山東省德州市優(yōu)高聯(lián)盟九校聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省德州市優(yōu)高聯(lián)盟九校聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月考試英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdidthewomanorder?A.Dumplings. B.Noodles. C.Duck.【答案】C【原文】W:Thefoodatthisrestauranthasimprovedalot.M:Yes,Ididn’tliketheirnoodles,butthey’regreatnow.Samewiththedumplings.W:Icouldeatmyduckalloveragain.2.Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?A.Makeameal. B.Seeamovie. C.Buyicecreams.【答案】B【原文】M:Idon’twanttowatchTV.I’mfeelingactive.Shallwegoforarun?W:ButIwaslookingforwardtoanafternoonofwatchingromanticfilmsandeatingicecreams.Perhapswecouldmakeadeal—watchafilmathome,thenhaveanicewalk?M:OK,let’sdothatthen.3.Whichisprobablythewoman’sfavoritepartoftheOlympics?A.Theice-skatingevents.B.Theopeningceremonies.C.Theathletes’interviews.【答案】B【原文】M:DidyouwatchtheOlympicice-skatingevents?NathanChenwasamazing!W:Oh,Iusuallyonlywatchtheopeningceremonies.Theyaremoreinterestingthansports.M:Buttheskatingandskiingeventsarethebestpart.Plus,theinterviewsaresoheart-warming!4.Wherewilltheexamresultsbeposted?A.Ontheschoolwebsite.B.Tothestudents’house.C.Atthenoticeboard.【答案】A【原文】W:Doyouknowiftheyarepostingtheexamresultsattheschoolnoticeboardlikelastyear?M:Notthistime.They’llpostthemonthewebsite,soyou’llbeabletoseetheminyourhouse.5.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Dothingslater. B.Askforhelp. C.Makealist.【答案】C【原文】W:Ihavesomanyjobstodo.Idon’tknowwheretostart.Iendupeitherdoingnothingorputtingjobsoffuntillater.Canyouhelpme?M:WhenI’minthatkindofsituation,Imakeato-dolistandworkthroughthem.Trydoingthat.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatisthemandoing?A.Askingfordirections.B.Conductingaresearch.C.Shoppingforsomething.7.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inashop. B.Inaschool. C.Inasciencemuseum.【答案】6.A7.B【原文】M:Excuseme,Ihaveanappointmentwiththeheadmaster.Couldyoutellmewherehisofficeis,please?W:Yes.Youneedtogouptothesecondfloor,andwalktotheendofthehall.There’sadoortotheright.Gothroughthedoor,you’llseeasciencelab.Theheadmaster’sofficeisontheright-handside.M:Istherealift?W:Yes,thereis.It’sjustoverthere,nexttotheoffice.M:IsthereatoiletIcoulduse,please?W:Yes,ifyoujustwalkthroughthecanteen,you’llseeitattheend.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Thewoman’sinterview.B.Thewoman’sgraduation.C.Thewoman’sbusinessdevelopment.9.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’sidea?A.It’suseless. B.It’sterrible. C.It’swonderful.【答案】8.A9.C【原文】M:SoMissGreen,telluswhyyou’rethebestpersonforthisjob?W:I’mfreshoutofuniversity,andIgraduatedtopofmyyear.M:Butyouhavenoexperienceinthissortoffield.W:No,butwhatIdohaveislotsofenergyandideas.M:Canyousharesomeideaswithusaboutourbusinessandhowwecouldgrow?W:Certainly.I’mactuallyacustomerofyoursandInoticeyoustillsendpaperletters.M:Yes,togiveourcustomersinformationonourlatestoffers(報價).W:Iwouldsuggesttakingadvantageofemailorsocialmedia.M:That’sagreatidea.Thatcouldsaveourcostalot.W:Exactly.