2025年大學英語四級考試考前點題卷一

2025年大學英語四級考試考前點題卷一[問答題]1.TheImportanceofSettingGoalsinLife正確答案：詳見解析參考解析：高分范文TheImportance（江南博哥）ofSettingGoalsinLifeSettinggoalsinourlifeislikehavingamapthattellsusthedirection.Whengoalsareset，wewon'twasteourtimegoingaroundincirclesorarrivingnowhereontheroadofourlife.Firstly，goalsprovideuswithdirections.Havingagoal，wecanknowwhatwewant，focusourmindonthetarget，andwewon'twasteourtimeandenergyonirrelevantthings.Secondly，goalskeepusmotivatedandgiveusanimmenseincentivetomoveforward.Inaddition，settinggoalsisthefirststeptosuccess.Ithelpsformulateactionplansandimplementthestepsweneedtotake.Weneedtosetshort-termgoalsatdifferentstagesinordertoachieveourlifelongambition.Toconclude，withafirmgoal，wewillhaveabetterchancetogetwhatwewant，andourlifecanreallybecomemeaningful.共享題干題Bullyingisadistinctivepatternofharmingandhumiliatingothers.Thosewhoareinsomewaysmaller,weaker，youngerormore26_____thanthebullyoftenfallvictims.Bullyingisnotcommonaggression;itisadeliberateandrepeated27_____tocauseharmtoothersoflesserpower.Bulliesaremade，notborn，andithappensatanearlyage，ifthe28_____aggressionof2-year-oldsisn'thandledwell.Manystudiesshowthatbullieslackpro-socialbehavior，are29_____byanxiety，anddonotfeelempathyforothers'situations.Thosewhochronicallybullyhavestrainedrelationshipswithparentsandpeers.Bulliescouldn'texistwithoutvictims，andtheydon'tpickonjustanyone—those30_____outlackassertivenessandradiatefearlongbeforetheyeverencounterabully.Thepsychologicaldifficultiesvictimsexperiencedinchildhoodandadolescencemayproducenegative31_____wellintoadulthood.Unfortunately,parents，teachers，andotheradultsarenot32_____awareofhowwidespreadbullyingisandhowdamagingitcanbetopsychologicalhealth.Increasingly，childrenaregrowingupwithoutthekindsofexperiencesthatleadtothedevelopmentofsocialskills，andfreeplayhasbeenin33_____.Yet，it'sinplayingwithpeers，withoutadultmonitoring，thatchildren34_____theskillsthatmakethemweU-likedbyage-matesandlearnhowtosolvesocialproblems.Butchildrenlearnalotabout35_____theirsocialworldsbyseekingguidancefromtheirparents，sodiscussingwithyourchildrennormsandvaluesdoesmatter.[單選題]1.空白處26.應填A.acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable正確答案：O參考解析：空格位于連詞or之后，與之并列的smaller、weaker和younger均為形容詞，因此，空格處應填入形容詞且感情色彩應與前面幾個單詞一致，故選O）vulnerable“脆弱的，易受……傷害的”。[單選題]2.空白處27.應填A.acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable正確答案：C參考解析：空格位于不定冠詞和形容詞之后，應填入可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式。上文提到，“霸凌是一種傷害和羞辱他人的獨特形式”，而空格所在句提到“霸凌不是一般的攻擊性行為，而是故意的、反復的對弱小者造成傷害的____?！币虼丝赏茢鄳钊隒）attempt“試圖，嘗試”，attempt作名詞時可數(shù)。備選項中的J）preferences“偏愛的事物，喜愛的東西”雖然句意上說得通，但它是名詞復數(shù)形式，不能和不定冠詞a搭配，故排除。[單選題]3.空白處28.應填A.acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable正確答案：H參考解析：空格位于定冠詞和名詞之間，應填入形容詞作定語。上文提到，“霸凌不是一般的攻擊性行為”，if引導的從句假設“兩歲孩子的____攻擊行為得不到妥善處理”，就會出現(xiàn)主句中交代的“小小年紀就會出現(xiàn)霸凌行為”，推測得知這時的攻擊行為應該屬于程度比較輕的、比較常見的行為，對應上文的common，因此填入H)normal“一般的，正常的”。