中考英語題型專項訓(xùn)練：閱讀理解（新聞報道15題）附答案

2024初中英語中考題型匯編高分訓(xùn)練

訓(xùn)練35閱讀理解（新聞報道精選15題）

（一）

“Pleasedon'tgotoWuhanififsnotreallynecessary.^^ZhongNanshan,afamousexpert,saidwhenthe

COVID-19（新型冠狀病毒肺炎）hitWuhan.Atthesametime,Zhong,84,wentonatriptoWuhantofightthe

disease.

Chinesepeoplesharedhispicturesandwordsonline,saying“theybelieveeverywordZhongsays”.Hegave

Chinesepeopleconfidenceandhopeinwinningthisfight.

Asadoctor,Zhongsaidhisgoalwasalwaystosaveasmanylivesaspossible.In2003,whenSARShitChina,

heaskedotherdoctorstosendtheirmostseriouspatientstohim.Aftermonthsofhardwork,hesavedthousandsof

lives.

Now,ZhongwasonceagainleadinganexpertteamtodealwiththeCOVID-19.Thisnewviruswasmore

dangeroustooldpeople,butZhongworriedlittleabouthisownsafety.OnJan.18,2020,hetookahigh-speedtrain

fromGuangzhoutoWuhan.Twodayslater,hebecamethefirstexperttotellthepublicthattheviruscouldgofrom

persontoperson.OnJan.29,heandhisteamspentoverfourhoursonlinecheckingfivepatients.

Indifficulttimes,manypeoplealwaysbringothersandconfidence.84-year-oldZhongNanshanisoneof

them.

1.Fromthefirstparagraphwecanknowthat.

A.noonecouldgotoWuhanB.ZhongisagreatheroC.thediseaseisnotserious

2.Theunderlinedword“confidence“inthesecondparagraphmeans""inChinese.

A.信心B.財寶C.才華

3.HowdidZhonggotoWuhanfromGuangzhou?

A.Byplane.B.Bycar.C.Byhigh-speedtrain.

4.WhatdidZhongdowhenhegottoWuhantwodayslater?

A.Hecheckedmanypatientsonline.

B.Hetoldpeoplethediseasewasdangerous.

C.Hewenttothehospitaltoworkatonce.

5.Thepassageaboveprobablycomesfrom_________.

A.anadvertisementB.astorybookC.anewspaper

【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.B5.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講了在新型冠狀病毒肺炎爆發(fā)期間,84歲的鐘南山院士,不顧個人安危，到達武漢，與專家團

隊一起抗擊疫情，成為百姓心中的“定海神針”.

1.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)"Atthesametime,Zhong,84,wentonatriptoWuhantofightthedisease.”可知,鐘南山院士

不顧個人安危到武漢抗擊新型冠狀病毒肺炎，通過這件事來告訴我們鐘南山院士是一位偉大的英雄.故選B.

2.詞義猜測題.根據(jù)"Chinesepeoplesharedhispicturesandwordsonline,saying'theybelieveeverywordZhong

says」”可知，人們都相信他說的話,由此可判斷他是一個值得信賴的人，因為他能給人們帶來信心和希望，因此

cofidence意為“信心”.故選A.

3.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)"OnJan.18,2020,hetookahigh-speedtrainfromGuangzhoutoWuhan.”可知，他乘坐的是

廣州至武漢的高鐵.故選C.

4.推理判斷題.根據(jù)"Twodayslater,hebecamethefirstexperttotellthepublicthattheviruscouldgofrom

persontoperson.”可知,兩天后，他告訴人們這種疾病會人傳人，由此可推斷這個疾病是很危險的.故選B.

5.推理判斷題.通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了鐘南山院士在疫情爆發(fā)期間所做的貢獻,由此可推斷本文是一

篇新聞報道,應(yīng)該來自報紙.故選C.

（二）

Mobilephoneshavebecomeaproblemformiddleschools.TheEducationDepartmentofChinahas

announcedthatschoolsshouldban（禁止）studentsfromcarryingmobilephonesduringschoolhours.

Mobilephoneuseamongchildrenhasbecomeaproblem.Severalchildrenhavegotmobilephonesfrom

parentsandrelativesasgifts,andmorestudentswillwantthem.

