2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試全國(guó)甲英語(yǔ)試題含答案

2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試·全國(guó)甲卷英語(yǔ)第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inthebookstore.B．Intheregisteroffice.C．Inthedormbuilding.2．Whatistheweatherlikenow?A．Sunny.B．Cloudy.C．Rainy.3．Whatdoesthemanwanttodoontheweekend?A．Dosomegardening.B．Haveabarbecue.C．Gofishing.4．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Anewoffice.B．Achangeoftheirjobs.C．Aformercolleague.5．WhatdoweknowaboutAndrew?A．He'soptimistic. B．He'sactive.C．He'sshy.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whichofthefollowingdoesthewomandislike?A．Thebedroom. B．Thesittingroom.C．Thekitchen.7．Whatdoesthewomansuggesttheydonext?A．Gotoanotheragent.B．Seesomeotherflats.C．Visittheneighbours.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8．Whatisthemandoing?A．He'smakingaphonecall.B．He'schairingameeting.C．He'shostingaprogram.9．WhatmakesMrs.JohnsonworriedaboutherdaughterinAfrica?A．Lackofmedicalsupport.D．Inconvenienceofcommunication.C．Poortransportationsystem.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10．Whatpositiondoesthemanapplyfor?A．Asalesperson. B．Anengineer.C．Anaccountant.11．Whichaspectofthecompanyappealstotheman?A．Thecompanyculture.B．Thefreeaccommodations.C．Thecompetitivepay.12．Whichisdifficultforthemantodealwith?A．Interpersonalrelationships.B．Quality-quantitybalance.C．Unplannedhappenings.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13．HowdoesRobertsoundwhenspeakingofhisbeingawriter?A．Hopeful. B．Grateful.C．Doubtful.14．WhatwasRobertlikebeforehewas9yearsold?A．Hehadwildimagination.B．Heenjoyedsports.C．Helovedscience.15．WhatdidRobert'sfatherdo?A．Ateacher. B．Acoach.C．Alibrarian.16．WhathelpedRobertbecomeawriter?A．Writingdaily.B．Listeningtostories.C．Readingextensively.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．WherewasOpenTchaikovskyCompetitionheldin1986?A．InMoscow. B．InChelyabinsk.C．InBerlin.18．WhatdoesMaximsayaboutthecompetitionheattendedat10?A．Itinspiredmanyyoungmusicians.B．Itwasthemusiceventofhisdreams.C．Itwasalife-changingexperience.19．Whichkindofmusicaretheyoungplayersrequiredtoplay?A．Rockmusic. B．Popmusic.C．Classicalmusic.20．WhatdoesMaximvaluemostinyoungplayers'performance?A．Expressiveness.B．Smoothness.C．Completeness.[答案]1－5BACCB6－10CBCBC11－15ACBBA16－20CACCA聽(tīng)力原文同2023全國(guó)乙卷第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWheretoEatinBangkokBangkokisahighlydesirabledestinationforfoodlovers.Ithasaseeminglybottomlesswellofdiningoptions.HerearesomesuggestionsonwheretostartyourBangkokeatingadventure.NahmOfferingThaifinedining，NahmprovidesthebestofBangkokculinary(烹飪的)experiences.It'stheonlyThairestaurantthatranksamongthetop10oftheworld's50bestrestaurantslist.HeadChefDavidThompson，whoreceivedaMichelinstarforhisLondon-basedThairestaurantofthesamename，openedthisbranchintheMetropolitanHotelin2010.IssayaSiameseClubIssayaSiameseClubisinternationallyknownThaichefIanKittichai'sfirstflagshipBangkokrestaurant.ThemenuinthisbeautifulcolonialhouseincludestraditionalThaicuisinecombinedwithmoderncookingmethods.Bo.lanBo.lanhasbeenmakingwavesinBangkok'sculinaryscenesinceitopenedin2009.Servinghard-to-findThaidishesinanelegantatmosphere，therestaurantistruetoThaicuisine'srcots，yetstillmanagestoaddaspecialtwist.Thisplaceisgoodforacandle-litdinneroraworkmeetingwithcolleagueswhoappreciatefinefood.Forthoseextremelyhungry，there'salargesetmenu.GagganEarningfirstplaceonthelatest“Asia's50bestrestaurants”list，progressiveIndianrestaurantGagganisoneofthemostexcitingvenues(場(chǎng)所)toarriveinBangkokinrecentyears.Thebesttableinthistwo-storycolonialThaihomeoffersawindowrightintothekitchen，whereyoucanseechefGagganandhisstaffinaction.Culinarytheateratitsbest.