2018屆高考英語知識點提能檢測3

必修一Unit3高考提能練閱讀理解·組塊專練——練速度(限時：35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2016·東北三省三校聯(lián)合模擬)Mostofusspendourlivesseekingthenaturalworld.Wegofishing,sitinthegarden,haveapicnic,liveinthesuburbsorgototheseaside.ThemostpopularleisureactivityinBritainisgoingforawalk.Whenjoggersjog,theydon’trunonthestreets.Everyoneofthemtendstogototheparkortheriver.Butdespitethis,ourchildrenaregrowingupnature-deprived.Ispentmyboyhoodclimbingtrees.Thesedays,childrenarerobbedoftheseancientfreedoms,duetoproblemslikecrime,traffic,thelossoftheopenspacesandstrangenewideasaboutwhatisbestforchildren,thatistosay,thingsthatcanbebought,ratherthanthingsthatcanbefound.Thetruthistobefoundelsewhere.AstudyintheUS:familieshadmovedtobetterhousingandthechildrenwereassessedforADHD—attentiondeficithyperactivitydisorder(多動癥).Thosewhoseaccommodationhadmorenaturalviewsshowedanimprovementof19%;thosewhohadthesameimprovementinmaterialsurroundingsbutnoniceviewimprovedjust4%.ADHDisoneofthegreatproblemsofmodernchildhood.OnestudyafteranotherindicatesthatcontactwithnaturegiveshugebenefitstoADHDchildren.However,wespendmoneyondrugsratherthanongreenplaces.Thelifeofoldpeopleismeasurablybetterwhentheyhaveaccesstonature.Theincreasingconcernforthegrowingpopulationofoldpeopleisinqualityratherthanquantityofyears.Andstudyafterstudyfindsthatagardenisthesinglemostimportantthinginfindingthatquality.Evenproblemswithcrimeandaggressivebehaviourarereducedwhenthereiscontactwiththenaturalworld.Weneedthewildworld.Itisessentialtoourwell-being,ourhealthandourhappiness.語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。文章主要介紹了接觸大自然對兒童和老人有很多益處，還可以改善人們的生活質(zhì)量。1．Accordingtotheauthor,peopleenjoy________toseeknature.A．joggingonthestreetB．sittinginthegardenC．shoppinginthesupermarketD．runninginthegym解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一、二句“Mostofusspendourlives...orgototheseaside.”可知，坐在花園里是享受自然的一種方式，其他三項文中都沒有提到。故B項正確。2．Fromthesecondparagraph,wecanseethat________.A．a(chǎn)dultsdeprivethechildrenoftheirrightstoapproachnatureB．climbingtreeswillcertainlydogoodtothechildrenC．childrenprobablyspendlesstimeinnaturenowadaysD．childrentendtobehappierasaresultoftheirmaterialsatisfaction解析：選C推理判斷題。通讀第二段可知，第一句“Butdespitethis,ourchildrenaregrowingupnature-deprived.”是本段的主題句。由此可推知，孩子們身處大自然的機會越來越少了，接觸自然的時間也越來越短。故C項正確。3．Inwhatwaydopeoplebenefitfromtheircontactwithnature?A．ChildrenwithADHDcanbecured.B．Agardennearbyimprovesthequalityofoldpeople’slife.C．Problemswithcrimeandviolentbehaviorwilleasilybesolved.D．Children’sperformanceatschoolisgreatlyimproved.解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段倒數(shù)第二句“Andstudyafter...thatquality.”可知，住處附近有花園可以提高老年人的生活質(zhì)量。故B項正確。4．Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A．Accesstonatureimprovesourlife.B．NaturetreatschildrenwithADHD.C．Gettingclosetonaturereducescrime.D．Mancan’tlivewithoutnaturalareas.解析：選A主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了親近自然對兒童和老人有很多益處，接觸大自然可以提高人們的生活質(zhì)量。