湖南省長沙市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期新高考適應(yīng)性考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省長沙市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期新高考適應(yīng)性考試英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhathappenedtoMolly?A.Shefellill. B.Shehadtowork. C.Shewassenthome.【答案】A【原文】W:Ateacherattheschoolcalled.Molly’sillandtheywanttosendherhome.Myhusbandcan’tgetthere.WillitbeokayifIgoearly?M:Yes,ofcourse.GiveyourworktoLucy.IhopeMollydoesn’thaveanythingserious.2.Whatdoesthewomanmeanaboutthebeach?A.Shewillwalkthere. B.It’sclosetothehotel. C.Itcoversonesquaremile.【答案】B【原文】M:Howfaristhehotelfromthebeach?Idon’twanttogoifit’stoofar.W:No,it’sjustonemileaway.Gostraightfor500meters,turnrightandwalkanotherkilometer.3.Whatwaswrongwiththecar?A.Ithadaflattire. B.Itwasn’tcleanlywashed. C.Itwasparkedwrongly.【答案】A【原文】W:IhopeIhaven’tdamagedthecar.Idrovetotheshopsandthentookittothecarwash.IparkeditoutsidethehousejustnowandInoticedoneofthetiresiscompletelyflat.M:Didn’titfeeldifferent?4.Whatarethetwospeakersdoing?A.Choosingcandies. B.Reservinghotelrooms. C.Talkingaboutafilm.【答案】C【原文】W:Ohno,Ihatethispart,whichisreallyscary.It’sthepartwhenthekillercomesoutofthehotelroom.And…M:Don’ttellmeyou’veruinedthefilmforme.Here,haveanothercandyanddon’tsayanotherworduntiltheend.5.Wherearethespeakersnow?A.Athome. B.Atarestaurant. C.Inacinema.【答案】B【原文】W:Ididn’texpecttoseeyouhere,Gary.DoyoucometothisrestauranteverySaturdaynight?M:No,butIwantedachangefromwatchingTV,soitiseitherthisorthecinema.W:Well,Ithinkyou’llenjoythefoodhere.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenElliotandthewoman?A.Teacherandstudent. B.Motherandson. C.Bossandemployee.7.Whatwillthemando?A.Explainhiswork. B.TalkwithElliot. C.Askparentsforhelp.【答案】6.A7.B【原文】W:I’mworriedaboutElliott.He’sbeenlateforschoolseveraltimesrecentlyandhedidn’tturnupatallforsportsday.Also,thehomeworkhehandsintomeisgettingworseandworse.Hismarkskeepgoingdown.M:Yes,Iknow.Ithinkhe’shavingsomefamilyissuesandI’mafraidthey’reaffectinghisschoolwork.W:Youneedtohaveaserioustalkwithhim.Icanunderstandiftherearefamilyproblems,butwedon’twantthemharminghisfuture.M:Iknow.I’lltalkwithhimtomorrow.I’llaskifwecanhelpwithanyofhisproblemsandexplainthathisworkneedstoimprove.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.WhatproblemdoesThomashave?A.Aheadache. B.Atoothache. C.Astomachache.9.WhatdoesthewomanmeanaboutThomas?A.Heishomesick. B.Heeatsthewrongfood. C.Heshouldtakemedicine.10.WhatwillThomasdonext?A.Visithisparents. B.Gohomedirectly. C.Stayinthecamp.【答案】8.C9.A10.C【原文】M:Mrs.Day,Idon’tfeelsogood.W:What’sbotheringyou,Thomas?Isitthesameproblemfromthismorning?Ican’tgiveyouanymoremedicineforthatuntiltomorrow.M:No,it’snotmyheadnow.Mystomachhurts.W:Idon’thaveanyotherpatientsrightnow.Sowhydon’twesitandtalk?Doyourealizethatyou’vecometovisitmehereatthehealthofficeeverydaysincecampbegan?M:Yes.ButI’mnotpretendingtobesick.Ireallyfeelbadandwanttogohome.W:Well,Idon’tthinkit’sthefood.Noneoftheotherchildrenhavethisproblem.Ithinkyou’rejustmissingyourhomeandparents.Thereisnothingwrongwiththatthen.M:CanIgohomenow?W:No,yourparentsarecominginthreedays,sorelaxuntilthen.