醫(yī)學英語的詞綴類別醫(yī)學醫(yī)藥

匯報人：文小庫2024-01-11TheTypesofMedicalEnglishAffixesandMedicalMedicine延時符Contents目錄OverviewofmedicalEnglishaffixesPrefixCategorySuffixcategoryCompoundaffixescategory延時符Contents目錄TheApplicationofMedicalEnglishAffixesinMedicalMedicine延時符01OverviewofmedicalEnglishaffixesMedicalEnglishaffixesarethesuffixesandprefixesthatareaddedtotherootwordsofmedicaltermstomodifytheirmeaningsTheyareusedtodescribethefunctions,locations,andrelationshipsofbodyparts,issues,andmedicalproceduresMedicalEnglishaffixesareakeycomponentofmedicalvocabulary,astheyhelptocreateavacuumarrayoftermsthatarenecessaryforeffectivecommunicationinthemedicalfieldThedefinitionofmedicalEnglishaffixesClassificationofmedicalEnglishaffixesDemonstrativeattachments:TheseattachmentsareusedtoindicatethelocationorpositionofbodypartsororganizationsForexample,"epi-"(upon,over)in"epistarium"(upperabdomen)Quantitativeaffixes:QuantitativeaffixesareusedtoindicatethequantityorsizeofbodypartsororganizationsForexample,"ple"(many)in"purisy"(inflationofthepurira)Objectiveformingaffixes:TheseaffixesareusedtomodifythemeaningofrootwordsandturnthemintoobjectivesForexample,"chondro-"(cartilage)in"chondromalacia"(softerofcartilage)Verbformingaffixes:Verbformingaffixesareusedtoturnrootwordsintoverbs,indicatingactionsorprocessesrelatedtobodypartsororganizationsForexample,"ectomy"(exception)in"appendix"(removaloftheappendix)延時符02PrefixCategory010203Anteriorantagonist(prefix)meansrewardstothefrontForexample,adverseclinicaldiseaseisasurgicalprocedureperformedontheadversepartoftheclinicalspinePosteriorPosterior(prefix)meansrewardsthebackForinstance,postertitaniumtendonitisisaconditionaffectingthepostertitaniumtendon,locatedonthebackofthelegLaterallateral(prefix)meansrewardstothesideAsanexample,lateralcollateralinjuryoccursonthesideofthekneeAffixesindicatingdirectionmicromeanssmallortinyForinstance,microtiaisaconditioninwhichtheearisabnormallysmallMicromacromeanslargeorhugeMacrocephalically,forinstance,refertoanabnormallylargeheadMacroMegameansverylargeorHugeMegancephaly,forinstance,referstoanabnormallylargebrainMega010203AffixesindicatingquantityAffixesrepresentingpositionssupra-meansaboveoroverSupraspinatusmuscle,forinstance,islocatedabovethespinatusmuscleSupraPro-meansforwardorinfrontofProstatectomy,forinstance,isamajorproceduretoremovetheProstateGlandlocatedinfrontoftherectumProinframeansbeloworbelowInfrastructusmuscle,forinstance,islocatedwithinthespinatusmuscleInfra延時符03SuffixcategoryCardia:heartBronchia:bronchusAffixesrepresentingorganizationsDerma:skinSpleen:SpleenLive:liveAffixesrepresentingorganizations03Stomach:Stomach01Kidney:Kidney02Pancras:pancrasAffixesrepresentingorganizationsAffixesrepresentingorganizationsDuodinum:duodinumIleum:ileumItisinflationOsisdiseaseorconditionMiablooddiseaseAffixesindicatingdiseasesAffixesindicatingdiseasesAlgia:paintIasis:twistedorabnormalconditionPtosis:droopingOsis(generaltermfordisease)TherapytreatmentEctomysurgicalremovalOstomysurgicalopeningGraphproceduretoexamineortestAffixesindicatingtreatmentmethods延時符04CompoundaffixescategoryCompoundaffixescomposedofprefixesandsuffixesPrefixes:PrefixesarethemodifyingelementsthatcomebeforetherootorbasewordInmedicalEnglish,prefixesoftenindicatearelationshipormodifythemeaningofthebasewordForexample,theprefix"bio"in"biochemistry"means"life"or"living,"modifyingthemeaningof"chemistry"toindicatethestudyofchemicalsinlivingthingsSuffixes:SuffixesarethemodifyingelementsthatcomeaftertherootorbasewordInmedicalEnglish,suffixescanindicatearelationship,modifythepartofspeech,orchangethemeaningofthebasewordForexample,thesuffix"-economy"in"appendix"means"removal"or"exception,"modifyingthemeaningof"appendix"toindicatethesurgicalprocedureofremovingtheappendixCompoundsuffixes:InmedicalEnglish,compoundsuffixesareformedwhentwoormoresuffixesarecombinedtomodifyabasewordThesecombinationscancreatenewmeansoremphasizeaspecificaspectofthebaseword'smeaningForexample,theterm"neurology"combinesthesuffix"-ology"(meaning"thestudyof")with"nerve"(meaning"nerve"),creatinganewtermforthestudyofnervesAcompoundaffixcomposedoftwoormoresuffixesCompoundaffixescomposedofprefixes,suffixes,andotherwordsComplexAffixes:InmedicalEnglish,complexaffixesareformedwhenprefixes,suffixes,andotherwordsarecombinedtomodifyabasewordThesecombinationscancreatehighlyspecializedtermsthatarespecifictomedicallanguageForexample,theterm"cardiovascular"combinestheprefix"cardiovascular-"(meaning"heart")withthesuffix"vascular"(meaning"ofbloodvessels"),creatingatermfordiseasesaffectingtheheartandbloodvessels延時符05TheApplicationofMedicalEnglishAffixesinMedicalMedicineTheapplicationofmedicalEnglishaffixesindiseasedescriptionDiseasedescription:MedicalEnglishaffixesareusedinthedescriptionofdiseasestoprovidemorespecificinformationabouttheconditionForexample,thesuffix"-pathy"isoftenusedtodescribeaconditionordisease,suchas"neuropathy"foradiseaseofthenerves要點三AnatomicallocationAffixescanalsoindicatetheanatomicallocationofadisease,suchas"cardiovascular"fordiseasesaffectingtheheartandbloodvessels要點一要點二SeverityanddiagnosisSomemedicalEnglishaffixescanindicatetheseverityofadiseaseoritsdiagnosis,suchas"chronic"foralongtermorsevereconditionand"benign"foranonthreateningconditionCauseandethicsOtheraffixescanindicatethecauseorethicsofadisease,suchas"-induced"foraconditioncausedbyanexternalfactorand"-ase"forenzymesinvolvedinadiseaseprocess要點三TheapplicationofmedicalEnglishaffixesindiseasedescriptionTheapplicationofmedicalEnglishaffixesinthedescriptionoftreatmentmethodsTherapeuticprocedures:MedicalEnglishaffixesareusedinthedescriptionoftreatmentmethodstoindicatethetypeofprocedureorinterventionbeingperformedForexample,thesuffix"-economy"isusedinsurgerytodescribetheremovalofanorganizationorpart,suchas"appendix"fortheremovaloftheappendixMedicationsanddrinks:AffixescanalsobeusedinthenamesofmedicinesanddrinkstoindicatetheirfunctionormechanismofactionForexample,theprefix"anti-"isusedtodescribedrugsthatcounterorinhibitaspecificprocess,suchas"antibiotic"fordrugsthatkillbacteriaNursingandcaring:SomemedicalEnglishaffixesareusedinthedescriptionofnursingandcaringprocedures,suchas"-care"fortheprovisionofcareor"-therapy"foratypeoftreatmentprovidedbyatherapistDiagnosticprocedures:Otheraffixesareusedinthedescriptionofdiagnosticprocedurestoindicatethetypeoftestorexaminationbeingperformed,suchas"-gram"foranimageproducedbyradiologyortomographyTheapplicationofmedicalEnglishaffixesindrugnamesDrugclassification:MedicalEnglishaffixesareoftenusedinthenamesofdrugstoindicatetheirclassif