2024-2025學年下學期高中英語選修一第二單元B卷

第23頁（共23頁）選修一Unit2B卷一．完形填空（共1小題）1．Marsisnot，itseems，thedryoldplanetweoncebelieved（1）.Astronautswhoare（2）togothereinthenextdecademayfindplentyofwaterto（3）theirthirst.Andwithwaterpresent，the（4）offindingsomesortoflifeofMarsare（5）brighter.Thisistheviewoffortygeologistswhohavebeenanalysing（6）ofpicturesandotherscientific（7）obtainedbyrobotexplorersinthesixtiesandseventies.Tobeginwith，scientiststhoughttheredplanetwasas（8）astheMoon（9）duststormsswirlingovervastsandy（10）.Butnowthepictureisvery（11）withmountainsandvalleyscarvedby（12）glaciersandriversrushingandrumblingdeepunderground.InareportontheanalysisoftheMartianpictures，DrMichaelCaroftheUSGeologicalSurveycomments，"Iamconvinced（13）lotsofwateronMars."Anysurfacewaterwillbeinthe（14）ofice.Butitcouldsaveexplorersfrom（15）totakesomuch（16）withthem.Thereportsays（17）Marsprobablyhadawarmerclimateinages（18）duetoitsaxis（軸）havingbeenmoretilted（傾斜）towardsthesun.（19）signsofplantoranimallifehavebeen（20）byinstrumentslandedonMars，thoughthelandingvehicleshavebeensentthereforafewyears.（1）A．itisB．itC．ittobeD．was（2）A．expectedB．hopedC．requiredD．sent（3）A．bringaboutB．getridofC．bringinD．getawaywith（4）A．chancesB．openingsC．occasionsD．possibility（5）A．quiteB．veryC．muchD．more（6）A．a(chǎn)fewB．manyC．thousandD．thousands（7）A．skillsB．newsC．intelligenceD．information（8）A．peacefulB．quietC．lifelessD．dead（9）A．ofB．withC．forD．through（10）A．desertsB．mountainsC．riversD．seas（11）A．difficultB．easyC．sameD．different（12）A．energeticB．greatC．heavyD．powerful（13）A．there'sB．there'reC．here'sD．here're（14）A．a(chǎn)ppearanceB．wayC．formD．shape（15）A．haveB．havingC．carryD．carrying（16）A．waterB．iceC．equipmentD．oxygen（17）A．whatB．ifC．howD．that（18）A．passB．pastC．a(chǎn)goD．before（19）A．NotB．NoC．NorD．Never（20）A．a(chǎn)pprovedB．draggedC．supposedD．detected二．閱讀理解（共2小題）2．Somehospitalsareusingrobotsformedicalassistance.Robotnursesperformavarietyoftaskssuchasdeliveringmedicine，foodandlaboratorysamplestosickroomsandtakingawaywaste.Patientsaren'ttreatedbyrobots，asthisisstilldonebymedicalstaff.Theideaistoemployrobotstotransportsuppliesbetweendepartments."Nursesoftenhavetobreakofffromwhattheyaredoingtogathersupplies，"saysPeterSeiff，whomakestherobotscalledTUGs.Researchshowsanyinterruptioninmedicalworkcanleadtoerrors﹣anursemayforgetwhethershehasgivenmedicineandmaygiveapatientdoublethedoseornoneatall.Therobotsvaryinsizeaccordingtowhatjobtheyperform，butnormallylaketheshapeofametalboxonwheels，withaboxonthesidecontainingtheirsoftware.Afterbeingprogrammed，therobotsareabletofindtheirwayaroundahospitalunassisted.Theyalsocontainscanningtechnologytocreateelectronicpicturesora"memory"ofroutesontheirharddrivestohelpthemgothroughpassages，doorsandotherobstacles.Eachrobotisalsomonitoredattheproducer'sheadquartersincaseitrunsintoanydifficulties.TrialsshowTUGsreducethetimeittakesforapatienttoreceivemedicine，andstopdrugsfromgoingmissing.Totheoverloadedmedicalstaff，thenewrobotsareundoubtedlyaknightinshiningarmour."Thebiggestcomplaintswereceivefrompatientsisthatthenursesdon'tspendenoughtimewiththem，"saysKatherineMulligan，directorofnursingatthehospital."TheTUGsallownursestospendmoretimefocusingonpatientcare.Nursesatisfactionhasimproved."