軌道交通智能控制技術(shù)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)（中英雙語(yǔ)）課件 Unit 3  Rail Transit Vehicle

《軌道交通智能控制技術(shù)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)》（中英雙語(yǔ)）Unit

3RailTransit

VehiclePart

1Part

2C

o

n

t

e

n

t

sHigh-speedRailTrainUrbanRail

TrainsElectric

LocomotiveHigh/Low-speedMaglev

TrainsPart

3Part

4Part

1High-speedRail

TrainPart

1PassageHigh-speedrailmeansarailwaysystemwithahighdesignstandardlevel,designedforthesafeandhigh-speeddrivingof

trainsHigh-speedrailhasdifferentprovisionsindifferentcountries,agesandacademic

fields.High-speedrailthatweoftensayrefertotherailstructure,namelythelinecomposition.Railstructureconsistsmainlyofsteelrails,couplings,sleepers,

roadbeds,switchesandanti-climbingequipment,andhassuchmainfunctionsasdirectionguidance,bearing,transfer,bufferingandpositioningfortrain

operation.Part1 PassageAmotor

carAmotorcarreferstoamotorizedlocomotiveorcarriageinarailtransitsystem,whichrunsonrailsandcangeneratecertaintraction.Motorcarsincludetwomaincategories—locomotivemotorized

carriages.Foratraintooperatenormallyonrails,theremustbeamotorcarthatprovides

sufficienttractionforthewholetrain,butanon-motorizedtrailerisnot

necessary.withdriving

wheelsacorrespondingnon-motorizedcarisatrailer.Part1 PassageMotorcarshavetwo

categories.Oneissinglelocomotives,whichareresponsiblefortraintractionwithoutthecarryingfunction;theotherismotorizedcarriages,whichnotonlygeneratetractionbutalsohavethecarryingfunction,andcancarrypassengersorgoodsonthe

train.Thestructureofamotorcarhasthefeaturesofcarriagesand/orelectriclocomotives.Itsbody,chassisandrunninggeararelargelyidenticaltothoseofa

carriage.Structuraldiagramofhigh-speedrail

trainPart1 PassageThemaindifferenceis：thattherearedrivingcontrolequipmentandviewingwindows

onbothendsofamotorcar’s

body.Ahydraulicallydrivendrivingbogiehastwomodes:Oneisthesameasa

mechanicallydrivenmotorcar,andtheotherisinstallingboththedieselengineandthehydraulicdrivingunit

onthebogietomakethestructurecompact.Inastrictsense,amotorcarisatraintype,ahigh-speedrailisarailwaylinetype,andtheyarenotthesame

concept.Parameterofhigh-speedrail

trainPart

1PassageHowever,inChina,motorcarsandhigh-speedraildenotedifferenttypesofrailway

lineseach.AmotorcarreferstoatraintypeandisadesignationuniquetoChina,differentfrom

pastordinary

trains.ThecurrentdefinitionNationalRailwayAdministrationofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaisasfollows:Amotorcarreferstoarailwaylinewithaspeedofaround200km/h,andhigh-speedrailreferstoarailwaylinewithaspeedofaround300km/h.Thiscanalsobeseenfromlettersintrainnumbers.D-prefixedmotorcartrainsusuallyhavefirstandsecondclassseats,whileG-prefixedhigh-speedtrainsmostlyhavebusinessclassandVIPseatsinaddition

tofirstandsecondclass

seats.Part

1Vocabulary1bogie ['b??ɡi]n.（軌道車輛）轉(zhuǎn)向架2pantograph ['p?nt?ɡrɑ?f]n.

受電弓3coupler ['k?pl?]4hydraulically [ha?'dr??l?kli]5chassis ['??si]n.

耦合器；聯(lián)結(jié)器adv.

