高中英語譯林版（2020）選擇性課文教材拓展之語法填空

高中英語譯林版（2020）選擇性必修第二冊(cè)課文教材拓展之語法填空（含答案）Unit1TheMassMedia【Reading】BeaCriticalNewsReader!10JulyFirefightersputouttowerblockfireFirefightersquicklyputouttheHendersonTowerfirelastnight.Thefire,whichisthoughttohavestartedfromthe8thfloor,spreadquicklythroughthetowerblockonSundaynight,leavingpeopleontheupperfloors1._______

(trap).Fearsgrewthatthenumberofdeathscouldreach5,accordingtofiguresreleasedbyemergencyservices.Fireenginesandambulances,calledat9:30p.m.,reachedthescenewithin15minutes.Bythistime,thefire2._______

(extend)tothe15thfloor.Firefightersgotthesituationundercontrolaround11p.m.Thereisconcernthattheconstructionpanythatbuiltthetowerblockhadnotfollowedfiresafetyrules.11July

LocalnewsDeadlyfireintowerblockcausesseriousdamageAterriblefirebrokeoutonSundaynight,leavingtheHendersonTowerseriouslydamaged.Emergencyservicesestimatethatthenumberofdeathscouldreach9.Bythismorning,4peoplehavebeenconfirmeddead.Thefirehasalsoleftdozensofpeopleinjured,5of3._______

areinacriticalcondition.LisaMayer,29,isamongtheluckyoneswhoonlysufferedminorinjuries.Sherecalled,“IwasabouttohaveabathwhenIheardpeoplescreaminganddogsbarking.Ilookedoutsideandthesmokewaschokingme.Itwaslikeanawfuldream.”MrPeterson,headofthefireservice,confirmsthatadroppedcigaretteendonacarpetofthe8thfloorstartedthefireandthattheautomaticfirealarmsdidnotgo4._______

quicklyenoughtopreventthedisaster.Ateamiscurrentlyinvestigatingtheaccidentfurther.ReadingnewsreportscriticallyWerelyonnewstolearnaboutwhatishappeningintheworldaroundus.However,weusuallyfindthatreportsonthesameeventscontain5._______

(difference)orevencontradictoryinformation.Howdothesedifferenceseabout?Itisadvisabletorememberthatjournalistsmayhavedifferent6._______

(priority),whichwouldinfluencehowtheyreportanevent.Let’stakethetwonewsreportsontheHendersonTowerfireasanexample.Wecanseethatthefirstnewsreportpaysmoreattentiontotherescueefforts,whilethesecondtalksmoreaboutdeathsandinjuries.Whenwereadmorethanonereport,weetounderstandaneventinamoreprehensiveway.Evenifnewsreportsarewrittenfrombasicallythesameperspective,theymaycontradicteachotherintermsoffactualdetails,aseventsintherealworldareusuallyplicatedandconstantlychanging.Forinstance,7._______

numbersofdeathsdifferinthetwonewsreportsontheHendersonTowerfire.Whenweeacrosssuchfactualdifferences,weshouldnotrushtotheconclusionthatoneofthenewsreportsgivesfalseinformation.Instead,checkwhenthereportswerewritten.Newsreportswrittenatdifferentstagesofaneventcouldcontaindifferentinformationasnewfactsarebroughttolight.Anotheraspectworthyofmentionisthatjournalistsmayapproachinformationtheygetfromresearchorinterviewsdifferently.Supposeemergencyservices’

estimatesofthenumberofdeathsvarybetween5and9.Journalistsmaychoosetopresenttheminimum,themaximumorsomethinginbetweenintheirnewsreports.Therefore,checkingdifferentsourcesenablesustodrawamoreinformed8._______

(conclude).Tosumup,itiswisetoreadnewsreportswrittenfromvariousperspectivesandatdifferentstages,whichbringsusamoreaccurateunderstandingofasituation.Wealsoneedtobecriticalabouttheinformationwereceiveandremembernotto9._______

(blind)trustwhatwehaveread.Thoughjournalistsaremittedto10._______

(present)thetruth,itisbettertouseourownjudgmentthanrelyentirelyonnewsreports.Withgreatdiscrimination,everyoneofushasthepotentialtobeacriticalnewsreader.參考答案

1.

trapped

2.

hadextended

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whom

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off

5.

different6.

priorities

7.

the

8.conclusion

9.

blindly

10.

presentingUnit2SportsCulture【Reading】TheOlympicGamesEveryfouryears,thousandsofhighlytrainedandtalentedathletesgathertogetherinthespiritoffriendship,solidarityandfairplay,readytotesttheirabilitiesagainsteachotherinthehopeofbeingrecognizedasthebestofthebest.ThisistheOlympics

