云南省2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期12月期末考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1云南省2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期12月期末英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.Makeaplan.B.Continuethework.C.Startanewproject.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Coachandtrainee.B.Motherandson.C.Friends.3.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Gettingontheplane.B.Providingmealservice.C.Makinganannouncement.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Sports.B.Sleepinghabits.C.Physicaldiscomfort.5.Howisthemanprobablyfeeling?A.Confused.B.Annoyed.C.Happy.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whydoesthewomanfeelsorry?A.Hergroupdidn’tfinishontime.B.Hergroupdidn’tperformverywell.C.Hergroupmembersdidn’tgetonwellwitheachother.7.Whomightthemanbe?A.Thewoman’sboss.B.Thewoman’steammember.C.Thewoman’sbusinesspartner.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Howmanyeggsdoesthemanorder?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.9.Howmuchwillthemanpayforhisbreakfast?A.￡6.B.￡7.C.￡8.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atanoffice.B.Atschool.C.Atthewoman’shouse.11.Whenwillthespeakersprobablydotheworktogether?A.OnMonday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.12.Whatwillthemanbringtothewoman’shouse?A.Pizza.B.Juice.C.Icecream.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthewoman’sdestination?A.Mongolia.B.Russia.C.China.14.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shelostherticket.B.Shemissedhertrain.C.Shegottothewrongplatform.15.Whatisthemangoingtofix?A.Abike.B.Acar.C.Atrain.16.Whatisthemangivingthewoman?A.Amap.B.Somefood.C.Somewarmclothes.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofthegraduatingclass?A.Theyaregifted.B.Theyareexperienced.C.Theyarehard-working.18.Whatisthespeakermostlikelytobegoodat?A.Modernpainting.B.Fashiondesign.C.Phototaking.19.Whowillprobablyspeaknext?A.JamesSmith.B.JaneGoodman.C.MichaelWatts.20.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Givingaclass.B.Awardingprizes.C.Hostinganexhibition.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AEstablishedin1984asagrowthprogramforlocalhighschoolstudents,theSimonsSummerResearchProgramnowattractsapplicantsfromallacrossthecountrytotheStonyBrookcampus:SimonsFellowsarematchedwithStonyBrookstudyadvisors,joinaresearchgrouporteam,andassumeresponsibilityforaproject.TheSimonsFellowsconcludetheirprogrambyproducingaresearchposter.Inadditiontolearningvaluabletechniquesandexperiencinglifeatamajorresearchuniversity,SimonsFellowsattendweeklyresearchtalksandtakepartinspecialworkshops,toursandevents.Attheclosingmeetingonposters,studentsarepresentedwithacashaward.Eligibility(資格)●Studentsinterestedinsciencewhohaveshownindependence,creativityandanabilitytodohands-onworkareespeciallyencouragedtoapply.