浙江省寧波市鎮(zhèn)海中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期英語(yǔ)周測(cè)（一）（含答案）

英語(yǔ)周測(cè)1第=page11頁(yè)（共=sectionpages66頁(yè)）答案第=page22頁(yè)，共=sectionpages22頁(yè)鎮(zhèn)海中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)周測(cè)（一）滿分80分考試時(shí)間40分鐘第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳答案。AStonyhurstLanguageSchoolLocation:LancashireAges:10to16Fees:2Weeks:￡2,650;3Weeks:￡3,900;4Weeks:￡5,900StartDates:7,21,JulySince2012,Stonyhursthasunitedpupilsfromacrosstheworldtoexperienceasummerlikenoother.Therearetwoprogramroutesonoffertosatisfydifferentinterests—theEnglishwithActivitiesprogramandtheEnglishwithTenniscourse.PupilscanexploretheEnglishlanguageanddeveloplifeskillsthroughlessons,activitiesandculturaltrips.Fiveteachinglevelsareonoffer,fromelementarytoadvanced.AllteachersarequalifiedtoteachEnglishasasecondlanguageandsupporteachchildintheirindividuallearningjourney,aimingtoimprovepupils’languageskillsandincreasetheirconfidence.PupilsareassignedtoasmallclassofpupilswithsimilarlevelsofEnglishandtheirprogressiscontinuouslymonitoredandteachingistailoredaccordingly.LearningEnglishatStonyhursthasspecialsignificancegivenitsrichliteraryheritage(遺產(chǎn))andassociationwithsomeofthenation’smostlovedliteratureincludingSirArthurConanDoyleandthepoet,GerardManleyHopkins,whospentavastamountoftimeatStonyhurst.ChildrenwillbenefitfromStonyhurst’sattractivemuseumwhichisproudofitsimpressiveoldobjects,includingararefirsteditionofShakespeare’sFirstFolio.Thissummer,Stonyhurstwillbejoininginthecelebrationsforthe400thanniversaryoftheprintingofShakespeare’sFirstFolioin1623.ChildrenattendingtheSummerSchoolwillhavetheuniqueopportunitytoseeacopyoftherarebookondisplayinStonyhurst’smuseumandwilltakepartinthe400th-anniversarycelebrations.1．WhatdoweknowaboutStonyhurst’scourses?A．Theyadmitstudentsaged16andabove.B．TheyfocusmainlyonBritishliterature.C．Theyareforkidswithsportspotential.D．Theyhaveattractedworldwidestudents.2．Whatdoesthisschoolhavetodobeforegroupingitsstudentsintovariedclasses?A．ImprovetheirEnglish. B．Adjustitsteachingplan.C．LearnabouttheirEnglishlevels. D．Makethemfullofconfidence.3．WhatisspecialaboutStonyhurst’smuseum?A．Itpossessespreciousantiques. B．Ithasahistoryof400years.C．Aworld-famousauthorbuiltit. D．Someliteraturepraisedit.BWhenyouseesomeonetakethatfirstsipoffreshlymademilktea,theirfaceslooklikepurejoy.Acrosstheworld,customersflocktotheirfavoritespotstomeetwithfriendsandsavorsipsofthesetastydrinks.Intheearly2000s,though,milkteawasjustcomingonthescene.Thefewbrandsthatearnedafootholdintheindustrywereconcerned:Wouldmilkteajustbeanotherfad(一時(shí)風(fēng)尚)food?Andwithsomuchnewexcitementforthisproduct,would,peoplebeabletodistinguishmilkteacompanies?ThesewerethequestionsthatSerenitea,aManila-basedmilk-teacompany,facedin2014.Whilesuccessfullyopening60stores,theyfoundthemselvesinastrategicfog.Unsureofwhatconsumerstrulyfelttowardsthedrink,theyofferedasmanyflavorsaspossible.Theyalsohadnocleardefinitionofhowtheyweredistinct—theirbrandpromise,productline,andproductpackagingallseemednearlyidenticaltotheircompetitors.Howcouldtheydefinethemselves,inawaythatwoulddeeplyresonate?LikeAirbnb,Sereniteapartneredwithanagency,CIABootlegManila,whichspecializesindrillingdowntothedeepconsumer“why”.Theagencyconductedaseriesofpsychological-basedmarketresearch.Specifically,theyprobedtheconsumer’sdeeper,emotionalconnectionstomilktea,includingtheirearliestchildhoodmemoriesofmilkandtea.Theirresearchrevealedthatmilkteatriggeredthreeconsistentpsychologicalresponses.Peopleconnectedtomilkthroughtheconceptofnurturing;theyfondlyrememberedtheirchildhoodandbeingcaredforbytheirmothers.Next,consumersconnectedteatoitshealingproperties;respondentswouldrecallreceivingteawhentheyhadindigestionproblemsorseeingtheirparentsdrinkingherbalteaforhealthreasons.Lastly,theyassociatedmilkteaitselfwithteenagefun:aguiltypleasureoftheiryouth.Theyhaduncoveredthethreepsychologicalcornerstonesofthemilkteaexperience:nurturing,healing,andteenagefun.Thissetofinsightswascrucial.Byincludingthemintothecoreoftheirbrandstrategy,theychartedanentirelynewpath.4．