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Acouple. B.Colleagues. C.Salespersonandcustomer.11.Howmanyshopshavethespeakersvisitedintotal?A.Two. B.Three. C.Ten.12.Whichcoloristhespeaker’sexistingsofa?A.Grey-blue. B.Green-blue. C.Black-blue.【答案】10.A11.B12.C【原文】M:Dowehavetokeepgoingtoalltheseboringshops?I’dratherbeatwork.W:Ifyouwantanewsofaforourlivingroomlikeyourfriend’s,thenyes.Comeon,thiswillbethelastplacewevisit.M:Thencanwegohome?I’msohungry.I’venoteatenanythingsincebreakfastandwemusthavewalkedtenmilesormore!W:We’veonlybeentotwoshopsbeforethisone!Wehaven’twalkedanywherenearthatdistance.M:Well,itfeelslikewehave.W:Howaboutthissofa?It’sbluelikeyouhavealwayswantedanditfeelsreallynicewhenyousitinit.Goon,haveafeel.M:No,Idon’tlikethelookofit.It’stoodark.Iwantgrey-blue.W:Well,howaboutthisone?M:No,thatoneisgreen-blue.Itremindsmeoftheseaside,andyouknowhowmuchIhatetheseaside.W:You’renotreallymakingthisveryeasy,areyou?OK,youwin.Let’sgohome.Wecankeepthesofawe’vealreadygot.It’sblack-blue—closeenough!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13.Whathappenedtothereport?A.Itwaslost. B.Itwascopied. C.Itwasdamaged.14.WhatwasthelastthingJessicadidtothereport?A.Readingit. B.Savingit. C.Closingitdown.15.WhocausedtheproblemaccordingtoJessica?A.Herfather. B.Herbrother. C.Hermother.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.AskGarytocheckhercomputer.B.BuyanewcomputerfromGary.C.Rewritethereport.【答案】13.A14.C15.B16.A【原文】W:Idon’tbelieveit.It’sgone.Mywholereporthasdisappeared.M:Whatdoyoumean?W:Ifinishedmyreportonthecomputer—abouttwothousandwords,andthenIsavedit.Butnowit’snotthere.M:Oh,Jessica,itcan’tbetrue.Areyousureyousavedit?W:Yes.Ireadthereportthroughtocheckit.IcorrectedmymistakesandthenIsaveditbeforeclosingitdown.M:Oh,I’msosorrytohearthat.Haveyoumadeacopyofit?W:No.Ijustcan’tfacewritingitallagain.Youknowwhat?Ithinkmylittlebrotherisbehindthis.M:Whatdoyoumean?W:Thereareneveranyproblemswiththecomputerwhenmymomanddaduseit.Butwhenmybrotherusesit,healwaysmessesaboutwiththings,changingthesettingsandtryingtobeclever.M:Andyouthinkthat’swhyyourreportwasn’tsaved?W:I’mprettymuchcertainaboutit.I’llaskhimwhenIseehim.M:Listen,Garyisreallygoodwithcomputers.Whynotaskhimtocomeoverandhavealookatyours?Maybehecandosomethingtogetyourreportback.W:Isupposeanythingisworthatry.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Workers. B.Passengers. C.Children.18.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Sellingabook. B.Teachingaclass. C.Introducinghimself.19.Whatisthebookabout?A.Factsaboutsteamtrains. B.Storiesaboutavillage. C.Thestudyofcoal.20.Whatclosedmanyyearsago?A.Theschool. B.Thestation. C.Theshop.