●Applicantsmustbeintheirjunioryear(11thgrade)ofhighschoolatthetimeofapplyingandmustbeatleast16yearsoldbythestartoftheprogram.HousingandpiningDinnerProjectedsummer24programcosts(residential):$2,680(includes$600MealPlanand$60StudentHealthServicesFee)Residential&Commuter(通勤者)Options:Participantsmaychoosetoliveoncampuswithotherstudentresearchersortocommute.Studentswholiveoncampusaretypicallyhousedinadoubleroominauniversityresidencehall,andareresponsibleforpayingtheirownhousingfeesbeforetheprogramstartdate.Pleasenotethatresidentialstudentsarenotallowedtobringacartocampus.1.WhatshouldparticipantsdointheSimonsSummerResearchProgram?A.Visittheirdreamcolleges. B.Designaresearchposter.C.Decideontheirfuturemajor. D.LearnaboutSimons’history.2.Whichofthefollowingisarequirementfortheapplicants?A.Theirage. B.Theirhometownlocation.C.Theirscores. D.Theirvolunteerexperiences.3.Howmuchisthehousingfeeforaresidentialapplicant?A.$2,680. B.$2,620. C.$2,080. D.$2,020.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【語篇解讀】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了西蒙斯暑期研究項目的相關(guān)信息?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“SimonsFellowsarematchedwithStonyBrookstudyadvisors,joinaresearchgrouporteam,andassumeresponsibilityforaproject.TheSimonsFellowsconcludetheirprogrambyproducingaresearchposter.(西蒙斯研究員將與石溪分校的研究顧問配對，加入一個研究小組或團隊，并承擔(dān)一個項目的責(zé)任。西蒙斯研究員通過制作研究海報來結(jié)束他們的項目)”可知，參與者需要設(shè)計一個研究海報。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Eligibility(資格)部分“Applicantsmustbeintheirjunioryear(11thgrade)ofhighschoolatthetimeofapplyingandmustbeatleast16yearsoldbythestartoftheprogram.(申請者在申請時必須是高中二年級（11年級），并且在項目開始時必須至少16歲)”可知，參與者有年齡要求。故選A。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HousingandpiningDinner部分“Projectedsummer24programcosts(residential):$2,680(includes$600MealPlanand$60StudentHealthServicesFee)(預(yù)計24個夏季項目費用（住宿）：2,680美元（包括600美元的膳食計劃和60美元的學(xué)生健康服務(wù)費用）)”可知，住宿費應(yīng)除去膳食費用和健康服務(wù)費用，即，2,680美元—600美元—60美元=2020美元。故選D。BBythetimeNalinKamatwas13,theTorontoteenwaswellonhiswaytobecomingaworkingartist.Hehadalreadyhadhisfirstshowatalocalartcenter,showcasinghisseriestitled“Dispositions”,whichillustratedhisowngrowthduringadolescence(青少年).Yethewantedmore—specificallytostartshowinghisworkinajuriedexhibition,whereagroupofartexpertswouldevaluateandselectpiecesinacompetitivereviewprocess.That’swhenhehitanobstacle,discoveringintheverylastlineofamulti-pageapplicationthattheminimumageforsubmissionwas18.Thatrejectionbecameamotivationforcreation.“Ithoughtit’dbereallycoolifIcouldprovidetheopportunitytomoreyoungartists,”saysNalin,now15.Withthesupportofhisparents,inJanuary2023,NalinrentedastorefrontandfoundedLittleEGGGallery,whichisnowprofitableenoughtomakeendsmeetbychargingasmallhangingfeeforanydisplayedwork.Inturn,LittleEGGhelpspromoteyoungtalentbyshowcasingtheirwork.Notlongafteropening,DavidGriffin,aprofessorandartistofOntarioCollegeofArtandDesignUniversitysteppedintothegalleryandmetNalin.Griffinregardshimassomeonespecial:“astrongyoungartistwithareallyexcellentidea—creatingaspaceforshowingthenaturalgeniusofyoungpeople.Itwasavoid(空白)intheartworld.”ThereNalinaskedGriffintohelpjudgeanupcomingcompetition.Thefirstjuriedshowwaslastspring,andfive-year-oldJackGamblewonforhisabstractpaintingtitledPokemon.AsNalinwasbusywithschool,lifeandhisownart,LittleEGGismostlyopenbyappointmentonly,buthe’sstillcommittedtogrowingitwithseasonalandthemedshowsscheduledafewtimesayear.4.WhatdoweknowaboutNalinKamatfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hedrewteenagers’growthinhiswork. B.Hebecameaworkingartistwhenaged13.C.Hewasdisqualifiedforajuriedexhibition. D.Heshowedhisseriesatthecapitalartcenter.5.WhydidNalindecidetosetupLittleEGGGallery?A.Topromoteartistsbyshowcasingtheirwork.B.Toformtheconnectionbetweendifferentgalleries.C.Toexpandhisownbusinessthroughthemedshows.D.Toshowyoungartists’talentbyofferingthemastage.