故A項正確。B(2016·九江市高三二模)MelbourneMelbourneisahotspottraveldestination,andit’seasytoseeitsbeautifulbeachesandbusycitylife.Whyit’sagreatchoice:Australiaasawholeisconsideredasafedestinationforinternationaltravel,andbecauseofthat,manysolotravelersgothere.AsanEnglish-speakingcountry,youwon’tbefacedwithanylanguagebarriers.Melbourneiseasytogetaroundbecauseyoucanwalkorbikepracticallyanywhere!ThailandThailandisgreatforsolotravelers—perhapsbecauseitisoneoftheBuddhistmindsets,whichpromoteequalityamongthesexes.Whyit’sagreatchoice：Thailandisknownforitsfriendlyatmosphere,andasatravelhotspot,thereareplentyofchancestomeetotherlike-mindedtravelers.Wellknownforbeingverycheap,especiallyinthenorth.Agoodchoiceifyouwanttogetawayonabudget.Thailandhasalottooffer,fromtheparty-centralBangkoktobeautifulbeachesandtropical(熱帶的)jungle.HongKongHongKongisagreatplacetorelaxforsolotravelersasitisfullof“ZenMoments”，suchasbeautifulgardensandTaiChiclasses.Whyit’sagreatchoice：HongKongisregardedasoneofthesafestcitiesintheworld.Ifyou’renotwell-traveled,orperhapsabittiredofthingslikelanguagebarriers,HongKongisagreatplacetostart,asitmixesbothEasternandWesternatthesametime.BaliBaliisaspiritualplacewithyoga,spas,healthyfoodandbeaches.ThecombinationoffriendlypeopleandsplendidvisualculturehasmadeBalinumberonetouristattraction.Whyit’ssogreat:youwon’tbetheonlysolotravelerinBali.Everyoneisknownforbeingextremelyfriendlyandyou’resuretomeetsomeamazingcharactersalongtheway.AsaHinduisland,Baliistheperfectplaceforarelaxingandspiritualretreat(靜修).TheSacred語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了澳大利亞的墨爾本、泰國、中國的香港和印度尼西亞的巴厘島這四個適合獨自旅行的旅游勝地，以及它們值得一去的原因。5．Whatdothefourplaceshaveincommonaccordingtothetext?A．They’recheaptotravelaround.B．They’regreatforsolotravelers.C．Theyoffergoodspasandyoga.D．There’renolanguagebarriers.解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。通讀全文可知，每個景點的介紹中都提及了solotraveler(s),因此選B。6．Wherecanyouenjoybothconvenienttransportandbeautifulbeaches?A．Melbourne,Australia.B．Thailand.C．HongKong,China.D．Bali,Indonesia.解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Melbourne,Australia部分第一段的“itsbeautifulbeachesandbusycitylife”以及第二段中的“Melbourneiseasytogetaroundbecauseyoucanwalkorbikepracticallyanywhere！”可知，在澳大利亞的墨爾本你可以享受到便利的交通和美麗的沙灘。7．WhathasmadeBaliNo.1touristattraction?A．Yoga,spas,healthyfoodandbeaches.B．Friendlypeopleandsplendidvisualculture.C．Meetingsomeamazingcharactersalongtheway.D．FantasticmonkeysintheSacred解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bali,Indonesia部分第一段的第二句可知，友好的人們與精彩的視覺文化融合使巴厘島成為第一觀光勝地。8．Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A．Atraveljournal.B．Abusinessreport.C．Atravelguide.D．Apressadvertisement.解析：選C推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了四個熱點旅游勝地以及它們的特色、優(yōu)勢，因此應(yīng)選C“旅游指南”。