國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)（雙語(yǔ)）（山東聯(lián)盟）知到智慧樹(shù)章節(jié)測(cè)試課后答案2024年秋山東工商學(xué)院

國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)（雙語(yǔ)）（山東聯(lián)盟）知到智慧樹(shù)章節(jié)測(cè)試課后答案2024年秋山東工商學(xué)院緒論單元測(cè)試

全世界對(duì)于經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的看法是一致的。

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家在同一陣營(yíng)，彼此之間沒(méi)有利益沖突。

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化程度隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)水平的提高而日益加深。

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)

第一章單元測(cè)試

Sovereignnations:

A:AresubjecttolawspassedbytheUnitedNations.B:Oftenignoretheinterestsofforeigners.C:MustcoordinatetheirmonetarypolicywiththeWorldBank.D:Mustbeconcernedwiththeinterestsofforeignerswhendevelopingeconomicpolicy

答案:Oftenignoretheinterestsofforeigners.Politiciansdonoterectbarrierstotradewithothercountriesbecausetheyarealsoconcernedwiththewell-beingofforeigners.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)Labormaybeinternationallymobile,butcapitalandlanddonotmigratefromonecountrytoanother.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)國(guó)家的貿(mào)易政策是國(guó)家利益的體現(xiàn)，而國(guó)家利益是一國(guó)內(nèi)部利益集團(tuán)公共選擇的結(jié)果。

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)資源在世界范圍內(nèi)的配置由大國(guó)的力量決定，大國(guó)可以凌駕于小國(guó)之上。

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)一國(guó)的貿(mào)易政策是動(dòng)態(tài)變化的，國(guó)家與國(guó)家間的經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系也是動(dòng)態(tài)變化的。

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)

第二章單元測(cè)試

Anincreaseindemandwillleadto:

A:Adecreaseinproducersurplus.B:Anincreaseinprice.C:AfallinquantityD:Anincreaseinsupply

答案:Anincreaseinprice.Allofthefollowingcanleadtoanincreaseinthedemandforicecream,anormalgood,EXCEPT:

A:Adecreaseinincome.B:A10%increaseinpopulation.C:Anewscientificstudythatfindseatingicecreamdoesnotcauseweightgain.D:Anincreaseinthepriceofpopsicles.

答案:Adecreaseinincome.生產(chǎn)可能性邊界的形狀取決于該國(guó)的技術(shù)水平、資源稟賦以及兩種商品之間的邊際轉(zhuǎn)換率。

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)機(jī)會(huì)成本可以用邊際轉(zhuǎn)換率表示，機(jī)會(huì)成本有三種狀況，不變、遞增、遞減，分別對(duì)應(yīng)不同形狀的生產(chǎn)可能性邊界。

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)機(jī)會(huì)成本是用Y表示的生產(chǎn)X的邊際成本，相對(duì)價(jià)格是用Y表示的出售X的邊際收益。

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)機(jī)會(huì)成本與相對(duì)價(jià)格之間的關(guān)系，如果機(jī)會(huì)成本小于相對(duì)價(jià)格，該國(guó)會(huì)擴(kuò)大X的生產(chǎn)；如果機(jī)會(huì)成本大于相對(duì)價(jià)格，X的生產(chǎn)規(guī)模會(huì)縮??；兩者相等時(shí)，是生產(chǎn)均衡點(diǎn)。

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)消費(fèi)者的需要與需求不同。

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)消費(fèi)者均衡實(shí)現(xiàn)取決于消費(fèi)者的偏好組合與消費(fèi)者的收入，消費(fèi)均衡點(diǎn)相對(duì)價(jià)格不等于兩種商品的邊際替代率。

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)國(guó)際均衡價(jià)格處于兩國(guó)封閉條件相對(duì)價(jià)格之間，超出這個(gè)范圍，總有一個(gè)國(guó)家或者一種商品無(wú)法參與國(guó)際貿(mào)易。

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)貿(mào)易發(fā)生后，會(huì)（）

A:生產(chǎn)會(huì)調(diào)整B:消費(fèi)會(huì)調(diào)整C:世界上只有一個(gè)價(jià)格：國(guó)際均衡價(jià)格