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeNalin’sideaofopeningthegallery?A.Pioneering. B.Short-lived. C.Popular. D.Unpromising.7.WhatkindofpersonisNalinKamataccordingtothetext?A.Helpfulandcautious. B.Devotedandcreative.C.Humorousandintelligent. D.Knowledgeableandambitious.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了15歲的多倫多青少年納林·卡馬特因為無法參加評審展覽而受挫，但這激發(fā)了他為更多年輕藝術(shù)家提供展示機會的決心。在父母的支持下，他創(chuàng)辦了LittleEGGGallery的故事?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“That’swhenhehitanobstacle,discoveringintheverylastlineofamulti-pageapplicationthattheminimumageforsubmissionwas18.(就在那時，他遇到了一個障礙，在一份多頁申請表的最后一行發(fā)現(xiàn)提交作品的最低年齡是18歲。)”可知，NalinKamat因為年齡問題而被取消了參加評審展覽的資格。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段““Ithoughtit’dbereallycoolifIcouldprovidetheopportunitytomoreyoungartists,”saysNalin,now15.Withthesupportofhisparents,inJanuary2023,NalinrentedastorefrontandfoundedLittleEGGGallery,whichisnowprofitableenoughtomakeendsmeetbychargingasmallhangingfeeforanydisplayedwork.(“我想，如果我能為更多的年輕藝術(shù)家提供機會，那就太棒了，”現(xiàn)年15歲的納林說。在父母的支持下，納林于2023年1月租了一個店面，并創(chuàng)辦了LittleEGGGallery，現(xiàn)在這家畫廊通過向任何展示的作品收取小額懸掛費，已經(jīng)足夠盈利來維持生計了。)”可知，他創(chuàng)辦LittleEGGGallery的目的是為了給年輕藝術(shù)家提供一個展示才華的舞臺。故選D。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thatrejectionbecameamotivationforcreation.“Ithoughtit’dbereallycoolifIcouldprovidetheopportunitytomoreyoungartists,”saysNalin,now15.Withthesupportofhisparents,inJanuary2023,NalinrentedastorefrontandfoundedLittleEGGGallery(那次拒絕成為了他創(chuàng)作的動力?！拔蚁耄绻夷転楦嗟哪贻p藝術(shù)家提供機會，那就太棒了，”現(xiàn)年15歲的納林說。在父母的支持下，納林于2023年1月租了一個店面，并創(chuàng)辦了LittleEGGGallery。)”根據(jù)第四段“astrongyoungartistwithareallyexcellentidea—creatingaspaceforshowingthenaturalgeniusofyoungpeople.Itwasavoid( 空白)intheartworld.”（一個有著非常優(yōu)秀想法的強大年輕藝術(shù)家——為展示年輕人的天才創(chuàng)造了一個空間。這是藝術(shù)界的一個空白）可知，Nalin想要為更多的年輕藝術(shù)家提供機會，于是他租了一個店面并創(chuàng)辦了LittleEGGGallery，這是一個創(chuàng)新的想法，因此可以用pioneering（開創(chuàng)性的）來形容他的想法。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“BythetimeNalinKamatwas13,theTorontoteenwaswellonhiswaytobecomingaworkingartist.(到納林·卡馬特13歲時，這位多倫多少年已經(jīng)踏上了成為職業(yè)藝術(shù)家的道路。)”、根據(jù)文章第二段“That’swhenhehitanobstacle,discoveringintheverylastlineofamulti-pageapplicationthattheminimumageforsubmissionwas18.(就在那時，他遇到了一個障礙，在一份多頁申請表的最后一行發(fā)現(xiàn)提交作品的最低年齡是18歲。)”和文章第三段“Thatrejectionbecameamotivationforcreation.“Ithoughtit’dbereallycoolifIcouldprovidetheopportunitytomoreyoungartists,”saysNalin,now15.Withthesupportofhisparents,inJanuary2023,NalinrentedastorefrontandfoundedLittleEGGGallery(那次拒絕成為了他創(chuàng)作的動力?！拔蚁?，如果我能為更多的年輕藝術(shù)家提供機會，那就太棒了，”現(xiàn)年15歲的納林說。在父母的支持下，納林于2023年1月租了一個店面，并創(chuàng)辦了LittleEGGGallery。)”可知，NalinKamat在13歲時就舉辦了自己的畫展，并且因為無法參加評審展覽而創(chuàng)辦了LittleEGGGallery，展示年輕藝術(shù)家的作品。這些行為表明他是一個有創(chuàng)造力和奉獻精神的人，因此選項B：Devotedandcreative(有奉獻精神和創(chuàng)造力的)最符合他的特點。