Anexpertsaidmobilephoneusewasadistraction（分心、的事）tostudentsduringschoolhours.Teacherswere

alsosayingthatsometimesstudentsmightusephonestochatorplaygameinclass.Somestudentscouldusethem

tocheatduringexams.

Theexpertsaidsomeschoolshadtriedtobanmobilephones.Someparentsfeltunhappybecausethey

couldn'tcalluptheirchildren.

Manyteacherssaidstudentsshouldnothavemobilephonesatschool,butiftherewasagoodreason,they

couldleavetheirphonesatschooloffice.

Manypeoplesaythattheyunderstandwhyparentswouldwanttheirchildrentohavephones,buttheythink

schoolsshouldletthestudentsknowwhentheycanusetheirsmobilephones.

Themobilephoneisadouble-edgedsword(雙刃僉(J)forteenagers.Howtosolvetheproblemreasonably?Ifs

wellworthconsidering.

1.Schoolsshouldbanstudentsfromcarryingmobilephones.

A.whentheyarebusywithhomeworkB.whentheyareatlunchtime

C.whentheyarehavingafterschoolclassesD.Whentheyareatschool

2.Accordingtothepassage,weknowthatsomechildrengetmobilephonesfrom________.

A.theirparentsandfriendsB.themakersandsellers

C.TheirparentsandrelativesD.theclassmatesandstrangers

3.Whatmightstudentsusemobilephonestododuringschoolhoursinthispassage?

A.Theymightwatchvideos.B.Theymightchatorplaychess.

C.Theycouldcheatinhomework.D.Theymightchat,playgamesinclassorcheatinexams.

4.Manyteacherssaidifstudentshadgoodreasons,theycouldleavetheirphonesat.

A.schoolyardB.schoolofficeC.schoollibraryD.policeoffice

5.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

A.Someparentswereunhappybecausetheycouldn'tcalluptheirchildren.

B.Manypeoplecan'tunderstandwhyparentswouldwanttheirchildrentohavephones.

C.Studentsshouldn'thavemobilephonesatschoolunlesstheyhavespecialreasons.

D.Studentsshouldhavetheirownmobilephonesatschool.

【答案】1.D2.C3.D4.B5.C

【分析】本文是新聞報道，關(guān)注的是手機進校園問題，指出手機對青少年來說是一把雙刃劍，除非有特殊原因?qū)W

生不應(yīng)該在學(xué)校有手機.

1.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)"TheEducationDepartmentofChinahasannouncedthatschoolsshouldbanstudentsfrom

carryingmobilephonesduringschoolhours”,可知禁止學(xué)生在學(xué)校攜帶手機，故選D.

2.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)“Severalchildrenhavegotmobilephonesfromparentsandrelativesasgifts,andmore

studentswillwantthem”,可知一些孩子從他們的父母和親戚那里得到手機，故選C.

3.細節(jié)理角星題.根據(jù)"Teacherswerealsosayingthatsometimesstudentsmightusephonestochatorplaygamein

class.Somestudentscouldusethemtocheatduringexams”,可知他們可能在課堂上聊天、玩游戲或考試作弊，故

選D.

4.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)"Manyteacherssaidstudentsshouldnothavemobilephonesatschool,butiftherewasagood

reason,theycouldleavetheirphonesatschooloffice”可知，如果學(xué)生有充分的理由,他們可以把手機放在學(xué)校辦

公室，故選B.

5.主旨大意題.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合“TheEducationDepartmentofChinahasannouncedthatschoolsshouldban

studentsfromcarryingmobilephonesduringschoolhours”以及"Manypeoplesay...theythinkschoolsshouldlet

thestudentsknowwhentheycanusetheirsmobilephones”可知，這篇文章主要告訴人們，除非有特殊原因?qū)W生不

應(yīng)該在學(xué)校有手機.“Studentsshouldn'thavemobilephonesatschoolunlesstheyhavespecialreasons”符合文意,

故選C.

（三）

CarmakerWillMakeElectricVehiclesOnlyby2030

TheSwedishcarmakerannouncedthisweekthatitwillonlymakeelectriccarsby2030.

