2024北京高三一模英語匯編：閱讀理解D篇

2024北京高三一模英語匯編

閱讀理解D篇

一、閱讀理解

（2024北京門頭溝高三一模）Arecentglobalstudy,whichsurveyed10,000youngpeoplefrom10countries,

showedthatnearly60percentofthemwereextremelyworriedaboutthefuturestateof（heplanet.Thereport,which

waspublishedinTheLancet,alsoshowedthatnearlyhalfoftherespondentssaidthatsuchdistressaffectedthem

daily,andthreequartersagreedwithihestatementthat“ihefutureisfrightening?'This,alongwithmanyotherstudies,

showsclearlythatclimatechangeisnotjustathreattotheenvironmentthatweinhabit.Italsoposesa\erj--realthreat

toouremotionalwell-being.Psychologistshavecategorizedthesefeelingsofgriefandworryaboutthecurrent

climateemergency,acommonoccurrenceamongyouthtoday,underthelabelof“eco-anxicty”.

Eco-anxietydoesn'tjustaffectyoungpeople.Italsoaffectsresearcherswhoworkinclimateandecological

science,burdenedbytherealitydepictedbytheirfindings,anditaffectsthemosteconomicallymarginalized（邊緣

化的）acrosstheglobe,whobearthedamagingimpactsofclimatebreakdown.

In2024,eco-anxietywillrisetobecomeoneoftheleadingcausesofmentalhealthproblems.Thereasonsare

obvious.Scientistsestimatethattheworldislikelytobreachsafelimitsoftemperatureriseaboveprc-industriallevels

forthefirsttimeby2027.

Inrecentyears,we'veseenwildfirestearthroughCanadaandGreece,andsummerfloodsruinregionsin

Pakistanthatarehometonearly33millionpeople.Studieshaveshownthatthoseimpactedbyairpollutionandrising

temperaturesarcmorelikelytoexperiencepsychologicaldistress.

Tomakemattersworse,facingclimatecrisis,ourpoliticalclassisnotofferingstrongleadership.TheCOP28

conferenceinDubaiwillbeheadedbyanoilandgascompanyexecutive.IntheUK,thegovernmentisbacktracking

onitsgreencommitments.

Fortunately,greaterlevelsofeco-anxietywillalsoofferanavenueforresolvingtheclimatecrisisdirectly.

AccordingtoCarolineHickman,aresearcheroneco-anxietyfromtheUniversityofBath,anyoneexperiencingeco-

anxietyisdisplayingentirelynaturalandrationalreactionstotheclimatecrisis.Thisiswhy,in2024,wewillalso

seemorepeoplearoundtheworldjointhefightforclimatejusticeandseekjobsthatprioritizeenvironmental

sustainability.Campaignerswillpulincreasedpressureonfossilfuelindustriesandthegovernmentstorapidly

abandontheusageofpollutingcoal,oiLandgas.

It'snowclearthatnotonlyaretheseindustriesthemaincausesfbrtheclimatecrisis,theyarealsoresponsible

forthementalhealthcrisis,whichisstartingtoaffectmostofus.Eco-anxictyisnotsomethingwcwilldefeatwith

therapy,butsomethingwewilltacklebytakingaction.

1.Whatcanwclearnfromthepassage?

A.Thecauseofeco-anxietyisemotionsexistinginourmind.

B.Peopleindevelopedcountriesaremorelikelytosufferfromeco-anxiety.

C.Eco-anxictyisanewkindofpsychologicaldiseaseduetoclimatechange.

D.Theauthorisdisappointedaboutgovernmentbehaviourtowardsclimatecrisis.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“breach"inParagraph3mostprobablymean?

A.Break.B.Reach.C.Raise.D.Affect.

3.AsfbrCarolineHickman'sopiniononeco-anxiety,theauthoris

A.puzzledB.favourableC.suspiciousD.unconcerned

4.Whatwouldbethebesttideforthepassage?

A.WhoIstoBlameforEco-anxiety?

B.HowShouldYouSeeEco-anxicty?