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.WhatisTahitifamousfor?A.Itssurfing. B.Itslocation. C.Itslanguage.12.Whenwillthecompetitionprobablybegin?A.In5minutes. B.In55minutes. C.Inoveranhour.13.Whowillbeprobablyintroducedfirst?A.Thecompetitors. B.Theadvertiser. C.Thejudges.【答案】11.A12.C13.B【原文】W:Welcometotheinternationalsurfinvitational.We’rehereinthePacificIslandnationofTahiti,alsoknownasthehometosurfing.M:AsanativeHawaiian,I’dsayotherwise,butI’mgratefultobeherewithSarahtoday.AndIrespecttherichtraditionofsurfingthroughoutthePacificislands.W:Similarly,Tom,it’swithgreathonorthatweintroduceyoutoourhomeinTahiti.ButI’msorryforforgettingthewordsinHawaiianthatyoutaughtmebefore.M:Thepleasureismine.PutaJoytowatchthebestsurfersintheworldcompete.IalwaysforgetthatTahitian’sfirstlanguageisFrench.I’mafraidIcan’thelpyouwiththat.W:Noworries.Fortheconvenienceoftheviewershereatboraborabeachoronline,Englishwillbefine.M:Deal.Overonehourlater,we’llintroducethisyear’scompetitorsandjudgeswhiletheygetreadytostart.Beforethis,therewillbeafive-minutesectionwiththeTahititourismboard,ourchiefadvertiserforthisevent.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.Whydoesthemandisliketake-offs?A.Itisdangerous. B.Itmakeshimsick. C.Ittakesalongtime.15.Wherearethespeakersgoing?A.Spain. B.America. C.Greece.16.Whatattractsthemanmost?A.Thevillages. B.Themuseums. C.Thebeaches.17.Howdoesthemanfeelintheend?A.Nervous. B.Relieved. C.Impatient.【答案】14.B15.C16.A17.B【原文】M:I’mnotlookingforwardtothis.W:Whynot?Thisistheholidayyou’vebeenwaitingthewholeyearfor.M:It’snottheholiday;it’stravellingontheplanethatI’mworriedabout.Ihatetakeoffs.W:Butyou’vedonethesemanytimesbefore.YouneversaidanythingwhenwewenttoSpain.M:ItstartedonthatflighttoAmericanineyearsago.Whenweriseveryquickly,itreallymakesmystomachturn.Whentheplaneracesdownthetrack,theenginesscreamloudly.W:Okay,well,we’refinallyabouttotakeoff.Youjustneedtocalmdown.Here,takesmyhand.WhatareyoulookingforwardtothemostaboutvisitingGreece?Thebeaches?Themuseums?Ormaybeit’sthelateevenings,relaxingbythebarwithadrink.M:I…Ohdear,therewego.Well,I’dlovetogovisitlocalvillages,youknow,seehowrealGreekslive,haveawalk,haveadrinkandabitetoeatinthelocalrestaurantsand…and…Ohdear.W:Thereweare,weupintheair.M:ThankgoodnessI’malive.Ifeelgreat.W:Good,becauseinfivehourswewilllandinGreece.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。18.HowdidFlorenceNightingalegethername?A.Itwasgivenbyanurse.B.Itoriginatedfromabook’stitle.C.Itwasfromherplaceofbirth.19.WhywasFlorenceNightingaleawardedtheRoyalRedCrossmedal?A.Forthehospitalsshebuilt.B.Forthecuresshedeveloped.C.Forthecontributionsshemade.20.Whatisthepurposeofthespeech?A.Toentertaintheaudiencewithastory.B.Tointroduceafamoushistoricalfigure.C.ToshowthegreatchangesinFlorence.