液壓地；液動(dòng)、水力地n.（車輛的）底盤，底座，底架Part

1Notes鋼軌軌枕道床拖車輪軸驅(qū)動(dòng)齒輪箱有砟鐵路防爬設(shè)備內(nèi)燃機(jī)steel

railssleeperroadbedtraileraxle-driven

gearboxballasted

railwayanti-climbing

equipmentinternalcombustion

enginePart

1Reference

Translation軌道結(jié)構(gòu)主要由鋼軌、聯(lián)結(jié)零件、軌枕、道床、道岔及防爬設(shè)備組成整體系統(tǒng)。對(duì)于列車運(yùn)行起到引導(dǎo)列車運(yùn)行方向、承載、傳遞、緩沖、定位等主要作用。Railstructureconsistsmainlyofsteelrails,couplings,sleepers,roadbeds,switchesandanti-climbingequipment,andhassuchmainfunctionsasdirectionguidance,bearing,transfer,bufferingandpositioningfortrain

operation.Part

2UrbanRail

TrainsPart2 PassageUrbanrailisanabbreviationandcollectivetermofintercityrailtransitandurban

railtransit.Infact,theconceptof“urbanrail”isrelativelygenericandbroad,andrefersgenericallytoallkindsofnewpassengerrailtransitsystemswithinshorttomedium

ranges.1.

BodyArailtransitsubwaytraincanhaveadrivingcabornodrivingcab.Thebodyistheplaceforcontainingpassengersandattendants,andthefoundationforinstallingandconnectingotherequipment.Allmodernurbanrailtransitbodiesadoptanoverallloadbearingsteelstructureorlightmetalstructure,andaremoldedatatime.Abodyisusuallydividedintoseveralparts,suchasachassis,endwallsanda

roof.Part

2PassageBogieBogiesareusuallydividedintomotorcarbogiesandspecialtrailerbogies.Abogieisprovidedbetweenthebodyandtrackstotowandguidethecartodrivealongthetracks,bearandtransmitvariousloadsfromthebodyandroute,andrelievethedynamicaction.Abogieisakeypartthatensuressmoothcaroperation.Abogieusuallyconsistsofaframe,aspringsuspension,awheelset

axleboxanda

brake.Traction,bufferingandcoupling

deviceCarsmustbegroupedintoatrainforoperationthroughmechanicalcouplersandhooks.Toimprovethelongitudinalstabilityofthecar,adampingdeviceisusuallyprovidedbehindthehooktorelievethetrain’simpulsesand

impacts.Part

2PassageBrake

systemAbrakesystemisindispensibletothetrain’ssafedriving,andisinstalledoneachcarto

ensurethatthetrainstopswithinthespecified

distance.Current

collectorAcurrentcollectorisusedtointroducethecurrentintothemotorcarfromthecontactnetorconductorrail.Currentcollectorsaredividedintorodtypecurrentcollectors,bow-shapedcurrentcollectors,sidecurrentcollectors,railtypecurrentcollectors,andauxiliarypowersystemsbythemodeofcurrent

collection.BrakesystemofurbanrailtrainsPart

2PassageInterior

equipmentTheinteriorequipmentofarailtransitsubwaytrainincludesfixedauxiliarydevicesservingpassengersanddevicesservingcaroperation,suchaschair,armrest,light,air-conditioning,ventilationandheatingequipment,battery,relaybox,maincontrollerbox,tractionbox,resistorbox,electricswitches,

etc.Electric

systemTheelectricsystemofarailtransitsubwaytrainincludesallelectricdevicesonthetrainandtheircontrolcircuits,usuallyincludingmaincircuits,controlinformationmonitoringcircuits,auxiliarycircuits,

etc.Part

2PassageGenerally,anurbanrailtransitsubwaytrainisdividedintosevenparts:thebody,bogie,traction,bufferingandcouplingdevice,brake,currentcollector,interiorequipment,andelectricsystem.Externalstructuraldiagramof

bodyPart

2Vocabulary1adopt ['?'d?pt]2suspension [s?'spen?n]3longitudinal [l??ɡ?vtju?d?nl]4current ['k?r?nt]v.

采用（某方法）；收養(yǎng)；領(lǐng)養(yǎng)；采取（某態(tài)度）n.（車輛減震用的）懸架；懸浮液adj.

縱的；縱向的；縱觀的；經(jīng)度的n.

電流；（海洋或江河的）水流；氣流；思潮Part

2Vocabulary5circuit ['s??k?t]6buffer ['b?f?(r)]7monitor ['m?n?t?(r)]n.

環(huán)行；電路n.

緩沖器；緩沖物；起緩沖作用的人vt.