【答案】17.C18.C19.A20.B【原文】Thankyousomuchforhavingmeheretoday.ThelasttimeIwasinthishall,Iwassittingexactlywhereyouare,becauseIwenttothisschoolasachild.NowhereIamtodayasanadulttotellyoualittlebitaboutwhatIdo.It’sstrangebecauseIrememberthishallasbeingsomuchbigger!Anyway,letmetellyoualittlebitaboutme.MynameisJamesBlackandIwritebooks.Butmybooksaren’tthestorybooksyourteacherreadstoyouattheendoftheday.Theyarefulloffacts.Whatsortoffacts?Well,Imainlywriteaboutsteam(蒸汽)trains.Yousee,onceuponatime,therewasarailwaystationinthisvillage,justbytheshop,andsteamtrainsusedtovisitonceaday.Sadly,thestationcloseddownmanyyearsago,butIstillrememberthewaytheysounded,thewaytheysmelt,thewayIwouldgetbitsofcoaldustinmyeyes…Anyway,whenIgotolder,Idecidedtowriteabookaboutthem.Andhereitis!Now,letmeshowyousomeofthepictures…第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。ACrissyFieldPLANYOURVISITCrissyField:983MarineDrive(濱海大道)SanFrancisco,CA94129(415)561-3040FreeaccessonweekdaysReservationsonlineforpermissionareneededonweekends.ABOUTTHEPARKTheParksConservancy’ssignatureproject,CrissyFieldwastransformedstartingin2001fromaformermilitaryairfieldintoabelovednationalparksite

throughthegenerosityoftheEvelynandWalterHaas,Jr.FundandColleenandRobertHaas,aswellasthousandsofcommunityvolunteersanddonors.Today,therestoredCrissyFieldisastunningplacetowalkorbikeonaflat,hard-packedpromenadewithtypicalviewsoftheBayandGoldenGateBridge.Abeautifulandmuch-lovedtrailwindsthroughCrissyFieldbetweenMarinaGreenandFortPoint.You’llfindbeaches,picnictables,tidalmarshoverlooks,renownedwindsurfing,andaforestthathasbeentrulytransformedintoaplaceforall.TheCrissyFieldCenter

at

Building603alongMasonSt.

servesas

adynamichubofyouthengagement.

TRAILS&ACTIVITIESTrailsDetailsMASONSTREETBIKEPATHTRAILCRISSYFIELDWATERFRONTWALKEASTCRISSYTRAILCRISSYFIELDPROMENADETRAILDifficultyEasyMostdifficultEasiestEasyLength2.5milesround-trip2.2milesone-waytrip1.91milesone-waytrip3.44milesround-tripTypeCyclingHikingBirdingForestbathing21.WhatisamusttoensureentryintotheparknextSunday?A.Makingacallat(415)561-3040.B.Takingataxito983MarineDrive.C.Pre-bookingtheticketforadmission.D.WritingtoCrissyFieldbeforenextSunday.22.Whatcanweknowaboutthepark?A.Theforestinitappealstotheyouthmost.B.Youcan’tplananoutdoormealinthepark.C.ItboastsamagnificentviewofGoldenGateBridge.D.Itusedtobeacommunitybuiltbyvolunteersanddonors.23.Whichtrailistheshortestinlength?A.MASONSTREETBIKEPATHTRAIL.B.CRISSYFIELDWATERFRONTWALK.C.EASTCRISSYTRAIL.D.CRISSYFIELDPROMENADETRAIL.【答案】21.C22.C23.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了CrissyField公園及其活動路線等信息。【21題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Reservationsonlineforpermissionareneededonweekends.(周末需要在網(wǎng)上預(yù)約獲得許可)”可知，參觀CrissyField公園需要在周末提前預(yù)約，因此確保下周日進入公園的必須步驟是在線預(yù)訂門票。故選C?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Today,therestoredCrissyFieldisastunningplacetowalkorbikeonaflat,hard-packedpromenadewithtypicalviewsoftheBayandGoldenGateBridge.(如今，經(jīng)過修復(fù)的CrissyField是一個令人驚嘆的地方，在平坦、擁擠的人行道上散步或騎自行車，可以看到海灣和金門大橋的典型景色)”可知，CrissyField公園提供金門大橋的壯麗景色。故選C。【23題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。對比表格中Length一列中的數(shù)據(jù)，MASONSTREETBIKEPATHTRAIL中的“2.5milesround-trip(往返2.5英里)”說明MASONSTREETBIKEPATHTRAIL的長度為1.25英里，是最短的路線。故選A。