備選項中的F)indifferent作“冷淡的”講時，一般用來修飾人而非行為；作“一般的”講時，指的是質(zhì)量、技藝方面一般，不符合此處語境，故排除。[單選題]4.空白處29.應填A.acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable正確答案：N參考解析：空格位于系動詞和介詞by之間，應填入形容詞或動詞的過去分詞作表語。空格前后的并列結(jié)構(gòu)中出現(xiàn)了lackpro-socialbehavior“缺乏親社會行為”和donotfeelempathy“缺乏同理心”這樣的表達，要保持感情色彩一致，故應填入N)untroubled“不受影響的，不為所動的”，表示霸凌者不會受焦慮影響。備選項中的F)indifferent作“冷淡的”講時，一般搭配介詞to，故排除。[單選題]5.空白處30.應填A.acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable正確答案：L參考解析：空格位于主語those之后，本來應該是謂語動詞，但空格后已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了動詞lack和radiate充當謂語，故推測空格處極有可能是后置定語來修飾主語those且能和out搭配，應填入形容詞或過去分詞。破折號前面提到“霸凌者并不是隨便挑選受害者的”，破折號后的句子解釋說明了受害者的特點，由此可知，空格處指的是“被挑選出來的”，修飾代指“受害者”的those，故選L）singled，動詞短語singleout意為“挑出，選出”，singledout為過去分詞短語作后置定語。[單選題]6.空白處31.應填A.acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable正確答案：I參考解析：空格前為謂語動詞produce和形容詞negative，因此空格應填入名詞作produce的賓語，而且前面無不定冠詞，故應填入可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。空格所在句提到受害者在兒童和青少年時期經(jīng)歷的心理困難會在他們成年時期產(chǎn)生負面____，可推知這些經(jīng)歷對他們造成了負面影響，故應填入I）outcomes“后果，結(jié)果”，negativeoutcomes表示“消極的后果”。[單選題]7.空白處32.應填A.acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable正確答案：M參考解析：空格所在句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，因此應填入副詞修飾謂語動詞或整句話。上文提到霸凌會對受害者造成不良影響，本句以unfortunately“不幸的是”開頭，由此可知霸凌行為并沒有得到社會各方的充分認識，故填入M)sufficiently“充分地，足夠地”。B）alarmingly“驚人地，值得警惕地”一般放在消極意義的形容詞前面作程度副詞，不符合此處語境，故排除。[單選題]8.空白處33.應填A.acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable正確答案：D參考解析：空格所在句子已有主語和系動詞部分freeplayhasbeen，空格前面又出現(xiàn)了介詞，因此應填入名詞，和介詞in一起構(gòu)成介詞短語作表語。空格前一個并列分句提到“越來越多的孩子缺乏可以培養(yǎng)社交技能的各類體驗”，空格后的句子又強調(diào)了讓孩子自由玩耍的重要性，由此推測，自由玩耍是越來越少的，indecline意為“下降”，故選D）decline“減少，下降”。[單選題]9.空白處34.應填A.acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable正確答案：A參考解析：空格所在句是強調(diào)句型，把it's和that去掉后，會發(fā)現(xiàn)句子已經(jīng)有了主語children和賓語skills以及修飾賓語的定語從句thatmakethemwell-likedbyage-mates，因此空格處只能填入動詞作謂語，且能和后面的動詞原形learn一起構(gòu)成并列謂語，故選和learn“學習”意義相近的A)acquire“掌握，獲得”。[單選題]10.空白處35.應填A.acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable正確答案：G參考解析：空格位于介詞about和名詞結(jié)構(gòu)theirsocialworlds之間，應填入動詞的-ing形式構(gòu)成動名詞詞組作介詞賓語，備選項中只剩G）navigating和K)restraining。K)restraining“控制，阻止”一般指的是控制情緒或者抑制某種結(jié)果的產(chǎn)生，搭配socialworlds“社交圈”說不通，故排除。G)navigating“駕馭，成功應對”符合此處語境，故為答案。(A)AmongtheboutiquesinthecanaldistrictofAmsterdamisashoeshop，calledW-21，thathasaselectionofstylishfootwearinthewindow.Aselectgroupofcustomerswererecentlyinvitedtheretohavetheirfeetscannedbyalaser，andthentospend30secondswalkingonamodifiedtreadmillinaspecialpairofshoesstuffedwithaccelerometers，pressuregauges，thermometersandhygrometers.Allthisgeneratedawealthofdata，whichwasdisplayedonalargescreenalongwithamodelofhowthewalker'sfeetweremoving.(B)Fromthesedataanalgorithmdeterminedtheidealsolesforthecustomer'sshoes.Upstairs，acoupleof3Dprintersbeganhummingawaytomakethosesoles.Inabouttwohourstheywerereadytobefittedtoanewpairofshoes，uniquelytailoredtoeachperson'sfeet.