D:生產(chǎn)均衡點(diǎn)與消費(fèi)均衡點(diǎn)不重合

答案:生產(chǎn)會(huì)調(diào)整；消費(fèi)會(huì)調(diào)整；世界上只有一個(gè)價(jià)格：國(guó)際均衡價(jià)格

；生產(chǎn)均衡點(diǎn)與消費(fèi)均衡點(diǎn)不重合

第三章單元測(cè)試

Mercantilistsbelievedthatanationwouldbenefitfromachieving

A:apositiveorfavorabletradebalance

B:aneventradebalance

C:Asmuchself-sufficiencyaspossibleD:Atradedeficit,fundedbyloansfromothernations.

答案:apositiveorfavorabletradebalance

The

comparativeadvantagepriciplewasdevelopedby

A:OhlinB:KrugmanC:DavidRicardo.D:Samuelson

答案:DavidRicardo.AdamSmithagreedwiththemercantiliststhatifonenationgainedbenefitsfromtradeitstradingpartnerwouldlose.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)DavidRicardodevelopedtheprincipleofcomparativeadvantageshowingthat

A:

inatwo-countryexample,onlyonenationcanhaveacomparativeadvantage.

B:

nonationcouldhaveanabsoluteadvantageinallgoods.

C:anationmustbetheleast-costproducerofagoodinordertoexportthatitem.

D:evenanationthathaslowerproductivityinallgoodscanbenefitbyexportingtheiteminwhichitisrelativelylessinefficient.

答案:evenanationthathaslowerproductivityinallgoodscanbenefitbyexportingtheiteminwhichitisrelativelylessinefficient.

IfeachworkerintheUnitedStatescanproducereither40bottlesofwineor40yardsofclothingperhourandeachworkerintheUnitedKingdomcanproduceeither20bottlesofwineor10yardsofclothingperhour

A:

theUnitedStateshasacomparativeadvantageinwineproduction.

B:theUnitedKingdomhastheabsoluteadvantageinbothproducts.C:

theUnitedKingdomhasacomparativeadvantageinwineproduction.D:Neithercountrycanbenefitbytradingwiththeother.

答案:

theUnitedKingdomhasacomparativeadvantageinwineproduction.Itispossibleforonenationtohaveacomparativeadvantageineverythingandtheothernationtohaveacomparativeadvantageinnothing.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)Anindifferencecurve

A:showsthatmostpeoplereallyareindifferentaboutinternationaltrade.B:reflectstherelativecostsofproductionwithinanation.

C:

indicateshowmuchlaboracountryhas.D:showsthedemandpreferencesofconsumers.

答案:showsthedemandpreferencesofconsumers.

Anationmaximizessatisfactionbyreachingthehighestpossibleindifferencecurve,andintheabsenceoftradewillproducewhereitsproductionpossibilitiesscheduleistangenttoanindifferencecurve.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)TheRicardiantheoryofcomparativeadvantagefocusesonlyonsupplyorcostconditions,andignorestheroleofdemandinexplainingtradepatterns.

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)Iftwonationsofveryunequalsizetradewitheachother,thetheoryofreciprocaldemanddemonstratesthatmostofthegainsfromtrade(afavorabletermsoftraderatio)willgotothelargernation.

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)IntheHeckscher-Ohlinmodel,anation'scomparativeadvantageisbasedon

A:thenation'srelativeendowmentsofproductiveresourcessuchaslaborandcapital.B:tradebarrierssuchastariffsandquotas.

C:distancefromthenation'smostimportanttradingpartners.D:consumerpreferences.

答案:thenation'srelativeendowmentsofproductiveresourcessuchaslaborandcapital.Thefactorendowmentsmodelpredictsthatinternationaltradewilltendtoequalizethepricesoftradeablegoodsamongnations,buttoincreasethewagegapbetweencapital-abundantandlabor-abundantnations.

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)Leontief's1954studyofU.S.tradepatterns,resultingintheLeontiefparadox,foundthat

A:theUnitedStateswasexportingmostlycapital-intensiveproducts.B:U.S.exportswerelabor-intensivecomparedwithU.S.

imports,eventhoughtheUnitedStateswaswidelyregardedasarelativelycapital-abundantnation.