C.HowWillEco-anxietyBeResolved?

D.WhyDoPeopleSufferfromEco-anxiety?

（2024北京延慶高三一模）Itisrapidlyemergingasoneofthemostimportanttechnological,andincreasingly

ideological,dividesofourtimes:shouldpowerfulgenerativeartificialintelligencesystemsbeopenorclosed?

Supporterssaytheybroadenaccesstothetechnology,stiir.ulateinnovationandimprovereliabilityby

encouragingoutsidescrutiny.Farcheapertodevelopanddeploy,smalleropenmodelsalsoinjectcompetitionintoa

fielddominatedbybigUScompaniessuchasGoogle.MicrosoftandOpenAIthathaveinvestedbillionsdeveloping

massive,closedandcloselycontrolledgenerativeAlsystems.

ButdetractorsargueopenmodelsriskliftingthelidonaPandora'sboxoftroubles.Badactorscanexploitthem

tospreadpersonaliseddisinformaticn,whileterroristsmightusethemtomanufacturecyberorbioweapons."The

dangerofopensourceisthatitenablesmorecraziestodocrazythings,^GeoffreyHinton,oneofthepioneersof

modernAI,haswarned.

ThehistoryofOpenAI,whichdevelopedthepopularChatGPTchatbot,isitselfinstructive.Asitsname

suggests,theresearchcompanywasfoundedin2015withacommitmenttodevelopthetechnologyasopenlyas

possible.Butitlaterabandonedthatapproachforbothcompetitiveandsafetyreasons.OnceOpenAIrealisedthatits

generativeAImodelsweregoingtobe“unbelievablypotenf\itmadelittlesensetoopensourcethem,IlyaSutskever,

OpenAl'schiefscientistsaid.

Supportersofopenmodelshitback,ridiculingtheideathatopengenerativeAImodelsenablepeopletoaccess

informationtheycouldnototherwisefindfromtheinternetoraroguescientist.Theyalsohighlightthecompetitive

self-interestof（hebigtechcompaniesinshoutingaboutthedangersofopenmodels,whoseintentionistoestablish

theirownmarketdominancestrongly.

Butthereisanideologicaldimensiontothisdebate,too.YannLeCun,chiefscientistofMeta,haslikenedthe

argumentsforcontrollingthetcchnclogytomedievalobscurantism（蒙昧主義）：thebeliefthatonlyasclf-sclccting

priesthoodofexpertsiswiseenough（ohandleknowledge.

Inthefuture,allourinteractionswiththevastdigitalrepositoryofhumanknowledgewillbemediatedthrough

Alsystems.WeshouldnotwantahandfulofSiliconValleycompaniestocontrolthataccess.Justastheinternet

flourishedbyresistingattemptstoencloseit,soAIwillthrivebyremainingopen,LcCunargues.

WendyHall,royalprofessorofcomputerscienceatSouthamptonuniversity,sayswedonotwanttoliveina

worldwhereonlythebigcompaniesrungenerativeAl.Nordowewanttoallowuserstodoanythingtheylikewith

openmodels.uWehavetofindsomecompromise,shesuggests.

Wcshouldcertainlyresistthetyranny（暴政）ofthebinary（二進(jìn)制）whenitcomestothinkingaboutAImodels.

Bothopenandclosedmodelshavetheirbenefitsandflaws.Asthecapabilitiesofthesemodelsevolve,wewill

constantlyhavetotweaktheweightingsbetweencompetitionandcontrol.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“potent”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?

A.Accessible.B.Powerful.C.Significant.D.Unnoticeable.

6.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A.Itneedsbillionsofdollarstodevelopanddeployopen-sourcemodels.

B.ThefieldofgenerativeAIsystemsisdominatedbybigcompanies.

C.Onlyself-selectingexpertscanhandleopenmodelswisely.

D.Userscandoanything(heylikewithopenmodelsatthismoment.

7.RegardingWendyHall'ssuggestions,theauthoris.