Thesecondlargecarcompanysaysitwillstopmakingtraditionalinternalcombustion（燃燒）engines.In

January,AmericancarmakerGeneralMotorssaiditwouldonlymakebattery-poweredcarsby2035.HenrikGreen,

thechiefofthecartechnologyofficer,saidthat"thereisnolong-term（長期的）future“forcarswithtraditional

engines.Ifyouwanttobuyoneofthesecarsinaboutnineyears,youwillhavetomakeyourorderonline.Youwill

stillbeabletolookatcarsatacarstore,however,thepresentcarstores,whichareknownasdealerships（供應(yīng)商）,

willremaininplacesocustomerscanlookatcarsandhavethemrepaired.

Inmakingtheannouncement,theysaiditalsoplanstoshowanewelectriccar.Theautomobilecompanysaid

ithopesthatwithinfouryears,halfofitssalesaroundtheworldwillcomefromelectriccars.Theotherhalfwill

comefromcarsknownashybrids（混合物）.Hybridcarsuseacombinationofbatteriesandtraditionalenginesto

movethecar.Greensaidthemovetoelectriccarswillhelpthem"meettheexpectationsofourcustomersandbe

partofthesolutionwhenitcomestofightingclimatechange”.

Astechnologyimprovesandgovernmentstrytoreducepollution,morecarmakersareincreasingproduction

ofelectriccars.

1.Whatdidthecarmakersaidthisweek?

A.Ithadmadesomeelectriccars.B.Itwillmaketraditionalcarsby2030.

C.Itwon'tmakeelectriccars.D.Itwon'tmaketraditionalcars.

2.Ifyouwanttobuyoneoftheelectriccarsinaboutnineyears,youwill.

A.havetomakeyourorderatstore.B.beabletolookatcarsonline.

C.haveyourcarrepairedatacarstore.D.beablesellyourcaronline.

3.HenrikGreenimplied（日音示）that.

A.theywillstopproducingtraditionalcars

B.traditionalcarshaveabrightfuture

C.theywillproducetraditionalcarsintheshort-term

D.theyhavenoplanforproducingcars

4.Theunderlinedword“batteries“inthepassagemeans_inChinese.

A.汽油B.電池C.混合D.太陽能

5.Thepurposeofwritingthepassagemaybeto.

A.encouragepeopletoproduceelectriccars

B.encouragepeopletouseelectriccars

C.encouragecarmakerstostopproducingtraditionalcars

D.encouragecarmakerstoproducenewcarswithlesspollution

【答案】1.D2.C3.A4.B5.D

【分析】文章介紹了隨著技術(shù)的進步和環(huán)保的考慮，越來越多的汽車制造商，如沃爾沃等，正在增加電動汽車的

生產(chǎn)，未來電動汽車將占主要地位.

1.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)"TheSwedishcarmakerannouncedthisweekthatitwillonlymakeelectriccarsby2030.”可

知汽車制造商這周說將只生產(chǎn)電動汽車而不生產(chǎn)傳統(tǒng)汽車.故選D.

2.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)“Ifyouwanttobuyoneofthesecarsinaboutnineyears,youwillhavetomakeyourorder

online.Youwillstillbeabletolookatcarsatacarstore,however,thepresentcarstores,whichareknownas

dealerships,willremaininplacesocustomerscanlookatcarsandhavethemrepaired.“可知如果想在九年后買

電動汽車，可以在汽車店修車.故選C.

3.推理判斷題.根據(jù)"HenrikGreen,thechiefofthecartechnologyofficer,saidthat'thereisnolong-termfixture”

forcarswithtraditionalengines."可知HenrickGreen講到用傳統(tǒng)引擎的汽車將沒有長遠未來，由此推出他在暗

示他們將停止生產(chǎn)傳統(tǒng)汽車.故選A.

4.詞義猜測題.根據(jù)"Greensaidthemovetoelectriccarswillhelpthem...”可知此處指電動汽車和傳統(tǒng)汽車的

混合,batteries應(yīng)是“電池”的意思.故選B.

5.推理判斷題.文章介紹了隨著技術(shù)的進步和環(huán)保的考慮，越來越多的汽車制造商，如沃爾沃等，正在增加電動

汽車的生產(chǎn),未來電動汽車將占主要地位.由此推出寫這篇文章是為了鼓勵汽車制造商生產(chǎn)污染更少的新車.

