jìn)退兩難的境地；困難的抉擇10．explicitadj.清楚明白的；易于理解的11．prayern.祈禱文；悼詞12．prejudicen.偏見；歧視[第三屏聽寫]13．rhythmn．節(jié)奏；韻律14．straightforwardadj.簡單的，易懂的15．superioradj.更好的；更強(qiáng)的16．telegraphn.電報(bào)17．tendencyn.趨向；傾向18．vagueadj.不明確的；含糊的Ⅱ.高頻詞匯(漢譯英)[第四屏聽寫]1．a(chǎn)pprovaln．贊許；贊成2．a(chǎn)ssociationn.聯(lián)系3．a(chǎn)uthorn.作家，作者4．candidaten.投考者，應(yīng)考人5．plainv.抱怨；不滿6．conceptn.概念；觀念[第五屏聽寫]7．conflictn．抵觸；沖突8．countv.很重要；很有價(jià)值9．debaten.討論；辯論10．instantlyadv.立即，馬上11．investigatev.調(diào)查12．linkn.聯(lián)系[第六屏聽寫]13．matterv．重要，要緊；有關(guān)系14．median.新聞媒體，傳媒15．moraln.寓意；教育意義16．opposev.反對(duì)17．potentialadj.潛在的；可能的18．rejectv.拒絕接受[第七屏聽寫]19．relevantadj.有關(guān)的；切題的20．resistn.反抗；抵抗21．revolutionn.革命22．selectv.挑選，選擇23．sexn.性別24．statusn.地位[第八屏聽寫]25．thusadv.因此；因而26．uniqueadj.獨(dú)一無二的；獨(dú)特的27．a(chǎn)cquirev.得到，獲得28．conveyv.傳達(dá)，傳遞29．convincedadj.確信的，信服的30．curiosityn.好奇心[第九屏聽寫]31．furthermoreadv.此外，而且32．overev.征服；戰(zhàn)勝33．recognisableadj.能辨認(rèn)的，能認(rèn)出的34．significancen.意義；含義35．withdrawv.收回；撤銷(說過的話)36．a(chǎn)_huge_number_of大量的[第十屏聽寫]37．a(chǎn)s_long_as只要38．get_down_to_sth.開始做某事39．in_conclusion總之40．let_sb._down使某人失望41．lie_in在于42．tell_...apart區(qū)分開二、單元核心考點(diǎn)初熱身——提供語境，單元考點(diǎn)自測回顧(一)分類識(shí)記單詞——用時(shí)少·功效高識(shí)記單詞寫對(duì)Ⅰ.知其意(英譯漢)1.absurdadj.荒謬的，荒唐的2.ambiguousadj.歧義的；含糊的3.ancestorn.祖先，前輩4.betrayv.對(duì)……不忠5.clarifyv.弄明白；澄清6.classifyv.將……分類7.prejudicen．偏見；歧視8.rhythmn.節(jié)奏；韻律9.dilemman.進(jìn)退兩難的境地；困難的抉擇10.vagueadj.不明確的；含糊的Ⅱ.寫其形(漢譯英)1.candidaten.投考者，應(yīng)考人2.acquirev．得到，獲得3.conflictn.抵觸；沖突4.debaten.討論；辯論5.potentialadj.潛在的；可能的6.relevantadj.有關(guān)的；切題的7.withdrawv.收回；撤銷(說過的話)8.uniqueadj.獨(dú)一無二的；獨(dú)特的核心單詞練通1.Expertssuggestthatteenagersspendatleast30minutesexercising.Fivetimesaweek.Walkingandridingyourbikecount(很重要),andsodoschoolsports.2.Itdidn'tmatter(有影響)whethertheweatherwasgoodorbad.3.Thepresidentopposes(反對(duì))givingmilitaryaidtothiscountry.4.Theambassadorpersonallyconveyed(傳達(dá))thepresident'smessagetothepremier.5.Hopefully,anothertenvolunteerswillhavebeenselected(挑選)toworkinthenewexhibitionbytheendofthisweek.6.Herbrotherwasrejected(拒絕接受)bythearmybecauseofhisbadeyesight.7.Kathyhaswastedsomuchtimeplaying,thus(因此)failingintheexam.8.Relyingontheirownefforts,theyovercame(克服)allthedifficultiesandfinishedthetaskaheadoftime.拓展單詞用活[記全記牢]1.approvaln．贊許；贊成→approvev．贊許；贊成；批準(zhǔn)2plainv．抱怨；不滿→plaintn．抱怨；投訴3.instantlyadv.立即，馬上→instantadj.立即的；緊急的，立刻的n.瞬間，立刻4.investigatev．調(diào)查→investigationn．調(diào)查，研究5.recognisableadj.能辨認(rèn)的，能認(rèn)出的→recognisev．認(rèn)出；承認(rèn)→recognitionn．認(rèn)出；承認(rèn)6.convincedadj.確信的，信服的→convincingadj.有說服力的；令人信服的→convincevt.使信服/確信，說服7.significancen．意義；含義→significantadj.有意義的8.resistv．反抗；抵抗→resistancen．反抗；抵抗→resistantadj.反抗的；抵抗的9.curiosityn．好奇心→curiousadj.好奇的→curiouslyadv.好奇地10.associationn．聯(lián)系→associatev．聯(lián)系；使發(fā)生聯(lián)系→associatedadj.有聯(lián)系的[用準(zhǔn)用活]1.Inwesterncountries,thenumber“thirteen”isusuallyassociatedwithbadluck,butactuallythereisn'tanyassociationbetweenthem.(associate)2.Thankstoyourapproval,_ifyoudidn'tapproveofmyplan,Iwouldbefiredbytheemployer.