A.sympatheticB.puzzledC.unconcernedD.opposed

8.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.HowtoKeeptheLidonthePandora'sBoxofOpenAI

B.DividesonOpenAI:technologyandideology

C.WheredoestheDebateonOpenAIEnd

D.ProsandConsofOpenAl

(2024北京東城高三一模)WhenIteachresearchmethods,amajorfocusispeerreview.Asaprocess,peer

reviewevaluatesacademicpapersfortheirquality,integrityandimpactonafield,largelyshapingwhatscientists

acceptas"knowledge"-Byinstinct,anyacademicfollowsupanewideawith(hequestion,"Was(hatpeer

reviewed?1'

AlthoughIbelievein(heimportanceofpeerreviewandIhelpdopeerreviewsforseveralacademicjoumals-I

knowhowvulnerabletheprocesscanbe.

IhadmyfirstencounterwithpeerreviewduringmyfirstyearasaPh.Dstudent.Oneday,myadviserhanded

meanessayandtoldmetohavemy-writtenreviewbacktohiminaweek.Butatthetime,Icertainlywasnota

"peerH-Iwastoonewinmyfield.Manipulateddata(不實(shí)的數(shù)捱)orsubstandardmethodscouldeasilyhave

goneundetected.Knowledgeisnotself-evident.Onlyexpertswouldbeabletonoticethem,andeventhen,experts

donotalwaysagreeonwhaltheynotice.

Let'ssayinmylifeIonlyseev/hiteswans.MaybeIwriteanessay,concludingthatallswansarewhite.Anda

"peer"says,"Waitaminute.I'veseenblackswans."Iwouldhave(orefinemyknowledge.

Thepeerplaysakeyroleevaluatingobservationswiththeoverallgoalofadvancingknowledge.Forexample,

iftheabovestorywerereversed,andpeerreviewerswhoallbelievedthatallswanswerewhilecameacross(hefirst

studyobservingablackswan,thestudywouldreceivealotofattention.

Sowhywasafirst-yeargraduatestudentgellingtostandinforanexpert?Whywouldmyreviewcountthesame

asanexpert'sreview?Oneanswer:Theprocessreliesalmostentirelyonunpaidlabor.

Despitethefactthatpeersareprofessionals,peerreviewisnotaprofession.Asaresult,thesameover-worked

scholarsoftenreceivemassesofthepeerreviewrequests.Besidesthelaborinequity,asmallpoolofexpertscanlead

toanarrowedprocessofwhatispublishableorwhatcountsasknowledge,directlythreateningdiversityof

perspectivesandscholars.Withoutalargeenoughreviewerpool,theprocesscaneasilyfallvictimtobiases,arising

fromasmallcommunityrecognizingeachother'sworkandcomproirisingconflictsofinterest.

Despitethesechallenges.Istilltellmystudentsthatpeerreviewoffersthebestmethodforevaluatingstudies

airdadvancingknowledge.Asaprocess,peerreviewtheoreticallyworks.Thequestioniswhethertheissueswith

peerreviewcanbeaddressedbyprofessionalizingthefield.

9.Whatcanwelearnaboutpeerreviewinthefirstparagraph?

A.Itgeneratesknowledge.B.Itiscommonlypracticed.

C.Itisamajorresearchmethod.D.Itisquestionedbysomescientists.

10.Whatcanbeinfenedabouttheexampleofswans?

A.Complexityofpeerreviewensuresitsreliability.

B.Contradictionsbetweenscientistsmaybebalanced.

C.Individualscanbelimitedbypersonalexperiences.

D.Expertsshoulddetectunscientificobservationmethods.

11.Whatistheauthor'smajorconcernaboutpeerreview?

A.Workloadforscholars.B.Toughnessoftheprocess.

C.Diversificationofpublications.D.Financialsupporttoreviewers.

12.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.whatfuelspeerreviewBwhypeerreviewisimperfect

C.hownewhandsadvancepeerreviewD.whetherpeerreviewersarcunderrated

（2024北京西城高三一模）Whilesomeallergies（過敏癥）disappearovertimeorwithtreatment,others

lastalifetime.Fordecades,scientistshavebeensearchingforthesourceoftheselifetimeallergies.