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了曼谷的四個(gè)知名飯店。21．WhatdoNahmandIssayaSiameseClubhaveincommon?A．Theyadoptmoderncookingmethods.B．TheyhavebranchesinLondon.C．Theyhavetop-classchefs.D．Theyarebasedinhotels.C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Nahm部分的“HeadChefDavid...receivedaMichelinstarforhis...in2010.”可知，Nahm飯店有知名的廚師；根據(jù)IssayaSiameseClub部分的“IssayaSiameseClubisinternationallyknownThaichef...restaurant.”可知，IssayaSiameseClub有知名的廚師。故兩者的共同之處是它們都有知名的廚師。]22．Whichrestaurantoffersalargesetmenu?A．Gaggan.B．Bo.lan.C．IssayaSiameseClub.D．Nahm.B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bo.lan部分的“Forthoseextremelyhungry，there'salargesetmenu.”可知，Bo.lan為特別饑餓的顧客提供大型套餐，故B項(xiàng)正確。]23．WhatisspecialaboutGaggan?A．IthiresstafffromIndia.B．Itputsonaplayeveryday.C．Itserveshard-to-findlocaldishes.D．Itshowsthecookingprocesstoguests.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Gaggan部分的“Thebesttablein...staffinaction.”可知，Gaggan的特別之處在于顧客可以看到廚師做飯的全部過(guò)程，故D項(xiàng)正確。]BTerriBoltonisadabhandwhenitcomestoDIY(do-it-yourself)．Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurniture，sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.ShecreditstheseskillstoherlategrandfatherandbuilderDerekLloyd.Fromtheageofsix，Terri，now26，accompaniedDerektoworkduringherschoolholidays.Aday'sworkwasrewardedwith￡5inpocketmoney.Shesays，“I'msureIwasn'tmuchofahelptostartwith.ButwhenDerekbuiltourfamilyhouseabouteightyearsago，Iwasheavilyinvolved(參與)，paintingtheroomsandputtingdowntheflooringthroughoutthehouse.Ittookweeksanditwasbackbreakingwork，butIknowhewasproudofmyskills.”Terri，whonowrentsahousewithfriendsinWandsworth，SouthWestLondon，saysDIYalsosavesherfromlosinganydepositwhenatenancy(租期)comestoanend.Sheadds，“I'vemovedhousemanytimesandIalwaysliketopersonalisemyroomandputuppictures.So，it'sbeenusefultoknowhowtocoverupholesandrepaintaroomtoavoidanychargeswhenI'vemovedout.”WithmillionsofpeoplelikelytotakeonDIYprojectsoverthecomingweeks，newresearchshowsthatmorethanhalfofpeopleareplanningtomakethemostofthelong，warmsummerdaystogetjobsdone.Theaveragespendperprojectwillbearound￡823.Twothirdsofpeopleaimtoimprovetheircomfortwhileathome.Afifthwishtoincreasethevalueoftheirhouses.ThoughDIYhastraditionallybeenseenasamalehobby，theresearchshowsitiswomennowleadingthecharge.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了泰瑞·博爾頓是自我動(dòng)手方面的能手，她擅長(zhǎng)搭架子和拼裝家具，這一能力得益于小時(shí)候她的外祖父對(duì)她的培養(yǎng)。利用這一技能，她修飾房子，減少押金損失。研究表明，自己動(dòng)手已經(jīng)成為暑期的項(xiàng)目，女性成為這一項(xiàng)目的潮流領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。24．Whichisclosestinmeaningto“adabhand”inparagraph1?A．Anartist. B．Awinner.C．Aspecialist. D．Apioneer.C[詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段的“Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurniture，sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.”可知，泰瑞·博爾頓擅長(zhǎng)搭架子和拼裝家具，她自己能做的工作從不付錢(qián)給別人做。