易錯點01 定語從句

易錯點01定語從句定語從句概念：在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫作定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，連接先行詞和定語從句的詞叫引導(dǎo)詞（也叫關(guān)系詞）。定語從句的構(gòu)成：先行詞+關(guān)系詞+定語從句如：Iknowthegirlwhoissittingunderthetree.↓↓↓先行詞引導(dǎo)詞從句（定語從句）易錯點突破1關(guān)系詞的選用關(guān)系代詞指代在定從中所作成分例句which物主語賓語Lucylikesmusicwhichisgentle.that人、物主語賓語Lucylikesmusicthatisgentle.Thegirlthathaslonghairishissister.who人主語賓語Thegirlwhohaslonghairishissister.whom人賓語Heisthestudentthat/who/whomIlikebest.whose人的、物的定語Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.注意：關(guān)系代詞that/who/which/whom在定從中作賓語時可省略，作主語時不能省略如：Thecartoons(that/which)Ilikehavelotsofjokes.我喜歡的卡通有很多笑話。Thefilm(that/which)wesawlastnightisinteresting.我們昨天看的電影非常有趣。即時訓(xùn)練1．（2023·西藏·統(tǒng)考中考真題）SuBingtianisaplayer________runsfastestinChinaatpresent.A．which B．who C．what D．where2．（2023·新疆·中考真題）LotsofChineseyoungpeople___________werebornafter1995usedoor-to-doorcookingtosavetime.A．that B．those C．which D．/3．（2023·吉林·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thestudentsarereadingbooks________arefullofthe“redspirit”thesedays.A．who B．where C．which4．（2023·湖南株洲·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Today’sChinaisacountry________keepstothisnationalcharacter.A．what B．who C．that5．（2022·黑龍江牡丹江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Jeff,whatareyouwatching?—AshortvideoaboutZhangGuimei________storiesmovemedeeply.A．who B．whom C．whose6．（2022·福建·模擬預(yù)測）Atruefriendreachesforyourhandandtouchesyourheart.Iwillneverforgetalltheteachersandfriendswith________Ispentfouryears.A．who B．whom C．whose易錯點突破2關(guān)系代詞只能用that的情況(1)當(dāng)先行詞同時指人和物時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that如:Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheycouldn’tremember.(2)當(dāng)先行詞是all(指物),much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代詞時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.如:Sayallthatyouknow/IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?(3)當(dāng)先行詞有theone,thevery,theonly,thesame等修飾詞時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that,不能用which(指人時可以用who).如：That’stheonlythingthatIcandonow./Thesearethevery(adj.恰好的)wordsthatheused.(4)當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞、最高級等詞修飾時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.如：ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.ThisisthebestnovelthatIhaveread.(5)當(dāng)主句是who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句時，而中心詞指人或物時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.如：WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday?即時訓(xùn)練1．（2023·黑龍江牡丹江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Ifwestudyhardwithbigdreams,thereisnothing________can’tbeachieved.A．who B．that C．whom2．（2023·四川達(dá)州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—TheLifelongJourneyisoneofthemosttouchingbooks________Ihaveeverread.—Yeah,thebookisfantasticandIamlookingforwardto________itagain.A．that,reading B．which,toread C．that,toread3．（2022·湖北恩施·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Chinaisthefirstnation________sentChang’eⅣtothefarsideofthemoon.A．which B．that C．who4．（2022·黑龍江綏化·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Ican’tforgettheteachersandtheuniversity________Ivisitedtwoyearsago.Theybringmemanysweetmemories.A．that B．which C．what5．（2023·遼寧沈陽·統(tǒng)考三模）Thisistheonlybook________Ifinduseful.A．which B．that C．who D．whose6．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古呼倫貝爾·統(tǒng)考一模）—Whodoyouthinkisthegirl________didthebestinthe2021BeijingWinterOlympics.—Ofcourse,GuAiling.A．