監(jiān)視；檢查；跟蹤調(diào)查；監(jiān)聽（電話、外國(guó)無(wú)線電廣播等）Part

2Notes故障診斷系統(tǒng)通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)車輛內(nèi)部設(shè)備主電路受流裝置faultdiagnosis

systemventilationsysteminteriorequipmentmaincircuitscurrent

collectorPart

2Reference

Translation總的來(lái)說(shuō)，一般城市軌道交通地鐵列車被分為七個(gè)部分：車體、轉(zhuǎn)向架、牽引緩沖裝置、制動(dòng)裝置、受流裝置、車輛內(nèi)部設(shè)備、車輛電氣系統(tǒng)。Generally,anurbanrailtransitsubwaytrainisdividedintosevenparts:thebody,bogie,tractionandbufferingdevice,brake,currentcollector,interiorequipment,andelectric

system.Part

3Electric

LocomotivePart3 PassageElectric

locomotivesAnelectriclocomotive,alsoknownasanelectrictrain,referstoatrainthatacquireselectricityfromapowersupplynetwork(overheadlines)orpowerrail,andthendrivesmotorcarstorunthroughamotor.Theelectricityrequiredfortherunningofanelectriclocomotiveissuppliedbythepowersupplysystemoftheelectricrailway.Electricallydrivendiesellocomotivesandgasturbinelocomotivesthathaveageneratingenergysourceordeviceitselfarenotelectric

locomotives.DC

drivingAC

drivingPart3 PassageElectriclocomotivescanbedividedintoDCandACdrivingonesbydrivingmode.DCdrivenlocomotivescanbefurtherdividedintotheDCandACpowersupplytypes.China’sSSelectriclocomotivesareoftheACpowersupplyandDCdrivingtype(AC—DC),whileCHRelectriclocomotivesareoftheACpower

supplyandDCdrivingtype

(AC—DC—AC).Operatingprincipleofelectric

locomotive1.Pantograph;2.Maincircuitbreaker;3.Main

transformer;4.Conversionsiliconunit;5.Voltageregulatingswitch;6.Silicon

unit;7.Maincircuitcabinet;8.Smoothingreactor;9.Traction

motor;10.Phaseconverter;11.Ventilator;12.Traction

ventilator;13.Oilpump;14.Aircompressor;15.Brakingresistorresistor

boxSchematicdiagramofelectricofelectric

locomotivePart

3Vocabulary1turbine ['t??ba?n]2diesel ['di?zl]3absorption [?b'z??p?n]4suspension [s?'spen?n]5innovation [?n?'ve??n]n.

渦輪；汽輪機(jī)；渦輪機(jī)n.

柴油機(jī)；柴油；內(nèi)燃機(jī)車n.（液體、氣體等的）吸收；并入；同化；專心致志n.（車輛減震用的）懸架；懸浮液n.（新事物、思想或方法的）創(chuàng)造；改革；新思想Part

3Notes冷卻塔蓄電池柜空氣管路柜主斷路器空氣壓縮機(jī)主變壓器cooling

towerbattery

cabinetairpipelinecabinetmaincircuitbreakeraircompressormain transformerPart3 Reference

Translation電力機(jī)車、又稱電力火車，是指從供電網(wǎng)（接觸網(wǎng)）或供電軌中獲取電能，再通過(guò)電動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)車輛行駛的火車。電力機(jī)車運(yùn)行所需的電能由電氣化鐵路的供電系統(tǒng)提供，而自身攜帶發(fā)電能源和裝置的電傳動(dòng)內(nèi)燃機(jī)車和燃?xì)鈾C(jī)車則不屬于電力機(jī)車范疇。Anelectriclocomotive,alsoknownasanelectrictrain,referstoatrainthatacquireselectricityfromapowersupplynetwork(overheadlines)orpowerrail,andthendrivesmotorcarstorunthroughamotor.Theelectricityrequiredfortherunningofanelectriclocomotiveissuppliedbythepowersupplysystemoftheelectricrailway.Electricallydrivendiesellocomotivesandgasturbinelocomotivesthathaveageneratingenergysourceordeviceitselfarenotelectric