(C)Somelevelofcustomisationisnothingnewforbuyersofapparel.Butthereisabigdifferencebetweenclothes，whicharerelativelystraightforwardtotailorandalter，andshoes，whicharesolidandcomposedoflotsofmaterialsthatrequiredifferentskillsandspecialequipmenttoproduce.Itispossibletoacquireorthopaedicandspecialistshoes，suchasskiboots，inwhichthesoleshavebeenshapedtosuitanindividual'sfeet.Completelytailor-madeshoesarealsoavailableifyouhavedeeppocketsandarepatient.Atthetopendofthemarket，JohnLobb，aLondonbootmakerestablishedin1866，willhappilyhand-stitchyouapairofOxfordbrogues(粗革厚底皮鞋)shapedaroundeverydimpleandbumpinyourfeet，buttheywillcost￡4,000($5,500)andmaytakesixmonthstodeliver.WhatwasgoingoninAmsterdamwasanexperimentbyECCO，alargeDanishshoebrandthatownsW-21，tobringbespokeshoemakingtothemass-markethighstreet.(D)Lobb，andfirmslikeit，makeshoesusingpatternscalledlasts.Thesearesolidblocksofwoodcarvedpreciselyintotheshapeofacustomer'sfeet.Thetimeandlabourrequiredtocreatetheselastsexplainthecostandtardinessofthefinishedproduct.ThoughECCOstillusesshoesmadeinstandardsizes，atleastfornow，itcustomisesthemidsole.Thisisthepartofashoethatfitsbetweentheoutsole(thebottomoftheshoethatcomesintocontactwiththeground)andtheinsole(onwhichthefootrests).Themidsoleisthefunctionalheartofashoe，saysPatrizioCarlucci，theheadofECCO'sInnovationLab，whichisinchargeoftheproject.Onthebasisofthelaserscans，ofdatafromtheshoesensorsandtreadmilltests，andofinformationaboutthecustomer(someonewhostandsaroundalotmayrequireasofterfeelthandoesanotherwhowalkseverywhere)，individualisedleftandrightmidsolesareengineeredtosuitthepersonconcerned.(E)Oncethemidsoledesignsarecomplete，thecomputerfiledescribingthemistransferredtothe3Dprinters.ThesearemadebyafirmcalledGermanRepRapandareadaptedtoprintatypeofsiliconedevelopedbytheDowChemicalCompanyforthispurpose.Theprintersbuildlayersofsiliconeintohundredsofcloselypackedcells.Theshapeandsizeofeachcellvariesthroughoutthemidsole，toprovidetherequireddistributionofsupport.Whencomplete，themidsolesareinsertedintoapairofshoeschosenbythecustomer.(F)Furthertrialsoftheproductionsystem，whichECCOcallsQuant-U，willbeheldinW-21laterthisyearandatotherstoresaroundtheworldasthecompanycontinuestodeveloptheprocessandtakeaccountoffeedbackfromcustomerswhotakepart.Atthemoment，ECCOischargingapremiumofaround￡100($120)orsoontopofthepriceoftheshoesforthebespokesole-designingservice.Ifallgoeswell,Quant-Ucouldbeintroducedinsomestoresforwalk-incustomers.G)Othershoemakersarealsotryingnewproductiontechniques.BignamessuchasNikeandAdidasareprintingsomeofthecomponentsthatgointotheirhigh-endtrainers，althoughindividualcustomisationhaslargelybeenlimitedtomakingrunningshoesfortopathletes.