C:U.S.tradevolumedeclinedeventhoughU.S.GDPhadbeenrising.D:

theUnitedStateswastradingmorewithdistantthanwithnearnations.

答案:U.S.exportswerelabor-intensivecomparedwithU.S.

imports,eventhoughtheUnitedStateswaswidelyregardedasarelativelycapital-abundantnation.

Intra-industrytradetheory

A:

ignoresseasonalconsiderations.

B:assumesthattransportationcostsdonotexist.

C:explainswhycountriesexportandalsoimportdifferentiatedversionsofthesameproduct,suchasdifferenttypesofautos.D:explainswhytheUnitedStatesmightexportautosandimportclothing.

答案:explainswhycountriesexportandalsoimportdifferentiatedversionsofthesameproduct,suchasdifferenttypesofautos.Industriesinwhicheconomiesoflarge-scaleproductionareimportant

A:provideadditionalcostincentivesforspecializationandtrade.

B:reducethepotentialgainsfromtrade.

C:tendtonotparticipateininternationaltrade.

D:encourageeachnationtoproduceafullrangeofproductswithinsuchindustries.

答案:provideadditionalcostincentivesforspecializationandtrade.

第四章單元測(cè)試

對(duì)每件襯衣征收兩美元的關(guān)稅屬于

A:混合關(guān)稅B:從價(jià)關(guān)稅C:出口關(guān)稅D:從量關(guān)稅

答案:從量關(guān)稅Animporttariffis

A:aquantitativerestrictiononimports.

B:agovernmentprohibitionagainstimportsofcertainsensitiveproducts.

C:ascheduleofapprovedratesorpricesforimports.D:ataxleviedonanimportedproduct.

答案:ataxleviedonanimportedproduct.

Ataxof10percentonimportsofshoeswouldbeanexampleofaspecifictariff.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)

Ifacountryplacesa10percenttariffonimportsofshoesanda5percenttariffonimportsofallmaterialsrequiredformakingshoes,theeffectiverateofprotectionprovidedfortheshoemakingindustrywillbe

A:

higherthan10percent.B:5percent.

C:between10percentand5percent,dependingontheimportanceofimportedmaterials.D:10percent.

答案:

higherthan10percent.Thesmallnationmodelforestimatingwelfareeffectsoftariffsappliesto

A:nationswithpercapitaincomelevelsbelow$500peryear.B:nationsthatarepricetakers,toosmalltoaffectthroughtheirownsupplyordemandthetradingpriceoftheparticularproductinquestion.

C:nationsthataresmallerthantheirmajortradingpartners.D:nationsthatpopulationsbelowtenmillionpeople.

答案:nationsthatarepricetakers,toosmalltoaffectthroughtheirownsupplyordemandthetradingpriceoftheparticularproductinquestion.

Ifanationfittingthecriteriaforthesmallnationmodelimposesa10percenttariffonimportsofautos

A:thepriceofautoswillnotrisebecauseofinternalcompetition.

B:

thepriceofautoswithinthenationwillriseby10percent.

C:thepriceofautoswithinthenationwillrisebymorethan10percent,becauseofhigheffectiveprotection.D:thepriceofautoswithinthenationwillrise,butbylessthan10percentbecauseitisasmallnation.

答案:

thepriceofautoswithinthenationwillriseby10percent.

Theredistributiveeffectofatariffrefersto

A:thefundstransferredtodomesticproducerstocompensatefortheirrelativeinefficiency,comparedwithforeignproducers.

B:thehigherprofitsreceivedbydomesticproducersattheexpenseofconsumers.

C:redistributionofprofitsfromforeignproducerstodomesticproducers.

D:thetariffrevenuegoingtothedomesticgovernment.

答案:thehigherprofitsreceivedbydomesticproducersattheexpenseofconsumers.

Anationthatcreatesatariffhighenoughtopreservethedomesticmarketentirelyfordomesticproducerswillalsobenefitfromsignificanttariffrevenue.