(approve)3.Togetmoreevidence,thelawyerinvestigatedmanywitnesses.Afterinvestigation,_hegotsomeusefulproof.(investigate)4.MoststudentsthinkitsignificanttojointheEnglishcorner,thoughafewhaven'trealizedthesignificanceofit.(significance)5.It'saconvincingspeechandI'mconvincedthatmanypeoplewillbenefitfromit.(convince)6.Theboyiscuriouslywatchingwhattheoldmanisdoinginthegarden.Heisalwayscuriousabouttheworldoutsideandshowsgreatcuriosityaboutwhatisgoingoninnature.(curious)?eq\a\vs4\al(積得多平時(shí)多輸入，用時(shí)順手出)1.說說“贊成”相關(guān)詞匯①approvaln．贊許；贊成②agreev.同意，贊成③approvev.贊許；贊成④agreementn.同意⑤favourn.贊同，支持⑥agreewith同意，贊成⑦infavourof支持，贊同⑧befor支持，贊成2.聚焦-se結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞①recognise認(rèn)出；承認(rèn)②organise組織，組合③realise認(rèn)識(shí)到，實(shí)現(xiàn)④arise出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生⑤oppose反對(duì)⑥abuse濫用；虐待⑦expose暴露⑧advertise做廣告3.“反對(duì)”詞匯大比拼①opposevt.反對(duì)②objectvi.反對(duì)③disapprovevt.反對(duì)；不同意④disagreevi.不同意⑤objectto反對(duì)⑥beopposedto反對(duì)⑦beagainst反對(duì)(二)語段串記短語——不枯燥·興趣高先寫對(duì)再用準(zhǔn)第一組1.be_relevant_to與……有關(guān)的2.get_down_to_sth.開始做某事3.tell_...apart區(qū)分開4.as_long_as只要5.or_rather更確切地說，倒不如說6.be_meant_for意欲……，有……目的It'scertain:fortwins,lifereallydoesimitateart.Mytwinbrother,Kirk,andIgrewupbeingconstantlymistakenforeachother.Classmates,friends,teachers,evenrelativescouldn't①tellusapart.②Or_ratheronlymyparentscouldknowwhowaswho.Asaresult,wewereoftenunfairlypunishedorrewarded.Asamatteroffact,③as_long_astheypaidmoreattentiontoouractionscarefully,theycouldtellthedifference.第二組1.let_sb.down使某人失望2municate_with與……交流3.a_huge_number_of大量的4.in_case以免，萬一5.lie_in在于6.in_conclusion總之Ourneedto①municate_witheachotherhasbeenadrivingforceinthedevelopmentoftechnology.WenowhaveinstantmessagingservicessuchasQQandWeChat.Ifyouwanttomakemorefriendsalloverthecountry,QQorWeChatwon't②letyoudown.③A_huge_number_ofpeopleareusingthemtomeetandchatwithstrangersnowadays.Butyoushouldbecautious④in_casethestrangersarecheaters.?eq\a\vs4\al(積得多平時(shí)多輸入，用時(shí)順手出)1.“總之”說法種種①inconclusion②(all)inall③inaword④inshort/brief⑤ingeneral⑥asawhole2.“開始做某事”短語大團(tuán)圓①getdownto(doing)sth.②settledowntosth.③setaboutdoingsth.④setouttodosth.⑤start/begintodo/doingsth.[自我積累](三)仿寫用活句式——造佳句·表達(dá)高

背原句明句式學(xué)仿寫1.Inthissenseeverybody'suseoflanguage—whetherEnglish,Chinese,oranyother—isdifferent.從這種意義上來說，每個(gè)人對(duì)語言的使用——不管是英語、漢語還是任何其他語言——都是不同的。whether...or...“不論……還是……”，用于連接并列成分。她去也好留也好都沒有什么關(guān)系。Itmakesnodifferencewhether_she_goes_or_she_stays.2.Perhapscorrectnessdoesn'tmatter—aslongasspeakerscanunderstandeachother—it'smunicationthatcounts.也許正確與否不要緊——只要說話的人互相明白就行——重要的是交流本身。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)了句子的主語。正是我們在回家的時(shí)候我才意識(shí)到幫助別人是多么令人愉悅。It_was_when_we_were_returning_home_thatIrealizedhowhappyitwastohelpothers.3.Englishhasahugenumberofcolourfulandsplendidexpressionswhichmaybedifficulttounderstand.英語中有大量絢爛而華麗但可能很難懂的表達(dá)?！爸髡Z＋be＋adj.＋todo...”句式。首先，我建議你學(xué)習(xí)唐朝的歷史，這可能會(huì)比較容易理解。(2017·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))Firstly,IadviseyoutolearnthehistoryoftheTangDynasty,which_may_be_much_easier_to_understand.