Recently,researchersfoundthatmemoryBcellsmaybeinvolved.Thesecellsproduceadifferentclassof

antibodiesknownasIgG,whichwardoffviralinfectionsButnoonehadidentifiedexactlywhichofthosecellswere

recallingallergensorhowtheyswitchedtomakingtheIgEantibodiesresponsibleforallergies.Touncoverthe

mysteriouscells,tworesearchteamstookadeepdiveintotheimmune（免疫的）cellsofpeoplewithallergies

andsomewithout.

ImmunologistJoshuaKoenigandcolleaguesexaminedmorethan90.000memoryBcellsfromsixpeoplewith

hirchallergies,fourpeopleallergictodustmitesandfivepeoplewithnoallergies.UsingatechniquecalledRNA

sequencing,theteamidentifiedspecificmemoryBcells,whichtheynamedMBC2s.thatmakeantibodiesand

proleinsassociatedwiththeimmuneresponsethatcausesallergies

Inanotherexperiment,KoenigandcolleaguesusedapeanutproteintogofishingfbrmemoryBcellsfrom

peoplewithpeanutallergies.Theteampulledoutthesametypeofcellsfoundinpeoplewithbirchanddustmite

allergies.Inpeoplewithpeanutallergies,thosecellsincreasedinnumberandproducedIgEantibodiesasthepeople

startedtreatmenttodesensitizethemtopeanutallergens.

AnothergroupledbyMariaCurottodeLafaille,animmunologistattheIcahnSchoolofMedicineatMount

SinaiinNewYorkCily,alsofoundthatsimilarcellsweremore,plentifulin58childrenallergictopeanutsthanin13

kidswithoutallergies.TheteamfoundthatthecellsarcreadytoswitchfrommakingprotectiveIgGantibodiesto

allergy-causingIgEantibodies.Evenbeforetheswitch,thecellsweremakingRNAforIgEbutdidn'tproducethe

protein.MakingthatRNAenablesthecellstoswitchthetypeofantibodiestheymakewhentheyencounterallergens.

ThesignaltoswitchpartiallydependsonaproteincalledJAK.thegroupdiscovered."StoppingJAKfromsending

thesignalcouldhelppreventthememorycellsfromswitchingtoIgEproduction,°Lafaillcsays.Shealsopredicts

thatallergistsmaybeabletoexamineaspectsofthesememorycellstoforecastwhetherapatient'sallergyislikely

tolastordisappearwithtimeortrea:ment.

“Knowingwhichpopulationofcellsstoreallergiesinlong-termmemorymayeventuallyhelpscientistsidentify

otherwaystokilltheallergycells,"saysCeciliaBerin,animmunologistatNorthwesternUniversityFeinbergSchool

ofMedicine."Youcouldpotentiallygetridofnotonlyyourpeanutallergybutalsoallofyourallergies."

13.Whydidscientistsinvestigatetheimmunecellsofindividualswithandwithoutallergies?

A.ToexplorethedistinctionsbetweenIgGandIgE.

B.TouncovernewantibodiesknownasIgGandIgE.

C.Toidentifycellsresponsiblefordefendingagainstallergies.

D.Torevealcellsassociatedwiththedevelopmentofallergies.

14.Whatdoestheword"desensitize"underlinedinParagraph4mostprobablymean?

A.Make...lessdestructive.B.Make...lessresponsive.

C.Make...lessprotective.D.Make...lesseffective.

15.Whatcanwelearnfromthetworesearchteams'work?

A.MBC2smakeantibodiesandproteins（hatpreventallergies.

B.MemoryBcellsgeneratebothRNAforIgEandthecorrespondingprotein.

C.JAKplaysaroleincontrollingantibodyproductionwhenexposedtoallergens.

D.Allergistsarccapableofpredictingwhetheranallergywilllastordisappear.