故選D.

（四）

ChinacalleditsfirstMarsrover（漫游車）"Zhurong”,afiregodinancientChinesestories.ttZhurong^^stands

fortherover5ssymbolictasktoignitethehopeofChina5sinter-planetaryexploration（星際探索），encourage

humanstoexploretheuniverseandpushhumanstokeepmovingforward.

TheChineseMarsrover“Zhurong“movedfromitslandingplatformontotheRedPlanetat10:40am

Saturday,May22,startingitsexplorationaroundthelandingarea,accordingtotheChinaNationalSpace

Administration.

TheChinaNationalSpaceAdministrationsaidonSaturdayafternoonthataccordingtotheinformationsent

backtothegroundcontrol,therover?sdeploymentwascarriedoutsafelyandsmoothly,addingthatithasalready

begunscientifictasks.Thetasksofthe240-kilogramrobotincludediscoveringMars'landforms,locationsofwater

andice,environmentaltraits（特征）andotherphysicalfields.

Saturday'sachievementisthesymbolofthebeginningofanewstepintheTianwen1mission,oneofthe

mostdifficultspaceadventureshumanshaveevertried.BeforeTianwen1,nocountryhadevertriedtosendan

orbiter（軌道飛行器）,alanderandaroverinonesingletraveltoMars.Ourcountryhasmadeagreatcontribution

（貢獻）tohumans9understandingoftheRedPlanet.

1.WhendidtheMarsrover^4Zhurong^^landontheRedPlanet?

A.May20.B.May21.C.May22.D.May23.

2.Theunderlinedword"ignite"meansinChinese.

A.熄滅B.促進C.澆灌D.點燃

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthetasksofthe240-kilogramrobot?

A.DiscoveringMars5landforms.B.Discoveringgrowingofplants.

C.Discoveringenvironmentaltraits.D.Discoveringlocationsofwaterandice.

4.HowdoesthewriterfeelforSaturday'sachievement?

A.Sorry.B.Proud.C.Worried.D.Nervous.

5.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.ThedevelopmentofspaceB.Thehistoryof"Zhurong”

C.Thesuccessfullandingof"Zhurong”D.ThedevelopmentoffirstMarsrover

【答案】1.C2.D3.B4.B5.C

［導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了中國首輛火星車“祝融”號成功登陸火星.

1.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文中“TheChineseMarsrover"Zhurong"movedfromitslandingplatformontotheRedPlanet

at10:40amSaturday,May22,startingitsexplorationaroundthelandingarea,accordingtotheChinaNational

SpaceAdministration.”可知，“祝融”號火星車是5月22日登陸的.故選C.

2.詞句猜測題.木艮據(jù)下文“encouragehumanstoexploretheuniverseandpushhumanstokeepmovingfbrward.^^

可知，鼓勵人類探索宇宙，推動人類不斷前進，可知上文是““祝融”代表著月球車的象征性任務(wù)，點燃了中國星際

探索的希望''，劃線單詞ignite的意思是“點燃”.故選D.

3.推理判斷題.根據(jù)文中“Thetasksofthe240-kilogramrobotincludediscoveringMars5landforms,locationsof

waterandice,environmentaltraits（特征）andotherphysicalfields.”可知，這個重達240公斤的機器人的任務(wù)包

括:發(fā)現(xiàn)火星的地形;發(fā)現(xiàn)環(huán)境特征;發(fā)現(xiàn)水和冰的位置.選項B是錯誤的，故選B.

4.觀點態(tài)度題.根據(jù)文中“Saturday飛achievementisthesymbolofthebeginningofanewstepintheTianwen1

mission,oneofthemostdifficultspaceadventureshumanshaveevertried.BeforeTianwen1,nocountryhadever

triedtosendanorbiter（軌道飛彳亍器）,alanderandaroverinonesingletraveltoMars.Ourcountryhasmadea

greatcontribution（貢獻）tohumans9understandingoftheRedPlanet.”可知，對于Saturday的成就，作者感到非常

的自豪.故選B.