locomotives.Part4High/Low-speedMaglevTrainsPart4 PassageMaglevtrainsaredividedintothehigh-speedandmedium/low-speedtypes.Itisgenerallythoughtthathigh-speedmaglevtrainsaresuitableforlong-distancetransit,whilemedium/low-speedmaglevtrainssuitableforshort-distancetransit.Amaglevtrainisbasedontheprincipleofattractionofferromagneticmaterialsby

electromagnets1.Differencesbetweenhigh-speedandmedium/low-speedmaglev

trainsFirst,theyhavedifferentdrivingmodes.Second,theyhavedifferentguiding

modes.Third,theyhavedifferentcontrol

modes.Part4 PassageAhigh-speedmaglevtrainreferstoatrainwhosebodylevitatedabovetherailsurface

usinganelectromagneticforce,andwhichisdrivenbyalinear

motor.Thehigh-speedmaglevtransitsystemwithaspeedof600km/hhasfilledupthespeed

gapbetweenaviationandwheel-railhigh-speedrail,andhasgreatstrategicsignificance

inmaintainingChina’sleadershipinhigh-speedtransit,anddrivingthedevelopmentofhigh-endequipmentandemerging

industries.Medium/low-speedmagneticlevitationisaChinesenewtechnologywithindependentintellectualpropertyrights,andalsothemostadvancedtechnologyintheurbanrailtransitsector.Part4 PassageIthastheadvantagesofenvironmentfriendship,highsafety,astrongclimbingcapacity,asmallturningradius,lowconstructioncosts,etc.,issuitablefortransitinurbanareas,betweenclosecities,andinsceniczones,andcanreplacelightrailandsubway.Atrainisgroupedfromthreecars,includingtwoendcarsofthesamestructureandamiddlecar,withaspeedof100—120

km/h.Structureofmaglev

trainPart4 PassageTheendcarshaveapassengercapacityof100each,themiddlecarhasapassengercapacityof120,andtheservicelifeisover25years.Thetrainhasabroadaluminumalloybody,andthesupplyvoltageisraisedfrom750VDCto1,500VDC.Itfeatureslownoise,noradiation,safeandreliableoperation,andaclimbingcapacityof

70‰.Itismoresuitableforrunningoncomplexurbanroutes,andcanreducehouse

demolitioncostsconsiderably.2.Germannormalconductivehigh-speedmaglevTR

systemThemaincomponentsofaTRmaglevtrainincludethesupportingbeams,guidingandbrakingrails,longprimaryironcoresandwindings,andslidingrailsabovetheground;levitationandtractionelectromagnets,guidingandbrakingelectromagnets,supportingsliders,andcarriagesonthe

train.Part4 PassageThelongprimaryironcoresandwindingsarelaidcontinuouslyalongthewholeT-shapedsupportingbeams;thelevitationandtractionelectromagnetsareboththeexcitingelectrodeforthesynchronousmotor,andareusedforlevitation;theslidersandslidingrailsareusedforemergencybrakinginunusual

circumstances.3.Principleof

maglevATRmaglevsystemisanelectromagneticsystem

(EMS).Thebasiccontrolprocessisasfollows:Thegapsensorfixedonthelevitationelectromagnetdetectsthesizeofthegap,andthegapregulatorcontrolstheexcitationcurrentregulatortoadjusttheexcitationcurrent(i.e.,thecurrentofthemaglevelectromagnet)andensurestablemagneticlevitationbasedonthetrain’sspeedandacceleration.Themagneticlevitationgapismaintainedat(10±2)

mm.Part4 PassageTheexcitationcurrentisprovidedbytheonboardbattery,andthelinearmotorchargesthebatterytoensurethelong-termoperationofthe

battery.ControlprincipleofTR

maglevMedium/low-speedmaglev

train.China’smedium/low-speedmaglevtrainthatcouldbeputintocommercialoperationdevelopedindependentlybyCRRCZhuzhouLocomotiveCo.,Ltd.inJanuary2012useselectricmaglevguidingandlinearmotortractiontechnologies.Thetrainisathree-carunit,withamaximumdrivingspeedof100

km/h.Keytechnical

parametersTrainsontheChangshaAirportLine:Themedium/low-speedmaglevtrainisasmall

transportcapacityrailtransitsystemsuitableforurbanaboveground

spaces.Part4 PassageIthasnowheel-railnoise,strongclimbingcapacity,asmallturningradius,andno