—

1._______

extraordinarysportingeventthatwasfirstcelebratedabout3,000yearsago.TheancientOlympicGamesbeganintheyear776BCE.DuringtheearlyGames,onlyGreekmenwereallowed

2._______

(participate).Theypetedinsucheventsasboxing,runningandthelongjump.TheancientOlympicGameswereheldatOlympiainGreeceeveryfouryearsforalmost12centuries,untiltheyeventuallydiedoutaroundtheyear393.Morethan1,500yearslater,however,theGamesroseagain.ThemodernOlympicswerefirstheldin1896,inAthens.ItwasaFrenchman,PierredeCoubertin,3._______

broughttheOlympicsbacktolife.HisdreamwasthattheOlympicswouldhelppeopleofdifferentracialoriginsandfromdifferentcultureslivesidebysideinpeace.Foroveracentury,peoplefromdiversebackgroundshavemadejointeffortstohelprealizeCoubertin’sdream.4._______

(motivate)

bytheoriginalOlympicmotto“Faster,Higher,Stronger”,manywellknownathletes,bothmaleandfemale,havedevotedthemselvesto5._______

(achieve)

sportingexcellenceandpushingtheboundariesofhumanachievement.OnesuchOlympianwastheboxerCassiusClay.Hecametopublicattentionduringthe1960RomeOlympics,whenhewonthelightheavyweightgoldmedalfortheUSA,demonstratinggreattalentandpersonalityintheprocess.Afterwards,thisyoungman6._______

(proceed)

tobeetheworldheavyweightchampionin1964,andlaterchangedhisnametotheoneweallknow

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MuhammadAli.Hereturnedtothe1996AtlantaOlympicGamestolighttheOlympicflameattheopeningceremony.Bythetimehediedin2016,Ali7._______

(recognize)

asoneofthegreatestboxersofalltime.AnothersportspersonthatshouldbeapplaudedisJessicaEnnisHill.Herstoryisaremarkableexampleofhowhardworkand8._______

(devote)

canleadtosportingexcellence.AformertrackandfieldathletefromtheUK,shewonanOlympicgoldmedalinherhomecountryin2012.Asifthatwerenotenough,shereturnedtotheOlympicsandwonasilvermedalin2016,justtwoyearsaftergivingbirthtoherfirstchild.Inaninterviewsherevealedthatthesecretofherconsistentgoodperformancewasthetrainingthatshenevermissed.The2008BeijingOlympicscalledonthewholeworldtojoinintheOlympicspiritandbuildabetterfutureforhumanitywiththeslogan“OneWorld,OneDream”.InadditiontohostingtheOlympicsforthefirsttime,Chinaalsorankedfirstinthemedaltable.Thissuccessistrulyremarkableifyouconsiderthatjust24yearsbefore,atthe1984LosAngelesOlympics,XuHaifengwonourcountry’sfirstevergoldmedal.SincethentheupwardtrendforChinesesporthasbeenunstoppable.Atthe2004AthensOlympicGames,LiuXiangbecamethefirstAsiantowinthegoldmedalinthemen’s110metrehurdles,whileatthe2016RioOlympicGames,theChinesewomen’svolleyballteamwonahardfoughtvictoryinthefinal.AnotherhistoricmomentforChinacamewhenBeijing9._______

(successful)

hostedthe2022WinterOlympicsafterwinningtheelectionin2015.TheOlympicGamesbringjoyandexcitementtopeopleacrosstheworld.AsCoubertinbelieved,“WiththeOlympicGames,eachgeneration10._______

(celebrate)

itsadvent,itsjoyofliving,itsfaithinthefuture,itsambitionanditswilltoascend.”參考答案

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an

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toparticipate

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who

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Motivated

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achieving6.

proceeded

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hadbeenrecognized

8.devotion

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successfully

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celebratesUnit3FitforLife【Reading】TheFutureisinOurGenesGoodafternoon,ladiesandgentlemen.Thankyouallforingtothislecture.

Overthecourseofmycareer,Ihaveseenmanywonderfulscientificdevelopments,butnoneareasgamechangingasgenomeediting.Iamfullofexcitementaboutthe1._______

(possibility)

thisscientificadvancecanbringandIhopetosharemyexcitementwithyoutoday.Asmanyofyoumayalreadyknow,genesplayacriticalroleinshapingourlives.Everythingfromthecolorofoureyestoourtalentformath’sdependsongenes.Thepletesetofgenesinsideacelloralivingbeingiscalledagenome.Ourownpersonalgenome2._______

(carry)

alltheinformationneededtomakeusgrowanddevelop.Italsocontainsinformationthathelpsdetermineourlifespanandaffectsourchancesofcontractingcertaindiseases.Somepeople,forexample,carryagenethatmakesthemmorelikelytocatchacertainvirusordevelop3._______