5.標(biāo)題歸納題.通讀整篇短文可知，這篇短文主要介紹了“祝融”成功登陸的好消息.選項C符合題意，故選C.

（五）

ReachingtheEnd

TheAmazonrainforestismovingtowarda“tippingpoint（臨界點）“pastwhichtreeswillstarttodieoffin

largenumbers,researchershavesaid.TheAmazonrainforestislosingitsabilitytorecover.Itcouldturninto

savanna（大草原）.Thischangewouldbeaproblemfortheworld.TheAmazonstoreslotsofcarbonandallofthat

wouldbereleasedintotheatmosphere,whichwouldthenfurthercontributetoincreasingtemperaturesandhave

futureeffectsonglobalmeantemperatures.

NASAisreadytolaunchtheMegaMoonRocketthissummer.Therocketis98meterstallandcanmake4

millionkilogramsofthrust（推力），makingittheworld'smostpowerfulrocket,saidNASA.Itwillbeabletocarry

morethan30tonsofcargo（貨物）tothemoon.Thehugerocketisalsoexpectedtosendthefirstwomanandfirst

personofcolortothemoonby2025intheOrioncapsule,accordingtotheDailyMail.

ProcessingPigs'Feelings

Artificialintelligence（AI）hasbeenusedinsomeofthemostadvanceddevices（設(shè)備）.Nowitishelping

translatethefeelingsofpigs,accordingtoanewstudy.Aninternationalresearchteamtrainedacomputertolearn

whetherpigswereexperiencingpositiveornegativefeelings.TheyusedAItoanalyzesoundsrecordedfrommore

than400pigs.Thetechnologymaybeusedinthefuturetostudythementalwell-beingofotheranimals.

1.Inwhichsectioncanyoureadthepassagesabove?

A.DiscoveryandTechnology.

B.NatureandEnvironment.

C.CultureandEducation.

D.HomeandAbroad.

2.WhatwouldtheworldbelikewithouttheAmazonrainforest?

A.Lesscarbonwouldbereleasedintotheatmosphere.

B.Therewouldbemoresavannas.

C.Humanbeingswouldfaceatippingpoint.

D.Globalwarmingwouldspeedup.

3.Thebestheadingforthesecondnewswouldbe.

A.MakingtheMostPowerfulRocket

B.SendingtheFirstWomantotheMoon

C.ReadyingforLiftojf

D.ShowingtheFuturePlans

4.Ifsclearthatartificialintelligencecan.

A.trainacomputer

B.helptranslatepigs'feelings

C.experiencehappyorsadfeelings

D.analyzeanysoundsrecordedbyresearchers

5.Itcanbeinferredthat.

A.theAmazonrainforestwilldisappearinthenearfuture

B.theMegaMoonRocketwillsendtwoastronautstothespace

C.newtechnologymayallowustounderstandourpetdog'sfeelings

D.theMegaMoonRocketisthelargestrocketintheworld

【答案】1.A2.D3.C4.B5.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了三個新聞.

1.推理判斷題.根據(jù)“NASAisreadytolaunchtheMegaMoonRocketthissummer.（美國宇航局準(zhǔn)備在今年夏天

發(fā)射超級月球火箭.）”以及"Artificialintelligence（AI）hasbeenusedinsomeofthemostadvanceddevices.Now

itishelpingtranslatethefeelingsofpigs,accordingtoanewstudy.（人工智能被用于一些最先進的設(shè)備中.根據(jù)

一項新的研究，現(xiàn)在它正在幫助翻譯豬的感受.）”可知,均與科學(xué)技術(shù)有關(guān);因此你能在發(fā)現(xiàn)和技術(shù)中讀到上面

的文章.故選A.

2.推理判斷題.根據(jù)“TheAmazonstoreslotsofcarbonandallofthatwouldbereleasedintotheatmosphere,

whichwouldthenfurthercontributetoincreasingtemperaturesandhavefutureeffectsonglobalmean

temperatures.”可知,亞馬遜雨林儲存了大量的碳，因此如果沒有亞馬遜雨林，它當(dāng)中的碳便釋放到大氣層中，全

球變暖將加速.故選D.