who B．whose C．whom D．that易錯點突破3關(guān)系代詞只能用which的情況1)引導(dǎo)詞前有介詞如：Theschoolcampusinwhichwestudyeverydayisbeautiful.我們學(xué)習(xí)的校園很漂亮。(2)在非限制性定從中用which,不用that如：Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.(不可用that)即時訓(xùn)練1．Toenteragoodhighschool,weshouldn’tonlystudythesubjectsin________weareinterested.A．that B．who C．which2．（2022·黑龍江哈爾濱·哈爾濱市第四十七中學(xué)?？家荒＃㊣t’simpossibleforanyonetotakethesovereignty(主權(quán))overTaiwanIslandawayfromChina,________hasbeenpartofChinasinceancienttimes.A．where B．that C．which3．（2022秋·廣東廣州·九年級廣州市第六十五中學(xué)?？茧A段練習(xí)）InjunJoekilledthedoctorwithaknife,________wasputinMuff’shand.A．/ B．which C．who D．what4．（2022秋·廣東江門·九年級校聯(lián)考期中）IreallyenjoyedmystayinXi’an,________isindeedworth________secondvisit.A．which;a B．which;the C．that;the D．that;a易錯點突破4定語從句中的主謂一致關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，定語從句中的謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)方面應(yīng)該與先行詞保持一致。其中，“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作先行詞時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式?！眛heoneof/theonlyoneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如：Heisthemanwho/thatlivesnextdoor.他就是住在隔壁的那個男人。HeisoneofthestudentsinhisclasswhohavebeentoGermany.他是班上去過德國的學(xué)生之一。即時訓(xùn)練1．Heistheonlyoneoftheboyswho________thepianowell.A．plays B．play C．playing D．a(chǎn)replaying2．（2021·遼寧朝陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—HaveyouheardofthestoryofMulan?—Ofcourse.Mulanisabravegirl________herfather’splacetofightinthearmy.A．whomtake B．thattake C．whichtakes D．whotakes3．（2020·內(nèi)蒙古·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thephoto________takenbymyclassmatelastweekisverynice.A．whichwere B．thatis C．thatwere D．whichwas4．Mr.Smithisoneoftheforeignexpertswho________inChina.A．works B．isworking C．a(chǎn)reworking D．hasbeenworking5．（2022·遼寧朝陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?—Iprefermovies_________mesomethingtothinkabout.A．whomgive B．whogives C．whichgive D．thatgives易錯題通關(guān)A組中考真題1．（2023·遼寧阜新·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thewomanastronaut________gaveusalessononspaceisLiuYang.A．which B．whose C．who D．whom2．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Whoistheheroinyourmind?—HuangDanian.Heisascientist________hashelpedChinamakegreatprogressindeep-seaexploration(勘探).A．where B．which C．who3．（2023·青海·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Abestfriendisaperson_________isalwaystherewhenyouneedhimorher.Asthesayinggoes,“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”A．whom B．whose C．who4．（2023·湖北十堰·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Iwillremembertheimportantpeople________helpedandsupportedmeinmylife.A．which B．whose C．whom D．who5．（2023·遼寧營口·中考真題）TheAerospaceSquare________wascompletedlastyearhasbecomeanewtouristattraction.A．which B．who C．whom D．where6．（2023·黑龍江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Whatcanwedofortheleft-homechildren________needhelp?—Wecouldhelpthemwiththeirstudyonlineonweekends.A．which B．who C．whom7．（2023·四川樂山·統(tǒng)考中考真題）GuoMoruoisafamousChinesewriter________ispopulararoundtheworld.A．which B．whom C．who8．（2023·湖南郴州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Teaistheleafofaplant________growswidelyinChina,Japanandothercountries.A．what B．who C．that9．（2023·湖南岳陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）LeiFengisagreatperson________setsagoodexampletous.A．who B．which C．whose10．（2023·四川成都·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Heshowedmethephotos________hetookathisgraduationceremony.A．that B．who C．what11．