(H)Smallerconcerns，too，areshowinganinterestinbespokeautomation.InMilanAndreaandFrancescoCarpineti，andtheircolleagueMicheleLuconi，aretryingtoblendthenewwiththeold.Theirstartup,DesignItalianShoes(DIS)，providesshoeshopswithadevicetheycalltheTotemTouchScreen.Customersplacetheirfeetinthebottomofthisdevicetohavethemscanned.Theythenuseatouchscreentoselectastyleoftheshoesandtocustomiseit，fromcolourstomaterials，typesofthesolesandeventheeyeletsandlaces.Some50mcombinationsareavailable.Personalmonograms(交織字母)andinscriptionscanbeadded.(I)Insteadofsendingthedesigntoa3D-printer，DISpassesittoagroupofartisanshoemakersinthe"shoesvalley"ofLeMarche，aregionineasternItalythatisfamousforitscobblers(鞋匠).Whichcraftsmanapairofshoesisassignedtodependsonthestyletobemade，foreachhashisspecificareasofexpertise.Hewillthenmaketheshoesbyhand，usingapairofexistinglaststhataretheclosestmatchavailabletothedatafromtheTotem.TheCarpinetibrothersclaimthatthefirmcan，inthisway，rustleupapairofhandmadeOxfordsinaslittleastendays，forabout￡360—lessthanatenthofLobb'sprice.Thecompanyhopestooffercompletelybespokesizeseventually，usingfeetscanstocreatedigitallasts，whichwouldgeneratepatternsforleatherandothercomponentsofashoe.(J)Thecompanydecidedtoadoptthismarriageofhigh-techandlow-tech，saysAndreaCarpineti，tohelppreserveshoemakingjobsinLeMarche.Sofar，15shoeshopsinEuropehaveTotemsinstalled，andheexpectsthedevicestobeinseveralhundredstoresinChinasoon.Onewayoranother，then，shoemakersarestridingtowardsabespokefuture.[單選題]11.Youneedtospendalargeamountofmoneyandwaitforalongtimetogetapairofhand-stitchedOxfordbroguesfromJohnLobb.A.A)B.B)C.C)D.D)E.E)F.F)GG)HH)II)JJ)正確答案：C參考解析：由題干中的hand-stitched、Oxfordbrogues和JohnLobb定位到原文C）段第五句。定位句提到，在高端市場，一家成立于1866年的倫敦鞋店約翰·洛布，將很樂意為你手工縫制一雙貼合雙腳的牛津布洛克鞋，但這雙鞋的價格是4，000英鎊（5，500美元），并且可能要等六個月才能交貨。由此可知，你需要花費一大筆錢并且等待很長的時間才能從約翰·洛布鞋店得到一雙手工縫制的牛津布洛克鞋。題干中的spendalargeamountofmoney和waitforalongtime分別對應原文中的cost￡4，000($5，500)和takesixmonths；題干中的get是原文中deliver的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故C）為答案。costandtardinessofthefinishedproduct.ThoughECCOstillusesshoesmadeinstandardsizes，atleastfornow，itcustomisesthemidsole.Thisisthepartofashoethatfitsbetweentheoutsole(thebottomoftheshoethatcomesintocontactwiththeground)andtheinsole(onwhichthefootrests).Themidsoleisthefunctionalheartofashoe，saysPatrizioCarlucci，theheadofECCO'sInnovationLab，whichisinchargeoftheproject.Onthebasisofthelaserscans，ofdatafromtheshoesensorsandtreadmilltests，andofinformationaboutthecustomer(someonewhostandsaroundalotmayrequireasofterfeelthandoesanotherwhowalkseverywhere)，individualisedleftandrightmidsolesareengineeredtosuitthepersonconcerned.(E)Oncethemidsoledesignsarecomplete，thecomputerfiledescribingthemistransferredtothe3Dprinters.ThesearemadebyafirmcalledGermanRepRapandareadaptedtoprintatypeofsiliconedevelopedbytheDowChemicalCompanyforthispurpose.Theprintersbuildlayersofsiliconeintohundredsofcloselypackedcells.Theshapeandsizeofeachcellvariesthroughoutthemidsole，toprovidetherequireddistributionofsupport.Whencomplete，themidsolesareinsertedintoapairofshoeschosenbythecustomer.