3.最佳標(biāo)題題.通讀第二條新聞可知，該新聞主要講述了美國航天局準(zhǔn)備發(fā)射火箭，因此第二個新聞的最佳標(biāo)

題是“ReadyingfbrLiftoff故選C.

4.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)"Nowitishelpingtranslatethefeelingsofpigs,accordingtoanewstudy.“可知，根據(jù)一項新

的研究，現(xiàn)在人工智能能幫助理解豬的感受.故選B.

5.推理判斷題.根據(jù)"Thetechnologymaybeusedinthefuturetostudythementalwell-beingofotheranimals.5,

可知，這項技術(shù)將來可能用于研究其他動物的心理健康狀況，由此可知新技術(shù)可以讓我們了解寵物狗的感受.

故選C.

（六）

StudentsaimingtoenterTsinghuaUniversity（清華大學(xué)）thisyearhadbetterhavetheabilitytoswimor

preparetolearnswimmingandpassaswimtestsincethewell-knownuniversitywillnotpresentthecertificate（證

書）totheirstudentsiftheycannotswim.

OnMondayMarch27th,BeijingDailyNewsreportedthatnewstudentsatTsinghuaUniversitywillhaveto

takeswimmingcourses.Iftheyfailintheswimmingtestduringtheirstudy,theywon'treceivetheirdegreesifthey

cannotswimbeforetheirgraduation（畢業(yè)）.

Whydoestheuniversityrelatetheswimmingabilitywithdegrees?LiuBo,theheadoftheSportsScienceand

PhysicalEducation,said,"Asasurvivalskill,studentscankeepthemselvessafefromdangerwhentheyarein

water.Studentscanalsobenefitalotfromswimming,sinceitishelpfulinimprovingstudents*physicalabilitiesas

awatersport."

Whetherit'ssummerornot,swimmingcankeepyourselfup,energetic,andactive.Regularswimmingisa

goodwaytokeeppeoplehealthy.Swimmingalsodoesthejobofmakingyourskinsoft,younger,andhealthier.

Playingwithwatermakespeoplefeelyoung,anditwashesawayallthenegativefeelingsthatyouhave.Peoplecan

alsogetpleasurefromswimming.

Moreover,italsorelaxespeople'smindinsomeways.Nowagreatdealofpeoplesufferfromstresscoming

fromstudy,work,family,andotheraspectsoflife.Accordingtosurveys,74%ofpeoplesaythatthefeelingof

stresshasgreatlyreduced,andinfact,someofthemdidnotfeelthepressure（壓力）whentheyareinthewater.

1.IfstudentsaimtoenterTsinghuaUniversitythisyear,whatshouldtheydo?

A.Theymustworkhardtogethighmarks.

B.Itisagoodideatogetacertificateontheirown.

C.Theyhadbettermakethemselvesabletoswim.

D.TheyshouldaskforhelpfromLiuBo.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"苴"inParagraph4mean?

A.improvingstudents*physicalabilitiesB.keepingpeoplehealthy

C.makingyourskinsoftD.playingwithwater

3.Howmaymostofpeoplefeelwhentheyareinthewater?

A.Tired.B.Relaxed.C.Surprised.D.Confident.

4.Whatdoweknowaboutswimmingfromthepassage?

A.LiuBothinkshavingtheskillofswimmingisunimportant.

B.Swimmingreducesstudents1physicalabilitieswhileswimming.

C.Peoplecanachievepleasurefromswimming.

D.StudentsinTsinghuaUniversitycanreceivetheirdegreesiftheycannotswim.

5.Thispassageisprobablyfrom.

A.anovelB.anewspaperC.asciencereportD.afashionmagazine

【答案】1.C2.D3.B4.C5.B

【分析】文章大意:清華大學(xué)要求學(xué)生在畢業(yè)前必須通過游泳測試引出話題，向我們介紹了學(xué)校為何將游泳與

學(xué)位證書聯(lián)系在一起，進而講了游泳的諸多好處.

1.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第1段內(nèi)容“StudentsaimingtoenterTsinghuaUniversity（清華大學(xué)）thisyearhadbetterhave

theabilitytoswimorpreparetolearnswimmingandpassaswimtestsincethewell-knownuniversitywillnot

presentthecertificate（證書）totheirstudentsiftheycannotswim.”可知學(xué)生想要進入清華大學(xué)，最好學(xué)會游泳.故

選C.