（1）Whatcanwelearnabouttherobotnursesfromthetext？A．Theywillsubstitutehumannursesoneday.B．Theyarenotwellreceivedbythepatientsatall.C．Theystopfunctioningwhentheyrunintoanydifficulties.D．Theyrelievehumannursestospendmoretimewithpatients.（2）Whatdoestheexpression"aknightinshiningarmour"inthelastparagraphmean？A．Someonefullofimagination.B．Someonepopularwithpatients.C．Someonealwaysreadytoofferhelp.D．Someonegraduatingfrommedicalcollege.（3）Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardstherobotnurses？A．Suspicious.B．Enthusiastic.C．Indifferent.D．Cautious.3．Trafficjamsandcities，itseems，gohandinhand.Everyonecomplainsaboutbeingstuckintraffic，but，liketheweather，nooneseemstodoanythingaboutit.Inparticular，trafficengineers，transportationplanners，andpublicofficialsresponsiblefortransportationsystemsinlargecitiesarefrequentlycriticizedforfailingtosolvethetrafficjam.Butisthetrafficjamsignoffailure？Longqueuesatrestaurantsortheaterboxofficesareseenassignsofsuccess.Shouldtransportationsystemsbeviewedanydifferently？Ithinkweshouldrecognizethatthetrafficjamisanunpreventableby﹣product﹣（副產(chǎn)品）ofsuccessfulcities，andviewthe"trafficproblem"inadifferentlight.Citiesexistbecausetheyimprovesocialcommunicationandeconomictrade.Thetrafficjamoccurswheretherearelotsofpeoplebutlimitedspace.Culturallyandeconomicallysuccessfulcitieshavetheworsttrafficproblems，whiledecayingcitiesdon'thavemuchtraffic.NewYorkandLosAngelesareAmerica'smostcrowdedcities.Butifyouwantaccesstomajorbrokeragehouses（經(jīng)紀行），youwillfindthemeasiertoreachincrowdedNewYorkthaninanyotherlargecities.Andifyourcompanyneedsaccesstopost﹣productionfilmeditorsorsatellite﹣guidanceengineers，youwillreachthemmorequicklythroughthecrowdedfreewaysofLAthanthroughlesscrowdedroadselsewhere.Despitethetrafficjam，alargeramountofsocialcommunicationandeconomictradecanbemadebetterinlarge，crowdedcitiesthanelsewhere.Seeninthislight，thetrafficjamisanunfortunateresultofprosperity（繁榮），notacauseoftheeconomicfallandurbandecay.Sowhilewecanconsiderthetrafficjamasincreasingcostintheareasofbigcities，thecostofinaccessibilityinuncrowdedplacesisalmostcertainlygreater.ThereisnodoubtthatthetrafficjambringstheterribleeconomicandenvironmentaldamageinplaceslikeBangkok，Jakarta，andLagos.Butmobility（流動性）isfarhigherandtrafficjamlevelsarefarlowerhereintheUS，eveninourmostcrowdedcities.That'swhy，fornow，wedon'tseepeopleandcapitalstreamingoutofSanFranciscoandChicago，headingforcitieslikeElCentroandMcAllen.（1）Wecanconcludefromthefirstparagraphthat.A．thetrafficjamandweatherarethetwofactorspreventingthedevelopmentofbigcitiesB．thetrafficjamseemstobeverydifficulttodealwithC．iftrafficengineerstrytheirbest，thetrafficjamcanbesolvedD．publicofficialsarealwayscriticizedformisusingtheirpower（2）Bysaying"decaying"（inPara.3），theauthorprobablymeans.A．lesspowerfulandinfluentialB．developingC．richandsuccessfulD．small﹣sized（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph？A．ThetrafficjamhascausedterribleeffectsincitiessuchasBangkokandLagos.B．ThetrafficjaminSanFranciscohasresultedinthecapitalflowingout.C．