故選B。CManycitiesintheUnitedStatescouldgrowtheirownfoodlocally,raisingenoughcropsandcattletomeettheneedsofallresidents.ThisisthefindingofaninterestingnewmodelingstudyfromTuftsUniversity,whichanalyzedthepotentialforlocalfoodproductionin378areasacrosstheUSandexpectedfoodproduction.TheresearchersfoundthatcitiesintheNorthwestintheUnitedStateshadthegreatestpotentialtoraisetheirownfood.CitiesalongtheEasternseasideandintheSouthwesthadtheleastpotentialandwouldnotbeabletomeetalltheirownneedsofdiet,evenifeveryacreofagriculturallandwasusedforfoodproduction.Thismakessense,asmanyofthecitiesarecoastalandlackroomforagriculturalspreading.ThestudyrevealedthattheUnitedStateshaveextraagriculturallandforfeedingthedomesticpopulation.Currently,somelandisusedtoraiseexportcrops,butafocusonlocalfoodproductionwouldstartaconversationabouthowthatlandgetsused.InthewordsofPeters,leadauthorandassociateprofessorattheFriedmanSchoolofNutritionScienceandPolicyatTufts,“Itwouldbeimportanttomakesurepoliciesforsupportinglocalorregionalfoodproductionbenefitconservationandcreateopportunitiesforfarmerstoadoptmoresustainable(可持續(xù)的)practices.Policiesshouldalsorecognizetheabilityofthenaturalresourcesinagivenlocalorregionandconsiderthesupplychain,includingabilityforfoodprocessingandstorage.”Althoughit’safarcryfromthecurrentreality,itisanicethoughttoimaginecitiessurroundedbyfoodproductionoperationsthattransportfreshlyharvestedfoodtonearbyhomes,andthenmakeuseoftheleftoverfoodtofertilizefieldsandgenerateheatforgreenhouses.8.WhydothecitiesalongtheEasternseasidefailtoprovideenoughfood?A.Becausecitizensareunwillingtogrowcrops.B.Becausethemethodsoffoodproductionarewrong.C.Becausetheydon’thaveenoughlandtogrowcrops.D.Becausetheirclimatelimitstheagriculturalproduction.9.Whatwillthefocusonlocalfoodproductionleadto?A.Morejobopportunitiesforcitizens.B.Conversationswiththelocalgovernment.C.Adiscussiononhowtomakeuseofland.D.Morespecificpoliciesaboutwaterresources.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“afarcryfrom”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Closelyrelatedto. B.Verydifferentfrom.C.Exactlythesameas. D.Slightlydifferentfrom.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthistext?A.TheUSGovernmentStopsWastingFoodB.CitiesLearntoGrowFoodFromtheVillagesC.FarmersHaveMoreChancestoBeEmployedD.ManyCitiesintheUSCanGrowTheirOwnFood【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。塔夫茨大學(xué)一項有趣的新模型研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)美國的許多城市可以在當(dāng)?shù)胤N植自己的糧食，種植和養(yǎng)殖足夠的莊稼和牲畜，以滿足所有居民的需求?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“CitiesalongtheEasternseasideandintheSouthwesthadtheleastpotentialandwouldnotbeabletomeetalltheirownneedsofdiet,evenifeveryacreofagriculturallandwasusedforfoodproduction.Thismakessense,asmanyofthecitiesarecoastalandlackroomforagriculturalspreading.(東部沿海城市和西南部城市的潛力最小，即使每英畝農(nóng)田都用于糧食生產(chǎn)，它們也無法滿足自身對飲食的全部需求。這是有道理的，因為許多城市都是沿海城市，缺乏農(nóng)業(yè)擴張的空間)”可知，東部沿海城市無法提供足夠的食物是因為他們沒有足夠的土地種植莊稼。故選C項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Currently,somelandisusedtoraiseexportcrops,butafocusonlocalfoodproductionwouldstartaconversationabouthowthatlandgetsused.