2.詞義猜測題.根據(jù)it所在語境“Playingwithwatermakespeoplefeelyoung,anditwashesawayallthenegative

feelingsthatyouhave.”可矢口it指代playingwithwater.故選D.

3.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)最后一段中"Accordingtosurveys,74%ofpeoplesaythatthefeelingofstresshasgreatly

reduced,andinfact,someofthemdidnotfeelthepressure（壓力）whentheyareinthewater.”可知大多數(shù)人在水

中覺得很輕松.故選B.

4.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第4段中“Peoplecanalsogetpleasurefi-omswimming.”可知C項正確.故選C.

5.推理判斷題.本文主要講清華大學(xué)要求學(xué)生在畢業(yè)前必須通過游泳測試及游泳的諸多好處.不選自小說、

科學(xué)報告和時尚雜志中，應(yīng)是選自一份報紙.故選B.

【點睛】這是一篇新聞報告閱讀，由新聞引出話題.題中涉及細節(jié)理解題、詞義猜測題、推理判斷題.詞義猜測

題需要將單詞本身放在語境中,根據(jù)語境來猜測詞義.第2小題根據(jù)it所在語境就可確認其指代的內(nèi)容.推理判

斷題，需要根據(jù)短文已有內(nèi)容來推出答案,不能憑空想象.第5小題可以根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容來推出文章的出

處，也可以根據(jù)選項結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容一一排除，最后得出答案.

（七）

Microplastics（微塑料）haveenteredseeminglyeverypartoftheplanettoday,includingrainovertheRocky

Mountains.RecentlyGermanscientistshaveevenfoundtheminArctic（北極）snow.

Microplasticsarepiecesofplasticsmallerthan5millimeters.Sadly,scientistsfound1,800piecesof

microplasticperliterofsnow.

ScientistshavebeenpuzzlingoverhowthisfloodofpollutionmakesitswaytotheArctic.Anewstudyfrom

Germany'sAlfredWegenerInstituteforPolarandMarineResearchfindsthatmicroplasticsinthesnowcomefrom

theair.Theyfalloffandaremovedbythewind,justlikedust.TheymixwithiceintheairandfallintheArcticas

snow.

FindingtheseplasticsinArcticsnowmeansthatwemaybreathethemin.Anevenhigheramountof

microplasticwasfoundinthesnowaroundcities.

Aretheybadforus?Scientistscannotanswerthisquestionfornow,accordingtotheWorldHealth

Organization.Wedoknowthatourbodiescannottakein“l(fā)arge“piecesofmicroplastics.However,iftheplastics

aresmallenough,theycanfindwaysintoourbodiesandstaythereforalongtime,whichcanbebadforourhealth.

Whafsmore,earlierstudieshaveshownthatmicroplasticsmaycontributetolungcancerrisk.

Microplasticshavealsobeenfoundinriversandoceansaroundtheworld.Theresearchhasfoundthatthey

flowoverlongdistancesandintooceans,doingharmtoecosystems（生態(tài)系統(tǒng)）alongtheway.Theystartinour

wastewater,whenwewashclotheswithplasticfibers（纖維）.Thewastewaterthenflowsintoriversandouttosea,

wheretheyareeatenbyseaanimals.Ifpeopletheneattheseanimals,itmeansthatwe'reeatingtheplasticaswell.

1.WhathaveGermanscientistsdiscoveredabouttheArctic?

A.Differentkindsoftrashhavebeenfoundthere.B.Ithasbeenpollutedbymicroplastics.

C.ItremainsthelastcleanplaceleftontheEarth.D.1,800piecesofmicroplasticwerefoundthere.

2.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytellus?

A.WherethemicroplasticinArcticcomesfrom.B.WhattheArcticsnowislike.

C.HowtocutdownonmicroplasticsintheArctic.D.Howdangerousmicroplasticsare.

3.Whichistherightorderofthefollowingevents?

a.Microplasticsflowoveralongwayandintooceans.

b.Peoplethenhavemicroplasticsintheirbodiesbyeatingseaanimals.

c.Thewastewaterwithmicroplasticsflowsintorivers.

d.Wewashclotheswithplasticfibers.

e.Seaanimalseatsomemicroplastics.