據(jù)此可知，她是自我動(dòng)手方面的專家，故畫(huà)線部分意為“專家”。]25．WhydidTerri'sgrandfathergiveher￡5aday?A．Forabirthdaygift.B．Asatreatforherwork.C．TosupportherDIYprojects.D．Toencouragehertotakeupahobby.B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Aday'sworkwasrewardedwith￡5inpocketmoney.”可知，一天的工作使她得到五鎊零用錢(qián)的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。據(jù)此可知，她的外祖父給她零錢(qián)是為了獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)她一天的工作。故B項(xiàng)正確。]26．HowdidTerriavoidlosingthedepositonthehousesherented?A．Bymakingitlooklikebefore.B．Byfurnishingitherself.C．Bysplittingtherentwitharoommate.D．Bycancellingtherentalagreement.A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段泰瑞·博爾頓所說(shuō)的話“I'vemovedhousemanytimes...repaintaroomtoavoidanychargeswhenI'vemovedout.”可知，她已經(jīng)搬了很多次家了，總是喜歡把自己的房間個(gè)性化，掛上照片。所以，知道如何掩蓋洞和重新粉刷房間是很有用的，這樣搬出去的時(shí)候就可以避免任何費(fèi)用。據(jù)此可知，她通過(guò)使房子看起來(lái)和入住時(shí)一樣來(lái)避免損失押金。故A項(xiàng)正確。]27．WhattrendinDIYdoestheresearchshow?A．Itisbecomingmorecostly.B．Itisgettingmoretime-consuming.C．Itisturningintoaseasonalindustry.D．Itisgainingpopularityamongfemales.D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“ThoughDIYhastraditionallybeenseenasamalehobby，theresearchshowsitiswomennowleadingthecharge.”可知，盡管DIY傳統(tǒng)上被認(rèn)為是男性的愛(ài)好，但研究表明，現(xiàn)在是女性主導(dǎo)了這一潮流。據(jù)此可推知，DIY當(dāng)前深受女性歡迎。故D項(xiàng)正確。]CIwasabout13whenanunclegavemeacopyofJosteinGaarder'sSophie'sWorld.Itwasfullofideasthatwerenewtome，soIspentthesummerwithmyheadinandoutofthatbook.Itspoketomeandbroughtmeintoaworldofphilosophy(哲學(xué))．ThatloveforphilosophylasteduntilIgottocollege.NothingkillstheloveforphilosophyfasterthanpeoplewhothinktheyunderstandFoucault，Baudrillard，orConfuciusbetterthanyou—andthentrytoexplainthem.EricWeiner'sTheSocratesExpress：InSearchofLifeLessonsfromDeadPhilosophersreawakenedmyloveforphilosophy.Itisnotanexplanation，butaninvitationtothinkandexperiencephilosophy.Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthenframeseachphilosopher'sworkinthecontext(背景)ofonethingtheycanhelpusdobetter.TheendresultisareadinwhichwelearntowonderlikeSocrates，seelikeThoreau，listenlikeSchopenhauer，andhavenoregretslikeNietzsche.This，morethanabookaboutunderstandingphilosophy，isabookaboutlearningtousephilosophytoimprovealife.Hemakesphilosophicalthoughtanappealingexercisethatimprovesthequalityofourexperiences，andhedoessowithplentyofhumour.Weinerentersintoconversationwithsomeofthemostimportantphilosophersinhistory，andhebecomespartofthatcrowdintheprocessbydecoding(解讀)theirmessagesandaddinghisowninterpretation.TheSocratesExpressisafun，sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicityandgraduallypullsthemindeeperthoughtsondesire，loneliness，andaging.Theinvitationisclear：Weinerwantsyoutopickupacoffeeorteaandsitdownwiththisbook.Iencourageyoutotakehisoffer.It'sworthyourtime，eveniftimeissomethingwedon'thavealotof.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了哲學(xué)著作《蘇格拉底快車》，該書(shū)語(yǔ)言幽默，陳述直白，卻能讓讀者深刻思考日常生活中的欲望、孤獨(dú)等哲學(xué)問(wèn)題。28．Whoopenedthedoortophilosophyfortheauthor?A．Foucault.B．EricWeiner.C．JosteinGaarder.D．Acollegeteacher.C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“anunclegavemeacopyofJosteinGaarder'sSophie'sWorld”和“Itspoketomeandbroughtmeintoaworldofphilosophy.”可知，JosteinGaarder的《蘇菲的世界》把作者帶進(jìn)了一個(gè)哲學(xué)的世界。故JosteinGaarder為作者打開(kāi)了哲學(xué)大門(mén)。]