C(2016·山東省日照一中高三期中)Haveyoueverrunintoacarelesscellphoneuseronthestreet?Perhapstheywerebusytalking,textingorcheckingupdatesonWeChatwithoutlookingatwhatwasgoingonaroundthem.Asthenumberofthisnew“species”ofhumanhaskeptrising,theyhavebeengivenanewname—phubbers(低頭族)．Recently,acartooncreatedbystudentsfromChinaCentralAlthoughtheendingsoundsoverstated,thedamagephubbingcanbringisreal.Yourhealthisthefirsttobeartheeffectandresultofit.“Constantlybendingyourheadtocheckyourcellphonecoulddamageyourneck，”GuangmingDailyquoteddoctorsassaying,“theneckislikearopethatbreaksafterlong-termstretching.”Also,staringatcellphonesforlongperiodsoftimewilldamageyoureyesightgradually,accordingtothereport.Butthat’snotall.Beingaphubbercouldalsodamageyoursocialskillsanddriveyouawayfromyourfriendsandfamily.Atreunionswithfamilyorfriends,manypeopletendtosticktotheircellphoneswhileothersarechattinghappilywitheachotherandthiscreatesastrangeatmosphere,QiluEveningNewsreported.Itcanalsocostyouyourlife.Therehavebeenlotsofreportsonphubberswhofelltotheirdeath,sufferedaccidents,andwererobbedoftheircellphonesinbroaddaylight.語篇解讀：本文為議論文。作者通過描述“低頭族”過度使用手機所帶來的危害，提醒我們要恰當(dāng)使用手機。9．ForwhatpurposedoestheauthorgivetheexampleofacartooninPara.2?A．Toinformpeopleofthebadeffectsofphubbing.B．Toadvertisethecartoonmadebystudents.C．Toindicatetheworldwillfinallybedestroyedbyphubbers.D．Towarndoctorsagainstusingcellphoneswhiletreatingpatients.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中作者所舉動畫片的例子涉及的內(nèi)容，均為“低頭族”沉溺于玩手機而導(dǎo)致的嚴重后果，其目的顯然是告知人們低頭玩手機產(chǎn)生的惡果。故選A。10．WhichofthefollowingisNOTariskaphubbermayhave?A．Hissocialskillscouldbeaffected.B．Hisneckandeyesightwillbegraduallyharmed.C．Hewillcausethedestructionoftheworld.D．Hemightgetseparatedfromhisfriendsandfamily.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。作為“低頭族”所面臨的危險，A、B、D三項在第三、四段中皆有涉及，而C項對應(yīng)的原句是第二段最后一句“Achainofsimilareventseventuallyleadstothedestructionoftheworld.”，二者表述顯然不同，故選C。11．Whatmaythepassagetalkaboutnext?A．Adviceonhowtouseacellphone.B．Peopleaddictedtophubbing.C．Measurestoreducetherisksofphubbing.D．Consequencesofphubbing.解析：選C推理判斷題。借助排除法，因為A、B、D三項在文中都已談?wù)撨^，下面應(yīng)該告訴我們減少危害的措施了。故選C。D(2016·四川攀枝花第三次統(tǒng)考)WhatifItookthatbigjumponmybike?What’stheworstthingthatcouldhappenifIgooutatmidnight?ShouldItrysmoking?Theteenyearscanplayoutlikeachoose-your-own-adventurenovel.Teenagersmustactonendlesschoices.Somechoices,includingsmoking,comewithseriousconsequences.Asaresult,adolescentsoftenfindthemselvestrapped(陷入困境)betweentheirimpulsivetendencies(沖動的傾向)(—Justtryit！)andtheirnewfoundabilitytomakewell-informedandreasonablechoices(—Wait,maybethat’snotsuchagoodidea！)．Sowhatmakestheteenager’sbrainsocomplex?Whatdrivesadolescents—morethananyotheragegroup—tosometimesmakefoolishorquestionabledecisions?Ifyouhaveeverthoughtthatthechoicesteenagersmakeareallaboutexploringandpushinglimits,yougetthepoint.Expertsbelievethatthistendencymarksanecessaryperiodinteendevelopment.Theprocesshelpsprepareteenagerstofacetheworldontheirown.Itissomethingallhumanshaveevolvedtoexperience—yes,teenseverywheregothroughthisexploratoryperiod.Norisitunusuallyspecialtopeople:Evenlaboratorymiceexperienceasimilarstageduringtheirdevelopment.Forexample,laboratoryexperimentsshowthatyoungmicestayclosebytheirmothersforsafety.Asmicegrow,theirbehaviordoestoo.