考點(diǎn)新組合閱讀微技能Tomseemedabitclumsyinlanguagestudy,especiallyintellingwordsapart.Thoughtheteacherexplainedthemmanytimes,buthestillfelttheywerehardtounderstand.?Tomdebatedthatthereasonlay______?thefactthattheteacher'steachingmethodwasnotcorrect.Atlast,theteacherimprovedhisteachingmethod.Gradually,Tom'sperformancewasimproved.1.①句中有一處語言錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)改正。去掉but2.②處應(yīng)填入的介詞為in。3.②所在句中的that引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句。1．debaten．討論；辯論v.辯論；爭論(1)underdebate 正在討論中holdadebate 舉行一場辯論adebateabout/over/on 一場有關(guān)……的辯論(2)debateon/about/over... 就……進(jìn)行辯論debatewithsb.aboutsth. 和某人就某事辯論[多角練透]單句語法填空①Oneofthequestionsunderdebateovereducationinmanycollegesiswhethereducationisalifetimestudy.②Theydebatedforanhourabout/on/overtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftheplan.補(bǔ)全句子③Theydebated_with_each_other_about/on_the_environment_protectionandeconomicgrowth.他們相互討論環(huán)境保護(hù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。2．tell...apart區(qū)分開(1)tellAfromB＝tellthedifferencebetweenAandB＝distinguishbetweenAandB＝distinguishAfromB把A和B區(qū)分開來(2)take...apart把……拆開fallapart破碎；土崩瓦解apartfrom除……之外setsb.apart使某人與眾不同[多角練透]補(bǔ)全句子①Hehadadeepvoice,whichset_him_apartfromothersinoursmalltown.他的深沉的聲音把他和我們小鎮(zhèn)上的其他人區(qū)別開來。②Thisessayisgoodapart_fromacoupleofspellingmistakes.除了有些拼寫錯(cuò)誤，這篇文章寫得不錯(cuò)。句型轉(zhuǎn)換③Youcantellmytwinsbrotherandmeapartbythismarkonmyface.→Youcantell_the_difference_betweenmytwinsbrotherandmebythismarkonmyface.→Youcandistinguish_betweenmytwinsbrotherandmebythismarkonmyface.→Youcandistinguishmytwinsbrotherfrommebythismarkonmyface.3．“主語＋be＋adj.＋todo...”句式Englishhasahugenumberofcolourfulandsplendidexpressionswhich_may_be_difficult_to_understand.英語中有大量絢爛而華麗但可能很難懂的表達(dá)?！爸髡Z＋be＋adj.＋todo...”句式有以下特點(diǎn)：(1)不定式說明主語在哪些方面存在形容詞所表示的特點(diǎn)或性質(zhì)。(2)不定式所表示的動(dòng)作雖與句子的主語之間為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，但通常以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。(3)如果不定式為不及物動(dòng)詞，則后面要有相應(yīng)的介詞。(4)該句式中常用的形容詞有easy,hard,difficult,pleasant,fortable,impossible,interesting,exciting,important等。①Thismachineisveryeasyto_operate(operate)．Anybodycanlearntouseitinafewminutes.這臺(tái)機(jī)器很容易操作。任何人學(xué)習(xí)幾分鐘就會(huì)使用。②Althoughtheladylookselegant,actuallysheis_hard_to_get_along_with.盡管這位女士看上去很優(yōu)雅，但實(shí)際上卻很難與之相處。③Thechairlooksratherhard,butinfactitis_very_fortable_to_sit_on.這把椅子看上去很硬，但事實(shí)上坐在上面很舒服。考點(diǎn)新組合閱讀微技能MrZhangcaredmuchabouthisson'sstudy,buthissonstillcouldn'tlearnEnglishwell，______?lethimdown.Healwaysplainedaboutit.Tobehonest,Iopposedtoeducatingchildreninthewayhedidit.?Atlast,hewasconvincedthatdifferenteducationalwayswouldleadtodifferentresults.1.①處應(yīng)填入的最佳選項(xiàng)為__A__。A.whichB．whoC．thatD．where2.②句中的Tobehonest意為“老實(shí)說；說實(shí)話”，還可以用Honestly_speaking來表達(dá)。4.opposev．反對(duì)；與……對(duì)抗(1)opposeeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(doingsth.,sb./sb.'sdoingsth.,)) eq\a\vs4\al(反對(duì)做某事,反對(duì)某人做某事)(2)opposedadj. 強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)的，截然不同的beopposedto(doing)sth. 