29．Whydoestheauthorlistgreatphilosophersinparagraph4?A．TocompareWeinerwiththem.B．Togiveexamplesofgreatworks.C．Topraisetheirwritingskills.D．TohelpreadersunderstandWeiner'sbook.D[推理判斷題。通讀第四段內(nèi)容，特別是該段尾句“This，morethanabookaboutunderstandingphilosophy，isabookaboutlearningtousephilosophytoimprovealife.”可知，在列舉了幾位偉大的哲學(xué)家后，作者指出，這不僅僅是一本關(guān)于理解哲學(xué)的書(shū)，更是一本關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)如何運(yùn)用哲學(xué)來(lái)改善生活的書(shū)。據(jù)此可以推知，作者列舉幾位偉大的哲學(xué)家是為了幫助讀者更好地理解Weiner的這本書(shū)。]30．WhatdoestheauthorlikeaboutTheSocratesExpress?A．Itsviewsonhistoryarewell-presented.B．Itsideascanbeappliedtodailylife.C．Itincludescommentsfromreaders.D．Itleavesanopenending.B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“TheSocratesExpressisafun，sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicityandgraduallypullsthemindeeperthoughtsondesire，loneliness，andaging.”可知，《蘇格拉底快車》是一本有趣而尖銳的書(shū)，它因顯而易見(jiàn)的簡(jiǎn)單而吸引讀者，并逐漸將他們帶入對(duì)欲望、孤獨(dú)和衰老的更深層次的思考。結(jié)合常識(shí)可以推知，《蘇格拉底快車》的思想可以用于日常生活中，故B項(xiàng)正確。]31．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofWeiner'sbook?A．Objectiveandplain.B．Daringandambitious.C．Seriousandhardtofollow.D．Humorousandstraightforward.D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的“hedoessowithplentyofhumour”可知，該書(shū)充滿了幽默；根據(jù)尾段第一句“TheSocratesExpressisafun，sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicityandgraduallypullsthemindeeperthoughtsondesire，loneliness，andaging.”可知，《蘇格拉底快車》因顯而易見(jiàn)的簡(jiǎn)單而吸引讀者，并逐漸將他們帶入對(duì)欲望、孤獨(dú)和衰老的更深層次的思考。據(jù)此可以推知，Weiner的書(shū)幽默且易懂，故D項(xiàng)正確。]DGrizzlybears，whichmaygrowtoabout2.5mlongandweighover400kg，occupyaconflictedcorneroftheAmericanpsyche—werevere(敬畏)themevenastheygiveusfrighteningdreams.AskthetouristsfromaroundtheworldthatfloodintoYellowstoneNationalParkwhattheymosthopetosee，andtheiranswerisoftenthesame：agrizzlybear.“Grizzlybearsarere-occupyinglargeareasoftheirformerrange，”saysbearbiologistChrisServheen.Asgrizzlybearsexpandtheirrangeintoplaceswheretheyhaven'tbeenseeninacenturyormore,they'reincreasinglybeingsightedbyhumans.ThewesternhalfoftheUSwasfullofgrizzlieswhenEuropeanscame，witharoughnumberof50，000ormorelivingalongsideNativeAmericans.Bytheearly1970s，aftercenturiesofcruelandcontinuoushuntingbysettlers，600to800grizzliesremainedonamere2percentoftheirformerrangeintheNorthernRockies.In1975，grizzlieswerelistedundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct.Today，thereareabout2，000ormoregrizzlybearsintheUS.TheirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheUSFishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtode-listgrizzlies，whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.Botheffortswereoverturnedduetolawsuitsfromconservationgroups.Fornow，grizzliesremainlisted.Obviously，ifprecautions(預(yù)防)aren'ttaken，grizzliescanbecometroublesome,sometimeskillingfarmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeopleremovefoodandattractantsfromtheiryardsandcampsites，grizzlieswilltypicallypassbywithouttrouble.Puttingelectricfencingaroundchickenhousesandotherfarmanimalquartersisalsohighlyeffectiveatgettinggrizzliesaway.“Ourhopeistohaveaclean，attractant-freeplacewherebearscanpassthroughwithoutlearningbadhabits，”saysJamesJonkel，longtimebiologistwhomanagesbearsinandaroundMissoula.