ThetrafficjamlevelinJakartaislowerthanthatintheUS.D．McAllenisascrowdedandsuccessfulasSanFrancisco.（4）What'stheauthor'sopiniononthetrafficjam？A．Incities，thetrafficjamisavoidable.B．Thetrafficjamisbothasignoffailureandasignofsuccess.C．Thetrafficjamistheresultofsuccessfulcities.D．Thetrafficjamcanpromotesocialcommunicationandeconomictrade.三．信息匹配（共1小題）4．Thefutureinsci﹣fimoviesseemssoclose，yetsofaraway.Delightfully，5Gtechnologymakesthatfuturelookeasilyachievable.Schools，hospitals，transportation，factories﹣evenourhomeswillsoonusethispowerfulwirelessnetwork.Lastyear，Chinastartedtesting5Gmobilenetworksinitsseveralcities.Sowhatis5G？It'sthelatestgenerationofcellular（蜂窩狀的）networktechnology.（1）5G'sbenefitsmainlycomefromspeedandconnectivity（連接）.（2）PeoplewillbeabletousetheInternetatamuchgreaterspeedthanbefore.Imaginebeingabletodownloadanentiremovieinjustafewseconds!That'showfast5Gwillbe.（3）Forexample，oneofthebiggestproblemswithdevelopingdriverlesscarsisthedelaybetweensendingasignalandreceivingit.Driverlesscarsmustbeabletoreactinstantlytosuddenchangesintheirenvironment，suchasadogrunningacrosstheroad.Thiswillrequirethesecarstosendandreceivehugeamountsofdatawithinmilliseconds（毫秒）.（4）Itwillalsoallowdoctorstoperformoperationsremotely，usingrobots.Therobotswillrespondmorequicklytothedoctors'movements.Sowhatabout5G'sconnectivity？（5）.Imaginehavingasmarthomethatautomaticallyturnsthelightsonwhenyouopenyourfrontdoor."Newthingsbecomepossiblewhenyoucanmoveinformationatamassivescale，"GordonSmith，CEOoftelecomequipmentresellerSagent，toldTheTelegraph."5Gbecomesthegreatenabler."A.Wemaydevelop"smart"environmentswithit.B.Suchspeedhelpsothertechnologies，too.C.5Gwillmakethispossible.D.Itconnectspeople'slivesinvariousways.E.Itisfasterandmorestablethan4G，thepreviousgeneration.F.With5G，peoplecanconvenientlysolvemanyproblems.G.Theadvantageofhigherspeedsisobvious.四．語法填空（共1小題）5．Therearemanybeautifultreasuresthatpeoplecanreceivefromnature，（1）（其中有天然染料）.Themostcommonnaturalsource，（2）（天然染料來自），isplants.Materialsformakingnaturaldyes（染料）canoftenbefoundingardens（3）（五彩繽紛的花被種植在那里）.Othernaturaldyesaremadefrominsects，seacreaturesandmineralcompounds.Naturaldyesarenowreturningtopopularity，especiallywithartistsandcraftspeople.Thereasons，（4）（他們更喜歡天然染料的原因），arethatthecolorsarebrighterandcanbekeptlonger.Naturaldyesarealsobecomingmorepopularwithconsumers（5）（對他們來說愛護環(huán)境是極其重要的）.Moreandmorepeoplefeelthatbyusingnaturaldyes，wecanremindourselvesofnature'sbeautyandprotectthenaturalworld.五．單詞拼寫（共5小題）6．Theoldcoupleliveina（偏遠的）village.7．Turnoffatthe（路標）fortheEast71stStreetexit.8．（2020秋?朝陽區(qū)校級期末）Manypeopleexpressedastrong（偏愛）fortheoriginalplan.9．Noonecanpredicthowmuchdamagetheradiation（滲漏）willcausetotheenvironment.10．（2022秋?汶上縣校級月考）Wemayleaveandmovetoanotherplanetinthe（遙遠的）future.六．書面表達（共1小題）11．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。