Particularformofcancer.Geneticistshavebeentryingtoidentifywhichgenesrelatetowhichdiseases,astheybelievegenomeeditingisaneffectivemeansofdiseasetreatmentandprevention.Itallowsgeneticiststomakechangestothegenomebycorrecting,adding,deletingor4._______

(replace)

specificpartsofthegeneticmaterial.Inthenearfuture,geneticistshopetoapplythistechnologytotreatawiderangeofhealthproblems.Soonwemaybeabletousesuchtreatmentstorestoreablind5._______

(person)

visionorgivesomeonewhowasborndeafanexcellentsenseofhearing.Ultimately,thisnewtechnologymightevenmake6._______

possibletopreventdiseasesfromeverdevelopingbycorrectingabnormalgenesearlyon.Genomeediting,servingasanewweaponinthefightagainstdiseases,willleadtoafundamentalchangeinourapproachtohealthcare.Asthetechnologycontinuestodevelopatafastpace,however,questionsariseabouthowtouseit7._______

(appropriate).Shouldwerestrictouruseofthistechnologytothetreatmentandpreventionofdiseases?Shouldweprohibitgeneticistsfromusingittoenhancehealthybodies?Onedaysoonwewillbeabletousegenomeeditingtoincreasethehumanresistancetocoldsandflu,tomakepeopletaller,tohelptheirmusclesdevelopfaster,8._______

(sharpen)

alloftheirsensesortomakethemmoreintelligent.Wewillalsobeabletoselectspecificcharacteristicsforchildrenbeforetheyareborn,creatingwhatsomehavecalled“designerbabies”.However,isthisagoodthing?Whatconsequencesmightithave?Philosophers,geneticistsandgovernmentofficialshaveallstartedtowrestlewithsuchmoralissues.Wehavetofigureouthowtokeepthetechnologyfromrunningwild.Thismeansputtingappropriatecontrolsinplacetomakesurethatgenomeeditingwillworktoouradvantage.Withoutthem,genomeeditingcouldbeas9._______

(danger)

asacaroutofcontrol.Thereisstillmuchtobeexploredanddebatedonthesubjectofgenomeediting.10._______

thepublicargumentoverthistechnology,itspossibilitieshavebeencreatingmuchexcitementthroughouttheentiremedicalmunityandbeyond.Withoutdoubt,genomeeditingisoneofthegreatestinventionsinthehistoryofscience.Thankyouforlistening.參考答案

1.

possibilities

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carries

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a

4.

replacing

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person’s6.

it

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appropriately

8.tosharpen

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dangerous

10.

DespiteUnit4LivingwithTechnology【Reading】ArtificialIntelligence:FriendlyorFrightening?Imaginewakinguponemorningwiththeoptionofstayinginbedand

1._______

(press)

abuttontosendarobottodoalltheworkforyou.Howcoolthatwouldbe!Itmayseemlikebuildingcastlesintheair,butgiventherate2._______

whichartificialintelligence,orAI,isbeingdeveloped,inthefuturesuchdreamsmayactuallyetrue.Atthebasiclevel,artificialintelligenceisabranchofputersciencethataimstocreateintelligentmachines.OneoftheessentialaimsofAIistodevelopputerintelligencecapableoflearningfromexperience,3._______

(adjust)

tonewinputsandperformingtaskslikehumans.Toachievethisaim,manyapproachestocreatingtrueAIhavebeenputforward,including“deeplearning”,whichenablesamachinetoimproveitsownperformancebylearningfromtheresultsofitspreviousactions.DeeplearningAIhasthecapacitytoanalysemassiveamountsofdatathroughmultiplelayers,imitatingtheplexnetworksofthehumanbrain.ThedreamofAIhasbeenaroundforcenturies,andthedevelopmentofputerssincethe1940shasfinallymadeitareality.Yearsbeforetheterm“artificialintelligence”4._______

(coin)

inthemid1950s,thetheoryhadbeenexploredby

AlanTuring,oneofthepioneersinthefieldofputerscience.However,foralongtime,AItechnologydevelopedveryslowly.AmajorbreakthroughinAIcamein1997,whenDeepBlue,achessplayingputer,beattheworldchesschampionGarryKasparov.Thenin2017,aputerprogramnamedAlphaGodefeatedKeJie,arguablythebesthumanGo5._______

(play),whichdemonstratedasignificantadvanceindeeplearningAIsystems.Nowadays,AIisalreadybeingappliedinmanyfields:finance,healthcare,machinetranslation6._______

art,tonamebutafew.Fromautonomousvehiclestodomesticrobots,fromremendationsystemstoputerswritingnovels,AIhas7._______

unlimitednumberofapplications.OrdinarypeoplearenowusingAItogetinstanttranslationsoftextinfor