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“earnedafoothold”meaninParagraph2?A．Madeanadjustment. B．Wonaposition.C．Losttheinitiative. D．Achievedabreakthrough.5．WhatwasSerenitea’smainconcernin2014?A．Beingconfusedwithotherbrands. B．Therapidgrowthofmilkteabrands.C．Thepossibilityofmilkteacatchingon. D．Fallingbehindthechangingconsumertastes.6．WhatdidCIABootlegManilaspecializein?A．Productpackagingdesign. B．Marketexpansionstrategies.C．Analysisofcustomerpsychology. D．Flavorinnovationanddevelopment.7．Whatwasamongthefindingsoftheresearch?A．Milkteawaspopularamongteenagers.B．Customersfoundallmilkteaidentical.C．Customersassociatedmilkteawithhealth.D．Milkteabrandsignoredconsumers’feelings.CShadowsareoftenassociatedwithdarknessanduncertainty.Now,researchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingapore(NUS)aregivingshadowsapositivespinbydemonstratingawaytoharnessthiscommonbutoftenoverlookedoptical(光學(xué)的)effecttogenerateelectricity.Theteamcreatedadevicecalledashadow-effectenergygenerator(SEG),whichmakesuseofthecontrastinillumination(照明)betweenlitandshadowedareastogenerateelectricity.It’smadeupofaseriesofthinstripsofgoldfilmonasiliconlayer,whichisthenplacedonaflexibleplasticbase.“Inconventionaloptoelectronics(光電子學(xué))whereasteadysourceoflightisusedtopowerdevices,shadowsareundesirable,sincetheydegradetheperformanceofdevices.Inthiswork,wetookadvantageoftheilluminationcontrastcausedbyshadowsasanindirectsourceofpower.Thecontrastinilluminationcausesavoltage(電壓)differencebetweentheshadowandilluminatedsections,resultinginanelectriccurrent.Thisnovelconceptofharvestingenergyinthepresenceofshadowsisunprecedented.”explainedresearchteamleaderProfessorTanSweeChing.Mobileelectronicdevicessuchassmartphones,smartglassesande-watchesrequireefficientandcontinuouspowersupply.Asthesedevicesarewornbothindoorsandoutdoors,wearablepowersourcesthatcouldharnesssurroundinglightcanpotentiallyimprovethefunctionofthesedevices.Whilecommerciallyavailablesolarcellscanperformthisroleinanoutdoorenvironment,theirenergyharvestingefficiencydropssignificantlyunderindoorconditionswhereshadowsarepersistent.Thisnewapproachtomaximizingtheefficiencyofenergyharvestingisbothexcitingandtimely.“WhenthewholeSEGisunderilluminationorinshadow,theamountofelectricitygeneratedisverylowornoneatall.WhenapartoftheSEGisilluminated,asignificantelectricaloutputisdetected.WealsofoundthatthebestsurfaceareaforelectricitygenerationiswhenhalfoftheSEGisilluminatedandtheotherhalfinshadow,asthisgivesenoughareaforchargegenerationandcollectionrespectively.”saidco-teamleaderProfessorAndrewWee.TheNUSresearchersarealsolookingatdevelopingwearableSEGsattachedtoclothingtoharvestenergyduringnormaldailyactivities.Anotherpromisingareaofresearchisthedevelopmentoflow-costSEGforefficientharvestingofenergyfromindoorlighting.8．Whyareshadowsconsideredundesirableintraditionaloptoelectronics?A．Theyservenousefulpurpose. B．Theyweakendeviceperformance.C．Theyarerareinoutdoorconditions. D．Theyaredifficulttocontrolorpredict.9．WhatdoweknowabouttheSEG?A．It’sspeciallydesignedtoworkinopenareas.B．Itwillreplaceexistingsolarcellsonceandforall.C．It’smosteffectivewhenfullypositionedinlightorinshadow.D．Itrequiresabalanceoflightandshadowtomaximizeelectricitygeneration.10．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．TheSEGisunlikelytoworkefficientlyindarkplaces.B．