【答案】18.C19.C20.B【原文】M:FlorenceNightingalewasbornintoawealthyBritishfamilyonmaytwelfth1820.ShewasnamedFlorenceaftertheplaceofherbirth,Florence,inItaly.Workingasanurse,shesavedthelivesofmanysoldiersduringtheCrimeanwar.Shewasdevotedtoherprofessionandworkedharddayandnight.FlorenceNightingalechangedthewaythathospitalscaredfortheirpatients.Before,hospitalswereovercrowdedanddirtyplaces.Thismeantthatdiseaseswereeasilyspread.Thereweren’tenoughdoctorsorbedstogoaround,sopeopleoftendidn’tgetthecaretheyneeded.FlorenceNightingalechangedallofthisbymakinghospitalscleanerplaces.Shealsotrainedmorenursestohelpcareforpatients.Shemadesurepatientswerewelllookedafterandhadgoodfoodtoeat,whichsavedmanylives.FlorencemetQueenVictoria,whoawardedhertheroyalredcrossmedal.Everyyearonmaytwelfth,herbirthday,nursescelebrateInternationalNurses’Day.FlorenceopenedaschoolofnursingandwroteabookcalledNotesonNursing.KingEdwardtheseventhgaveFlorenceaspecialawardcalledtheorderofmeritin1907.Shewasthefirstwomantoreceivethisaward,andshechangedthewaythatwomenwereseenintheworkplace.Shediedin1910.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ANowadayssomedocumentarieskindofblowviewersawaywiththeiruniqueshootingskillsandfascinatinginsights.Herearethreepicksamongthemfor2024.●FantasyWestwardJourneyChiefDirector:LiuYileLength:SixEpisodesProducers:ChenXiaoyuBroadcastingPlatforms:BilibiliThisfilmseriesisthefirstgamedocumentarycreatedbyNetEaseandaCCTVproductionteam.Itshowstheintegrationofvideogameproductionwithtraditionalshadowplayart,ancientbuildingrestorationtechniques,andmovable-typeprinting,whichembodiestheconnectionbetweenChineseintangibleculturalheritage(非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn))andvideogameproduction.●BeautifulGuangdongandWildLingnanProducers:RongMingchang,LiuJiangtaoLength:FiveEpisodesProducers:NanfangMetropolisDaily,NvideoBroadcastingPlatforms:TencentVideo,BilibiliRichwithmountains,coastsandvalleys,LingnanareainthesouthofChinaisblessedwiththousandsofrecordedanimalsandplants.Thisdocumentaryseriesfocusesongeographicalfeatures,presentingthebeautifulsceneryandvitalityofwildcreaturesnativetoGuangdongProvince.●AMeetingwithArchitects(SeasonⅡ)Directors:JiaLi,LiangShuaiLength:TenEpisodesProducers:I-TALKBroadcastingPlatforms:BilibiliThisdocumentaryisthefirston-the-spotinterviewseriesaboutpersonalitiesinthefieldofarchitectureinChina.EachepisodefeaturesaninterviewwithstararchitectslikeMaYansongandLiXiangningattheconstructionsite,filmingthemomentofinspirationandthespiritofthemodernera.Itaimstoshowadeepunderstandingoftheessenceofarchitecture—itisnotonlythepresentationofthearchitect’sdesign,butalsoasharedspacethateveryonecaninteractwiththroughbodyandmind.21.WhodocumentvariouswildcreaturesinthesouthernChina?A.LiuYileandChenXiaoyuJia B.LiandLiangShuaiC.RongMingchangandLiuJiangtao D.MaYansongandLiXiangning22.WhatisspecialaboutAMeetingwithArchitects(SeasonⅡ)?A.ItbroadcastsonBilibili. B.Itfeaturesface-to-facetalks.C.Itpresentsrestorationskills. D.Itshowcasesthemodernart.23.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Amagazine. B.Abrochure. C.Areport. D.Atextbook.【答案】21.C22.B23.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了2024年三部值得一看的紀(jì)錄片，包括《夢幻西游》《大美廣東野性嶺南》以及《與建筑師的對話（第二季）》，分別介紹了它們的主創(chuàng)人員、時長、播放平臺以及各自的特色內(nèi)容?