“Whentheyreachpuberty,they’relike,’I’mgoingtostartcheckingouthowthisenvironmentlookswithoutmymom...’”explainsBeatrizLuna,oftheUniversityofPittsburgh.Asadevelopmentalcognitiveneuroscientist(認知神經(jīng)科學(xué)家),Lunastudiesthosechangesthatoccurinthebrainaschildrendevelopintoadults.Sheandotherresearchersareshowinghowtheteenexperiencecanleadtopowerfuladvantageslaterinlife.Takemiceagain:Youngmicethatexploremosttendtolivelongest—thatis,unlessacateatsthem,Lunaadds.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。主要討論了在青少年成長的過程中，大腦的變化促使他們區(qū)別于其他年齡段的人。12．Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusbytakingmiceforexample?A．Youngmicetrytolookforsafety.B．Miceexperiencedifferentstages.C．Youngmiceliketostaywiththeirmothers.D．Micealsoexperienceaperiodtoexploretheworld.解析：選D寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第四段中的“teenseverywheregothroughthisexploratoryperiod...Evenlaboratorymiceexperienceasimilarstageduringtheirdevelopment”可知，文中提到老鼠的例子是為了說明即使老鼠也會像人一樣經(jīng)歷探索的時期。故答案選D。13．Accordingtothetext,theteenagerwhoexploresmostwill________.A．makefewmistakesinhislifeB．haveadvantagesoverothersC．losehisconfidenceandevenhislifeD．experiencenofailureandlivelongest解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Sheandotherresearchersareshowinghowtheteenexperiencecanleadtopowerfuladvantageslaterinlife.”可知，在青少年時期對世界探索最多的人會比別人有優(yōu)勢。故答案選B。14．Whatmaythetextdiscussinthenextpart?A．Howateenagercanmakerightchoices.B．Whatreallygoesonintheteenagebrain.C．Whathasbeendiscoveredinthelabexperiment.D．Whytheparentsshouldn’tallowteenagerstosmoke.解析：選B預(yù)測推斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句中的“Lunastudiesthosechangesthatoccurinthebrainaschildrendevelopintoadults”可知，認知神經(jīng)科學(xué)家Luna研究青少年成長為成年人的過程中大腦的變化。由此可推知，下文可能會講青少年的大腦究竟有什么樣的變化。故答案選B。15．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Researchesabouttheteenagers.B．Howtheteenagebraindevelops.C．Teenagersmakeendlesschoices.D．Theteenagebraindrivesthemtobedifferent.解析：選D主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要討論了在青少年成長的過程中，大腦的變化促使他們區(qū)別于其他年齡段的人。D項能概括文章大意。故答案選D。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2016·河北省七校聯(lián)合考試)Haveyoueverwonderedwhatadegreemightbeworthtoyouinyourjoborcareer?__1__HarcourtLearningDirectoffersyouawaytogetaSpecializedAssociateDegreein11oftoday’sgrowingfieldswithouthavingtogotocollegefulltime.__2__Youdon’thavetogiveupyourpresentjobwhileyoutrainforabetterone.ChoosefromexcitingmajorslikeBusinessManagement,Accounting,Dressmaking&Design,Bookkeeping,Photography,ComputerScience,Engineering,andmore!Books,lessons,learningaids—evenprofessional-qualitytoolsandequipment—everythingyouneedtomasteryourtrainingandmoveaheadtoanewcareerisincludedi