【素材】05.指導(dǎo)性作文之圖片類-2022年上海高考英語考前寫作沖刺強化集訓(xùn)

備戰(zhàn)高考寫作之備戰(zhàn)高考寫作之圖片類作文理論指導(dǎo)及實戰(zhàn)演練要點精析要點精析一、題型指導(dǎo)圖畫類作文是材料作文的一種特殊形式，是一種變“畫”為文的作文方式。這種題型提供給考生的是圖畫，要求考生在看懂圖畫意思后寫作文，主要訓(xùn)練和考查考生的觀察力、思考力、創(chuàng)造力和表達能力。1．素材貼近生活。圖畫類的書面表達一般都是中學生所熟悉的場景，畫面生動形象，具有趣味性，體現(xiàn)高考書面表達“生活化”的特點。有時候還附帶有英語或漢語說明，考生易獲得直觀信息。2．文體形式多樣。圖畫式作文主要有記敘文、說明文和議論文。二、寫作步驟1．確定文章體裁。這類文章一般以記敘文、說明文和議論文為主。2．確定人稱。如果以日記、回憶錄等形式來寫，一般采用第一人稱；如果是以講故事的形式來寫，則一般采用第三人稱。3．確定時態(tài)。根據(jù)圖畫內(nèi)容及所采用的文章體裁，確定文章所要用的時態(tài)。4．合理、適度的聯(lián)想。這類文章的說明一般都要求考生進行適度的聯(lián)想和發(fā)揮，以便使上下文能更好地連貫起來。5．虛實結(jié)合、詳略得當。對于圖畫中的內(nèi)容，該詳細敘述描寫的，就必須要詳細、具體；可以一筆帶過的就一筆帶過。比如圖畫中所有的時間、數(shù)字或言論須一詞不漏地寫清楚，而有些過程或原因則可適當簡略。三、注意事項1．看圖記敘文的寫作要注意把握寫作素材的時間、地點、人物，以及事件的敘述?？梢圆扇〉箶⒌姆绞?，也可按事件的發(fā)生順序進行描寫。2．看圖議論文的寫作首先要認真閱讀圖畫，把握圖的意義，有時還要注意其隱含的觀點與意圖，并聯(lián)系生活實際進行思考與闡述。3．看圖說明文的寫作要注意觀察圖畫材料，找出所有內(nèi)容，然后按一定的順序有條理地闡述。說明文的敘述順序一般有三種：時間順序、空間順序和邏輯順序(比如按圖畫反映的數(shù)字大小進行敘述)。注意文章開頭與結(jié)尾的呼應(yīng)。四、常用句式1．用于描述圖畫或引入話題的句式①Asisdescribedinthepicture...②Asisshowninthepicture，wecanseeclearlytherelationshipbetween...③Thesightremindsmeofsomethinginmydailylife.2．用于記敘事件經(jīng)過或分析現(xiàn)象的句式①Atfirst...then...fiveminuteslater...finally/intheend/atlast...開始時……然后……五分鐘后……最后……②Someweredoing...，someweredoing...and/whileothersweredoing...一些人在做……，一些人在做……，而另一些人在做……③...was/weredoing...whensb./sth.did...當某事正在發(fā)生時突然又發(fā)生另一件事。④Moreandmorepeoplehavecometorealizetheimportanceof...3．用于發(fā)表議論或總結(jié)的句式①Ifsuchmeasureswerenottaken，theproblemof...wouldbemoreserious.如果不采取這樣的措施的話，……的問題會更加嚴重。②Wecanconcludefromthispicturethat...從這幅圖畫我們可以推斷……③Ashasbeenstatedabove，wemust...如上所述，我們必須……五、圖片作文的模板Asisvividlyshowninthepicture,________(描述圖片).Itisacommonphenomenonthat________(簡單說現(xiàn)象).AsfarasIamconcerned,________(我的觀點).Myreasonsarelistedasfollows.Tobeginwith,________(觀點一)._______(論據(jù)).What’smore,________(觀點二).________(論據(jù)).Lastbutnotleast,________(觀點三).________(論據(jù)).Inconclusion,________________(重復(fù)主題，呼吁人們應(yīng)該這樣做).Onlybydoingthiscanwe__________(美好的憧憬seizeeverygoldenminutetowelcomeasplendidfuture/achieveoursuccessandlivingoutourvalues/).課堂典例課堂典例GuidedWritingDirections:Writeanessayof120-150wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)interpretitsintendedmeaning,3)giveyourcomments.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________作文解析第一段表述圖畫，需包括兩點：三十年前是個什么樣子，現(xiàn)在是什么樣子。三十年前“我”還是個孩子，母親大手拉小手陪伴著我成長;現(xiàn)在，母親上年紀了，我快樂地陪伴在母親的身旁。其實第一段還有兩個需要注意的地方，一是題目要求是一幅圖，大家在寫作時盡量按照一幅圖畫去處理;二是圖畫下面的漢字“相攜”比較難翻譯，不過大家可以意譯為陪伴。第二段涵義闡釋。本段可分兩個方面來具體寫。一方面具體寫明要照顧老人，因為他們?yōu)槲覀兏冻隽俗约旱那啻?另一方面，我們要關(guān)愛兒童的成長，因為他們是我們的未來，祖國的希望。第三段評論和建議。可以指出年輕人應(yīng)該把尊重和照顧年邁的父母視為一種道義責任。另外，父母也要關(guān)注孩子的成長。只有這樣，我們的家庭才能和睦，社會才能更加和諧!參考例文：Asisvividlyillustratedintheleftpartofthedrawing,thirtyyearsago,therestoodadelicatemother,holdingthetinyhandofalovelygirl,whoworearedscarf.Onthecontrary,therightpartofthepicturedescribesthatwithtimeflyingquickly,thelittlegirl,whohasalreadygrownupasagorgeouslady,issupportingheroldmother.Weareinformed:accompanying.Itiswithoutsayingthattheoldandtheyoungaretwoindispensablepartsinsociety.Ontheonehand,whatwehaveandenjoynowwascreatedbyourparentsintheearlydays,astheoldChinesesayinggoes,"Onegenerationplantstressunderwhoseshadeanothergenerationrests".Ontheotherhand,allofusaresupposedtotakegoodcareoftheyoungsters,too.Itischildrenwhomakeusseethefutureofourstate,fortheyarethefuturebuildersofourcountry.Theyoungshouldconsideritamoralobligationrespectingandtakingcareofoldparents.Meanwhile,itisalsothedutyoftheparentstoprotect,educateandlookaftertheyouths.Let'sbearthisinmindandcultivatethatvirtuetogether,becauseonlybydoingso,canwefeelasifwewerelivinginahappyandharmoniousfamily.實戰(zhàn)演練實戰(zhàn)演練演練1GuidedWritingdescribethedrawingbriefly,explainitsintendedmeaning,andgiveyourcomments.寫作思路本圖片的內(nèi)容比較好解讀——人們對美機產(chǎn)生了嚴重依賴，但在解讀深層次的內(nèi)涵時，考生需要朝"科技是一把雙刃劍"這個宏觀的問題論述。即∶科技在為生活帶來便捷的同時，也給人們的生活帶來了不好的影響，人們越來越依賴手機、虛擬社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)，以至于我們忽略了人與人之間的面對面交流。Thepictureshowsagroupofyoungpeoplesittingaroundadinnertable.Ratherthaneatingthefood,theyareabsorbedintheirphonesWhatthepictureconveyisthatpeoplearenowsoattachedtotheirphonesthattheyneglectthepeoplearoundthem.Asthesayinggoes,"Technologyisadouble-edgedsword."'There'snodoubtthatthankstothegreatadvancesintechnologyinthepast20years,suchproductsascomputers,theInternet,smartphonesandsocialnetworkshaveenrichedourlivesconsiderablyandhavebecomeanindispensablepartofoflives.However,atthesametime.smartphonesandtheInternethavechangedusinnegativeways.Forexample,peoplenowspendlesstimetalkingtotheirfriendsorfamily,andevenwhentheirfriendsarejustsittingbesides,theyjustlookattheirphones.Inaword,whiletechnologyhasimprovedourlives,wearebecomingincreasinglydependentuponitPeoplearerelyingoninformationfromtheInternet,relyingonsmartphones,andIseemoreandmorepeoplebecomingisolatedfromeachotherbecauseofafalsesenseofconnection，duetosocialmedia.演練2如圖反映了一種常見的現(xiàn)象：拖延癥（procrastination）．請寫一篇作文，內(nèi)容包括：1．給procrastination下定義；2．用生活中的例子談?wù)勀銓Υ爽F(xiàn)象的看法．【分析】這是一篇圖畫作文，讓我們寫一篇關(guān)于拖延癥（procrastination）的作文，這需要我們發(fā)揮英語思維，將提供的信息用英語完整流暢的表達出來．寫作需要用第三人稱，時態(tài)主要是一般現(xiàn)在時，內(nèi)容要點包括：給procrastination下定義；用生活中的例子談?wù)勀銓Υ爽F(xiàn)象的看法．我們此篇作文分為兩部分，第一部分為拖延癥的定義．第二部分為作者結(jié)合生活實例發(fā)表對拖延癥的看法．重點短語與句型：meandoing意味著做…becauseof因為whenitcomesto當談到，提到relyon依靠，依賴高分句型一：Althoughwe'vebeenconstantlyremindedthattimeandtidewaitsfornoman，whenitcomestothecrux，westillprocrastinateandcomplainsomuch．此句用了that引導(dǎo)賓語從句高分句型二：Andthatisthereasonwhyweareinamaterialisticchasenowadays此句why引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾thereason．【參考范文】Procrastinationmeansdelayinghugeandimportantdealsonuncertaintimebecauseofoutofunderstandinghowwemustdoit（拖延癥的定義）Iwilldomyhomeworktomorrow.That'sasentencemanystudentswillsayatleastonceintheirlifetime.Althoughwe'vebeenconstantlyremindedthattimeandtidewaitsfornoman,whenitcomestothecrux，westillprocrastinateandcomplainsomuch.（高分句型一）Peopleareborntobelazyattimesandtheintrinsicmotivationlevelsaren'thighenoughtowarrantaction.Thus,werelyonextrinsicmotivationtohelppushustocompletethetaskswehaveonhand．Andthatisthereasonwhyweareinamaterialisticchasenowadays.（高分句型二）Becauseextrinsicmotivationblindsoureyestotheintrinsicmotivationsthatweshouldhave.（結(jié)合生活實例發(fā)表對拖延癥的看法．）演練376.Directions：WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-l50wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.仔細閱讀下圖，針對圖片反映的情況，談?wù)勀愕目捶?。你的?nèi)容必須包括：1.簡要描述圖片；