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Volunteeringisameaningfulactivity.—Iagree.Weshouldexpressthankstothepeople________dovolunteerjobs.A．whom B．what C．who D．whichB組最新模擬題1．（2023·黑龍江綏化·模擬預(yù)測）Beijingisacity________manypeoplewanttovisit.Inthecity,youcanseepastandfuture,dreamandpassion（激情）.A．that B．what C．where2．（2023·吉林長春·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）Agraduationceremonyisacustom________usuallytakesplaceinJune.A．what B．where C．who D．which3．（2023·吉林長春·長春市解放大路學(xué)校?？寄M預(yù)測）Mr.Leeisaman________Icandependon.Itrusthim.A．which B．when C．who D．what4．（2023·黑龍江綏化·校考二模）Thestudents________don’tworkhardwillnotpasstheexam.A．whom B．which C．who5．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·哈爾濱市第四十七中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測）—Haveyoueverheardthepopularchant(兒歌),WeDigDigaHole(挖呀挖).—Yes,ithasthefunniestlyrics________Icansingalongwith.A．that B．which C．who6．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·?？级＃狾fallthegoodstudyhabits________youcandevelop,askingquestionsisthekeybecauseyoucanalwayslearnfromeachotherinthisway.—You’reright.A．that B．what C．who7．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）—Chris,theWestLakeissoattractive!—Yeah,theWestLakeisthemostbeautifulplace________Ihaveevervisited.A．who B．which C．that8．（2023·吉林·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）TheWanderingEarth2isamovie________tellsastoryabouthowpeopletriedtosavetheearth.A．who B．whose C．which9．（2023·吉林長春·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）MissZhanggaveaspeech________wasveryinteresting.A．who B．where C．what D．which10．（2023·吉林·模擬預(yù)測）Thisisthebook________isinteresting.A．which B．where C．who11．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第一中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測）ZhangGuimeiisthegreatestteacher________wehaveknown.A．who B．what C．that12．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·一模）—Whataretheydoing?—Theyaretalkingabouttheteachersandschools________theyvisitedyesterday.A．which B．who C．that13．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·模擬預(yù)測）ZhuYangzhuisthespaceflightengineerforShenzhouXVI________haslovedtheblueskyandflyingsincehewasaboy.A．what B．which C．who14．（2023·福建廈門·廈門雙十中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測）Moststudentsliketheteachers________understandthemwell.A．which B．who C．where15．（2023·福建龍巖·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）Asthesayinggoes,he________laughslastlaughsbest.A．who B．whom C．which16．（2023·福建漳州·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）ChinahasrealizedherpromisetogivetheworldaWinterOlympics________isgreenandclean.A．whom B．which C．who17．（2023·福建南平·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）—DoyoulikethesongJianHunonDouyin?—Yes,Ilikethesongs________Icandanceto.A．who B．that C．what18．（2023·福建福州·福清第二中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測）WiththelaunchofShenzhouXVspacecraft,DengQingmingfinallymadehisspacedreamcometrue.Heisahero________encouragesmanyteenagers.A．which B．that C．whom19．（2023·四川成都·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）LeiFengisakindandhelpfulman________weshouldlearnfrom.A．who B．whose C．which20．（2023·福建泉州·模擬預(yù)測）—Doyouknowthewomaninthepicture?—Yes.SheisZhangGuimei,akindheadmaster__________helpsthousandsofgirlsgotocollege.A．whom B．who C．whose21．（2023·福建莆田·模擬預(yù)測）—Whyareyousoworried?—I’velostthewatch________mydadboughtmeonmybirthday.A．which B．who C．whose22．（2023·福建龍巖·統(tǒng)考一模）Chinaisthefirstnation________sentChang’eⅣtothefarsideofthemoon.A．what B．who C．that23．