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了美國(guó)灰熊由多變少的發(fā)展過(guò)程?，F(xiàn)在，在法律的保護(hù)下，灰熊數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)，并探討了針對(duì)灰熊的應(yīng)對(duì)保護(hù)方案。32．HowdoAmericanslookatgrizzlies?A．Theycausemixedfeelingsinpeople.B．Theyshouldbekeptinnationalparks.C．Theyareofhighscientificvalue.D．TheyareasymbolofAmericanculture.A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Grizzlybears...occupyaconflictedcorneroftheAmericanpsyche(灰熊在美國(guó)人心中占據(jù)了一個(gè)矛盾的角落)”和“wereverethemevenastheygiveusfrighteningdreams...theiranswerisoftenthesame：agrizzlybear”可知，人們對(duì)灰熊既怕又愛(ài)。由此可見(jiàn)，人們對(duì)它們的感情很復(fù)雜，故A項(xiàng)正確。]33．Whathashelpedtheincreaseofthegrizzlypopulation?A．TheEuropeansettlers'behavior.B．Theexpansionofbears'range.C．Theprotectionbylawsince1975.D．ThesupportofNativeAmericans.C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“In1975，grizzlieswerelistedundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct.(1975年，灰熊被列入《美國(guó)瀕危動(dòng)物法案》中。)”和第四段的“Today，thereareabout2，000ormoregrizzlybearsintheUS.(如今，美國(guó)大約有2000或更多頭灰熊。)”可以推斷，灰熊數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)與1975年以來(lái)的法律保護(hù)息息相關(guān)，故C項(xiàng)正確。]34．WhathasstoppedtheUSFishandWildlifeServicefromde-listinggrizzlies?A．Theoppositionofconservationgroups.B．Thesuccessfulcomebackofgrizzlies.C．Thevoiceofthebiologists.D．Thelocalfarmers'advocates.A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Botheffortswereoverturnedduetolawsuitsfromconservationgroups.(由于來(lái)自保護(hù)組織的訴訟，這兩次嘗試都被推翻了。)”可知，動(dòng)物保護(hù)組織的反對(duì)阻止了美國(guó)魚(yú)類及野生動(dòng)物管理局將灰熊從《美國(guó)瀕危動(dòng)物法案》中除名，故A項(xiàng)正確。]35．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Foodshouldbeprovidedforgrizzlies.B．Peoplecanliveinharmonywithgrizzlies.C．Aspecialpathshouldbebuiltforgrizzlies.D．Technologycanbeintroducedtoprotectgrizzlies.B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Ifpeopleremovefoodandattractants...isalsohighlyeffectiveatgettinggrizzliesaway.(如果人們把食物和引誘劑從他們的院子和營(yíng)地拿走，灰熊經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)通常會(huì)平安無(wú)事。在雞舍和其他農(nóng)場(chǎng)動(dòng)物住所周圍安裝電圍欄對(duì)趕走灰熊也非常有效。)”可以推斷，人類可以和灰熊和諧共處，故B項(xiàng)正確。]第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TricksToBecomingAMorePatientPersonHere'sariddle：Whatdotrafficjams，longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?There'soneanswer：36．IntheDigitalAge，we'reusedtohavingwhatweneedimmediatelyandrightatourfingertips.However，researchsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience，we'dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereareseveraltricks.●Practicegratitude(感激)Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits：Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.37．“Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself-control，”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.●MakeyourselfwaitInstantgratification(滿足)mayseemlikethemost“feelgood”optionatthetime，butpsychologyresearchsuggestswaitingforthingsactuallymakesushappierinthelongrun.Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.38．Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.You'llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice，themoreyoustarttoapplyittoother，moreannoyingsituations.●39Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone，wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself，“40．”