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“BeautifulGuangdongandWildLingnan”部分中“Producers:RongMingchang,LiuJiangtaoLength:FiveEpisodes;Thisdocumentaryseriesfocusesongeographicalfeatures,presentingthebeautifulsceneryandvitalityofwildcreaturesnativetoGuangdongProvince(制片人：榮明昌、劉江濤；集數(shù)：五集；本紀(jì)錄片系列聚焦地理風(fēng)貌，展現(xiàn)廣東省本土野生動植物的美麗景色和生命力)”可知，制片人榮明昌和劉江濤制作的《大美廣東野性嶺南》這部紀(jì)錄片聚焦于地理特征，展示了廣東省本土野生動物的美麗景色和活力，也就是他們記錄了中國南方的各種野生動物。所以記錄中國南方各種野生動物的是榮明昌和劉江濤，故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“AMeetingwithArchitects(SeasonⅡ)”部分中“Thisdocumentaryisthefirston-the-spotinterviewseriesaboutpersonalitiesinthefieldofarchitectureinChina.EachepisodefeaturesaninterviewwithstararchitectslikeMaYansongandLiXiangningattheconstructionsite,filmingthemomentofinspirationandthespiritofthemodernera(本紀(jì)錄片是中國首部關(guān)于建筑領(lǐng)域人物的實(shí)地訪談系列片。每集都有對明星建筑師如馬巖松、李曉明等在施工現(xiàn)場的采訪，拍攝靈感時刻和現(xiàn)代精神)”可知，《與建筑師的對話（第二季）》這部紀(jì)錄片是中國第一部關(guān)于建筑領(lǐng)域人物的現(xiàn)場采訪系列片，每一集都有在建筑工地對馬巖松和李翔寧等明星建筑師的采訪，拍攝靈感瞬間和現(xiàn)代精神。所以它的特別之處在于以面對面的訪談為特色，故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Nowadayssomedocumentarieskindofblowviewersawaywiththeiruniqueshootingskillsandfascinatinginsights.Herearethreepicksamongthemfor2024(如今，一些紀(jì)錄片以獨(dú)特的拍攝技巧和引人入勝的視角震撼著觀眾。以下是2024年其中三部精選之作)”、“BeautifulGuangdongandWildLingnan”部分中“Producers:RongMingchang,LiuJiangtaoLength:FiveEpisodes;Thisdocumentaryseriesfocusesongeographicalfeatures,presentingthebeautifulsceneryandvitalityofwildcreaturesnativetoGuangdongProvince(制片人：榮明章、劉江濤；集數(shù)：五集；本紀(jì)錄片系列聚焦地理風(fēng)貌，展現(xiàn)廣東省本土野生動植物的美麗景色和生命力)”以及“AMeetingwithArchitects(SeasonⅡ)”部分中“Thisdocumentaryisthefirston-the-spotinterviewseriesaboutpersonalitiesinthefieldofarchitectureinChina.EachepisodefeaturesaninterviewwithstararchitectslikeMaYansongandLiXiangningattheconstructionsite,filmingthemomentofinspirationandthespiritofthemodernera(本紀(jì)錄片是中國首部關(guān)于建筑領(lǐng)域人物的實(shí)地訪談系列片。每集都有對明星建筑師如馬巖松、李曉明等在施工現(xiàn)場的采訪，拍攝靈感時刻和現(xiàn)代精神)”可知，文章主要介紹了2024年三部值得一看的紀(jì)錄片，包括它們的主創(chuàng)人員、時長、播放平臺以及各自的特色內(nèi)容，這種對不同紀(jì)錄片的介紹和推薦比較符合雜志的內(nèi)容范疇，可推理出這篇文章可能取自一本雜志，故選A項(xiàng)。BLikeothercitiesinNewJersey’sRustBelt(鐵銹地帶),Patersonhasfallenonhardtimes,withitsonce-famoustextile(紡織品)industryindisrepairanditsschoolsabandoned.Strickland,anexpertinschooldesignandinstructoratMITinBoston,hadbeenhiredasaconsultanttohelpPatersonfindsitesfornewschools.Thearchitecthatchedagrandplantohelprevitalize(復(fù)興)Paterson’sschoolsandthecityitself.Sixcareeracademiesareholdingclassesatoldsites.Thesesmallchangeshavenotgoneunnoticed.Thecity,astheresidentsexpected,hasthepotentialtoshine.Anearlyunoccupiedthree-storyshoppingmallhousestwoschools,onefocusedonmedicalcareers,theotheronmediaartsandurbanplanning.Englishandmathteachersforthetwoschoolsleadclassesinstorefrontsthatwereemptyjustayearago.Acrosstown,underthethickwoodenbeams(橫梁)ofanoldtextilefactoryandatrainengineplant,studentswithdisabilitieswilllearnaboutcareerswiththeregion’stransportationsystems.StricklandrequireshisgraduatestudentsatMITtohelpPatersonconstructmodelsfornewbuildingprojectsinthecity.JaneRiesman,oneofStrickland’sstudents,hasbeenworkingwithherkidsonaneducationalparkthatwouldreplaceawastelandoflifelessasphalt(瀝青)andgrassthatstretchesbetweentwodowntownschools.Thesurroundingneighborhoodishardlyinspiring;pulling-downofahigh-risehousingprojectisunderway,showeringdusteverywhere.ButRiesman’sstudentsenvisionaverydifferentplace.Oneofthestudentmodelsincludesaswimmingpool,skatingcourt,climbingwall,sandbox,andapondwithafountainandlotsoftrees.