BTherewasayounggirlinChinawhowasinitiallyengagedinmakinghairpins.Shewasquiteskilled,creatingvariousdelicatehairpinswithtraditionalChineseelements.However,herworkwasmainlywithinacertainrangeofstyles.Oneday,amessageinthecommentsectionofherpostcaughtherattention.Someonesuggestedthatshecouldtrymakingthehiddenweaponsdescribedinnovels.Inspiredbythisidea,shedecidedtomakeachange.Whenshebeganmakingthehiddenweapons,numerousdifficultiesemerged.Firstly,therewasalackofrealprototypesforreference.Shecouldonlyrelyonthedescriptionsinnovelsandherimaginationtofigureouttheshapesandstructures.Secondly,thesizesettingwasagreatchallenge.Thehiddenweaponsneededtobesmallenoughtobeconcealedeasily,butatthesametime,theyhadtopossessthebasicfunctionsanddeadlinessofweapons.Forexample,makingadagger(短劍)thatcouldbehiddeninasleeveorasmallsectionrequiredprecisemeasurementanddesign.Moreover,themechanismofquicklytakingoutandtransformingtheweaponswasextremelycomplicated.Shehadtoexperimentwithvariousmaterialsanddesignstoensurethatthehiddenweaponscouldbesmoothlyandrapidlytakenoutinasimulatedcombatsituation.Shespentalotoftimeandeffortonthisnewpursuit.Shecarefullyselectedmaterialsandusedhercraftsmanshiptotransformsimplematerialsintorealisticandcoolhiddenweapons.Herworks,suchasasharpandbeautifullydecorateddagger,graduallygainedpopularityontheInternet.Throughhercreations,moreandmorepeople,especiallyyoungpeople,becameinterestedinthetraditionalweaponcultureinChina.SherealizedthatherworkcouldnotonlyshowhercreativitybutalsocarryforwardChinesetraditionalculture.Forherfuture,sheisdeterminedtocontinueexploringandinnovatinginthisfieldtoletthecharmofChinesetraditionalcultureshinebrightlyinthewholeworld.24.Whatwasthegirlmainlydoingatfirst?A.ProducinghairpinswithChinesefeatures. B.Designingmodernandfashionablehairpins.C.Creatinghiddenweaponsinspiredbynovels. D.Makinghiddenweaponswithlimiteddesignstyles.25.Whydidthegirlwanttomakeachange?A.Herfailureinmakingtraditionalhairpins.B.Apieceofadvicefromanonlinefollower.C.Arequesttochangeherstylesfromacustomer.D.Herinspirationwhenreadingnovelsabouthiddenweapons.26.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Thebasicfunctionsofhiddenweapons. B.Theoriginandhistoryofhiddenweapons.C.Thedifficultiesinmakinghiddenweapons. D.Theprecisemeasurementanddesignsofhiddenweapons.27.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheGirlWhoMadeBeautifulWeaponsB.DifficultiesinMakingHiddenWeaponsC.ThePopularityofChineseTraditionalWeaponsD.FromHairpinMakertoHiddenWeaponCreator【答案】24.A25.B26.C27.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一個原本制作發(fā)夾的女孩，因為網(wǎng)友的建議開始制作隱藏武器，說明了其中的困難以及女孩對未來的規(guī)劃?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“TherewasayounggirlinChinawhowasinitiallyengagedinmakinghairpins.Shewasquiteskilled,creatingvariousdelicatehairpinswithtraditionalChineseelements.(在中國有一個年輕的女孩，她最初是做發(fā)夾的。她非常熟練，用中國傳統(tǒng)元素制作了各種精致的發(fā)夾)”可知，這個女孩一開始主要生產(chǎn)具有中國特色的發(fā)夾。故選A?！?5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Someonesuggestedthatshecouldtrymakingthehiddenweaponsdescribedinnovels.Inspiredbythisidea,shedecidedtomakeachange.(有人建議她可以嘗試制作小說中描述的隱藏武器。受到這個想法的啟發(fā)，她決定做出改變)”可知，這個女孩想要改變是因為一個網(wǎng)友的建議。故選B。