You'llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.A．FindyourcausesB．StartwithsmalltasksC．AccepttheuncomfortableD．AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE．ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF．Thisismerelyuncomfortable，notintolerableG．They'reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了成為更有耐心的人的一些小技巧。36．G[根據(jù)空前的“There'soneanswer”可知，本空要回答前面的問(wèn)題“Whatdotrafficjams，longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon？(交通堵塞、排長(zhǎng)隊(duì)和等待假期開(kāi)始有什么共同之處呢？)”。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“TricksToBecomingAMorePatientPerson”和常識(shí)可知，這三種情況都需要人們多點(diǎn)耐心，故G項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。]37．E[本段第一句講到了“Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits(感恩有很多好處)”，空前講到了一些好處“itmakesushappier，lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic(它讓我們更快樂(lè)、壓力更小，甚至更樂(lè)觀)”，因此，空處講到的應(yīng)該還是好處，且涉及主題“耐心”，故E項(xiàng)“它也可以幫助我們練習(xí)更有耐心”符合語(yǔ)境，E項(xiàng)中的“also”與上句形成了遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。]38．B[根據(jù)空前的“theonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice(我們養(yǎng)成等待習(xí)慣的唯一方法就是練習(xí))”可知，空處講到的應(yīng)該是如何練習(xí)，結(jié)合空后的“Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.(把看你最喜歡的節(jié)目推遲到周末，或者多等10分鐘再去吃那個(gè)蛋糕。)”可知，此處講到的都是一些細(xì)小的事情。B項(xiàng)“從小任務(wù)開(kāi)始”承上啟下，故B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。]39．C[本空考查段落主旨句。根據(jù)本段中的“whenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone，wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances(當(dāng)我們經(jīng)歷舒適區(qū)之外的事情時(shí)，我們會(huì)對(duì)狀況感到不耐煩)”可知，本段主要圍繞如何在不舒服的情況下培養(yǎng)耐心展開(kāi)，故C項(xiàng)“接受不舒服”適合作本段的主旨句。]40．F[本段主要講到了“接受不舒服”，因此，空處講到的也是在不舒服的情況下，自己可以給自己的心理暗示，故F項(xiàng)“Thisismerelyuncomfortable，notintolerable(這只是令人不舒服，并不是讓人無(wú)法忍受)”符合語(yǔ)境，且能引出下文“You'llthengraduallybecomemorepatient(然后，你就會(huì)逐漸變得更加有耐心)”。]第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Manyyearsago,IboughtahouseintheGarfagnana，wherewestillgoeverysummer.Thefirsttimewe41there，weheardthechug-chug-chugofamotorbike42itswaydownthehilltowardsus.Itwasa43calledMario，comingto44usaboxcontainingsometomatoesandabottleofwine.Itwasaverynice45forhimtomake.Butwhenwelookedatthetomatoes，wewere46becausetheyweresomisshapen：notatalllikethenice，round,47thingsyougetinasupermarket.Andthewinewascloudy，inafunnyoldbottlewithnolabel(標(biāo)簽)onit.Thesecan'tbeany48，wethought.Butwewere49hiskindness，sowe50them.Whatwediscoveredisthatit's51tojudgewhatyoueatonlybyits52.Thosetomatoeshada53thatremindedmeoftheonesmyuncleusedtogrowwhenIwasachild.Nowadayssupermarkettomatoes54perfectbuttasteofwater.Nobody'sgoingtohavea55memoryofthose.It'sasurprisetheyhaven'tmanagedtogrowsquareonessothattheycan56themeasily.Mario'swinemayhavebeencloudyandcomeoutofanoldbottle,butitwas57．It'sgoodtoeatthingsatthecorrecttime，whenthey're58，andascloseaspossibletowheretheywere59．WhatMariohad60uswasthetasteoftheGarfagnana.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者第一次居住在加爾法尼亞納的家時(shí)收到鄰居送的禮物——外觀不好的西紅柿，以及看起來(lái)混濁的酒，但味道卻是完美的故事。這讓作者不禁感嘆：不能以貌取“物”。而通過(guò)Mario的禮物，作者也感受到了加爾法尼亞納的味道。41．A．waited B．metC．camped D．stayedD[根據(jù)上文中的“IboughtahouseintheGarfagnana，wherewestillgoeverysummer”可知，此處講的是作者第一次居住(stayed)期間的故事。]42．A．making B．searchingC．squeezing D．