(F)Furthertrialsoftheproductionsystem，whichECCOcallsQuant-U，willbeheldinW-21laterthisyearandatotherstoresaroundtheworldasthecompanycontinuestodeveloptheprocessandtakeaccountoffeedbackfromcustomerswhotakepart.Atthemoment，ECCOischargingapremiumofaround￡100($120)orsoontopofthepriceoftheshoesforthebespokesole-designingservice.Ifallgoeswell,Quant-Ucouldbeintroducedinsomestoresforwalk-incustomers.G)Othershoemakersarealsotryingnewproductiontechniques.BignamessuchasNikeandAdidasareprintingsomeofthecomponentsthatgointotheirhigh-endtrainers，althoughindividualcustomisationhaslargelybeenlimitedtomakingrunningshoesfortopathletes.(H)Smallerconcerns，too，areshowinganinterestinbespokeautomation.InMilanAndreaandFrancescoCarpineti，andtheircolleagueMicheleLuconi，aretryingtoblendthenewwiththeold.Theirstartup,DesignItalianShoes(DIS)，providesshoeshopswithadevicetheycalltheTotemTouchScreen.Customersplacetheirfeetinthebottomofthisdevicetohavethemscanned.Theythenuseatouchscreentoselectastyleoftheshoesandtocustomiseit，fromcolourstomaterials，typesofthesolesandeventheeyeletsandlaces.Some50mcombinationsareavailable.Personalmonograms(交織字母)andinscriptionscanbeadded.(I)Insteadofsendingthedesigntoa3D-printer，DISpassesittoagroupofartisanshoemakersinthe"shoesvalley"ofLeMarche，aregionineasternItalythatisfamousforitscobblers(鞋匠).Whichcraftsmanapairofshoesisassignedtodependsonthestyletobemade，foreachhashisspecificareasofexpertise.Hewillthenmaketheshoesbyhand，usingapairofexistinglaststhataretheclosestmatchavailabletothedatafromtheTotem.TheCarpinetibrothersclaimthatthefirmcan，inthisway，rustleupapairofhandmadeOxfordsinaslittleastendays，forabout￡360—lessthanatenthofLobb'sprice.Thecompanyhopestooffercompletelybespokesizeseventually，usingfeetscanstocreatedigitallasts，whichwouldgeneratepatternsforleatherandothercomponentsofashoe.(J)Thecompanydecidedtoadoptthismarriageofhigh-techandlow-tech，saysAndreaCarpineti，tohelppreserveshoemakingjobsinLeMarche.Sofar，15shoeshopsinEuropehaveTotemsinstalled，andheexpectsthedevicestobeinseveralhundredstoresinChinasoon.Onewayoranother，then，shoemakersarestridingtowardsabespokefuture.[單選題]12.NikeandAdidasnowoffercustomisedservices，butmainlytotopsportsmen.A.A)B.B)C.C)D.D)E.E)F.F)GG)HH)II)JJ)正確答案：G參考解析：由題干中的NikeandAdidas、customisedservices和topsportsmen定位到原文G）段第二句。定位句提到，像耐克和阿迪達斯這樣的大品牌也在打印一些能安裝在高端運動鞋上的部件，盡管個人定制化服務在很大程度上僅限于為頂級運動員制作跑鞋。由此可知，耐克和阿迪達斯現(xiàn)在也提供定制服務，但主要對象是頂級運動員。題干中的customisedservices是原文中customisation的同義轉(zhuǎn)述；“offer...mainlyto”對應原文中的largelybeenlimitedto;sportsmen是原文中athletes的同義詞，故G)為答案。