TheresearchersarelookingtoreducethecostoftheSEG.C．ThedevelopmentofSEGislimitedbyitshighproductioncost.D．TheresearchersaredevelopingwearableSEGsattachedtosmartphones.11．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．Aninnovativeuseofshadowstogenerateelectricity.B．Theproblemswithshadowsinconventionaloptoelectronics.C．Thechallengesofadaptingtechnologyforwearabledevices.D．Aneedforefficientpowersupplyinmobileelectronicdevices.DThepsychologicalterm,valenceweightingbias,describespeople’stendencytoadaptinnewcircumstancesbydrawingmorestronglyfromeithertheirpositiveornegativeattitudes,orrather,whethernegativeorpositiveinternal“signals”carrythemostweightinguidingpeople’sfinalbehavior.StudiesledbyRussellFazioandJavierGranadosfromOhioStateUniversityfoundlinksbetweenanegative-leaningattitudeandprocrastination(拖延)andthatit’spossibletoshifttheweightingbiasandreversethetendencytodelayatask.Inthestudy,147collegestudentsparticipatedinaprogramallowingthemtoaccumulatecoursecreditsforengaginginaresearch.Thosewhothoughtitwasanawfulthingtodoprocrastinatedstarting.Thestudyalsoexploredwhetherstudents’measuresofself-controlinfluencedtask-relatedbehaviors:Howstudentscharacterizedtheirlevelofmotivationabouttheresearchprogram,andifthataffectedwhetherstudentsgotanearlystart.Resultsshowedthecombinationofnegativeweightingbiasandself-reportedlowmotivationforself-controlwaslinkedtostudentsputtingoffresearchprogramparticipationbygettingstartedlaterinthesemester.Thenthestudentsintheprogramwhowereself-reportedprocrastinatorsandwhoscoredhighfornegativeweightingbiaswereaskedtojoininanotherstudy.Researcherstheninspiredonegroupinawaythatledparticipantstoweighpositiveandnegativesignalsinamorebalancedway.Thisshiftcausedthestudentstoaccumulatecredithoursmorequicklythanthegroupwhosenegativeweightingbiasandlowself-controlreliablypredictedtheirdelay.“Ifsomebodyismoremotivatedandabletothinkmoreaboutit,thatmightbringotherconsiderationsthatweakentheinfluenceofthevalenceweightingbias,”researcherssaid.Negativeweightingbiascanhaveapositiveeffectonbehavior,though.Theseresearchershavealsofoundevidencethatanegativeweightingbiasmayhelppeoplebemorerealisticwhenthey’reaskingthemselves,“HaveIstudiedenoughforthistest?”“It’sbettertobemoreobjectivelybalancedthantobeateitherextreme,”Faziosaid.“Butthesituationwhereaparticularvalenceweightingbiasislikelytobeproblematicisgoingtovary.”12．Whatcanweknowaboutvalenceweightingbias?A．Itisusedinmoderntechnology. B．Itinfluencespeople’smentalhealth.C．Itdirectswhatpeopledovariously. D．Itleadstodelaysincarryingouttasks.13．Studentsinthefirststudywouldstartparticipatingearlierifthey________.A．sufferedfromvalenceweightingbias B．drewmorestronglyfrompositivityC．thoughtpoorlyoftheirself-discipline D．consideredthemselveslackofmotivation14．Whatdoestheexperimentinparagraph4indicate?A．Highscoresleadtomoreconsideration.B．Negativeweightingbiascanbereversed.C．Participantsneedprofessionalknowledge.D．Measuringproperlyisofvitalimportance.15．Whatmessageisconveyedinthelastparagraph?A．Negativeweightingbiascanbebeneficial.B．Peopleneedtostrivetobepositiveatanytime.C．Positivepeopletendtomakerandomdecisions.D．Valenceweightingbiasappliestodifferentsituations.