feelingA[根據(jù)上文中的“weheardthechug-chug-chugofamotorbike”和下文中的“downthehilltowardsus”可知，摩托車是向作者家行進(jìn)(makingitsway)的。makeone'sway“前進(jìn)，行進(jìn)”；searchone'sway“探路”；squeezeone'sway“擠過(guò)去”；feelone'sway“摸索前進(jìn)”。]43．A．customer B．neighbourC．relative D．passengerB[根據(jù)上文中的“Thefirsttimewe________there”和下文中的“sometomatoesandabottleofwine”可以推測(cè)，Mario應(yīng)該是作者的鄰居(neighbour)。]44．A．lend B．sendC．bring D．showC[根據(jù)上文可知，Mario是作者的鄰居，他在作者第一次到來(lái)的時(shí)候，給作者帶來(lái)(bring)一些西紅柿和一瓶葡萄酒以示歡迎。]45．A．choice B．commentC．promise D．gestureD[根據(jù)上文可知，Mario在作者第一次到來(lái)的時(shí)候，給作者送禮物。結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，這是一種善意的表示(gesture)，故選D項(xiàng)。choice“選擇，挑選，抉擇”；comment“議論，評(píng)論，解釋”；gesture“(表明感情或意圖的)姿態(tài)，表示”。]46．A．worried B．movedC．thrilled D．boredA[根據(jù)下文中的“becausetheyweresomisshapen”可以推測(cè)，Mario送來(lái)了一些奇形怪狀的西紅柿，這讓作者很擔(dān)憂(worried)。moved“感動(dòng)的”；thrilled“非常興奮，極為激動(dòng)”；bored“厭煩的”。]47．A．simple B．realC．shiny D．funC[根據(jù)下文中的“yougetinasupermarket”可知，空處講的是超市里的西紅柿的情況。結(jié)合生活常識(shí)可知，超市里的西紅柿看起來(lái)漂亮、圓圓的而又有光澤(shiny)。shiny“光亮的，锃亮的，反光的，有光澤的”。]48．A．more B．goodC．new D．easyB[根據(jù)上文中對(duì)西紅柿的描述及“thewinewascloudy，inafunnyoldbottlewithnolabelonit”可知，由于西紅柿外觀不好，酒很渾濁，且酒瓶陳舊，沒(méi)有標(biāo)簽，作者覺(jué)得這瓶葡萄酒的質(zhì)量也好(good)不到哪里去。]49．A．sympatheticto B．thankfulforC．cautiousabout D．interestedinB[根據(jù)上文可知，作者第一次來(lái)，Mario就給作者送禮物。因此，哪怕禮物看起來(lái)不怎么好，作者對(duì)Mario的善良還是很感激的(thankfulfor)。besympatheticto“對(duì)……表示同情”；bethankfulfor“對(duì)……表示感激”；becautiousabout“對(duì)……謹(jǐn)慎”；beinterestedin“對(duì)……感興趣”。]50．A．tried B．soldC．returned D．mixedA[根據(jù)下文中的“Thosetomatoeshada________thatremindedmeoftheonesmyuncleusedtogrowwhenIwasachild.”和“butitwas________”可知，作者還是試著(tried)吃了西紅柿，并試喝了葡萄酒。]51．A．unnecessary B．uncertainC．unwise D．unusualC[根據(jù)下文中的“Thosetomatoeshada________thatremindedmeoftheonesmyuncleusedtogrowwhenIwasachild.”可知，西紅柿很好吃，因此只根據(jù)西紅柿奇形怪狀的外表就判斷它不好，這是不明智的(unwise)。]52．A．a(chǎn)ppearance B．qualityC．origin D．priceA[根據(jù)上文中的“wewere________becausetheyweresomisshapen”可知，作者之前就根據(jù)西紅柿的外表對(duì)其進(jìn)行了評(píng)判，這里作者表示僅憑吃的東西的外表作評(píng)判是不明智的。appearance“外表，外貌”；quality“質(zhì)量”；origin“起源，源頭，起因”；price“價(jià)格”。]53．A．size B．shapeC．color D．tasteD[根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，應(yīng)該是西紅柿的味道(taste)讓作者想起了小時(shí)候叔叔種的西紅柿，且這一點(diǎn)也可以通過(guò)下文的“Nowadayssupermarkettomatoes________perfectbuttasteofwater.”進(jìn)行印證。]54．A．smell B．lookC．become D．workB[根據(jù)上文中的“thenice，round，________thingsyougetinasupermarket”可知，超市里的西紅柿看起來(lái)(look)很完美。]55．A．happy B．vividC．short D．vagueA[根據(jù)上文提到的超市里的西紅柿看起來(lái)很完美，但寡而無(wú)味和常識(shí)可知，這樣的西紅柿無(wú)法給人們留下美好的(happy)回憶。vivid“(記憶、描述等)生動(dòng)的，逼真的，(光、顏色等)鮮艷的，鮮明的”；vague“不明確的，不清楚的，(形狀)模糊的”。]56．A．clean B．checkC．count D．packD[上文對(duì)超市賣的西紅柿進(jìn)行了吐槽，本句依然是對(duì)這些西紅柿的吐槽。根據(jù)“It'sasurprisetheyhaven'tmanagedtogrowsquareones”可知，此處作者是在吐槽人們?yōu)槭裁床话盐骷t柿種成方的，這樣還好包裝(pack)呢。]57．A．perfect B．usefulC．convenient D．familiarA[空前空后形成了轉(zhuǎn)折。結(jié)合空前的“Mario'swinemayhavebeencloudyandcomeoutofanoldbottle”可知，Mario的酒可能是渾濁的，是從一個(gè)舊瓶子里倒出來(lái)的，但是他的酒完美(perfect)。useful“有用的”；convenient“方便的，便利的”；familiar“熟悉的，常見(jiàn)的，普通的”。]58．A．onview B．onsaleC．inseason D．inneedC[根據(jù)上文中的“It'sgoodtoeatthingsatthecorrecttime”和常識(shí)可知，當(dāng)季的(inseason)食物是可口的。onview“展覽著”；onsale“折價(jià)銷售”；inseason“當(dāng)季的”；inneed“貧困的，困難中的”。]59．A．finished B．