【26題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段的主要內(nèi)容，尤其主旨句“Whenshebeganmakingthehiddenweapons,numerousdifficultiesemerged.(當她開始制作隱藏武器時，出現(xiàn)了許多困難)”可知，第三段主要講了制造隱藏武器的困難。故選C?！?7題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Oneday,amessageinthecommentsectionofherpostcaughtherattention.Someonesuggestedthatshecouldtrymakingthehiddenweaponsdescribedinnovels.Inspiredbythisidea,shedecidedtomakeachange.(一天，她帖子評論區(qū)的一條信息引起了她的注意。有人建議她可以嘗試制作小說中描述的隱藏武器。受到這個想法的啟發(fā)，她決定做出改變)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了一個原本制作發(fā)夾的女孩，因為網(wǎng)友的建議開始制作隱藏武器，說明了其中的困難以及女孩對未來的規(guī)劃?？芍?，D選項“從發(fā)夾制造者到隱藏武器創(chuàng)造者”最符合文章標題。故選D。CCouldthesecrettotheperfectcupofteabehidingunderground?Thecomplexflavorsinaqualitycupofteaareoftenattributedtotheplant’sleaves.Butnewresearchsuggeststhatthetasteofaqualitycupofteamayalsodependontheplant’sroots—specifically,themicrobes(微生物)thatlivethere.Teabreeders(培育員)inChinahavespentcenturiescultivatingtheperfectcupoftea.Butdespitemodernbreedingtechnologies,improvingthetasteofteathroughgeneticselectionalonehasproventobeachallenge.Butanewstudy,publishedinthejournalCurrentBiology,hasshownthatDNAisnottheonlythingthataffectsthetasteoftea.Previousstudieshaveshownthatmicrobescanaffecttheplant’sabilitytotakeinnutrientsfromthesoilaroundthem.And,itturnsout,thesenutrientscanaffecttheplant’sproductionofcertainchemicalsthatmayaffecttheirtaste.Specifically,theteamfoundthatplantswithmicrobesthatencouragetheabsorptionofammonia(氨)producemoreofacompoundcalledtheanine(茶氨酸),akeydeterminantofthetea’staste.Armedwiththisknowledge,theteamcreatedasynthetic(合成的)microbialcommunity,basedonthosefoundonhigh-theanineteavarieties.Byapplyingthesesyntheticcoloniestorootsofotherteaplants,theteamfoundthattheywereabletoboosttheaninelevelsinlow-theaninevarietiestoo.“Theinitialexpectationforthesyntheticmicrobialcommunityderivedfromhighqualityteaplantrootswastoenhancethequalityoflow-qualityteaplants,”co-authorWenxinTangsaidinastatement.“However,toourastonishment,wediscoveredthatthesyntheticmicrobialcommunitynotonlyenhancesthequalityoflow-qualityteaplantsbutalsobringsasignificantpromotingeffectoncertainhigh-qualityteavarieties.Furthermore,thiseffectisparticularlyobviousinlow-nitrogen(氮)soilconditions.”Thesefindingssuggestthatsyntheticallyproducedmicrobialcommunitiescouldbeusedtoimprovethetasteofteaplants,particularlywhentheirsurroundingsoilslackkeyplantnutrients.Thesecoloniesmayalsosupportnutrientabsorptioninotherplantspecies,allowingfarmerstorelylessonsyntheticfertilizers.28.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.MicrobescanchangetheDNAofteaandimproveitsflavors.B.Simplyusinggeneticmethodstobetterteaflavorsisnotenough.C.Chineseteabreedershavefailedtocultivateaqualitycupoftea.D.Newresearchfindsteaflavorshavenothingtodowithtealeaves.29.Howcantheteamenhancetheaninelevelsinlow-theaninevarieties?A.Byincreasingtheammoniaintakeoflow-theaninevarieties.B.Byexposingrootsoflow-theaninevarietiestomoremicrobes.C.Byattachingsyntheticcoloniestorootsoflow-theaninevarieties.D.Bycreatingasyntheticmicrobialcommunityfromothervarieties.30.Whatissurprisingintermsoffunctionsofsyntheticcolonies?A.Itwillimprovethequalityoflow-nitrogensoil.B.Itcanenhancethequalityoflow-qualityteaplants.C.Itplaysabigroleinimprovingthequalityofhigh-qualityteaplants.D.Ithelpstoimprovethequalityofsoilbyincreasingthequantityofnitrogen.31.