“It’sfun,anditmakesusfeellikewe’reinchargeandhelpingthecommunity,”says15-year-oldMarilynMedina,oneofthemodel’screators.Stricklandsaysit’simportantforthestudentstodream.“They’resettingatoneforthetown,”hesays.“Thekidscanpushtheenvelopeandchangetheculture.”24.WhatwasPatersonlikeinthepastaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Itfellintoseveredisrepair.B.Itrarelyproducedanyiron.C.Itstextileindustrywaswell-known.D.Itsschoolswerecompletelydeserted.25.Whatwastheresidents’attitudetowardsStrickland’splan?A.Opposed. B.Favorable. C.Dismissive. D.Uncaring.26.WhatcanweinferaboutRiesman’sstudents?A.Diligentandinnocent. B.Funnyandresponsible.C.Honestandtrustworthy. D.Imaginativeandhelpful.27.Whatdoesthetextfocuson?A.Transformingoldbuildingstoshine.B.Revitalizingthecity’sshoppingmall.C.Developingstudents’logicalthinking.D.WitnessingtheriseandfallofPaterson.【答案】24.C25.B26.D27.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述的是為了幫助振興帕特森的學(xué)校和城市本身，建筑師制定了宏偉的計(jì)劃來改變帕特森的老建筑，讓其煥發(fā)光彩?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“LikeothercitiesinNewJersey’sRustBelt(鐵銹地帶),Patersonhasfallenonhardtimes,withitsonce-famoustextile(紡織品)industryindisrepairanditsschoolsabandoned.(與新澤西州“鐵銹地帶”的其他城市一樣，帕特森也陷入了困境，曾經(jīng)著名的紡織業(yè)年久失修，學(xué)校也被廢棄。)”可知，在過去，帕特森的紡織工業(yè)是很出名的。冠詞C項(xiàng)。【25題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的句子“Thecity,astheresidentsexpected,hasthepotentialtoshine.(正如居民們所期望的那樣，這座城市有潛力發(fā)光。)”可知，居民們對思特里克蘭德的計(jì)劃持贊成的態(tài)度。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的句子“ButRiesman’sstudentsenvisionaverydifferentplace.Oneofthestudentmodelsincludesaswimmingpool,skatingcourt,climbingwall,sandbox,andapondwithafountainandlotsoftrees.“It’sfun,anditmakesusfeellikewe’reinchargeandhelpingthecommunity,”says15-year-oldMarilynMedina,oneofthemodel’screators.(但是Riesman的學(xué)生們設(shè)想了一個完全不同的地方。其中一個學(xué)生模型包括一個游泳池、溜冰場、攀巖墻、沙盒和一個帶噴泉和許多樹木的池塘。15歲的MarilynMedina是該模型的創(chuàng)造者之一，她說：“這很有趣，讓我們覺得自己在負(fù)責(zé)并幫助社區(qū)?！?”可知，Riesman的學(xué)生們富有想象力且是樂于助人的。故選D項(xiàng)。【27題詳析】主旨大意題。本文主要講述的是為了幫助振興帕特森的學(xué)校和城市本身，建筑師制定了宏偉的計(jì)劃來改變帕特森的老建筑，讓其煥發(fā)光彩。故選A項(xiàng)。CArtificialintelligence—orAI—isthecomputercode(代碼)thatallowsamachinetodosomethingthatnormallyrequiresahumanbrain.OnTikTok,forinstance,AIsortsthepostssothatthefirstonesyouseearelikelytobethoseyou’dprefer.ButbeforeanAIcandoanyofthat,developersmusttrainit.Andthetrainingconsumesenergy.AItrainingispoweredmostlybyfossil(化石)fuels,accordingtooneofthelargeststudiesofitskind.Lessthan25percentofAIsuselow-carbonenergysourcessuchashydroelectricityandnuclearpowerduringtraining.Infact,researchersnowworrythattraining’sappetiteforenergycouldsoonbecomeahugeproblem.TheenergytodevelopAIcomesoutoftheelectricalnet.Andinmostpartsoftheworld,makingelectricityemits(排放)carbondioxideandothergreenhousegasesintotheair.Language-processingAIsystemslearnbydevouring(吞食)textsinaparticularlanguage.Thismightinclude“reading”everythingeverpublishedonlineinsomelanguage,includinglibrariesfullofoldbooksthathavebeendigitized.Suchdata-intensivetrainingusesalotofenergy.TotranslatebetweenEnglishandChinese,forexample,anAImodelmaydealwithmillionsorevenbillionsoftranslatedbooksandarticles.Inthisway,itlearnswhichwordsandphrasesmatch.Later,whengivenanewtext,itrecommendsitsowntranslation.In2019,researcherscalculatedtheimpactofdevelopingAImodelnamedTransformer.Itreleasedamassive626,000poundsofcarbondioxide.That’sequaltothegreenhousegasesthatwouldbepouredbyfiveAmericancarsfromwhentheyweremadetowhentheywerejunked.Today,mostAIdevelopmenthappensatdatacenters.Thesecomputer-filledbuildingsaccountforsome2percentUSelectricityuseand1percentofglobalenergyuse.SomeAIexpertshavesoundedanalarmaboutthethreattheseenergygiantspose.28.WhatisAItrainingmainlyenergizedby?A.Fossilfuels. B.Solarenergy. C.Nuclearenergy. D.Greenhousegases.29.Whatdoweknowaboutthelanguage-processingAIsystems?A.Theyprocesslimitedtexts. B.Theywillreplacetranslators.C.Theyseldomreaddigitalbooks. D.Theyareenergy-consuming.30.WhydoestheauthormentionTransformerinparagraph4?A.Tohighlightitssignificance. B.TospeakhighlyofAI’spower.C.Todemonstrateresearchers’creativity. D.Tostressitseffectontheenvironment.31.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.AI’sdevelopmentposesathreattodatacenters.B.TheenergyconsumptionofAIcan’tbeignored.C.AIiseffectivelytransformingthewaywelearn.D.Peopleshouldtakeactiontoreducegasemission.【答案】28.A29.D30.D31.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了人工智能（AI）訓(xùn)練所消耗的能源問題?！?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AItrainingispoweredmostlybyfossil(化石)fuels,accordingtooneofthelargeststudiesofitskind.(根據(jù)同類研究中規(guī)模最大的一項(xiàng)，人工智能訓(xùn)練主要由化石燃料提供動力。)”可知，AI訓(xùn)練主要由化石燃料提供能量。故選A?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Language-processingAIsystemslearnbydevouring(吞食)textsinaparticularlanguage.Thismightinclude“reading”everythingeverpublishedonlineinsomelanguage,includinglibrariesfullofoldbooksthathavebeendigitized.Suchdata-intensivetrainingusesalotofenergy.(語言處理人工智能系統(tǒng)通過大量“吞食”（即閱讀）特定語言的文本來進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)。這可能包括“閱讀”某種語言下所有曾在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布過的內(nèi)容，以及已被數(shù)字化的滿載古老書籍的圖書館。這種數(shù)據(jù)密集型的訓(xùn)練過程消耗了大量的能源。)”可知，語言處理AI系統(tǒng)需要“吞食”大量的文本，這種數(shù)據(jù)密集型的訓(xùn)練消耗了大量的能量。故選D。【30題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“In2019,researcherscalculatedtheimpactofdevelopingAImodelnamedTransformer.Itreleasedamassive626,000poundsofcarbondioxide.That’sequaltothegreenhousegasesthatwouldbepouredbyfiveAmericancarsfromwhentheyweremadetowhentheywerejunked.(2019年，研究人員計(jì)算了開發(fā)名為Transformer的人工智能模型的影響。它釋放了62.6萬磅的二氧化碳。這相當(dāng)于五輛美國汽車從制造到報(bào)廢所排放的溫室氣體總量。)”可知，作者提到Transformer是為了說明開發(fā)這個AI模型釋放了大量的二氧化碳，即為了強(qiáng)調(diào)其對環(huán)境的影響。故選D?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Today,mostAIdevelopmenthappensatdatacenters.Thesecomputer-filledbuildingsaccountforsome2percentUSelectricityuseand1percentofglobalenergyuse.SomeAIexpertshavesoundedanalarmaboutthethreattheseenergygiantspose.(如今，大多數(shù)人工智能的開發(fā)都發(fā)生在數(shù)據(jù)中心。