costandtardinessofthefinishedproduct.ThoughECCOstillusesshoesmadeinstandardsizes，atleastfornow，itcustomisesthemidsole.Thisisthepartofashoethatfitsbetweentheoutsole(thebottomoftheshoethatcomesintocontactwiththeground)andtheinsole(onwhichthefootrests).Themidsoleisthefunctionalheartofashoe，saysPatrizioCarlucci，theheadofECCO'sInnovationLab，whichisinchargeoftheproject.Onthebasisofthelaserscans，ofdatafromtheshoesensorsandtreadmilltests，andofinformationaboutthecustomer(someonewhostandsaroundalotmayrequireasofterfeelthandoesanotherwhowalkseverywhere)，individualisedleftandrightmidsolesareengineeredtosuitthepersonconcerned.(E)Oncethemidsoledesignsarecomplete，thecomputerfiledescribingthemistransferredtothe3Dprinters.ThesearemadebyafirmcalledGermanRepRapandareadaptedtoprintatypeofsiliconedevelopedbytheDowChemicalCompanyforthispurpose.Theprintersbuildlayersofsiliconeintohundredsofcloselypackedcells.Theshapeandsizeofeachcellvariesthroughoutthemidsole，toprovidetherequireddistributionofsupport.Whencomplete，themidsolesareinsertedintoapairofshoeschosenbythecustomer.(F)Furthertrialsoftheproductionsystem，whichECCOcallsQuant-U，willbeheldinW-21laterthisyearandatotherstoresaroundtheworldasthecompanycontinuestodeveloptheprocessandtakeaccountoffeedbackfromcustomerswhotakepart.Atthemoment，ECCOischargingapremiumofaround￡100($120)orsoontopofthepriceoftheshoesforthebespokesole-designingservice.Ifallgoeswell,Quant-Ucouldbeintroducedinsomestoresforwalk-incustomers.G)Othershoemakersarealsotryingnewproductiontechniques.BignamessuchasNikeandAdidasareprintingsomeofthecomponentsthatgointotheirhigh-endtrainers，althoughindividualcustomisationhaslargelybeenlimitedtomakingrunningshoesfortopathletes.(H)Smallerconcerns，too，areshowinganinterestinbespokeautomation.InMilanAndreaandFrancescoCarpineti，andtheircolleagueMicheleLuconi，aretryingtoblendthenewwiththeold.Theirstartup,DesignItalianShoes(DIS)，providesshoeshopswithadevicetheycalltheTotemTouchScreen.Customersplacetheirfeetinthebottomofthisdevicetohavethemscanned.Theythenuseatouchscreentoselectastyleoftheshoesandtocustomiseit，fromcolourstomaterials，typesofthesolesandeventheeyeletsandlaces.Some50mcombinationsareavailable.Personalmonograms(交織字母)andinscriptionscanbeadded.(I)Insteadofsendingthedesigntoa3D-printer，DISpassesittoagroupofartisanshoemakersinthe"shoesvalley"ofLeMarche，aregionineasternItalythatisfamousforitscobblers(鞋匠).Whichcraftsmanapairofshoesisassignedtodependsonthestyletobemade，foreachhashisspecificareasofexpertise.Hewillthenmaketheshoesbyhand，usingapairofexistinglaststhataretheclosestmatchavailabletothedatafromtheTotem.TheCarpinetibrothersclaimthatthefirmcan，inthisway，rustleupapairofhandmadeOxfordsinaslittleastendays，forabout￡360—lessthanatenthofLobb'sprice.Thecompanyhopestooffercompletelybespokesizeseventually，usingfeetscanstocreatedigitallasts，whichwouldgeneratepatternsforleatherandothercomponentsofashoe.(J)Thecompanydecidedtoadoptthismarriageofhigh-techandlow-tech，saysAndreaCarpineti，tohelppreserveshoemakingjobsinLeMarche.Sofar，15shoeshopsinEuropehaveTotemsinstalled，andheexpectsthedevicestobeinseveralhundredstoresinChinasoon.Onewayoranother，then，shoemakersarestridingtowardsabespokefuture.