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Syntheticcoloniescanbeappliedtoawiderrangeofplants.B.Syntheticcolonieshaveeffectsonenvironmentandfarming.C.Syntheticcolonieswillreplacesyntheticfertilizerscompletely.D.Syntheticcoloniescanbeusedtoimprovethesoilqualityofteaplants.【答案】28.B29.C30.C31.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了微生物對茶的味道的影響?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Butnewresearchsuggeststhatthetasteofaqualitycupofteamayalsodependontheplant’sroots—specifically,themicrobes(微生物)thatlivethere.(但新的研究表明，一杯優(yōu)質(zhì)茶的味道也可能取決于植物的根——特別是生活在那里的微生物。)”和文章第二段“Butdespitemodernbreedingtechnologies,improvingthetasteofteathroughgeneticselectionalonehasproventobeachallenge.(但是，盡管有現(xiàn)代育種技術(shù)，僅通過基因選擇來改善茶葉的味道已被證明是一項挑戰(zhàn)。)”可推知，僅僅用基因方法來改善茶葉的味道是不夠的。故選B項。【29題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Byapplyingthesesyntheticcoloniestorootsofotherteaplants,theteamfoundthattheywereabletoboosttheaninelevelsinlow-theaninevarietiestoo.(通過將這些合成菌落應(yīng)用于其他茶樹的根部，研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，它們也能提高低茶氨酸品種的茶氨酸水平。)”可知，通過將合成菌落附著在低茶氨酸品種的根部可以提高低茶氨酸品種的茶氨酸水平。故選C項?！?0題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“However,toourastonishment,wediscoveredthatthesyntheticmicrobialcommunitynotonlyenhancesthequalityoflow-qualityteaplantsbutalsobringsasignificantpromotingeffectoncertainhigh-qualityteavarieties.(然而，令我們驚訝的是，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)合成微生物群落不僅提高了劣質(zhì)茶樹的品質(zhì)，而且對某些優(yōu)質(zhì)茶樹品種也有顯著的促進作用。)”可知，就合成菌落的功能而言，令人驚訝的是它對提高優(yōu)質(zhì)茶樹的品質(zhì)起著很大的作用。故選C項?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Thesecoloniesmayalsosupportnutrientabsorptioninotherplantspecies,allowingfarmerstorelylessonsyntheticfertilizers.(這些菌落還可能支持其他植物物種的營養(yǎng)吸收，使農(nóng)民減少對合成肥料的依賴。)”可知，合成菌落可以應(yīng)用于更廣泛的植物。故選A項。DYoumayregardawaveasacommongesture,butwhathappenswhenyouwavetoyourEuropeanfriendacrossthestreetandsheturnstowalktheotherway?Itisn'tbecauseyourfriendistiredofyourcompany.WhilemostAmericansinterpretawaveasafriendlygreetingorgoodbye,thesamemovementisjustaslikelytoexpressnoinpartsofEuropeandLatinAmerica.Thesamedissonanceistrueofothersignals:showingthenumbertwobyholdinguptwofingerswiththepalmfacinginwardisinoffensiveinmostoftheworld,butit'sarudegestureintheUnitedKingdomandAustralia.Themostcommonunderstandingofthesubjectrelatesbodylanguagetospokenlanguage.Gestureswithspecificmeanings,whileinformallycalled“bodylanguage,belongtothefieldofkinesics(人體動作學(xué)),anareaofstudythatdistinguishesthesemovementsfrominstinctiveactions,suchassmilingwhenhappy.DevelopedbyRayBirdwhistellinthe1950s,kinesicsusesthebuildingblocksoflinguisticstounderstandhowgesturesproducemeaning