MotherandIspentmorningscleaningupthedirtthatblewintoourhouse.Mothersaidallthedustwasduetothedrought，notonlyhereinourvillagebutalloverthegreatplainsThedirtcoveredeverything.WhenmysisterAmy，andIwalkedtoschool，weworekerchiefs（方頭巾）overourmouthssothatwedidn'tbreatheinthedirt.Whentheairqualitywassobadthattheschoolwasclosed，westayedathomeandhelpedMotherputwetsheetsoverthewindows，butthedirtalwaysfoundawayin.LastSunday，therewasnodirtintheair，onlybrightsunshineandaclearbluesky.Afterbreakfast，F(xiàn)atherheadedouttothefarmtocheckonthecattlewhileMotherstarteddoingsomewashing.AmyandIplayedintheyard.Surprisingly，thetemperaturesuddenlydropped.ThenMothershoutedfromthehouse，"ChristineyouandAmygetinside，quick，now!"Ilookedtowardsthewestandsawahugeblackcloud.Allthebirdsflewaway."Amy，gowithMother！"Ishouted，"I'llwarnFather."Amyrantowardsthehouse.ThestormhitsofastandIbarelysawherclimbthesteps.Inaninstantthedayturnedintonight.Istumbled（絆倒）overourbicyclesleftcarelesslyintheyard.Iscreamed，hopingmyvoicewouldleadFatherback.Thedirtandsandstung（刺痛）myskinlikeathousandbees.Ineededtogettoashelter.Coveringmyfacewithonehand，Imovedtowardsourcarwhichwasparkedintheyardandopenedthedoor.DirtflewinwithmeasIclosedthedoor.Fatherwasstilloutthere！Ineededtohelphimfindthecar.Isearchedthedashboard（儀表板）andfoundtheswitchforthefrontlightsWouldFatherseetheminthedarkness？Washesafe？Ipushedthehorn（喇叭）againandagain，hopingFatherwouldhearit.IpusheduntilIhadnomorestrengthinmyarms.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式作答。Suddenly，F(xiàn)ather'sfaceappearedatthewindow._____Finally，thewindstoppedandthedustbegantosettle.________七．詞匯應(yīng)用（共1小題）12．switchoff，berelevantto，intheabsenceof，keeptrackof，ratherthan，respondto，leadto，keepintouchwith（1）HehashisfriendsusingFacebookinthepasttenyears.（2）Itwasthedriver'scarelessnessthattheaccidentlastnight.（3）Don'tforgettotheradiobeforeyouleave.（4）Historyisthebestteacher.Itfaithfullythedevelopmentpathofeachcountryandforetellsthefuturetous.（5）Extremeweatherismostlikelytoglobalwarming.（6）However，learningEnglishisverydifficultanativelanguageenvironment.

選修一Unit2B卷參考答案與試題解析一．完形填空（共1小題）1．Marsisnot，itseems，thedryoldplanetweoncebelieved（1）C.Astronautswhoare（2）Atogothereinthenextdecademayfindplentyofwaterto（3）Btheirthirst.Andwithwaterpresent，the（4）AoffindingsomesortoflifeofMarsare（5）Cbrighter.Thisistheviewoffortygeologistswhohavebeenanalysing（6）Dofpicturesandotherscientific（7）Dobtainedbyrobotexplorersinthesixtiesandseventies.Tobeginwith，scientiststhoughttheredplanetwasas（8）CastheMoon（9）Bduststormsswirlingovervastsandy（10）A.Butnowthepictureisvery（11）Dwithmountainsandvalleyscarvedby（12）Dglaciersandriversrushingandrumblingdeepunderground.InareportontheanalysisoftheMartianpictures，DrMichaelCaroftheUSGeologicalSurveycomments，"Iamconvinced（13）AlotsofwateronMars."Anysurfacewaterwillbeinthe（14）Cofice.Butitcouldsaveexplorersfrom（15）Dtotakesomuch（16）Awiththem.Thereportsays（17）DMarsprobablyhadawarmerclimateinages（18）Bduetoitsaxis（軸）havingbeenmoretilted（傾斜）towardsthesun.（19）Bsignsofplantoranimallifehavebeen（20）DbyinstrumentslandedonMars，thoughthelandingvehicleshavebeensentthereforafewyears.（1）A．itisB．itC．ittobeD．was（2）A．expectedB．hopedC．requiredD．sent（3）A．bringaboutB．getridofC．bringinD．getawaywith（4）A．chancesB．openingsC．occasionsD．possibility（5）A．quiteB．veryC．muchD．more（6）A．a(chǎn)fewB．manyC．