16.Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.RNASequencingIsAppliedinImmunologyResearch

B.SpecificCellsRelatedtoPeanutAllergiesAreIdentified

C.UnmaskingCells'IdentitiesHelpsDiagnoseandTreatAllergies

D.NewfoundImmuneCellsAreResponsibleforLong-lastingAllergies

（2024北京石景山高三一模）OnFeb.21,fourstudentswerestandingonthesideofPacificCoastHighway

inMalibuwhenadrivergoing110milesperhourlostcontrolofhiscaranditcrashedintotheparkedvehicles.12

peoplewerekilledatthescene,including2drivers.

Thiskindoftrafficdeathshouldn'tbecalledanaccident.InLosAngeles,weseemtohaveacceptedconstant

carnage（屠殺）inourstreetsinexchangeformaximizingdriverspeedandconvenience.Theofficialresponses

toproventrafficdangersaremeregestures,ifeventhat.

LosAngelesisauniquelydeadlycitywithadeathratethatisfourtimesthenationalaverage.Unsurprisingly,

it'salsoacity（hathasbeendesigneewithonethinginmind:aconceptcalledlevelofservice,whichgradesstreets

onhowwelltheyservethoseinautomobiles.TomanyAngelenos,thatmakessense—todesignourstreetsfbrcar

traffic,whichisthewaymanygelaround（hecity.Unfortunately,wedon'trecognizethatthere'satrade-off.Wecan

eitherhavestreetsbetteredforfree-flowingtraffic,orwecandesignstreetsforpeopletomovearoundsafely

outsideofcars.

Cityleadersconsistentlychoosefortheeasybutdeadlyoption.Inonerecentexample,aresidentaskedthe

city'sDepartmentofTransportationtoblockdriversfromusingCochranAvenueatVeniceBoulevardasacut-

throughstreet,astheywerespeedingthroughaquietresidentialneighbourhood.Thedepartmentrespondedby

suggestinga"speedawarenesscampaign"inwhichneighboursputupyardsignsurgingdriverstoslowdown.

Peopledon'tdrivebasedonsignage,buttheydriveonthedesignofthestreet.ThetrunkroadsofLosAngeles

suchasVeniceBoulevardallneedtoberevisedsothatpeopleareprioritizedovercars.Thiswouldinclude

nanowingtravellanes（道），buildingbikelanes,andbanningrightturnsatredlights.Thesemeasureswould

makedriversfeellikethey'reinacityandnotonahighway.ArecentJohnHopkinsstudysays（hiswouldhave

substantialsafetybenefits.

Withmorethan7,500milesofstreetsinthecityofLosAngeles,theywon'tallberebuiltanytimesoon.But

witheachtoadconstructionproject,oreachcrash,weshouldberevisingstreetstomakethemsaferforallroad

users.

Thesolutiontotrafficjamisn'ttomakemorespaceforcars.It'stodesignthestreetstobesafeenoughfor

alternativessuchasbiking,walkingandmasstransit,especiallyforthe50%oftripsdailyinLosAngelesthatare

lessthanthreemiles.Thesolutiontcprotectingpeoplediningoutdoorsisn'tcrashbarriers.It'sastreetdesignthat

forcesdriverstogoslowly.Theproblemiscarnageinthestreets,andweknowthesolutions.

17.WhyshouldthetrafficdeathinLosAngelesbecalled"constantcarnage''?

A.Thetrafficaccidentshappenquiteoften.

B.Toomanypeoplearckilledinthetrafficaccidents.

C.Thedrivers'speedingistoblameforthetrafficdeath.

D.Cityleaders'consistentchoicecontributestothetrafficdeath.

18.Whatdoestheword"trade-offunderlinedinParagraph3mostprobablymean?

A.Balance.B.Guideline.C.Conflict.D.Resolution.

19.Accordingtothepassage,whichisalikelysolutiontothetrafficproblem?

A.Towidentravellanes.B.Tbaddmorecrosswalks.

C.Toarrangemoretrafficpolice.D.Topunishspeedingdrivers.

20.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Driversfirstorwalkersfirst9B.Trafficdeathorconstantcarnage?

C.Morewarningsignsorsaferdesigns?D.Morenarrowlanesorspeedyhighways?