反對(duì)(做)某事(3)oppositeadj. 相反的；對(duì)面的；對(duì)立的 n.對(duì)立面prep. 在……的對(duì)面adv. 在對(duì)面[題點(diǎn)全練]單句語法填空①Theyareopposedtobuilding(build)thenuclearpowerstationneartheirvillage.②Theparentsstronglyopposedtheirdaughtergoing(go)therealone.③Thoughbeatenbytheopposite(oppose)team,theydidn'tloseheart.[辨析比較]oppose,objectoppose表示采取積極行動(dòng)來反對(duì)，著重于動(dòng)作，反對(duì)的對(duì)象一般是較重大的事。oppose后跟動(dòng)詞作賓語時(shí)，要用動(dòng)名詞形式；在beopposedto結(jié)構(gòu)中，to是介詞，其后要用動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語object指個(gè)人不贊成某事，objecttosth./doingsth.5．convincedadj.確信的，信服的(1)beconvincedofsth./that...相信/確信……(2)convincevt.使確信，使信服convinceeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(sb.of...,sb.that...))使某人相信……convincesb.todosth.說服某人做某事(3)convincingadj.有說服力的；令人信服的[多角練透]單句語法填空①Thepictureconvincesmethatitisevenmoreimportanttobeagooddaughterthanagoodstudent.②Wefinallyconvincedthemofourhonestyandtheydecidedtocooperatewithus.③Thereisconvincing(convince)evidencethatskincancerislinkedtoexposuretothesun.補(bǔ)全句子④Ittookmemanyhourstoconvincethe_poor_boy_to_go_to_schoolagain.我花費(fèi)了好幾個(gè)小時(shí)才說服那個(gè)貧窮的孩子重返學(xué)校。6．letsb.down使某人失望letalone更不用說；更談不上letsb./sth.alone不管/不干涉某人/某物letoff讓……下車；寬??；使爆炸letout使出去；放出；泄露；發(fā)出(聲音)letgo(of)放手，松手，放開；使自由letin放進(jìn)，讓……進(jìn)來；容許；許可選用以上短語填空①Throwingtheirhatsintotheair,thefansofthewinningteamlet_outloudshoutsofvictory.②Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance,letting_inthenaturallightduringtheday.③IbelieveIcanbeagoodvolunteerandIwon'tletyoudown.④WhenJohnwasarrestedfordrunkdriving,heexpectedtolosehisdrivinglicense,buthewaslet_offwithafine.[單元語基落實(shí)]Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Apartfromindustrialuse,plasticshavefoundwideapplicationinourdailylife.2．Iwouldappreciateitifmyapplicationcouldgetyourapproval(approve)．3．Therehasalwaysbeenacloseassociation(associate)betweenthesetwoschools.4．Thistimehedidlethismotherdownbecausehehadcheatedintheexam.5．You'llneedtoconvincethemofyourenthusiasmforthejob.6．Ithasbeenreportedthatthecountry'shealth-carereformisstillunderdebate.7．Today'shomeworkwaseasyto_do(do),soMikefinisheditquicklyandwentouttoplay.8．Inconclusion,I'dliketosayhowmuchI'veenjoyedstayinghere.9．Thepolicereceivedseveralplaints(plain)aboutthenoisefromourparty.10．Thestudybroughttogetherdatafrom16previousinvestigations(investigate)．Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．Opposingtotheplanofraisingprices,thepublicdecidedtogoonstrikeonSunday.Opposing→Opposed2．Sowecandothisdirectlyaslongaswewillhavecertaintypesofinformation.去掉will_3．ItwasnotuntilhecamebackfromAfricathatyearwhenhemetthegirlhewouldliketomarry.when→that4．TheroomwhichmyfriendbookedontheInternetisfortabletolive.live后加in5．It'shightimethatweshouldgetdowntodealwiththeproblemoffoodsafety.deal→dealingⅢ.根據(jù)提示詞和相關(guān)要求補(bǔ)全句子1．我們必須和其他會(huì)員討論這個(gè)問題。(debate)Wemustdebate_with_the_rest_of_the_members_aboutthequestion.2．我們學(xué)校的外教很容易相處。(主語＋be＋形容詞＋不定式)Theforeignteacherinourschoolis_easy_to_get_along_with.3．我們相信2022年北京冬奧會(huì)一定會(huì)取得極大的成功。