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)Ifa

largenation

imposesanimporttariff

A:theeffectsonthenation'stradingpartnersprobablywillbetoosmallforthemtonotice.B:

thedomesticpriceoftheproductwillincreasebymorethanthetariffitself.C:thewelfarelosstothenationwillbelargerthaninthesmallcountrymodel.

D:thenationwillgainstaticwelfareifthebenefitfromforcingforeignproducerstoreducetheirexportpriceexceedstheprotectiveeffectplusthedeadweightlossfromthetariff.

答案:thewelfarelosstothenationwillbelargerthaninthesmallcountrymodel.

Animportquotaisanontarifftradebarrierthat

A:rewardsfirmsformeetingorexceedingtheirsalesquotas.B:placesapercentagetaxoncertainimports.C:placesalimitonthequantityofgoodsthatmaybeimported.

D:placesaspecificdollaramountoftaxoncertainimports.

答案:placesalimitonthequantityofgoodsthatmaybeimported.

Toavoidtheuncertaintyaboutwhichforeignnationswillbeallowedtoexporttoanationusingquotarestrictions,thatnationislikelytoimplementa

aselectivequota.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)Animportquotawillnotraisethedomesticpriceoftheproductaswouldatariff,becauseitisnotataxonimports.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)Healthandsafetystandardsestablishedbynationalgovernmentscannotbeconsiderednontarifftradebarriers.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)

第五章單元測(cè)試

Ina“first-best”world:

A:

Freetradeharmseveryone.B:

Freetradeiseconomicallyefficient.C:Freetradeisnotoptimal.D:

Freetradebenefitseveryone.

答案:

Freetradeiseconomicallyefficient.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?I.Ifyoungfirmsarestrugglingtoobtainfundingfromunderdevelopedfinancialmarkets,themostefficientpolicysolutionwouldbeaproductionsubsidy.II.Ifyoungfirmsarestrugglingtoretaintheirtrainedworkers,thengovernmentshouldofferasubsidytooffsetthecostsoftrainingworkers.III.Infantindustrytariffsarelesslikelytoberemovedthaninfantindustrysubsidies.

A:

IIandIIIB:IonlyC:

IIonlyD:

IandII

答案:

IIandIIIWhichofthefollowingargumentsforprotectionstatesthatimport-competingfirmsthatarestrugglingtostayinbusinessshouldbeprovidedprotectioninordertomaintainjobsandcontinuedomesticproduction?

A:Thedevelopinggovernmentargument.

B:Theinfantindustryargument.C:Thedyingindustryargument.D:Thenationaldefenseargument.

答案:Theinfantindustryargument.Afree-tradearearemovestradebarriersbetweenmembercountries,butallowsthemembercountriestomaintaintheirowntradebarriersagainsttradewithnonmembercountries.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)Intheabsenceofanyotherdistortion,atariffwillcreateadistortion,butagovernmentsubsidywillnotcreateadistortion.

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)Themostfavorednation(MFN)principlestatesthatanytradeconcessiongiventoanyforeigncountrymustbegiventoallothercountrieshavingthesameMFNstatus.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)Tradecreationisthevolumeoftradethatisredirectedfromlow-costexporterstohigher-costtradeblocmembercountries.

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)Theinfant-industryargumentforprotection

A:dvocatespermanenttariffprotectionfornewindustries.B:advocatesthateachnationprovidetariffprotectionforthedomesticmanufacturingofproductsusedbyinfants,tohelpeachnationpreserveitsownuniqueculturalidentity.

C:advocatestheshieldingofnewindustriesfromimportsuntiltheyhavegrownstrongandefficientenoughtowithstandthecompetitionfromforeignproducers.

D:showsthattariffsprovidetheonlyeffectivemeansofsupportingnewindustries.

答案:advocatestheshieldingofnewindustriesfromimportsuntiltheyhavegrownstrongandefficientenoughtowithstandthecompetitionfromforeignproducers.