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ThereAre4TypesofAnger:WhichOneIsYours?You’repassive-aggressive(被動(dòng)攻擊型)16whenacolleagueasksforafavor,butthenoh,forgettodoit—ordoitlateandnotwell.Yousay"it'sfine"whenit'sreallynotor'whatever'whenyoureallymeanno.Theseareallclassicpassive-aggressivebehaviors-orpatternsofindirectlyexpressingnegativefeelingsinsteadofopenlyaddressingthem.Youmakemountainsoutofmolehills(小題大做)Youfindthefaultineverysituation,andregardeachconversationasanargumentyouhavetowin.Maybeyouweremadetolookorfeelinferior（卑微的）growingup.Topayoff,youbecomemoreaggressive.Insteadoffeelinglikeavictim,youlearntobethe"rejecter".17.Andyoucreateconflictordeliverthefirstblowinanargumentsoitgivesyouthechancetobeheard,toproveyouaresmarter,andtoshowyou'reright.Yourfuse(保險(xiǎn)絲)isshortandyouburstintoangerWhenyoulosetheabilitytocontrolasituation,itmaysetoffaggression,violentbehaviororexplosiveoutburststhatarenotnecessarytothesituation.18.Thistypeofangercanalsoputpeopleatriskforharm,soit'simportanttoseekprofessionalhelp.19Whenitcomestoyourreligious,politicalorotherbeliefs—yoursareright,theothersarewrong;yoursaregood,theothersarebad.Sowhenothersgoagainstyourbeliefs,you'reontheoffensivebecauseyourbeliefsarecorrect,andthereforeyourangerisreasonable.Evenifyourintentionsaregood,angergetsyouintroublewhenyouallowitgetoutofcontrol.20becauseyouthinkyourmoralsbackthebehavior.A．YourmoralsfuelyourangerB．AngeritselfisnotabademotionC．Yougiveanenthusiastic"sure,noproblem!"D．It'showyouuseyourangerthatmakesitgoodorbadE．AndyoufeelyouhavetherighttodowhateveryouwantF．YouputdownorrejectothersfirstbeforeitcanbedonetoyouG．Gettingstuckintraffic,forexample,mayleadyoutoyellatotherdrivers第二部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。JuliaKellerdecidedtoquitjournalisminordertowritefiction.Hersubversive(顛覆性的)messageisthatifatfirstyoudon’tsucceed—orevenifyoudothenmaybejust21.Thereis,sheargues,toomuchofapremium(價(jià)值)placedontheabilitytogrityourteethand22throughmisery.Lastyear’sTikToktrendfor“QuitToks”sawuserslive-streaming23emailsorpostingvideosofthemselvesturningoffthelightsastheylefttheoffice.Andnowthedesiretoquitseemstobe24infarearlier,withthree-quartersof18-to29-year-oldsfeelinglessmotivatedprofessionallypost-pandemic.Agenerationraisedtobeconstantlyhustling(急速前進(jìn))mayfinallybepushingback.Yetformanyofus,quittingremainsshrouded(隱瞞)inguiltandshame,associatedwithfailureratherthanwithpursuingadifferentkindof25.Theideathatsuccessinbothpublicandprivatelifeinvolvespushingyourselftothe26remainsdeeplyingrained(根深蒂固的),especiallyforthoseyoungenoughtohavegrownupwhenthecult(熱潮)ofgrit(勇氣)andgrowth27wasatitsheight.Kellerfearsthebeliefthatsuccessisamatterofnevergivingupmaycoveruptheroleofstructuraleconomic28andencouragepeopletoblamethepoorfortheirownpoverty,onthegroundsthattheydidn’ttryhardenough.Similarly,theideathatwomenshouldstickitoutthrougha29marriagecanbeequallydamaging.Kellersays:“Womenin30relationshipsweretold,‘Ohyoucan’tleave,howcanyougiveupnowyou’ve31in10years?’Itbecomesinsidious(暗中有害的).”Sheinsistsshe’snot32givingupeverythingatthedropofthehat.Forthosewhoaren’tsureorcan’taffordtoleaveamiserablesituation,shesuggests“quasi-quitting”,orquietlytaking33stepsthatbringyouclosertowhereyou’dratherbewithoutburningany34.Kellerexplains,“Becauseitmaybackfireinspectacularways,eatingawaycareersandblowinguprelationships.Itcanruinyourlife.Anditcan35it,too.”21．A．givingout B．givingup C．givingin D．givingaway22．A．survive B．stand C．persevere D．go23．A．informing B．registration C．a(chǎn)pology D．resignation24．A．kicking B．a(chǎn)rising C．raising D．coming25．A．goal B．success C．a(chǎn)chievement D．contribution26．A．edge B．cliff C．side D．limits27．A．mindset B．state C．a(chǎn)ttitude D．perspective28．A．prosperity B．inequalities C．strength D．fault29．A．boring B．long C．miserable D．unlucky30．A．a(chǎn)busive B．negative C．unpleasant D．forced31．A．spent B．got C．thrown D．put32．A．a(chǎn)rguing B．a(chǎn)ppealing C．a(chǎn)dvocating D．enhancing33．A．small B．tiny C．baby D．exploring34．A．channel B．bridges C．roads D．ways35．A．help B．restore C．save D．revolve第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheEnglishword“garden”givesanentirelywrongideaoftheChineseyuan,for“garden”suggestsalawnand