(convince)Weare_convinced_thatthe2022BeijingWinterOlympicGameswillbeagreatsuccess.4．這對(duì)我們是好是壞還很難說。(whether...or...)Whether_it_will_do_us_good_or_harmishardtosay.5．生活中我們可能遇到許多失敗，但只要我們盡了力，就沒有必要為失敗而后悔。(aslongas)Inourlifewemaymeetmanyfailures;as_long_as_we_try_our_best,_thereisnoneedfeelingregretforthesefailures.6．他是通過努力工作才成功的。(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)It_was_through_hard_work_thathesucceeded.Ⅳ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換/一句多譯1．Theseniorstudentsstronglyobjectedtobeingtreatedunfairlybyothers.→Theseniorstudentsare_strongly_opposed_to_being_treatedunfairlybyothers.→Theseniorstudentsare_strongly_against_being_treatedunfairlybyothers.2．Tobehonest,thetwinsistersaremuchalike.Ican'ttellthemapart.→Tobehonest,thetwinsistersareso_much_alike_that_I_can't_tell_them_apart.3．我一直盡力勸服瓊與我同去。①I'vebeentryingtoconvinceJeantoewithme.②I'vebeentryingtopersuadeJeantoewithme.③I'vebeentryingtopersuadeJeanintoingwithme.④I'vebeentryingtotalkJeanintoingwithme.4．許多老人反對(duì)為重建一個(gè)購物中心而砍掉這棵百年老樹。①M(fèi)anyoldmenoppose_cutting_downthe100-year-oldtreeforrebuildingashoppingcenter.(opposedoingsth.)②Manyoldmenare_opposed_to_cutting_downthe100-year-oldtreeforrebuildingashoppingcenter.(beopposedtodoingsth.)[高考拆組訓(xùn)練]閱讀理解組塊專練——練速度(限時(shí)：35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2018·內(nèi)蒙古四校高三檢測)Manywealthyandwell-traveledpeoplewantapletelynewexperience,buttheydon'tnecessarilywanttogiveupluxury(奢華的)acmodationsandservice.Thefollowingvacationscouldbebestchoices.CruisedowntheAmazonRiverAquaExpeditionstakesupto32passengersatatimeonguidedjourneysofthree,four,orsevendaysdowntheAmazonRiver.Thoseadventurersseeforestsandwaterfalls,visitlocalfishmarkets,andtakecanoetrips.Theyalsotakeinwildlifesuchascapuchinmonkeysandriverdolphins.GoGlampinginMontanaTheResortatPawsUplocatedonacattleranch(牧場)isastandoutinthetype.Theranchrentshomeswithuptofourbedrooms,butit'stheluxurytentsthatofferclosermunionwiththeoutdoors.Tentsarearrangedintocamps,eachofwhichhasaprivatechefandbutler,thelatterofwhomhelpsbuildcampfiresandarrangedaytimeactivities.Guestscanparticipateinacattledrive,goclayshooting,takeahotairballoontrip,orridehorses.ClimbinsideaVolcanoinIcelandIcelandisfamousforitsvolcanoesandhasplentyofluxuryhoteloptions.Thrill-seekerscanactuallygodownintothedormant(休眠的),700-foot-deepThrihnukagigur,byusinganopenelevator.Takeahelicopterifyouwanttoskipthe2-milehiketothevolcano,andarrangeaprivatetourtoavoidcrowds.AndvisitorstravelingtherecanenjoytheluxuryhotelsuchastheIONLuxuryAdventureHotelandtheHotelRangá.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了三個(gè)旅游項(xiàng)目。)1．WhatcanadventurersdowhentravelingdowntheAmazonRiver?A．Enjoyindividually-guidedtours.B．Travelwithhotairballoons.C．Getachancetoseewildlife.D．Ridehorsesalongthetrail.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theyalsotakeinwildlifesuchascapuchinmonkeysandriverdolphins.”可知，沿著亞馬孫河旅游的人可以有機(jī)會(huì)觀看野生動(dòng)物，故選C。2．Atwhichplacecanguestsenjoyfoodquitetotheirtaste?A．AquaExpeditions.B．TheResortatPawsUp.C．Thrihnukagigur.D．TheHotelRangá.