thousandD．thousands（7）A．skillsB．newsC．intelligenceD．information（8）A．peacefulB．quietC．lifelessD．dead（9）A．ofB．withC．forD．through（10）A．desertsB．mountainsC．riversD．seas（11）A．difficultB．easyC．sameD．different（12）A．energeticB．greatC．heavyD．powerful（13）A．there'sB．there'reC．here'sD．here're（14）A．a(chǎn)ppearanceB．wayC．formD．shape（15）A．haveB．havingC．carryD．carrying（16）A．waterB．iceC．equipmentD．oxygen（17）A．whatB．ifC．howD．that（18）A．passB．pastC．a(chǎn)goD．before（19）A．NotB．NoC．NorD．Never（20）A．a(chǎn)pprovedB．draggedC．supposedD．detected【答案】（1）﹣（5）CABAC（6）﹣（10）DDCBA（11）﹣（15）DDACD（16）﹣（20）ADBBD【分析】本文是一篇科普知識類說明文。文章講述了科學家研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，火星有望發(fā)現(xiàn)新生命的存在?！窘獯稹浚?）C.考查固定用法及語境理解。A.itis它是；B.it它；C.ittobe它將是；D.was是。根據(jù)新的資料顯示，火星似乎并不像我們過去認為的那么干燥。it代替前面的專有名詞Mars；tobe為不定式的省略，其后面省略了dry。故答案為C。（2）A.考查動詞及語境理解。A.expected期望；B.hoped希望；C.required要求；D.sent發(fā)送。預計在未來十年內(nèi)前往那里的宇航員可能會找到充足的水來解渴。expectsbtodosth表示"期待某人做某事"。這里用其被動形式：sbbeexpectedtodosth表示"某人被期待做某事"。故答案為A。（3）B.考查動詞短語及語境理解。A.bringabout帶來；B.getridof去除；C.bringin引入，采用；D.getawaywith（做壞事）不受懲罰。預計在未來十年內(nèi)前往那里的宇航員可能會找到充足的水來解渴。故答案為B。（4）A.考查名詞及語境理解。A.chances機會；B.openings開端；C.occasions場合；D.possibility可能性。隨著水的出現(xiàn)，在火星上面找到某種生命的機會就變得更加明朗了。故答案為A。（5）C.考查副詞及語境理解。A.quite相當，十分；B.very非常；C.much許多；D.more更多。隨著水的出現(xiàn)，在火星上面找到某種生命的機會就變得更加明朗了此處的much用來修飾比較級，其他選項都不能修飾比較級，但quitebetter除外。故答案為C。（6）D.考查固定短語及語境理解。A.afew一些；B.many許多；C.thousand千；D.thousands成千的。thousandsof用復數(shù)形式表示不確定的數(shù)字，意為"數(shù)以千計的"，后接復數(shù)名詞；afewof后接"限定詞+復數(shù)名詞"，意為"某（固定）范圍內(nèi)的一些"；manyof后接"限定詞+復數(shù)名詞"，意為"某（固定）范圍內(nèi)的許多"。故答案為D。（7）D.考查名詞及語境理解。A.skills技巧；B.news新聞；C.intelligence智力；D.information信息。根據(jù)前文Thisistheviewoffortygeologistswhohavebeenanalysingofpictures可知，在六七十年代，機器人探測到的其他科學信息。故答案為D。（8）C.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.peaceful和平的；B.quiet安靜的；C.lifeless無生命的；D.dead死的。剛開始的時候，科學家們認為這顆紅色的行星像月球一樣沒有生命。故答案為C。（9）B.考查介詞及語境理解。A.of……的；B.with和；C.for為了；D.through通過。此處為"with+名詞/代詞+不定式/分詞/形容詞/副詞/介詞短語等"構(gòu)成的復合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語。故答案為B。（10）A.考查名詞及語境理解。A.deserts沙漠；B.mountains高山；C.rivers河流；D.seas大海。根據(jù)前文duststormsswirlingovervastsandy可知，塵暴在廣袤的沙漠（desert）上旋轉(zhuǎn)。故答案為A。（11）D.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.difficult困難的；B.easy容易的；C.same同樣的；D.different不同的。根據(jù)前文Butnow可知，現(xiàn)在的圖畫與原來非常不一樣了。故答案為D。（12）D.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.energetic精力充沛的；B.great偉大的；C.heavy沉的；D.powerful強大的。這里用powerful形容冰河對山谷沖刷的威力巨大。故答案為D。（13）A.考查固定用法及語境理解。A.there's那有；B.there're那有；C.here's這是；D.here're這是。此句用的是"therebe"結(jié)構(gòu)，其后面的名詞water為不可數(shù)名詞，故謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。故答案為A。（14）C.考查名詞及語境理解。A.appearance出現(xiàn)；B.way道路，方式；C.form形式；D.shape形狀。詞組intheformof意為"以……的形式"。此句意思是"任何表面上的水將以冰的形式存在"。故答案為C。（15）D.考查動詞及語境理解。A.have有；B.having有；C.carry攜帶；D.carrying攜帶。水的存在使探險者們不用隨身攜帶大量的水。from為介詞，后面接動詞﹣ing形式。故答案為D。（16）A.考查名詞及語境理解。A.water水；B.ice冰；C.equipment設(shè)備；D.oxygen氧氣。根據(jù)前文lotsofwateronMars可知，水的存在使探險者們不用隨身攜帶大量的水。故答案為A。（17）D.考查連詞及語境理解。A.what什么；B.if是否；C.how如何；D.that無詞義。報告說由于火星的軸在過去的歲月中更傾斜于太陽，那時火星的氣候可能比現(xiàn)在暖和。