(目前，一些土地用于種植出口作物，但關(guān)注當(dāng)?shù)丶Z食生產(chǎn)將引發(fā)有關(guān)這些土地如何利用的討論)”可知，對當(dāng)?shù)丶Z食生產(chǎn)的關(guān)注將引發(fā)對如何利用土地的討論。故選C項。【10題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“Althoughit’safarcryfromthecurrentreality,itisanicethoughttoimaginecitiessurroundedbyfoodproductionoperationsthattransportfreshlyharvestedfoodtonearbyhomes,andthenmakeuseoftheleftoverfoodtofertilizefieldsandgenerateheatforgreenhouses.(盡管這與當(dāng)前的現(xiàn)實，但想象一下被食品生產(chǎn)企業(yè)包圍的城市是一個不錯的想法，這些企業(yè)將新鮮收獲的食物運送到附近的家庭，然后利用剩下的食物給田地施肥，為溫室供暖)”以及其中but和imagine可知，前面的內(nèi)容與實際情況是不一樣的，所以猜測afarcryfrom應(yīng)表示“與……不同的”的意思。故選B項?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“ManycitiesintheUnitedStatescouldgrowtheirownfoodlocally,raisingenoughcropsandcattletomeettheneedsofallresidents.ThisisthefindingofaninterestingnewmodelingstudyfromTuftsUniversity,whichanalyzedthepotentialforlocalfoodproductionin378areasacrosstheUSandexpectedfoodproduction.(美國的許多城市可以在當(dāng)?shù)胤N植自己的糧食，種植足夠的作物和牲畜來滿足所有居民的需求。這是塔夫茨大學(xué)一項有趣的新建模研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)，該研究分析了美國378個地區(qū)的當(dāng)?shù)丶Z食生產(chǎn)潛力和預(yù)期糧食生產(chǎn))”可知，文章主要是講一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)美國的許多城市可以在當(dāng)?shù)胤N植自己的糧食，種植和養(yǎng)殖足夠的莊稼和牲畜，以滿足所有居民的需求。故D項“ManyCitiesintheUSCanGrowTheirOwnFood(美國的很多城市可以種植自己的糧食)”可以作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選D項。D“TieanItalian’shandsbehindhisback,”runsanoldjoke,“andhe’llbespeechless.”Thisrestsonanationalstereotype:Italiansaretalkativeandemotional,andallthatarm-wagglingsupposedlygoestoproveit.SusanMeadowoftheUniversityofChicagohasaratherdifferentview.Emotionscomeoutinlotsofways:facialexpressions,posture,toneofvoiceandsoon.Butpeoplearedoingsomethingdifferentwhentheyusegestureswithspeech,whichshesumsupinthetitleofhernewbook,“ThinkingwithYourHands”.Itisamasterlytourthroughalifetime’sresearch.Virtuallyeveryonegestures,notjustItalians.Experimentalsubjects,toldafteraresearchsessionthattheywerebeingwatchedforgestures,apologizefornothavingmadeany—butweredoingsotheentiretime.Peoplebornblindgesturewhentheyspeak,includingtoeachother.Awomanbornwithoutarmsbutwith“phantomlimbsyndrome(幻肢綜合征)”describeshowsheusesherphantomarmswhenshetalks—butnotwhenshewalks.Allthissuggeststhatcognition(認(rèn)知)is,tosomeextent,“embodied”;thinkingisnotalldoneinyourhead.Infact,gesturesthataccompanyspeechareasecondchannelofinformation.Subjectswatchafilminwhichacatrunsbutaretoldtolieandsayitjumped.Theydosoinwords—whiletheirhandsmakearunningmotion.Peoplewhosaytheybelieveinsexualequalitybutgesturewiththeirhandslowerwhentalkingaboutwomenarenotindicatingwomen’sheight;theycanbeshowntohavebiases(偏見)ofwhichtheymaybeunaware.In“TheCrown”,ahistoricaldramaseries,LadyDianaiswarnedthatherhandsmaybetrayherrealemotions,whichcouldbedangerous;theyaretiedtogethersoshecanlearntospeakwithoutgesticulating.NoonewhoreadsSusan’sbookcouldeveragainthinkthatgesturingshowsonlyalackofcontrol.Itisaboutthinkingandcommunication,andisacomplexaidtoboth.12.WhydoestheauthormentiontheoldjokeinParagraph1?A.Topresentanargument. B.Todescribeascene.C.Toleadinthetopic. D.Toclarifyadoubt.13.WhichstatementwillSusanMeadowprobablyagreewith?A.Thedisabledseldomusegestures. B.Gesturesliterallyembodycognition.C.Thinkingonlyoccursinthebrain. D.Gesturesareimproperincommunication.14.Whatdoestheauthortrytoproveinthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Gesturesmayexpresswhatthespeakerreallythinks.B.Peopleareunawareofthemeaningsoftheirgestures.C.Gesturingduringspeechshowsonlyalackofcontrol.D.Speakerscanliemoreeasilywiththehelpofgestures.