[單選題]13.ECCO'smidsolesaremadebyGermanRepRap3DprinterswiththededicatedsiliconeoftheDowChemicalCompany.A.A)B.B)C.C)D.D)E.E)F.F)GG)HH)II)JJ)正確答案：E參考解析：由題干中的GermanRepRap、silicone和theDowChemicalCompany定位到原文E）段第一、二句。定位句提到，一旦中底的設計完成了，描述它們的電腦文件就會被轉(zhuǎn)至3D打印機上。這些打印機是由一家名為德國RepRap的公司生產(chǎn)的，被改裝用于打印陶氏化學公司為此目的而研發(fā)的一種硅膠。由上文可知，該段在具體介紹ECCO如何制作鞋子，故段首的midsole是指ECCO'smidsoles；定位句第二句句首的these指代上一句中的the3Dprinters，因此題于中的GermanRepRap3Dprinters對應原文中的thesearemadebyafirmcalledGermanRepRap;thededicatedsilicone對應原文中的“siliconedeveloped...forthispurpose”，故E)為答案。costandtardinessofthefinishedproduct.ThoughECCOstillusesshoesmadeinstandardsizes，atleastfornow，itcustomisesthemidsole.Thisisthepartofashoethatfitsbetweentheoutsole(thebottomoftheshoethatcomesintocontactwiththeground)andtheinsole(onwhichthefootrests).Themidsoleisthefunctionalheartofashoe，saysPatrizioCarlucci，theheadofECCO'sInnovationLab，whichisinchargeoftheproject.Onthebasisofthelaserscans，ofdatafromtheshoesensorsandtreadmilltests，andofinformationaboutthecustomer(someonewhostandsaroundalotmayrequireasofterfeelthandoesanotherwhowalkseverywhere)，individualisedleftandrightmidsolesareengineeredtosuitthepersonconcerned.(E)Oncethemidsoledesignsarecomplete，thecomputerfiledescribingthemistransferredtothe3Dprinters.ThesearemadebyafirmcalledGermanRepRapandareadaptedtoprintatypeofsiliconedevelopedbytheDowChemicalCompanyforthispurpose.Theprintersbuildlayersofsiliconeintohundredsofcloselypackedcells.Theshapeandsizeofeachcellvariesthroughoutthemidsole，toprovidetherequireddistributionofsupport.Whencomplete，themidsolesareinsertedintoapairofshoeschosenbythecustomer.(F)Furthertrialsoftheproductionsystem，whichECCOcallsQuant-U，willbeheldinW-21laterthisyearandatotherstoresaroundtheworldasthecompanycontinuestodeveloptheprocessandtakeaccountoffeedbackfromcustomerswhotakepart.Atthemoment，ECCOischargingapremiumofaround￡100($120)orsoontopofthepriceoftheshoesforthebespokesole-designingservice.Ifallgoeswell,Quant-Ucouldbeintroducedinsomestoresforwalk-incustomers.G)Othershoemakersarealsotryingnewproductiontechniques.BignamessuchasNikeandAdidasareprintingsomeofthecomponentsthatgointotheirhigh-endtrainers，althoughindividualcustomisationhaslargelybeenlimitedtomakingrunningshoesfortopathletes.(H)Smallerconcerns，too，areshowinganinterestinbespokeautomation.InMilanAndreaandFrancescoCarpineti，andtheircolleagueMicheleLuconi，aretryingtoblendthenewwiththeold.Theirstartup,DesignItalianShoes(DIS)，providesshoeshopswithadevicetheycalltheTotemTouchScreen.Customersplacetheirfeetinthebottomofthisdevicetohavethemscanned.Theythenuseatouchscreentoselectastyleoftheshoesandtocustomiseit，fromcolourstomaterials，typesofthesolesandeventheeyeletsandlaces.Some50mcombinationsareavailable.Personalmonograms(交織字母)andinscriptionscanbeadded.