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“eachofwhichhasaprivatechefandbutler...”可知，在“TheResortatPawsUp”，每個(gè)營地都配有私人廚師，由此可知，游客在這里可吃到非常符合自己口味的食物，故選B。3．Whatdothethreevacationshaveinmon?A．Theyareadventurous.B．Theyareanimal-centered.C．Theyhaveluxuryhoteloptions.D．Theyareintendedfornewtravelers.解析：選A推理判斷題。第一個(gè)項(xiàng)目提到“adventurers”，第二個(gè)項(xiàng)目提到“takeahotairballoontrip,orridehorses”，第三個(gè)項(xiàng)目提到尋求刺激的人可以下到700英尺深的休眠火山中。故這三個(gè)項(xiàng)目的共同點(diǎn)就是：adventurous(驚險(xiǎn)的，刺激的)。B(2018·寧夏銀川高三教學(xué)質(zhì)檢)Itisnotonlypraiseorpunishmentthatdeterminesachild'slevelofconfidence.Therearesomeotherimportantwaysweshapeourkids—particularlybygivinginstructionsandmandsinanegativeorpositivechoiceofwords.Forexample,wecansaytoachild“Don'trunintotraffic！”or“Stayonthefootpathclosetome.”Inusingthelatter,youwillbehelpingyourkidstothinkandactpositively,andtofeelpetentinawiderangeofsituations,becausetheyknowwhattodo,andaren'tscaringthemselveswithwhatnottodo.Actually,itisallinthewaythehumanmindworks.Whatwethink,weautomaticallyrehearse.Forexample,ifsomeoneofferedyouamilliondollarsnottothinkofabluemonkeyfortwominutes,youwouldn'tbeabletodoit.Whenachildistold“Don'tfalloffthetree，”hewillthinkoftwothings：“don't”and“falloffthetree”.Thatis,hewillautomaticallycreatethepictureoffallingoffthetreeinhismind.Achildwhoisvividlyimaginingfallingoffthetreeismuchmorelikelytofalloff.Soitisfarbettertouse“Holdontothetreecarefully.”Clear,positiveinstructionshelpkidstounderstandtherightwaytodothings.Kidsdonotalwaysknowhowtobesafe,orhowtoreacttothewarningofthedangerinnegativewords.Soparentsshouldmaketheirmandspositive.“Sam,holdonfirmlytothesideoftheboat”ismuchmoreusefulthan“Don'tyoudaretofalloutoftheboat？”or“HowdoyouthinkI'llfeelifyoudrown？”Thechangesaresmallbutthedifferenceisobvious.Childrenlearnhowtoguideandorganizethemselvesfromthewayweguidethemwithourwords,soitpaystobepositive.語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。在對(duì)孩子做出命令和指示時(shí)，父母所用的正面或負(fù)面的表達(dá)方式會(huì)影響孩子的自信心。4．Positivechoiceofwordshelpskidsto________.A．dothingscarefullyB．learnindifferentsituationsC．improvetheirimaginationD．builduptheirconfidence解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句可知，父母用積極的表達(dá)方式更能夠激發(fā)孩子們的自信心。故選D。5．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A．Onecan'thelpimaginingwhatisheard.B．Achildwillactonwhatisinstructed.C．Achildwillfalloffthetreewhentoldnotto.D．Onewon'tthinkofabluemonkeywhengivenmoney.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第三句“Forexample,ifsomeoneofferedyouamilliondollarsnottothinkofabluemonkeyfortwominutes,youwouldn'tbeabletodoit.”及后面的兩個(gè)例子可知，當(dāng)被告知不要做某事時(shí)，腦海中卻會(huì)情不自禁地浮現(xiàn)出做某事的樣子，故選A。6．Whichofthefollowingmandshelpskidstobesafe?A．Fastenyourseatbelt.B．Don'tplaybythelake.C．HowdoyouthinkI'llfeelifyougethurt?D．Don'tyoudaretowalkthroughtheredlight?解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，明確的、肯定的命令更能讓孩子們正確地行事，故A項(xiàng)符合題意。7．Themainideaofthepassageisthat________.A．praisemakeskidsconfidentB．rightinstructionskeepkidssafeC．positiveinstructionsguidekidsD．clearmandsmakekidsdifferent解析：選C主旨大意題。