第六章單元測(cè)試

自2018年開(kāi)始的本輪中美貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端，主要原因是：

A:

中國(guó)實(shí)際上已超越美國(guó)B:

中國(guó)實(shí)際上已超越美國(guó)中國(guó)對(duì)美國(guó)企業(yè)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)不足C:

中國(guó)對(duì)美國(guó)貨物貿(mào)易長(zhǎng)期存在較大順差D:

中國(guó)部分市場(chǎng)（如金融、電信、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)等）未充分開(kāi)放

答案:

中國(guó)實(shí)際上已超越美國(guó)中國(guó)對(duì)美國(guó)企業(yè)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)不足；

中國(guó)對(duì)美國(guó)貨物貿(mào)易長(zhǎng)期存在較大順差；

中國(guó)部分市場(chǎng)（如金融、電信、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)等）未充分開(kāi)放后發(fā)國(guó)家的貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)略主要包括：

A:

進(jìn)口替代B:

出口導(dǎo)向C:

戰(zhàn)略性貿(mào)易政策D:公平貿(mào)易政策

答案:

進(jìn)口替代；

出口導(dǎo)向進(jìn)口替代戰(zhàn)略所依據(jù)的一個(gè)重要理論是“幼稚產(chǎn)業(yè)理論”。

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)關(guān)于進(jìn)口替代戰(zhàn)略的不足之處，下列說(shuō)法正確的是：

A:因?yàn)樵谑鼙Ｗo(hù)工業(yè)中使用的資源本來(lái)可以用于其他地方;保護(hù)與進(jìn)口競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的生產(chǎn)者會(huì)自動(dòng)歧視所有其他行業(yè)，包括潛在的出口行業(yè)。B:進(jìn)口替代還容易滋生腐敗。C:由于許多發(fā)展中國(guó)家的國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)規(guī)模較小，制造商無(wú)法利用規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)，因此單位成本較高。D:一旦投資只因?yàn)殛P(guān)稅和配額而有利可圖的活動(dòng)，任何取消這些限制的企圖一般都受到強(qiáng)烈抵制。E:國(guó)內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)由于受到貿(mào)易限制的保護(hù)而免受?chē)?guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，因此它們沒(méi)有提高效率的動(dòng)機(jī)。

答案:因?yàn)樵谑鼙Ｗo(hù)工業(yè)中使用的資源本來(lái)可以用于其他地方;保護(hù)與進(jìn)口競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的生產(chǎn)者會(huì)自動(dòng)歧視所有其他行業(yè)，包括潛在的出口行業(yè)。；進(jìn)口替代還容易滋生腐敗。；由于許多發(fā)展中國(guó)家的國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)規(guī)模較小，制造商無(wú)法利用規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)，因此單位成本較高。；一旦投資只因?yàn)殛P(guān)稅和配額而有利可圖的活動(dòng)，任何取消這些限制的企圖一般都受到強(qiáng)烈抵制。；國(guó)內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)由于受到貿(mào)易限制的保護(hù)而免受?chē)?guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，因此它們沒(méi)有提高效率的動(dòng)機(jī)。多數(shù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)研究表明，采取進(jìn)口替代戰(zhàn)略的國(guó)家比采取出口導(dǎo)向戰(zhàn)略的國(guó)家有更持久的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和更高的增長(zhǎng)率。

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)出口導(dǎo)向戰(zhàn)略的優(yōu)點(diǎn)包括：

A:它鼓勵(lì)發(fā)展中國(guó)家可能具有比較優(yōu)勢(shì)的產(chǎn)業(yè)，如勞動(dòng)密集型制成品B:通過(guò)保持對(duì)進(jìn)口商品的低限制，它們對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)企業(yè)施加了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力，迫使它們提高效率C:通過(guò)提供更大的（面向國(guó)際的）銷(xiāo)售市場(chǎng)，它們使國(guó)內(nèi)制造商有更大的空間來(lái)利用規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)

答案:它鼓勵(lì)發(fā)展中國(guó)家可能具有比較優(yōu)勢(shì)的產(chǎn)業(yè)，如勞動(dòng)密集型制成品；通過(guò)保持對(duì)進(jìn)口商品的低限制，它們對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)企業(yè)施加了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力，迫使它們提高效率；通過(guò)提供更大的（面向國(guó)際的）銷(xiāo)售市場(chǎng)，它們使國(guó)內(nèi)制