(I)Insteadofsendingthedesigntoa3D-printer，DISpassesittoagroupofartisanshoemakersinthe"shoesvalley"ofLeMarche，aregionineasternItalythatisfamousforitscobblers(鞋匠).Whichcraftsmanapairofshoesisassignedtodependsonthestyletobemade，foreachhashisspecificareasofexpertise.Hewillthenmaketheshoesbyhand，usingapairofexistinglaststhataretheclosestmatchavailabletothedatafromtheTotem.TheCarpinetibrothersclaimthatthefirmcan，inthisway，rustleupapairofhandmadeOxfordsinaslittleastendays，forabout￡360—lessthanatenthofLobb'sprice.Thecompanyhopestooffercompletelybespokesizeseventually，usingfeetscanstocreatedigitallasts，whichwouldgeneratepatternsforleatherandothercomponentsofashoe.(J)Thecompanydecidedtoadoptthismarriageofhigh-techandlow-tech，saysAndreaCarpineti，tohelppreserveshoemakingjobsinLeMarche.Sofar，15shoeshopsinEuropehaveTotemsinstalled，andheexpectsthedevicestobeinseveralhundredstoresinChinasoon.Onewayoranother，then，shoemakersarestridingtowardsabespokefuture.[單選題]14.ItisfasterandcheapertogetDIS'handmadeOxfordsthanLobb'ssinceitsshoemakersuseexistinglastsinsteadofcreatingnewones.A.A)B.B)C.C)D.D)E.E)F.F)GG)HH)II)JJ)正確答案：I參考解析：由題干中的fasterandcheaper、DIS'handmadeOxfords和existinglasts定位到原文I）段第三、四句。定位句的第一句提到，他會使用一雙現(xiàn)有的鞋楦進行手工制作，這是與圖騰觸摸屏中的數(shù)據(jù)最接近的匹配。由本段前兩句可知，該句句首的he指代DIS的craftsman，即鞋匠，故DIS鞋匠使用的是現(xiàn)有鞋楦而不是制作新鞋楦。緊接著定位句的第二句指出這么做的結(jié)果是，卡爾皮內(nèi)蒂兄弟聲稱，用這種方法，他們的公司能很快做好一雙手工牛津鞋，只用花費短短十天和大約360英鎊——不到洛布牛津鞋價格的十分之一。由上一段可知，theCarpinetibrothers所說的thefirm是指他們的小公司DIS，因此，與洛布的手工牛津鞋相比，顧客能以更快的速度和更便宜的價格獲得DIS的手工牛津鞋。題干中的faster和cheaper分別對應原文中的aslittleastendays和about￡360，故I）為答案。costandtardinessofthefinishedproduct.ThoughECCOstillusesshoesmadeinstandardsizes，atleastfornow，itcustomisesthemidsole.Thisisthepartofashoethatfitsbetweentheoutsole(thebottomoftheshoethatcomesintocontactwiththeground)andtheinsole(onwhichthefootrests).Themidsoleisthefunctionalheartofashoe，saysPatrizioCarlucci，theheadofECCO'sInnovationLab，whichisinchargeoftheproject.Onthebasisofthelaserscans，ofdatafromtheshoesensorsandtreadmilltests，andofinformationaboutthecustomer(someonewhostandsaroundalotmayrequireasofterfeelthandoesanotherwhowalkseverywhere)，individualisedleftandrightmidsolesareengineeredtosuitthepersonconcerned.(E)Oncethemidsoledesignsarecomplete，thecomputerfiledescribingthemistransferredtothe3Dprinters.ThesearemadebyafirmcalledGermanRepRapandareadaptedtoprintatypeofsiliconedevelopedbytheDowChemicalCompanyforthispurpose.Theprintersbuildlayersofsiliconeintohundredsofcloselypackedcells.Theshapeandsizeofeachcellvariesthroughoutthemidsole，toprovidetherequireddistributionofsupport.Whencomplete，themidsolesareinsertedintoapairofshoeschosenbythecustomer.(F)Furthertrialsoftheproductionsystem，whichECCOcallsQuant-U，willbeheldinW-21laterthisyearandatotherstoresaroundtheworldasthecompanycontinuestodeveloptheprocessandtakeaccountoffeedbackfromcustomerswhotakepart.Atthemoment，ECCOischargingapremiumofaround￡100($120)orsoontopofthepriceoftheshoesforthebespokesole-designingservice.