此處that引導一個賓語從句，其本身在賓語從句中不充當任何成分，也沒有任何意義，僅起連接的作用。故答案為D。（18）B.考查動詞/副詞及語境理解。A.pass通過；B.past過去的；C.ago以前；D.before在……之前。報告說由于火星的軸在過去的歲月中更傾斜于太陽，那時火星的氣候可能比現(xiàn)在暖和。inagespast表示"在過去的歲月中"。故答案為B。（19）B.考查形容詞/副詞及語境理解。A.Not不；B.No沒有；C.Nor也不；D.Never絕不。登陸火星的儀器沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)植物或動物生命的跡象，盡管登陸飛行器已經(jīng)被派往火星好幾年了。no為形容詞，等于"nota/notany"，表示"沒有"，后接名詞。故答案為B。（20）D.考查動詞及語境理解。A.approved贊成；B.dragged拖拉；C.supposed假定，假設(shè)；D.detected探測。登陸火星的儀器沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)植物或動物生命的跡象，盡管登陸飛行器已經(jīng)被派往火星好幾年了。故答案為D?！军c評】完形填空考查學生綜合運用語言的能力。做題時，要先通讀全文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合選項，仔細閱讀文章，選擇最適合語境的詞，注意上下文的呼應(yīng)及語境。二．閱讀理解（共2小題）2．Somehospitalsareusingrobotsformedicalassistance.Robotnursesperformavarietyoftaskssuchasdeliveringmedicine，foodandlaboratorysamplestosickroomsandtakingawaywaste.Patientsaren'ttreatedbyrobots，asthisisstilldonebymedicalstaff.Theideaistoemployrobotstotransportsuppliesbetweendepartments."Nursesoftenhavetobreakofffromwhattheyaredoingtogathersupplies，"saysPeterSeiff，whomakestherobotscalledTUGs.Researchshowsanyinterruptioninmedicalworkcanleadtoerrors﹣anursemayforgetwhethershehasgivenmedicineandmaygiveapatientdoublethedoseornoneatall.Therobotsvaryinsizeaccordingtowhatjobtheyperform，butnormallylaketheshapeofametalboxonwheels，withaboxonthesidecontainingtheirsoftware.Afterbeingprogrammed，therobotsareabletofindtheirwayaroundahospitalunassisted.Theyalsocontainscanningtechnologytocreateelectronicpicturesora"memory"ofroutesontheirharddrivestohelpthemgothroughpassages，doorsandotherobstacles.Eachrobotisalsomonitoredattheproducer'sheadquartersincaseitrunsintoanydifficulties.TrialsshowTUGsreducethetimeittakesforapatienttoreceivemedicine，andstopdrugsfromgoingmissing.Totheoverloadedmedicalstaff，thenewrobotsareundoubtedlyaknightinshiningarmour."Thebiggestcomplaintswereceivefrompatientsisthatthenursesdon'tspendenoughtimewiththem，"saysKatherineMulligan，directorofnursingatthehospital."TheTUGsallownursestospendmoretimefocusingonpatientcare.Nursesatisfactionhasimproved."（1）Whatcanwelearnabouttherobotnursesfromthetext？DA．Theywillsubstitutehumannursesoneday.B．Theyarenotwellreceivedbythepatientsatall.C．Theystopfunctioningwhentheyrunintoanydifficulties.D．Theyrelievehumannursestospendmoretimewithpatients.（2）Whatdoestheexpression"aknightinshiningarmour"inthelastparagraphmean？CA．Someonefullofimagination.B．Someonepopularwithpatients.C．Someonealwaysreadytoofferhelp.D．Someonegraduatingfrommedicalcollege.（3）Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardstherobotnurses？BA．Suspicious.B．Enthusiastic.C．Indifferent.D．Cautious.【答案】DCB【分析】本文為說明文。作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了實驗表明"機器人護士"表現(xiàn)良好，大大減低了病人對于護士沒有足夠時間照顧他們的不滿?！窘獯稹浚?）D．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Somehospitalsareusingrobotsformedicalassistance.Robotnursesperformavarietyoftaskssuchasdeliveringmedicine，foodandlaboratorysamplestosickroomsandtakingawaywaste.Patientsaren'ttreatedbyrobots，asthisisstilldonebymedicalstaff.Theideaistoemployrobotstotransportsuppliesbetweendepartments.