.Astheunitsofsoundthatformspokenwordsarecalledphonemes(音素),theunitsofmovementthatformkinesicgesturesarecalledkinemes—and,asthesamephonemecancommunicateadifferentmeaningacrosslanguages,thesamekinemecanalsocommunicatedifferentmeaningsindifferentculturesorcontexts.Forexample,thethumbs-upkinemeindicatespraiseinNorthAmerica,butitmeanssomethingextremelyrudeinAustralia.There'sonemoremessinunderstandingnonverbalcommunication,though.Althoughbodylanguageisn'tuniversal,theemotionsbehinditmaybe.InastudyperformedbyAmericanresearcherPaulEkman,participantsfromtheWest,insularAfricancommunities,andNewGuineawereshownacollectionofmorethan10,000imagesillustratingdifferentfacialexpressions.When90percentofparticipantsregardlessofculturalbackground,identifiedthesameemotionsinthephotos,Ekmanconcludedthattherewereatleastsevenuniversalfacialexpressions:anger,disgust,fear,surprise,happiness,sadness,andcontempt.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinparagraph2mean?A.Comparison. B.Disharmony. C.Theory. D.Discomfort.33.Whatisthesimilaritybetweenbodyandspokenlanguage?A.Theycanbedividedintothefieldofkinesicstogether.B.Theyarebasedonmovementsfrominstinctiveactions.C.Theyconveydifferentmeaningswiththesameelement.D.Theycanunitepeopleindifferentcountriesandregions.34.HowdidPaulEkmanreachhisconclusion?A.Byinterviewingparticipantsfromdiversebackgrounds.B.Byaskingparticipantstoshowmanyfacialexpressions.C.Byobservinghowparticipantsreactedtothoseimages.D.Byjudgingifparticipantsrecognizedthesameemotions.35.Whatmightbediscussedinthefollowingtext?A.Othertypesoffacialexpressions. B.Applicationsoffacialexpressions.C.DrawbacksofPaulEkman'sstudy. D.Formsofnonverbalcommunication.【答案】32.B33.C34.D35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述語言不是通用，但其背后的情感可能是通用的。【32題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段劃線詞上文“WhilemostAmericansinterpretawaveasafriendlygreetingorgoodbye,thesamemovementisjustaslikelytoexpressnoinpartsofEuropeandLatinAmerica.(雖然大多數(shù)美國人認為揮手是友好的問候或再見，但在歐洲和拉丁美洲的部分地區(qū)，同樣的動作也可能表示“不”)”及下文“showingthenumbertwobyholdinguptwofingerswiththepalmfacinginwardisinoffensiveinmostoftheworld,butit’sarudegestureintheUnitedKingdomandAustralia.(在世界上大多數(shù)地方，舉起兩根手指，掌心朝內(nèi)表示數(shù)字2是無害的，但在英國和澳大利亞，這是一種粗魯?shù)氖謩荨?”可知下文在解釋這一名詞，即同一肢體語言，在不通過地方含義不通過，因此推斷劃線單詞含義是“不一致，差異”。故選B?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Astheunitsofsoundthatformspokenwordsarecalledphonemes(音素),theunitsofmovementthatformkinesicgesturesarecalledkinemes—and,asthesamephonemecancommunicateadifferentmeaningacrosslanguages,thesamekinemecanalsocommunicatedifferentmeaningsindifferentculturesorcontexts.(構(gòu)成口語的聲音單位被稱為音素，構(gòu)成肢體動作的運動單位被稱為勢位——同樣的音素可以在不同的語言中傳達不同的意思，同樣的勢位也可以在不同的文化或語境中傳達不同的意思。)”可知，肢體語言與口語的相似之處是，它們用同樣的元素傳達了不同的含義。故選C?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“When90percentofparticipantsregardlessofculturalbackground,identifiedthesameemotionsinthephotos,Ekmanconcludedthattherewereatleastsevenuniversalfacialexpressions:anger,disgust,fear,surprise,happiness,sadness,andcontempt.