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebestsummaryofthetext?A.Speechisadirectchannelofinformation.B.Gesturesmakeavitalformofcommunication.C.Italian’sbodylanguagerepresentsanationalstereotype.D.“ThinkingwithYourHands”isalifetime’sresearchforSusanMeadow.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了手勢在交流和思考中的重要性，打破了只有意大利人才手勢豐富的刻板印象，并通過實驗和研究證明了手勢是信息的第二渠道，能夠真實反映人們的認(rèn)知和想法?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“‘TieanItalian’shandsbehindhisback,’runsanoldjoke,‘a(chǎn)ndhe’llbespeechless.’Thisrestsonanationalstereotype:Italiansaretalkativeandemotional,andallthatarm-wagglingsupposedlygoestoproveit.(“把意大利人的手綁在背后，”一個老笑話說道，“他就會說不出話來。”這是基于一種國家刻板印象：意大利人健談且情緒化，所有那些揮舞手臂的動作據(jù)說都證明了這一點)”可知，作者在第一段提到這個老笑話是為了引出關(guān)于意大利人手勢豐富、健談且情緒化的刻板印象，進而引出下文對于手勢在交流和思考中作用的探討。因此，作者提到這個老笑話是為了引入話題。故選C項。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“SusanMeadowoftheUniversityofChicagohasaratherdifferentview.Emotionscomeoutinlotsofways:facialexpressions,posture,toneofvoiceandsoon.Butpeoplearedoingsomethingdifferentwhentheyusegestureswithspeech,whichshesumsupinthetitleofhernewbook,“ThinkingwithYourHands”.(芝加哥大學(xué)的SusanMeadow有不同的看法，情緒以多種方式表現(xiàn)出來：面部表情、姿勢、語調(diào)等等。但當(dāng)人們用手勢配合言語時，他們就在做不同的事情了。她在她的新書《用手思考》的標(biāo)題中總結(jié)了這一點)”和第三段中“Allthissuggeststhatcognition(認(rèn)知)is,tosomeextent,‘embodied’;thinkingisnotalldoneinyourhead.(所有這些都表明，認(rèn)知在某種程度上是‘具身的’；思考并不完全是在你的頭腦中進行的)”可知，SusanMeadow認(rèn)為人們在使用手勢與語言時實際上在做一些不同的事情，并強調(diào)手勢是思考和交流的一部分，思考并不完全是在頭腦中進行，人們用手勢配合言語時是在“用手思考”，因此，她可能會同意“手勢實際上體現(xiàn)了認(rèn)知”這一說法。故選B項?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Infact,gesturesthataccompanyspeechareasecondchannelofinformation.(事實上，伴隨言語的手勢是信息的第二渠道)”和“Peoplewhosaytheybelieveinsexualequalitybutgesturewiththeirhandslowerwhentalkingaboutwomenarenotindicatingwomen’sheight;theycanbeshowntohavebiases(偏見)ofwhichtheymaybeunaware.(那些說他們相信性別平等但在談?wù)撆詴r手勢較低的人，其實并不是在指示女性的身高；這表明他們可能有自己未曾意識到的偏見)”；最后一段中“In‘TheCrown’,ahistoricaldramaseries,LadyDianaiswarnedthatherhandsmaybetrayherrealemotions,whichcouldbedangerous;theyaretiedtogethersoshecanlearntospeakwithoutgesticulating.(在歷史劇《王冠》中，戴安娜王妃被警告說，她的手可能會泄露她的真實情感，這可能是危險的；它們被綁在一起，這樣她就可以學(xué)習(xí)不用手勢說話了)”可知，作者通過舉例說明了手勢能夠真實反映人們的想法和偏見，即使人們口頭上說的和內(nèi)心想的不一致。因此，作者在最后兩段試圖證明手勢可能表達出說話者真正的想法。故選A項。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，尤其結(jié)合第四段中“Infact,gesturesthataccompanyspeechareasecondchannelofinformation.(事實上，伴隨言語的手勢是信息的第二渠道)”和最后一段中“NoonewhoreadsSusan’sbookcouldeveragainthinkthatgesturingshowsonlyalackofcontrol.Itisaboutthinkingandcommunication,andisacomplexaidtoboth.(讀過蘇珊這本書的人再也不會認(rèn)為手勢只是缺乏控制的表現(xiàn)。它是關(guān)于思考和交流的，是對兩者的復(fù)雜輔助)”可知，文章主要講述了手勢在交流和思考中的重要性，打破了關(guān)于手勢的刻板印象，并通過實驗和研究證明了手勢是信息的第二渠道，能夠真實反映人們的認(rèn)知和想法。因此，“手勢是交流的一種重要形式”是文章內(nèi)容的最佳概括。故選B項。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Homeautomationisnothingnew.It’sbeenaroundforyearsnow.