（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才學(xué)校校考模擬預(yù)測）Atthegraduationceremony,wetalkedabouttheteachersandthethings______weremember.A．which B．that C．who24．（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才學(xué)校?？寄M預(yù)測）LionelMessiisagreatfootballstar________talentinsportssurprisesmealot.A．who B．that C．whose25．（2023·甘肅天水·天水市逸夫?qū)嶒炛袑W(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測）Istillrememberthetime________wespenttogetheratXisaiMountainlastyear.A．when B．what C．who D．which26．（2023·甘肅武威·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）Ireallylikethegirl________hairisblond.A．who B．whom C．whose D．that27．（2023·甘肅隴南·統(tǒng)考三模）Therearemanyworksofartinthemuseum________wewillvisittomorrow.A．who B．which C．what D．whom28．（2023·甘肅平?jīng)觥ば？既＃㏕hisisthegirl________motherisanEnglishteacherofourschool.A．that B．who C．whom D．whose29．（2023·甘肅定西·?？寄M預(yù)測）DuFuisagreatChinesepoet________hasbecomepopularwithmanypeoplearoundtheworld.A．whom B．whose C．who D．which30．（2023·福建·校聯(lián)考三模）—Whatkindofmoviedoyoulike?—Ilikethemovie________hasahappyending.A．what B．who C．which31．（2023·福建泉州·統(tǒng)考三模）—Whatnicesmallgifts!—Sotheyare.Theyareforthose________madeprogressintheexamlastweek.A．that B．who C．which32．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·哈爾濱風(fēng)華中學(xué)?？既＃〢tthegateoftheamusementpark,anoldmanissellingtraditionaltoys________aremadebyhand.A．who B．which C．inwhich33．（2023·福建廈門·統(tǒng)考二模）Pleasepassmethemagazine________hasaposterofFastXonthecover.A．what B．that C．who34．（2023·遼寧朝陽·校聯(lián)考二模）Romeisanancientcity________fullofplacesofinterest.A．whereis B．whichis C．whichare D．thatare35．（2023·江蘇淮安·校考一模）It’sgoodtoknow________thedogs________liveintheanimalcentrewillbewellcaredforwhileweareaway.A．what;what B．how;thatC．what;that D．that;which36．（2023·福建廈門·廈門一中校考三模）ZhengQinwen________wasbornin2002inHubeiProvinceisarisingstarintennis.A．who B．whom C．which37．（2023·吉林·統(tǒng)考一模）JackBrownstilllivesintheoldhouse________hisfathergavehim.A．who B．when C．which38．（2023·福建泉州·統(tǒng)考二模）It’stimetosaygoodbyetomyschool.I’llalwaysrememberthepeople________havehelpedme.A．whom B．which C．who39．（2023·福建廈門·統(tǒng)考二模）—DoyouknowQuanHongchan?—Sure.Sheisanexcellentplayer________isalwaysholdingontoherdream.A．who B．what C．which40．（2023·吉林長春·統(tǒng)考一模）Thechildrenwillneverforgetthepeople________helpedthem.A．who B．which C．whose D．whom41．（2023·吉林長春·長春市解放大路學(xué)校?？级＃㏕heeducationalprogramtriestoshowthethings__________areimportantinlife.A．who B．that C．how D．what42．（2023·安徽宿州·統(tǒng)考二模）Youaretheonlyperson______canhelpyourselfout.A．that B．which C．whose D．whom43．（2023·福建廈門·廈門雙十中學(xué)?？级＃猈hatcanwedofortheleft-homechildreninthevillage________needhelp?—Wecanhelpthemwiththeirstudyonlineonweekends.A．who B．which C．whose44．（2023·西藏日喀則·統(tǒng)考二模）Weshouldlookuptothosescientists________sentTianzhou-1CargoSpaceship(天舟一號)tospace.A．who B．which C．what D．when45．（2023·黑龍江佳木斯·統(tǒng)考三模）—Whatdoyouwanttobeinthefuture?—Iwanttobeafootballplayerandit’stheonlything________isinterestingtome.A．what B．who C．that46．（2023·安徽六安·統(tǒng)考三模）—WhatdothestudentsusuallydoontheSchoolClean-upDay?—Theyusuallycollecttheleaves_________havefallenfromthetrees.A．what B．/ C．that D．who47．（2023·湖南永州·統(tǒng)考二模）—Lucy,whatdoyouthinkoftheTVshowHappyCamp?—Wonderful.It’soneofthemostinterestingprograms________Ihaveseen.A．that B．which C．who48．（2023·福建三明·統(tǒng)考三模）China’sfirstAItextbook________isforprimaryandhighschoolstudentswasintroducedtothepublicin2019.A．who B．that C．what