（一些醫(yī)院正在使用機器人進行醫(yī)療救助。機器人護士執(zhí)行各種任務(wù)，如將藥品、食品和實驗室樣品送到病房，并帶走廢物。病人不是由機器人治療的，因為這仍然是由醫(yī)務(wù)人員完成的。這個想法是利用機器人在部門之間運輸物資。）可知機器人護士減輕了人類護士的工作，可以和患者相處更長的時間。故選D。（2）C．推理判斷題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句子Totheoverloadedmedicalstaff，thenewrobotsareundoubtedlyaknightinshiningarmour."（對于超負荷的醫(yī)護人員來說，這些新機器人無疑是一位身穿閃亮盔甲的騎士。"）可知，"aknightinshiningarmour"意為"愿意幫忙的人"。A.Someonefullofimagination充滿想象的人；B.Someonepopularwithpatients受病人歡迎的人；C.Someonealwaysreadytoofferhelp樂于提供幫助的人；D.Someonegraduatingfrommedicalcollege畢業(yè)于醫(yī)學院的人。故選C。（3）B．觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段TheTUGsallownursestospendmoretimefocusingonpatientcare.Nursesatisfactionhasimproved（TUGs讓護士們有更多的時間專注于患者護理。護士滿意度有所提高）可知作者對機器人護士的態(tài)度是有熱情的。A.Suspicious懷疑的；B.Enthusiastic有熱情的；C.Indifferent不以為然的；D.Cautious謹慎的。故選B?！军c評】做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。做題時要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。3．Trafficjamsandcities，itseems，gohandinhand.Everyonecomplainsaboutbeingstuckintraffic，but，liketheweather，nooneseemstodoanythingaboutit.Inparticular，trafficengineers，transportationplanners，andpublicofficialsresponsiblefortransportationsystemsinlargecitiesarefrequentlycriticizedforfailingtosolvethetrafficjam.Butisthetrafficjamsignoffailure？Longqueuesatrestaurantsortheaterboxofficesareseenassignsofsuccess.Shouldtransportationsystemsbeviewedanydifferently？Ithinkweshouldrecognizethatthetrafficjamisanunpreventableby﹣product﹣（副產(chǎn)品）ofsuccessfulcities，andviewthe"trafficproblem"inadifferentlight.Citiesexistbecausetheyimprovesocialcommunicationandeconomictrade.Thetrafficjamoccurswheretherearelotsofpeoplebutlimitedspace.Culturallyandeconomicallysuccessfulcitieshavetheworsttrafficproblems，whiledecayingcitiesdon'thavemuchtraffic.NewYorkandLosAngelesareAmerica'smostcrowdedcities.Butifyouwantaccesstomajorbrokeragehouses（經(jīng)紀行），youwillfindthemeasiertoreachincrowdedNewYorkthaninanyotherlargecities.Andifyourcompanyneedsaccesstopost﹣productionfilmeditorsorsatellite﹣guidanceengineers，youwillreachthemmorequicklythroughthecrowdedfreewaysofLAthanthroughlesscrowdedroadselsewhere.Despitethetrafficjam，alargeramountofsocialcommunicationandeconomictradecanbemadebetterinlarge，crowdedcitiesthanelsewhere.Seeninthislight，thetrafficjamisanunfortunateresultofprosperity（繁榮），notacauseoftheeconomicfallandurbandecay.Sowhilewecanconsiderthetrafficjamasincreasingcostintheareasofbigcities，thecostofinaccessibilityinuncrowdedplacesisalmostcertainlygreater.ThereisnodoubtthatthetrafficjambringstheterribleeconomicandenvironmentaldamageinplaceslikeBangkok，Jakarta，andLagos.Butmobility（流動性）isfarhigherandtrafficjamlevelsarefarlowerhereintheUS，eveninourmostcrowdedcities.That'swhy，fornow，wedon'tseepeopleandcapitalstreamingoutofSanFranciscoandChicago，headingforcitieslikeElCentroandMcAllen.（1）WecanconcludefromthefirstparagraphthatB.A．thetrafficjamandweatherarethetwofactorspreventingthedevelopmentofbigcitiesB．thetrafficjamseemstobeverydifficulttodealwithC．iftrafficengineerstrytheirbest，thetrafficjamcanbesolvedD．