這些布滿計(jì)算機(jī)的建筑約占美國電力消耗的2%和全球能源消耗的1%。一些人工智能專家對這些能源巨頭構(gòu)成的威脅發(fā)出了警報(bào)。)”可知，作者在最后一段暗示AI的能源消耗不容忽視。故選B。DDecadesofincreasingcornandsoyabeanproductionhaveturnedBrazilintoanagriculturalpowerhouse,whichalsoledtothedestructionoftheAmazonrainforest.Thathaslongputfarmersandenvironmentalistsindisagreement.ButastudyreleasedinOctoberbytheFederalUniversityofMinasGerais(UFMG)andRainforestFoundationNorway(RFN)showstheextenttowhichdeforestationishurtingfarmerstoo.Thereportshowsthatthepracticeofclear-cuttingintheBrazilianAmazonledtoreducedcropproduction,resultingintotaleconomiclossesofabout$1billionbetween2006and2019.Thenetrevenues(收入)forsoyabeansdroppedby10%overthattime,whilecornrevenuesdroppedby20%.AndersKrogh,aspecialistforestadviseratRFN,saysthesefindingsdemonstratethedangerdeforestationposestoglobalfoodsecurity.Whenancientforestsbecomerollingplains,adelicatebalanceofwatercycleisdisturbed.Astreesbreathe,theyturnwaterintovapour(水蒸氣),whichgoesontoformlarge,thickrainclouds,andhasacoolingeffectontheregion.Thisrecyclingprocessalsoinfluencesatmosphericcirculation(循環(huán)),whichplaysakeyroleintemperatureregulationintheAmazonbasin.Theeffectsaretheseverestinthemostdeforestedregions.Lessrainandhotterdaysmeansmallerharvestsandsmallerrevenues.PreventingfurtherdeforestationinBrazil’ssouthernAmazoncouldslowthetrend.Plus,reforestingcouldevenchangerainfalltrends:thereportconcludesthatiftheBrazilianstateofParáweretoreforest55,000km2offarmingland,theraincouldcomeonaveragefivedaysearlier,andupto19insomeareas.Fornow,though,thatseemslikeatallorder.AgriculturalfirmsinBraziltendtotreatsuchreportsandtheresearcherswhoproducethemwithdoubt.Theterm“agri-phobic(農(nóng)業(yè)恐懼)”isoftenusedtodescribescientistswhocriticizethecountry’sfarmingpractices.Atthegrassrootslevel,despitetheincreasingcostsofadaptingtodrierconditions,Brazilianfarmersdoubttheclaimsthatlowerproductionresultsfromclimatechangeordeforestation.BritaldoSoares-Filho,aresearcheratUFMGandthereport’sleadauthor,hopesthatconcentratingonthefinancialeffectofdeforestation,ratherthanabstractmodelling,canchangefarmers’minds.Sustainablefarmingpractices,heurges,areintheeconomicinterestsofagribusiness.32.Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph2?A.Bylistingstatistics. B.Bycitingasaying.C.Bymakinganassumption. D.Byintroducingaconcept.33.Whichisclosetotheunderlinedidiom“atallorder”inmeaninginparagraph4?A.Ahardnut. B.Abigfish.C.Ahelpinghand. D.Ared-letterday.34.WhatdoesBritaldoSoares-Filhomean?A.Loggingcontributestofinancialincrease.B.Abstractmodellingmakesabigdifference.C.Clear-cuttingputsglobalfoodsecurityingreatdanger.D.Farmersshouldfocusonthefinancialimpactofdeforestation.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Deforestation:itboostsrevenues?B.Watercycle:itdisturbsagriculture?C.Climatechange:itworsensrainforest?D.Reforesting:itrelievesglobalwarming?【答案】32.A33.A34.D35.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要闡述了巴西亞馬孫雨林的砍伐對農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)及經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thereportshowsthatthepracticeofclear-cuttingintheBrazilianAmazonledtoreducedcropproduction,resultingintotaleconomiclossesofabout$1billionbetween2006and2019.Thenetrevenues(收入)forsoyabeansdroppedby10%overthattime,whilecornrevenuesdroppedby20%.AndersKrogh,aspecialistforestadviseratRFN,saysthesefindingsdemonstratethedangerdeforestationposestoglobalfoodsecurity.