易錯點01定語從句定語從句概念：在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫作定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，連接先行詞和定語從句的詞叫引導(dǎo)詞（也叫關(guān)系詞）。定語從句的構(gòu)成：先行詞+關(guān)系詞+定語從句如：Iknowthegirlwhoissittingunderthetree.↓↓↓先行詞引導(dǎo)詞從句（定語從句）易錯點突破1關(guān)系詞的選用關(guān)系代詞指代在定從中所作成分例句which物主語賓語Lucylikesmusicwhichisgentle.that人、物主語賓語Lucylikesmusicthatisgentle.Thegirlthathaslonghairishissister.who人主語賓語Thegirlwhohaslonghairishissister.whom人賓語Heisthestudentthat/who/whomIlikebest.whose人的、物的定語Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.注意：關(guān)系代詞that/who/which/whom在定從中作賓語時可省略，作主語時不能省略如：Thecartoons(that/which)Ilikehavelotsofjokes.我喜歡的卡通有很多笑話。Thefilm(that/which)wesawlastnightisinteresting.我們昨天看的電影非常有趣。即時訓(xùn)練1．（2023·西藏·統(tǒng)考中考真題）SuBingtianisaplayer________runsfastestinChinaatpresent.A．which B．who C．what D．where【答案】B【詳解】句意：蘇炳添是目前中國跑得最快的運(yùn)動員。考查定語從句。根據(jù)語境，題干設(shè)空后是一個定語從句，先行詞指人，空處作主語，因此應(yīng)用who作關(guān)系詞。故選B。2．（2023·新疆·中考真題）LotsofChineseyoungpeople___________werebornafter1995usedoor-to-doorcookingtosavetime.A．that B．those C．which D．/【答案】A【詳解】句意：為了節(jié)省時間，很多95后的中國年輕人都采用上門做飯的方式?？疾槎ㄕZ從句引導(dǎo)詞。that引導(dǎo)定語從句時，先行詞是人/物，在句中作主語或賓語；those那些，指示代詞；which引導(dǎo)定語從句時，先行詞是物，在句中作主語或賓語；/不填。空后“...werebornafter1995”在句中作定語修飾名詞，先行詞Chineseyoungpeople，指人，且空處在句中作主語，所以用who引導(dǎo)，故選A。3．（2023·吉林·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thestudentsarereadingbooks________arefullofthe“redspirit”thesedays.A．who B．where C．which【答案】C【詳解】句意：這些天，學(xué)生們正在讀充滿“紅色精神”的書?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。who誰；where哪兒；which哪個。本句含定語從句，先行詞books指物，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，故選C。4．（2023·湖南株洲·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Today’sChinaisacountry________keepstothisnationalcharacter.A．what B．who C．that【答案】C【詳解】句意：今天的中國是一個保持這種民族性的國家。考查定語從句。此處是定語從句，先行詞是“acountry”，指物，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，故選C。5．（2022·黑龍江牡丹江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Jeff,whatareyouwatching?—AshortvideoaboutZhangGuimei________storiesmovemedeeply.A．who B．whom C．whose【答案】C【詳解】句意：——杰夫，你在看什么？——一個關(guān)于張桂梅的短視頻，她的故事深深打動了我?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。who指人，在從句中作主語或賓語；whom指人，在從句中作賓語；whose指人或物，在從句中作定語。從句成分完整，此處指的是張桂梅的故事，應(yīng)用whose作定語，故選C。6．（2022·福建·模擬預(yù)測）Atruefriendreachesforyourhandandtouchesyourheart.Iwillneverforgetalltheteachersandfriendswith________Ispentfouryears.A．who B．whom C．whose【答案】B【詳解】句意：一個真正的朋友是向你伸出手，并觸動你心靈。我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記與我共度四年時光的所有老師和朋友?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，該句為定語從句，先行詞為“teachersandfriends”，指人，且空格前為介詞“with”，故空格處應(yīng)填who的賓格whom。故選B。易錯點突破2關(guān)系代詞只能用that的情況(1)當(dāng)先行詞同時指人和物時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that如:Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheycouldn’tremember.(2)當(dāng)先行詞是all(指物),much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代詞時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.如:Sayallthatyouknow/IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?(3)當(dāng)先行詞有theone,thevery,theonly,thesame等修飾詞時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that,不能用which(指人時可以用who).如：That’stheonlythingthatIcandonow./Thesearethevery(adj.恰好的)wordsthatheused.(4)當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞、最高級等詞修飾時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.如：ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.ThisisthebestnovelthatIhaveread.(5)當(dāng)主句是who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句時，而中心詞指人或物時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.如：WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday?即時訓(xùn)練1．