中歐產(chǎn)煤區(qū)能源轉(zhuǎn)型國際對比研究報告：聚焦公正轉(zhuǎn)型指數(shù)、就業(yè)及經(jīng)濟多元化

中歐產(chǎn)煤區(qū)能源轉(zhuǎn)型國際對比研究JustEnergyTransitionIndex,employmentandeconomicdiversification我們研究的研究對象Whichregionsdidwestudy?1個煤炭就業(yè)jobincoal1個煤炭就業(yè)jobincoalminin3.62個間接就業(yè)jobsinothersectors直接就業(yè)Directemployees：926,000歐洲最大煤電發(fā)電廠Largestinpowergeneration：93%采礦行業(yè)貢獻ContributionofminingtoGDP：32%失業(yè)率Unemploymentrate：天然氣發(fā)電占比Shareofgasinpowergeneration：69%2|Source:AgoraEnergyTransitionChina2024研究他們做什么？Whatdidwedowiththem??定位轉(zhuǎn)型階段Definingthetransformationphase?明確不同維度的優(yōu)勢和劣勢Evaluatingstrengthsandweaknessesacrossvariousdimensions?汲取處于轉(zhuǎn)型后期的地區(qū)的經(jīng)驗和教訓Learningfromtheexperiencesandlessonsfromtheregionsinmoreadvancedstagesoftransition?轉(zhuǎn)型階段相似的地區(qū)，可探索對共同挑戰(zhàn)的解決方案Forregionsatsimilarstagesoftransition,wecouldaddresssharedchallengesandexploresolutionsTransitionmomentumEmissionsabatement社會發(fā)展維度——TransitionmomentumEmissionsabatement社會發(fā)展維度——SocialdevelopmentEconomy0,050中國山西（2022）波蘭貝爾哈托夫4|Source:AgoraEnergyTransitionChina2024TheregionwiththelowestshareofcoalintheirenergymixdoesnotnecessarilyachievethehighestscoresTransitionmomentumEmissionsabatement社會發(fā)展維度——TransitionmomentumEmissionsabatement社會發(fā)展維度——SocialdevelopmentEconomy0,050 中國山西（2022）波蘭貝爾哈托夫波蘭上西里西亞德國盧薩提亞德5|Source:AgoraEnergyTransitionChina2024InShanxiandPoland,themostpressingchallengeslieinthedimensionsofeconomicandsocialdevelopment.TransitionmomentumEmissionsabatement社會發(fā)展維度——TransitionmomentumEmissionsabatement社會發(fā)展維度——SocialdevelopmentEconomy0,050中國山西（2022）波蘭貝爾哈托夫波蘭上西里西亞6|Source:AgoraEnergyTransitionChina2024就業(yè)問題-山西vs大波蘭東部地區(qū)Employmentissue:Shanxiv.s.EasternWielEasternWielkopolska就業(yè)問題-山西vs大波蘭東部地區(qū)Employmentissue:Shanxiv.s.EasternWielAgoraandShanxidelegationvisitedZEPAKMeandthegiantretiredminingmachineAdecommissionedcoalminetobeturnedintoanartificiallake8|Sphotocredit:ZhouYang經(jīng)濟多元化-山西省vs羅茲省LodzkieLinfenTransitioningcoalcapitaltonon-coal,non-energyindustries10|Photocredit:小紅書956711975,726950330,6614586786主要結(jié)論Keyfindings不論是德國還是英國，能源轉(zhuǎn)型和公正轉(zhuǎn)型政策的發(fā)生時間并不完全一ThetransitionawayfromcoalandjusttransitionpolicieshavenothappenedsimultaneouslyattheverybeginninginGermanyandtheUK.However,forregionslikeShanxiandPoland,itisessentialthatthejusttransitionpoliciessecurethewholeItisrecommendedthattheNationalDualCarbonWorkingLeadershipGroupalsorangeofpublic,social,andprivatesectorstakeholders.Leveragingthesocio-economicresourcesofleadingcoalcompanies,supportthecompaniestotaketheleadinachievingcarbonpeakingandcarbonneutrality.11|Photoc