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要論述了不同的命令和指示方式運(yùn)用在教導(dǎo)孩子上的效果是迥然不同的，積極的指令有助于增加孩子的自信，指導(dǎo)孩子的行為，故選C。C(2018·福州市普通高中畢業(yè)班質(zhì)檢)OnWednesday,nearly300kidswilltakepartintheNationalSpellingBee.Fewerwillmakeittothefollowingday'ssemi-finals,whereonemistakemeanselimination(淘汰)．I'dbetthatmanyofthemwillbesilentlypraying—notonthefirstword.IknewitbecauseIwasthere17yearsago.Iwasa14-year-oldgirlthen.MymotherandIhadflownfromKentuckytoWashington,butthecapitalwasnostrangetoher.Myoldersisterhadalreadypetedatthenationallevel.Whenmysisterwas14andIwas12,wetrainedtogether.WebeganwiththeSuggestedListgivenoutatschool—hundredsofwordsprintedonaposterthatcouldbefoldeduplikeamap.Whenthewordsalongthecreases(褶痕)begantodisappear,weboughtadditionalspellinglists.Sometimesmymothertestedus,readingwordsmostEnglishteacherswouldn'tknowhowtopronounce,letalonemyIndian-bornmother.Whenshepointedoutthemisspelledwords,Iblamedheraccentformyerrors!Whenitwasmyturn,Iapproachedthemicrophoneandwaitedformyfirstword.Theannouncerwassomewheretomyleft,amanwhopronouncedclearly.“Barbican，”hesaid.Itseemedthatmypetitorsweresecretlyplainingabouttherelativeeaseofmyword.WouldtheylaughatmeifIcouldn'tspellit?Wouldmymotherbedisappointedinme?Thatlastsyllablecouldgotwoways:C-A-NorC-O-N.Whichonewasright?FinallyIdecidedonC-O-N.Ofcourse,IwaseliminatedandguidedtothefortRoom,whereparentscouldn'tenter.Inside,recentlosersweresittingaroundatableabundantwithjunkfood.Wecasuallymentionedthewordsthatdefeatedus,likeaspecialceremonytoweleeachnewarrival.Thenwechangedthesubjectifwe'dalreadymovedonfrommissedwordsandlostopportunities.Eventually,Iwentoutandsawmymother.“Well，”shesaid,“I_guess_you_won't_be_doing_this_again.”Yes,nextyearIwouldbe15andnotallowedtotakepartinthepetition.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文為記敘文，主要敘述了“我”14歲時(shí)參加全國英文拼字大賽的經(jīng)歷。)8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph1referto?A．Thedifficultyofthefirstword.B．Thefiercepetition.C．Thenervousnessofthekids.D．Thestrictrules.解析：選C代詞指代題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句可知，參加比賽的孩子都很緊張，所以默默祈禱，千萬別在第一個(gè)單詞就被淘汰；而“我”知道孩子們緊張是因?yàn)椤拔摇痹?7年前有過這樣的經(jīng)歷。據(jù)此可知，it指代孩子們的緊張，故C項(xiàng)正確。9．Theauthorfailedprobablybecause________.A．shewasunabletorelaxB．theannouncerhadanaccentC．herpetitorsdisturbedherD．shedidn'tpractisehardenough解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段前三句“Itseemedthatmypetitorswere...Wouldmymotherbedisappointedinme？”可以判斷，“我”無法放松，心里想得很多，所以影響發(fā)揮而被淘汰。故A項(xiàng)正確。10．WhatdidtheauthordointhefortRoom?A．Shemethermother.B．Shefortednewarrivals.C．Shetalkedwithotherlosers.D．Shewatchedthepetition.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Wecasuallymentionedthewordsthatdefeatedus...Thenwechangedthesubjectifwe'dalreadymovedonfrommissedwordsandlostopportunities.”可知，在thefortRoom里，“我”在和其他淘汰者聊天，故C項(xiàng)正確。11．Whydidtheauthor'smothersaytheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph?A．Shewasdisappointedintheauthor.B．Theauthorwouldbebeyondtheagelimit.C．Shedidn'twanttheauthortosufferagain.D．Theauthorhadnointerestinthepetition.