(當90%的參與者不分文化背景，在照片中識別出相同的情緒時，Ekman得出結(jié)論，至少有七種通用的面部表情：憤怒、厭惡、恐懼、驚訝、快樂、悲傷和蔑視。)”可知，PaulEkman通過判斷參與者是否認識到相同的情緒得出結(jié)論。故選D?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“When90percentofparticipantsregardlessofculturalbackground,identifiedthesameemotionsinthephotos,Ekmanconcludedthattherewereatleastsevenuniversalfacialexpressions:anger,disgust,fear,surprise,happiness,sadness,andcontempt.(當90%的參與者不分文化背景，在照片中識別出相同的情緒時，Ekman得出結(jié)論，至少有七種通用的面部表情：憤怒、厭惡、恐懼、驚訝、快樂、悲傷和蔑視。)”可知，PaulEkman發(fā)現(xiàn)，在不通過文化背景下，有些面部表情是通用的，因此可以推斷接下來要講述這些通用的面部表情可以有哪些應(yīng)用。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Youmightthinkthatspendingagreatdealoftimeponderingoversomethingisthepathtofindingthebestanswer.___36___Infact,overthinkingislikeamagnifyingglassforemotionalsuffering:fromanxietyandgrieftoangerandguilt.Fundamentally,itisthehabitofapplyinganalyticalthinkingandproblemsolvinginasituationwhereitisunhelpfulorunproductive.However,likeallhabits,itcanbeundone.Probablytherearecertainthoughtsorissuesthataremorelikelytotriggeroverthinking.Ifyou’reaworrier,forexample,thoughtsaboutthefuturemayresultinoverthinking.Foranotherperson,itmaybethinkingabouttheircompetenceorwhethertheyarelikedbyothers.___37___Oneofthetricksthatoverthinkingplaysonusisconvincingusthatwehavetothinkmorenow.___38___ThissimpletechniquecalledSchedulingafuturethinkingdateiseffectiveasitvalidatesyourconcernswhilepreventingyoufromgettinglostinimmediateoverthinking.Often,bythetimethescheduleddatearrives,you’renotevenconcernedaboutthethinganymoreandcansimplydropit.Essentially,overthinkingoftenservesasaformofprocrastination

fromdoingorsayingthedifficultthingsthatweknowdeepdownweshould.___39___Itistheabilitytospeakyourmindhonestlyanddirectlyinawaythat’srespectfultoyourselfandothers.Bydevelopingthisability,includingsayingnowhenneeded,you’llfindyourselfoverthinkingalotlessbecauseyoudon’tneeditasprocrastinationmechanism.___40___Youshouldfindabalancebetweenthoughtfulconsiderationanddecisiveaction.Byimplementingthesestrategies,youcantakecontrolofyourthoughtsandreducetheimpactofoverthinkingonyouremotionalwell-beinganddecision-makingabilities.A.Butthat’susuallynotthecase.B.Whynotscheduleyouroverthinkingforlater?C.Overthinkingcanbemanagedwithintentionaleffortandstrategies.D.Focusonthethingsyoucancontrol,likeyourattitudeandeffort.E.Thesolutiontothisdilemmaistolearntobecomemoreconfident.F.Overthinkingcanleadtoamoredetailedanalysisofcomplexsituations.G.Whateverthecase,it’simportanttorecognizethekeyfactorsthatcauseyouroverthinking.【答案】36.A37.G38.B39.E40.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了過度思考會導(dǎo)致的問題以及避免過度思考的方法?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Youmightthinkthatspendingagreatdealoftimeponderingoversomethingisthepathtofindingthebestanswer.(你可能會認為花大量的時間思考是找到最佳答案的途徑)”以及下文“Infact,overthinkingislikeamagnifyingglassforemotionalsuffering:fromanxietyandgrieftoangerandguilt.Fundamentally,itisthehabitofapplyinganalyticalthinkingandproblemsolvinginasituationwhereitisunhelpfulorunproductive.However,likeallhabits,it