storedC．found D．grownD[根據(jù)上文可知，Mario送來(lái)的西紅柿是當(dāng)?shù)氐?，結(jié)合上文中的“ascloseaspossible”也可以判斷，作者認(rèn)為要吃離種植(grown)地盡可能近的食物。]60．A．cooked B．givenC．bought D．toldB[此處呼應(yīng)上文中的“comingto________usaboxcontainingsometomatoesandabottleofwine”，故選B項(xiàng)。]第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Forthousandsofyears，peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)61.________(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.Fableswerepartoftheoraltraditionofmanyearlycultures，andthewell-knownAesop'sfablesdatetothe62.________(six)centuryB．C.Yet，theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday，63.________RachelCarsonsaysinAFableforTomorrow.Carsonusesasimple,directstylecommontofables.Infact，herstyleandtone(口吻)areseeminglydirectedatchildren.“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica64.________alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulco-existencewithitssurroundings，”herfablebegins，65.________(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.Behindthesimplestyle，however，isaseriousmessage66.________(intend)foreveryone.67．________(difference)fromtraditionalfables，Carson'sstoryendswithanaccusationinsteadofamoral.Shewarnsoftheenvironmentaldangersfacingsociety,andsheteachesthatpeoplemusttakeresponsibility68.________savingtheirenvironment.Thethemesoftraditionalfablesoftendealwithsimpletruthsabouteverydaylife.However，Carson'sthemeisamoreweighty69.________(warn)aboutenvironmentaldestruction.Carsonprovesthatasimpleliteraryformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill70.________(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了卡森借助傳統(tǒng)寓言的風(fēng)格，但是卻傳遞嚴(yán)肅的教育意義，教導(dǎo)人們承擔(dān)起拯救環(huán)境的責(zé)任。61．toteach[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：幾千年來(lái)，人們講述寓言，目的是教訓(xùn)人或傳遞智慧。此處不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，所以空處填toteach。后面的“ortopass”也是提示。]62．sixth[考查序數(shù)詞。空前有定冠詞the，空后是名詞century，所以空處應(yīng)填序數(shù)詞sixth。]63．a(chǎn)s[考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：然而，正如蕾切爾·卡森在《明天的寓言》中所說(shuō)的那樣，這種寓言形式今天仍然有價(jià)值。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，從句缺少賓語(yǔ)，且先行詞是前面的整個(gè)主句，此處表示“正如”，所以空處填as。]64．where[考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：在美國(guó)的中心地帶曾經(jīng)有一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)，那里所有的生命似乎都享受著與周圍環(huán)境的和平共處……分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故填where。]65．borrowing[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：……她的寓言這樣開(kāi)始，借用了許多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的詞語(yǔ)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，begins是句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，空處為非謂語(yǔ)，與邏輯主語(yǔ)herfable之間是主謂關(guān)系，所以空處填動(dòng)詞-ing形式borrowing。]66．intended[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：然而，在簡(jiǎn)單的風(fēng)格背后，卻是一個(gè)為每個(gè)人提供的嚴(yán)肅信息。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，is是句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，空處為非謂語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。beintendedfor是固定用法，所以空處填過(guò)去分詞intended。]67．Different[考查形容詞。句意：與傳統(tǒng)寓言不同，卡森的故事以指控而非寓意結(jié)尾。bedifferentfrom“與……不同”，是固定短語(yǔ)，此處作狀語(yǔ)，去掉be動(dòng)詞，且空處位于句首，單詞首字母要大寫(xiě)，故填Different。]68．for[考查介詞。句意：她警告社會(huì)面臨的環(huán)境危險(xiǎn)，并教導(dǎo)人們必須承擔(dān)起拯救環(huán)境的責(zé)任。t