解析：選B句意理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Yes,nextyearIwouldbe15andnotallowedtotakepartinthepetition.”可以判斷，“我”由于超過年齡限制，不能再參賽。D(2018·重慶市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高三第一次聯(lián)考)IfyouarelikemostEnglishlearners,youmaybefamiliarwiththis:Youthinkyouunderstandatopic.Yetwhenaskedtousewhatyouhavelearned,youarenotabletoremembertheinformation.Notbeingabletoretrieve(數(shù)據(jù)檢索)newideascouldhappenonatestoreveninaconversation.SarahLynn,aneducationalconsultantandteacher,thinksEnglishlearnerscanimprovetheirabilitytorememberandusenewwordsbytestingthemselves.Sheaddsthatself-testingimprovesretrieval—theabilitytouseandremembernewwords.Lynnisnottheonlyexpertwhoremendsself-testing.ApaperinJournalofAppliedResearchinMemoryandCognitionsaysonebenefitoftestingpracticeisthatitimprovesretrieval.Retrievinginformationoncemakesretrievingthatinformationeasierinthefuture.Inaddition,thepapersays,whenstudentstestthemselvesaspartofstudying,theylearnwhattheydonotknow.Whenstudentsknowwhattheydonotunderstand,theycanpayattentiontooveringtheirweaknesses.Lynnremendsthatlearnerstestthemselvesbygettingawayfromwhattheyarestudying.Then,theyshouldtestthemselvesbythinkingaboutwhattheyhavelearned.Sheremendsthatlearnersmakethemselveswriteorspeaksomething.Lynnsuggestsreadingsomethingorwatchingavideoonthetopic,thengettingridofthereadingorvideomaterialandsummarizingit.Thiswillallowlearnerstotestwhattheyknow.NexttimeyouarestudyingEnglish,trytotestyourself.Butdonotjustassumethatyoucanreadsomethingonceortwiceandfullyunderstandit.Evenifyouhighlightimportantpointsortakenotesinaclass,youprobablydonotfullyunderstandwhatyoulearned.Afterall,Olympicathletescannotlearnhowtoswimorrunjustfromreadingabook.Theyhavetopracticeswimmingorrunningeverydayforyears.Theyoftenpeteinracestotesttheirskills.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，介紹了SarahLynn提出的自我測試可以提高英語學(xué)習(xí)者記憶和使用新單詞的能力的觀點(diǎn)。12．What'sthemonsituationfacedbyEnglishlearners?A．Theyfailtoeupwithnewideas.B．Theyarenotfamiliarwithacertaintopic.C．Theydon'tlearnaswellastheythink.D．Theydon'tknowhowtoimprovetheirtest-takingskills.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知，英語學(xué)習(xí)者中普遍存在的一個(gè)問題是他們掌握的知識(shí)并沒有自己想象中的那么好。故C項(xiàng)正確。13．WhichistheadvicegivenbyLynnaboutself-testing?A．Recallwhat'slearnedwiththebookclosed.B．Rememberwhat'slearnedbyrepetitivereciting.C．Questionyourteachersonwhatyoudoubtbravely.D．Challengeyourselftolearnfromvideos.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Lynnremendsthatlearnerstestthemselvesbygettingawayfromwhattheyarestudying.”和“Lynnsuggestsreadingsomethingorwatchingavideoonthetopic,thengettingridofthereadingorvideomaterialandsummarizingit.”可知，Lynn建議人們脫離閱讀材料或視頻材料進(jìn)行自我檢測，故A項(xiàng)正確。14．WhyareOlympicathletesmentioned?A．Toshowhowtobesuccessfulathletes.B．Tomakepeopleconfidentoflearning.C．TowarnEnglishlearnersnottobeproud.D．Tostressthesignificanceofpractice.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“Olympicathletescannotlearnhowtoswimorrunjustfromreadingabook.Theyhavetopracticeswimmingorrunning