publicofficialsarealwayscriticizedformisusingtheirpower（2）Bysaying"decaying"（inPara.3），theauthorprobablymeansA.A．lesspowerfulandinfluentialB．developingC．richandsuccessfulD．small﹣sized（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph？AA．ThetrafficjamhascausedterribleeffectsincitiessuchasBangkokandLagos.B．ThetrafficjaminSanFranciscohasresultedinthecapitalflowingout.C．ThetrafficjamlevelinJakartaislowerthanthatintheUS.D．McAllenisascrowdedandsuccessfulasSanFrancisco.（4）What'stheauthor'sopiniononthetrafficjam？CA．Incities，thetrafficjamisavoidable.B．Thetrafficjamisbothasignoffailureandasignofsuccess.C．Thetrafficjamistheresultofsuccessfulcities.D．Thetrafficjamcanpromotesocialcommunicationandeconomictrade.【答案】BAAC【分析】本文是一篇社會文化類閱讀，文章主要介紹了交通阻塞與城市的發(fā)展密不可分，是城市成功發(fā)展不可遏止的副產(chǎn)品。而且交通堵塞給很多地方帶來了嚴重的經(jīng)濟和環(huán)境的破壞?！窘獯稹浚?）B．推理判斷題。文章第一段"Trafficjamsandcities，itseems，gohandinhand.Everyonecomplainsaboutbeingstuckintraffic，but，liketheweather，nooneseemstodoanythingaboutit.Inparticular，trafficengineers，transportationplanners，andpublicofficialsresponsiblefortransportationsystemsinlargecitiesarefrequentlycriticizedforfailingtosolvethetrafficjam.交通堵塞和城市似乎是密不可分的。每個人都抱怨交通堵塞，但是，就像天氣一樣，似乎沒人對此做點什么。特別是，交通工程師，交通規(guī)劃者，以及負責大城市交通系統(tǒng)的政府官員，經(jīng)常因為未能解決交通堵塞而受到批評。"主要講了交通擁堵的現(xiàn)狀，及人們對交通擁堵難以解決的抱怨。由此推斷，交通堵塞似乎很難處理。故選B．（2）A.猜測詞義題。由該詞所在句子"Culturallyandeconomicallysuccessfulcitieshavetheworsttrafficproblems，whiledecayingcitiesdon'thavemuchtraffic.在文化和經(jīng)濟上成功的城市交通問題最嚴重，而衰退的城市交通不多。"中的while（而，卻）表對比可知，decay的意思應(yīng)與successful相對。A.lesspowerfulandinfluential權(quán)力和影響力較?。籅.developing發(fā)展；C.richandsuccessful富有而成功；D.small﹣sized小型。故選A．（3）A．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段ThereisnodoubtthattrafficjambringstheterribleeconomicandenvironmentaldamageinplaceslikeBangkok，Jakarta，andLagos.毫無疑問，交通堵塞給曼谷、雅加達、拉各斯等地帶來了嚴重的經(jīng)濟和環(huán)境破壞。結(jié)合選項，A項：TrafficjamhascausedterriblebadeffectsincitiessuchasBangkokandLagos.交通堵塞在曼谷和拉各斯等城市造成了嚴重的不良影響；符合最后一段的內(nèi)容。故選A．（4）C．觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第二段Ithinkweshouldrecognizethattrafficjamisanunpreventableby﹣productofsuccessfulcities，andviewthe"trafficproblem"inadifferentlight.我認為我們應(yīng)該認識到交通堵塞是成功城市無法避免的副產(chǎn)品，并從另一個角度看待"交通問題"?？芍煌ǘ氯浅晒Φ某鞘胁豢杀苊獾母碑a(chǎn)品。由此可知，作者對交通擁堵的看法是它是成功城市的結(jié)果。故選C．【點評】1．直接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項在語言表達上與原文基本一致的題目。2．間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達上與原文有差異，做題時需要對原文信息進行轉(zhuǎn)換。3．綜合信息題：綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章取義。三．信息匹配（共1小題）4．Thefutureinsci﹣fimoviesseemssoclose，yetsofaraway.Delightfully，5Gtechnologymakesthatfuturelookeasilyachievable.Schools，hospitals，transportation，factories﹣evenourhomeswillsoonusethispowerfulwirelessnetwork.Lastyear，Chinastartedtesting5Gmobilenetworksinitsseveralcities.Sowhatis5G？It'sthelatestgenerationofcellular（蜂窩狀的）networktechnology.（1）E5G'sbenefitsmainlycomefromspeedandconnectivity（連接）.（2）GPeoplewillbeabletousetheInternetatamuchgreaterspeedthanbefore.Imaginebeingabletodownloadanentiremovieinjustafewseconds!That'showfast5Gwillbe.（3）FForexample，oneofthebiggestproblemswithdevelopingdr