（2024北京豐臺(tái)高三一模）SeveraldozengraduatestudentsinLondonwererecentlytaskedwithoutwitting

alargelanguagemodel（LLM）,atypeofAIdesignedtoholdusefulconversations.LLMsareoftenprogrammed

withguardrailsdesignedtostopthemgivingharmfulreplies:instructionsonmakingbombsinabathtub,say,orthe

confidentstatementof“facts”ihalarenotactuallytrue.

Theaimofthetaskwastobreakthoseguardrails.Someresultsweremerelystupid.Forexample,one

participantgotihechatbottoclaimcuckscouldbeusedasindicatorsofairquality.Butthemostsuccessfulefforts

werethosethatmadethemachineproducethetitles,publicationdatesandhostjournalsofnon-existentacademic

articles.

Alhasthepotentialtobeabigbenefittoscience.Optimiststalkofmachinesproducingreadablesummariesof

complicatedareasofresearch;tirelesslyanalysingoceansofdatatosuggestnewdrugsandeven,oneday,coming

upwithhypothesesoftheirown.ButAIcomeswithdownsides,too.

Startwiththesimplestproblem:academicmisconduct.SomejournalsallowresearcherstouseLI.Mstohelp

writepapers.Butnoteverybodyiswillingtoadmittoit.Sometimes,thefactthatLLMshavebeenusedisobvious.

GuillaumeCabanac,acomputerscientist,hasuncovereddozensofpapersthatcontainphrasessuchas"'regenerate

rcsponse^-thetextofabuttoninsonicversionsofChatGPTthatcommandstheprogramtorewriteitsmostrecent

answer,probablycopiedintothemanuscript（原稿）bymistake.

AnotherproblemariseswhenAImodelsaretrainedonAI-generateddata.LLMsarctrainedontextfromthe

Internet.Astheychurnout（大量炮制）moresuchtext,theriskofLLMstakingintheirownoutputsgrows.Thatcan

cause“modelcollapse5'.In2023IliaShumailov,acomputerscientist,co-authoredapaperinwhichamodelwas

fedhandwrittendigitsandaskedtogeneratedigitsofitsown.whichwerefedbacktoitinturn.Afterafewcycles,

（hecomputer'snumbersbecamemoreorlessillegible.After20iterations（迭代）jicouldproduceonlyroughcircles

orblurrylines.

Someworrythatcomputer-generatedinsightsmightcomefrommodelswhoseinnerworkingsarenot

understood.Inexplainablemodelsarenotuseless,saysDavidLeslieatanAl-researchoutfitinLondon,buttheir

outputswillneedrigoroustestingintherealworld.Thatisperhapslessunnervingthanitsounds.Checkingmodels

againstrealityiswhatscienceissupposedtobeabout,afterall.

Fornow,atleast,questionsoutnumberanswers.Thethreatsthatmachinesposetothescientificmethodarc,at

theendoftheday,thesameonesposedbyhumans.AIcouldacceleratetheproductionofnonsensejustasmuchas

itacceleratesgoodscience.AstheRoyalSocietyhasit,nulliusinverba:takenobody'swordforit.Nothing's,

either.

21.TheresultofthetaskconductedinLondonshowsthat.

A.LLMsgiveawayusefulinformationB.theguardrailsturnouttobeineffective

C.AI'sinfluencewillpotentiallybedecreasedD.theeffortputintothestudyofAIhardlypaysoff

22.Whatdoesumodelcollapse"indicate?

A.Thereadabilityofthemodels'outputisunderestimated.

B.Thedivciscsuuiccsofinfoimaliuiiuunfuscthemodels.

C.Trainingonregenerateddatastopsmodelsworkingwell.

D.Thedatawillbecomereliableaftercontinuousiterations.

23.Accordingtothepassage,peoplesworryovertheinexplainablemodelsis.

A.impracticalB.unjustifiedC.groundlessD.unsettling

24.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.FasterNonsense:AICouldAlsoGoWrong

B.ImperfectModels:HowWil]AIMakeAdvances?