______16______Andwhensomethingisnew,peoplehavetobedoubtfulaboutit.So,herewearewithtonsofwidespreadmythsaroundhomeautomation.Let’scheckoutwhatunbelievablemythsweencouragedandwhyyouneedtostopbelievingthem.Myth1:HomeautomationistooexpensiveThemostcommonmisunderstandingis—Ican’taffordit!Itisnotyourfaultifyouthinkit’stooexpensive.______17______Actually,homeautomationdeviceswerequitepriceyinitially,butthingshavechangednow.Smarthomeproductsnowadaysaresimpleandprogrammabledevicesthatareaffordabletomanyhomeowners.Myth2:_______18_______Mostpeoplethinkthathomeautomationdevicesandsystemsaresomedevicesoutofaspymovie.Itisacommonmyththatyoumustbeatechietousethedevicesormakechanges.However,itisnottrue.______19______Eventhoughitseemslikeachallengingtask,allittakesisasimpletouchtocontrolyourhome.Myth3:SmartdeviceswillbecomeoutdatedafterafewyearsofpurchaseAnothercommonmythisthatsmarthomeautomationtechnologywillbecomeoutofdateaftersometime.Firstly,allefficienthomeautomationdevicesarefuturisticallydesigned.Secondly,mosthomeautomationcompaniesprovideupdatesthatareeasytoinstallandkeepthemup-to-date.Smarthomeautomationisanewtechnology.______20______Thus,don’tletthemythsandtechnicaltermsabouthomeautomationscareyou!Theproductsthatpowerthesmarthomearelightyearsawayfromthemytharoundthem.A.Afterall,it’sanewtechnology.B.Homeautomationneedstechnicalknowledge.C.Youdon’thavetobeatech-mastertoliveinasmarthome.D.Thispowerfultechnologyhasmanybenefitsforhomeowners.E.Homeautomationdevicesareforeveryhomeregardlessofitssizeandshape.F.Youcanreduceyourpowerconsumption,energywastageandsavemoneyinthelongrun.G.Butsmarthomeswithautomationsystemsforefficientlighting,temperature,andsecurityarenewfields.【答案】16.G17.A18.B19.C20.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要解釋了一些關(guān)于家居自動化的三個神話和誤解?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Homeautomationisnothingnew.It’sbeenaroundforyearsnow.(家庭自動化并不是什么新鮮事。它已經(jīng)存在好幾年了)”以及后文“Andwhensomethingisnew,peoplehavetobedoubtfulaboutit.So,herewearewithtonsofwidespreadmythsaroundhomeautomation.Let’scheckoutwhatunbelievablemythsweencouragedandwhyyouneedtostopbelievingthem.(當(dāng)一件新事物出現(xiàn)時，人們不得不對它持懷疑態(tài)度。所以，這里我們有很多關(guān)于家庭自動化的普遍誤解。讓我們來看看我們鼓勵了哪些令人難以置信的神話，以及為什么你需要停止相信它們)”可知，上文提到了家庭自動化，而后文提到了新事物，可知本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，介紹一種新的關(guān)于家庭自動化的事物。故G選項“但是，擁有高效照明、溫度和安全自動化系統(tǒng)的智能家居是新的領(lǐng)域”符合語境，故選G。【17題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Themostcommonmisunderstandingis—Ican’taffordit!Itisnotyourfaultifyouthinkit’stooexpensive.(最常見的誤解是——我買不起！如果你覺得太貴，那不是你的錯)”可知，上文提到了覺得太貴不是你的錯，本句承接上文說明原因：這是一項新技術(shù)，所以昂貴。故A選項“畢竟，這是一項新技術(shù)”符合語境，故選A。【18題詳析】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Mostpeoplethinkthathomeautomationdevicesandsystemsaresomedevicesoutofaspymovie.Itisacommonmyththatyoumustbeatechietousethedevicesormakechanges.However,itisnottrue.(大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為家庭自動化設(shè)備和系統(tǒng)是間諜電影中的一些設(shè)備。你必須是一個技術(shù)人員才能使用這些設(shè)備或做出改變，這是一個普遍的誤解。然而，事實并非如此)”可知，本段解釋的神話主要關(guān)于家庭自動化設(shè)備需要專業(yè)人士才能使用，即自動化需要技術(shù)知識。故B選項“家庭自動化需要技術(shù)知識”符合語境，故選B。