A.a-b-c-d-eB.a-c-d-b-eC.c-b-e-d-aD.d-c-a-e-b

4.Whatdowelearnfromthepassage?

A.Microplasticsareamaincauseoflungcancer.

B.Microplasticsaremainlyfoundinriversandoceans.

C.Microplasticscanbebadfortheenvironmentandourhealth.

D.Seaanimalsareindangerbecauseofplasticpollution.

5.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.RainwithPlasticovertheRockyMountainsB.ScientistsfromGermany'sAlfredWegenerInstitute

C.TinyPiecesofPlasticFoundinArcticSnowD.ArcticWeatherandthePolarEnvironment

【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.C5.C

【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道，講述了德國科學(xué)家在北極發(fā)現(xiàn)了微塑料，它不僅對生態(tài)環(huán)境有害,最終還會通過

海鮮進入人體對人類健康造成危害.

1.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)原文“RecentlyGermanscientistshaveevenfoundtheminArctic（北極）snow”可知，德國科學(xué)

家甚至在北極發(fā)現(xiàn)了微塑料.故選B.

2.主旨大意題.根據(jù)原文“Scientistshavebeenpuzzlingoverhowthisfloodofpollutionmakesitswaytothe

Arctic”可知，本段主要說的是北極的微塑料是從哪里來的.故選A.

3.細節(jié)理解題.通讀全文可知，事件的發(fā)生順序是:洗衣過程中掉落塑料纖維T含微塑料的廢水流入河流T微

塑料流過很長一段路進入海洋一海洋動物吃進一些微塑料一然后，人們通過食用海鮮往體內(nèi)攝入微塑料.故

選D.

4.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)原文"iftheplasticsaresmallenough,theycanfindwaysintoourbodiesandstaytherefora

longtime,whichcanbebadforourhealth...Theresearchhasfoundthattheyflowoverlongdistancesandinto

oceans,doingharmtoecosystems（生態(tài)系統(tǒng)）alongtheway”可知，微塑料對人體和生態(tài)環(huán)境都有害.故選C.

5.最佳標(biāo)題.本文是一篇新聞報道，講述了德國科學(xué)家在北極發(fā)現(xiàn)了微塑料，它不僅對生態(tài)環(huán)境有害，最終還會

通過海鮮進入人體對人類健康造成危害.故選C.

（八）

Vocationaleducation（職業(yè)教育）ishopedtogrowrapidlyinChinaasthegovernmentcontinuestoencourage

high-qualitydevelopment.

Inarecentreport,PresidentXiJinpingsaidvocationaleducationhasa"brightfutureandgreatdevelopment.^^

Hecalledforspeedingupthedevelopmentofthevocationaleducationsysteminordertotrainmoreskilled

technicalprofessionals（專業(yè)人員）.

ChinaYouthDailydidasurveyonApril29,2021.Theyasked1000parentsabouttheirattitudetowards

vocationaleducation.Theresultsshowthat66percentofparentsarewillingtolettheirchildrenreceivevocational

education.

Atpresent,thereare11,300vocationalschoolsacrossChinawith30.88millionstudents,formingtheworld's

largestvocationaleducationsystem,accordingtoChinaDaily.However,althoughChinahasmillionsofworkers,

there9sstillagreatneedforhigh-leveltechnicianssuchasAItechnicians（人工智能技術(shù)人員）/Electric

businessman（電商人才）andDataanalyst（數(shù)據(jù)分析師）.

Therehavebeenaseriesofmeasurestoimprovevocationaleducation,TheMinistryofEducation（教育

部）planstosetupaseparateentranceexaminationsystemforvocationalstudents.Collegesanduniversitiesarealso

makingchangestotheirmajors（專業(yè)）totrainmodernskilledworkers.

Thisyear,18collegesanduniversitiesinBeijingareadding46vocationalmajors.Mostofthenewmajors

focusoncutting-edge（尖端的）fields.Forexample,theBeijingCollegeofFinanceandCommercewillhaveamajor

inAItechnicalservices.

Parents5AttitudeTowardsVocationalEducationAGreat