(報(bào)告顯示，巴西亞馬孫地區(qū)的皆伐導(dǎo)致農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量減少，2006年至2019年期間經(jīng)濟(jì)損失總額約為10億美元。在此期間，大豆的凈收入下降了10%，而玉米的收入下降了20%。雨林基金會(RFN)的林業(yè)專家顧問安德斯·克羅格(AndersKrogh)表示，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，森林砍伐對全球糧食安全構(gòu)成了威脅。)”可知，作者在該段中通過列出具體的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，如經(jīng)濟(jì)損失總額、大豆和玉米的收入下降百分比等，來支持其觀點(diǎn)。故選A?！?3題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Plus,reforestingcouldevenchangerainfalltrends:thereportconcludesthatiftheBrazilianstateofParáweretoreforest55,000km2offarmingland,theraincouldcomeonaveragefivedaysearlier,andupto19insomeareas.(此外，重新造林甚至可以改變降雨趨勢：報(bào)告得出結(jié)論，如果巴西帕拉州能夠?qū)?.5萬平方公里的耕地進(jìn)行重新造林，那么雨水可能會平均提前5天到來，在某些地區(qū)甚至可能提前19天到來。)”和“though(不過)”可知，就目前而言，這似乎是一個難題。由此可知，“atallorder”指的是一個難以實(shí)現(xiàn)或要求過高的任務(wù)，即一個難題。選項(xiàng)A“一個難題”符合題意。故選A。【34題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“BritaldoSoares-Filho,aresearcheratUFMGandthereport’sleadauthor,hopesthatconcentratingonthefinancialeffectofdeforestation,ratherthanabstractmodelling,canchangefarmers’minds.(UFMG的研究員、該報(bào)告的主要作者布里塔爾多·索阿雷斯·菲略希望，把注意力集中在森林砍伐的經(jīng)濟(jì)影響上，而不是抽象的建模上，可以改變農(nóng)民的想法。)”可知，BritaldoSoares-Filho認(rèn)為農(nóng)民應(yīng)該關(guān)注森林砍伐對經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響。故選D?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“ButastudyreleasedinOctoberbytheFederalUniversityofMinasGerais(UFMG)andRainforestFoundationNorway(RFN)showstheextenttowhichdeforestationishurtingfarmerstoo.(但米納斯吉拉斯聯(lián)邦大學(xué)(UFMG)和挪威雨林基金會(RFN)10月發(fā)布的一項(xiàng)研究顯示，森林砍伐對農(nóng)民的傷害程度也很大。)”和第二段“Thereportshowsthatthepracticeofclear-cuttingintheBrazilianAmazonledtoreducedcropproduction,resultingintotaleconomiclossesofabout$1billionbetween2006and2019.(報(bào)告顯示，巴西亞馬孫地區(qū)的皆伐導(dǎo)致農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量減少，2006年至2019年期間經(jīng)濟(jì)損失總額約為10億美元。)”可知，文章主要討論了森林砍伐對農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)及經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響，選項(xiàng)A“砍伐森林：它能增加收入？”這個標(biāo)題能夠引發(fā)讀者對森林砍伐與農(nóng)民收入之間關(guān)系的思考，與短文的主題緊密相關(guān)。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。AccordingtoscientistShirleyMueller,collectingfeedsthepleasurecenterofthebrain,butwithoutthedrawbacksofalcoholorsmoking.“___36___.”saysMueller.“Andit’salsoawayforthecollectortotemporarilyletgooftheburdensintheirlivesandfindjoyinthemoment.”___37___.Morethan100,000yearsago,ourancestorssearchedforstones,shells,andotheruselessobjectsjustastheyhuntedforfood.Inmoderntimes,whilesomepeoplecollectasastatementofwhotheyare,otherscollectasaninvestmentorasourceofpleasure.Collectingrequiresattainingknowledge.Youhavetofigureoutwhereyoucanfindthedesireditems,whatthey’reworth,andhowyouwillorganizeanddisplayyourcollections.Thoseactivitiesstimulateareasofthebraininvolvedinitsfunctioning,skillsthatinclu