【19題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Eventhoughitseemslikeachallengingtask,allittakesisasimpletouchtocontrolyourhome.(盡管這看起來是一項具有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務(wù)，但只需要簡單的觸摸就可以控制你的家)”可知，后文提到只需要簡單的觸摸就可以控制你的家，說明不需要成為技術(shù)大師也能生活在智能家居中，故C選項“你不需要成為技術(shù)大師才能生活在智能家居中”符合語境，故選C?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Smarthomeautomationisanewtechnology.(智能家居自動化是一項新興技術(shù))”以及后文“Thus,don’tletthemythsandtechnicaltermsabouthomeautomationscareyou!Theproductsthatpowerthesmarthomearelightyearsawayfromthemytharoundthem.(因此，不要讓關(guān)于家庭自動化的神話和技術(shù)術(shù)語嚇到你！為智能家居提供動力的產(chǎn)品離圍繞它們的神話還有光年之遙)”可知，上文提到了智能家庭自動化是一項新興技術(shù)，結(jié)合文章主要說明了智能家居自動化的一些好處，故D選項“這項強大的技術(shù)對房主有很多好處”符合語境，故選D。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Atjust14yearsold,HemanBekelefromVirginiastoodoutasthewinnerofthe2023YoungScientistChallenge.Amongthetenfinalistshe____21____thetitleof“America’sTopYoungScientist”withhis____22____creationknownastheSkinCancerTreatingSoap(SCTS),abarofsoapcreatedfortheveryfirsttimeatalowcosttotreatmelanoma,themostcommonkindofskincancer.Ratherthanacure,Bekele’sbrilliantidea____23____thedevelopmentofasoapthataimstohelpthepatient’scellsstayactivewhilefightingmelanoma.Healwayshasendlesspassionforbiologyandtechnology,andtheYoungScientistChallengejust____24____himwiththeperfectplatformtodisplayhisideas.Reflectingonhis____25____,Bekelesharedthathischildhoodexperiencehadplayedacrucialrolein____26____hisnovelthinking.“Havingwitnessedpeopleworktirelesslyunderthesun,Iwantedtoraisepeople’sawarenessof____27____relatedtoconstantsunexposure.”“Iwantedtomakemyideaaccessibletoabroadaudience,”Bckeleremarkedduringaninterviewwiththemedia.Bekeloalsopassionatelyexpressedhis____28____ofturningthesoapintoaworldwhereskincancertreatmentiswithin____29____forall.Hewasgratefulthathehadreceivedinvaluable_____30_____fromaproductengineeringspecialist,whoconnectedhimwithotherscientiststo_____31_____himtoreachhisambitiousplans.Whilesimilarmethodsareavailableforskincancertreatments,hissolutionisamore_____32_____option.Inthefuture,Bckelelongsto_____33_____hisinventionbytrialanderrorandestablishanonprofitorganization_____34_____toprovidingfairskincancertreatmenttoasmanypeopleaspossible,bringing_____35_____inthebattleagainstskincancer.21.A.kept B.desired C.defended D.won22.A.strict B.instant C.novel D.common23.A.focuseson B.relieson C.putson D.agreeson24.A.armed B.satisfied C.provided D.assisted25.A.profession B.inspiration C.determination D.imagination26.A.shaping B.showing C.quitting D.obeying27.A.risks B.disasters C.challenges D.advantages28.A.fear B.doubt C.dream D.surprise29.A.distance B.reach C.limit D.space30.A.guidance B.welcome C.praise D.invitation31.A.require B.remind C.press D.aid32.A.fashionable B.affordable C.adaptable D.capable33.A.picture B.clear C.control D.perfect34.A.used B.addicted C.devoted D.opposed35.A.recognition B.hope C.comfort D.impact【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.C25.B26.A27.A28.C29.B30.A31.D32.B33.D34.C35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了14歲的HemanBekele憑借其創(chuàng)新的皮膚癌治療肥皂(SCTS)在2023年青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽中脫穎而出，成為“美國頂尖青年科學(xué)家”，并介紹了他的發(fā)明靈感、過程及未來愿景。