2.分析該情況產(chǎn)生的原因；

3.談?wù)勀愕目捶ê徒ㄗh。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【范文】Fromthepicturegivenabove,wecanobservethatarecruiterisgivinganoffertotheapplicantwithhighereducationaldegree.Meanwhile,anotherapplicantgraduatedfromavocationaltechnicalinstituteiswaitinginlinewithaconfusedlook.Thecartoonrevealsthatthesocietyhasbeenplacingahighervalueoneducationaldegree.Whatfactorsmightcontributetothisphenomenon?Answerstothisquestionmayinvolvemanyaspects,andhereareafewguesses.Foronething,fromthesubjectiveaspect,quiteafewemployersholdthatthehighereducationaldegreepeoplehave,themorecompetenttheywillbe.Foranother,fromtheobjectiveaspect,withtheprofessionsinmodernsocietybecomingincreasinglysegmented,employeesarerequiredtoacquirehigherdegreetofulfilltheirtasksefficiently.AsfarasIamconcerned,educationshouldnotbethesinglestandardinaninterviewtoassessapplicants’ability.Asforthecompanies,itisnotnecessarilyagoodprincipleaswell.Weshouldrealizethattheoperationalcapabilityandserviceabilitycanhelpyoutofindagoodjob.【解析】這是一篇圖畫作文。要求學生就圖畫反應(yīng)的“學歷歧視”問題進行簡要介紹，并分析背后原因和給出自己的觀點。1.詞匯積累困惑的：puzzled→confused導(dǎo)致：leadto→contributeto就我而言：Inmyopinion→AsfarasIamconcerned完成：complete→fulfill2.句式拓展簡單句變復(fù)合句原句：AsfarasIamconcerned,educationshouldnotbethesinglestandardinaninterviewtoassessapplicants’ability.拓展句：AsfarasIamconcerned,educationshouldnotbethesinglestandardwhichassessesapplicants’abilityinaninterview.【點睛】[高分句型1]Fromthepicturegivenabove,wecanobservethatarecruiterisgivinganoffertotheapplicantwithhighereducationaldegree.(運用了過去分詞given作后置定語以及that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句)[高分句型2]Foronething,fromthesubjectiveaspect,quiteafewemployersholdthatthehighereducationaldegreepeoplehave,themorecompetenttheywillbe.(運用了that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句以及“the+比較級，the+比較級”句式)演練4Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.簡要描述圖片，并談?wù)勛约旱目捶ā！緟⒖即鸢浮緼sisvividlydepictedinthepicture,theboyisterriblyshockedwhenhefacesthesummervacationwithcountlesstasks,suchasvariousofhome-worksandtutoringclasses.Thephenomenonreflectsnotonlyhimbutalsomostofus.Thisisbadforourgrowth,bothinmentalandinphysics.Withlotsoftasktodo,wedon'thaveanypossiblesparetimetorelaxforrelieveourtense.Fast-forwardtoseveralmonths,whenwebegintofacethenextsemester,wewillpossiblybetiredandweaktostudyfurther.However,wehavetoattendvariousoftutoringcoursesbecauseofthestudypressure.Theexaminationisbecomingmoreandmoredifficultandourcompetitorsareallattendtheseclasses.Tofollowthepace,wehavenoalternativebuttodosuchthings.Tosumup,Ithinkweshoulddothecourseworkandattendtutoringclasses,butwhatseriouslyisthatmakesurethattheyfityou.【思路點撥】本文是一篇看圖寫作，描述圖片主要內(nèi)容，并寫出自己對它的看法?！揪珳式馕觥吭~匯積累描述：describe→depict許多：alotof→countless步伐：step→pace選擇：choice→alternative2.句式拓展簡單句變復(fù)合句原句：Theexaminationisbecomingmoreandmoredifficultandourcompetitorsareallattendtheseclasses.拓展句：Asourcompetitorsareallattendtheseclasses,theexaminationisbecomingmoreandmoredifficult.【名師指導(dǎo)】[高分句型1]Fast-forwardtoseveralmonths,whenwebegintofacethenext