C.TheRiseofLLMs:AICouldStillBePromising

D.BiggerThreats:AIWillBeUncontrollable

參考答案

1.D2.A3.B4.B

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了，氣候變化不僅威脅到我們所居住的環(huán)境。它還對(duì)我優(yōu)的情緒健康

構(gòu)成了非常現(xiàn)實(shí)的威脅，因?yàn)閷?duì)地球的未來狀況極為擔(dān)憂，許多人會(huì)有“生態(tài)焦慮”，作者解釋了它的影

響、好處和應(yīng)對(duì)策略。

1.推理判斷題。由第五段中“Tomakemattersworse,facingclimatecrisis,ourpoliticalclassisnotoffering

strongleadership.（更糟糕的是，面對(duì)氣候危機(jī)，我們的政治階層沒有提供強(qiáng)有力的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)）”和“IntheUK,the

governmentisbacktrackingonitsgreencommitments.（在英國(guó)，政府正在背棄其綠色承諾）”可知，作者認(rèn)為面

對(duì)氣候危機(jī)，政府不是無作為就是背棄其綠色承諾，可得出作者對(duì)政府應(yīng)對(duì)氣候危機(jī)的行為感到失望。故

選D項(xiàng)。

2.詞句猜測(cè)題。由第?段中“Psychologistshavecategorizedthesefeelingsofgriefandworryaboutthecurrent

climateemergency,acommonoccurrenceamongyouthtoday,underthelabelof“eco-anxicty”.（心'理學(xué)家》當(dāng)這些

對(duì)當(dāng)前氣候緊急情況的悲傷和擔(dān)憂歸類為“生態(tài)焦慮”，這在當(dāng)今年輕人中很常見）”和第四段中“Inrecent

years,we'veseenwildfirestearthroughCanadaandGreece（近年來，我們看到野火肆虐加拿大和希臘）”及

“Studieshaveshownthatthoseimpactedbyairpollutionandrisingtemperaturesaremorelikelytoexperience

psychologicaldistress.（研究表明，那些受到空氣污染和氣溫上升影響的人更有可能經(jīng)歷心理痛苦）”可知，人

們因?qū)Ξ?dāng)前氣候緊急情況（如空氣污染和氣溫上升）的悲傷和擔(dān)憂而產(chǎn)生“生態(tài)焦慮”，而當(dāng)前氣候緊急情

況在加劇，野火肆虐加拿大和希臘，說明全球氣溫在不斷升高，再結(jié)合第三段中“In2024,eco-anxietywill

risetobecomeoneoftheleadingcausesofmentalhealthproblems.（2024年，生態(tài)焦慮將上升為心理健康問題

的主要原因之和"Scientistsestimatethattheworldislikelytobreachsafelimitsoftemperatureriseabove

pre-industriallevelsforthefirsttimeby2027.（科學(xué)家估計(jì)，到2027年，世界可能首次breach氣溫上升超過

工業(yè)化前水平的安全極限）”可知，生態(tài)焦慮在繼續(xù)，說明當(dāng)前氣候緊急情況并未得到緩解，而是在加劇，

到2027年，世界可能首次"打破''氣溫上升超過工業(yè)化前水平的安全極限，劃線詞意為“Break”。故選A

項(xiàng)。

3.推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段中“Fortunately,greaterlevelsofcco-anxictywillalsoofferanavenuefor

resolvingtheclimatecrisisdirectly.AccordingtoCarolineHickman,aresearcheroneco-anxietyfromthe

UniversityofBath,anyoneexperiencingeco-anxietyisdisplayingentirelynaturalandrationalreactionstothe

climatecrisis.（幸運(yùn)的是，更大程度的生態(tài)焦慮也將為直接解決氣候危機(jī)提供途徑。巴斯大學(xué)生態(tài)焦慮研究

人員卡羅琳?希克曼表示，任何經(jīng)歷生態(tài)焦慮的人都會(huì)對(duì)氣候危機(jī)表現(xiàn)出完全自然和理性的反應(yīng)）''可知，更

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