（2023·黑龍江牡丹江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Ifwestudyhardwithbigdreams,thereisnothing________can’tbeachieved.A．who B．that C．whom【答案】B【詳解】句意：如果我們懷著遠(yuǎn)大的夢想努力學(xué)習(xí)，沒有什么是不能實現(xiàn)的?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。此處是定語從句，先行詞是nothing，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，只能用that引導(dǎo)。故選B。2．（2023·四川達(dá)州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—TheLifelongJourneyisoneofthemosttouchingbooks________Ihaveeverread.—Yeah,thebookisfantasticandIamlookingforwardto________itagain.A．that,reading B．which,toread C．that,toread【答案】A【詳解】句意：——《人世間》是我讀過的最感人的書之一?！堑模@本書很棒，我期待著再讀一遍?？疾槎ㄕZ從句和非謂語動詞。第一處是定語從句，有最高級修飾先行詞，只能用that，排除B；lookforwardtodoingsth“期待做某事”。故選A。3．（2022·湖北恩施·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Chinaisthefirstnation________sentChang’eⅣtothefarsideofthemoon.A．which B．that C．who【答案】B【詳解】句意：中國是第一個將嫦娥Ⅳ發(fā)射到月球背面的國家?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。which關(guān)系代詞，先行詞指物，在從句中作主語或賓語；that關(guān)系代詞，先行詞指物或人，在從句中作主語或賓語；who關(guān)系代詞，先行詞指人，在從句中作主語或賓語；句子先行詞是nation，在句中作主語，且先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾，此處關(guān)系代詞用that，故選B。4．（2022·黑龍江綏化·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Ican’tforgettheteachersandtheuniversity________Ivisitedtwoyearsago.Theybringmemanysweetmemories.A．that B．which C．what【答案】A【詳解】句意：我不能忘記兩年前我參觀的老師和大學(xué)。它們給我?guī)砹嗽S多甜蜜的回憶?？疾槎ㄕZ從句關(guān)系代詞辨析。此處是定語從句，先行詞既有人又有物，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作賓語，關(guān)系代詞只能用that。故選A。5．（2023·遼寧沈陽·統(tǒng)考三模）Thisistheonlybook________Ifinduseful.A．which B．that C．who D．whose【答案】B【詳解】句意：這是我發(fā)現(xiàn)的唯一有用的書?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。which關(guān)系代詞，指物，在定語從句中作主語或賓語；that關(guān)系代詞，指人或指物，在定語從句中作主語或賓語；who關(guān)系代詞，指人，在定語從句中作主語或賓語；whose關(guān)系代詞，在定語從句中作定語。根據(jù)theonly可知，當(dāng)先行詞被theonly修飾時，關(guān)系詞只能用that。故選B。6．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古呼倫貝爾·統(tǒng)考一模）—Whodoyouthinkisthegirl________didthebestinthe2021BeijingWinterOlympics.—Ofcourse,GuAiling.A．who B．whose C．whom D．that【答案】D【詳解】句意：——你認(rèn)為2021北京冬奧會上表現(xiàn)最好的女孩是誰。——當(dāng)然是谷愛凌了。考查定語從句。who誰；whose誰的；whom誰，who的賓格；that用于某些動詞、形容詞和名詞后，引出從句。根據(jù)“Whodoyouthinkisthegirl…didthebestinthe2021BeijingWinterOlympics.”可知，此處為定語從句，先行詞為thegirl，指人，使用that或者who引導(dǎo)，當(dāng)主句是以who開頭的特殊疑問句時，引導(dǎo)詞只能用that。故選D。易錯點突破3關(guān)系代詞只能用which的情況1)引導(dǎo)詞前有介詞如：Theschoolcampusinwhichwestudyeverydayisbeautiful.我們學(xué)習(xí)的校園很漂亮。(2)在非限制性定從中用which,不用that如：Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.(不可用that)即時訓(xùn)練1．Toenteragoodhighschool,weshouldn’tonlystudythesubjectsin________weareinterested.A．that B．who C．which【答案】C【詳解】句意：為了進(jìn)入一所好的高中，我們不應(yīng)該僅僅學(xué)習(xí)我們感興趣的科目?？疾槎ㄕZ從句關(guān)系詞。句子的先行詞thesubjects“科目”為“物”，而空前有介詞，關(guān)系詞只能用which，故選C。2．（2022·黑龍江哈爾濱·哈爾濱市第四十七中學(xué)校考一模）It’simpossibleforanyonetotakethesovereignty(主權(quán))overTaiwanIslandawayfromChina,________hasbeenpartofChinasinceancienttimes.A．where B．that C．which【答案】C【詳解】句意：任何人都不可能把臺灣島的主權(quán)從中國手中奪走，臺灣自古以來就是中國的一部分。考查定語從句。which關(guān)系代詞，先行詞指物，在從句中作主語或賓語，可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句；that關(guān)系代詞，先行詞指物或人，在從句中作主語或賓語，不可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句；where關(guān)系副詞，先行詞指地點，在從句中作狀語；句子先行詞是物，且在從句中作主語；而句子是非限制性定語從句，應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)，故選C。3．（2022秋·廣東廣州·九年級廣州市第六十五中學(xué)?？茧A段練習(xí)）InjunJoekilledthedoctorwithaknife,________wasputinMuff’shand.A．/ B．which C．who D．what【答案】B【詳解】句意：印江喬用放在穆夫手里的刀殺死了醫(yī)生?？疾槎ㄕZ從句連接詞辨析。根據(jù)“aknife”可知，先行詞是物，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)。故選B。4．（2022秋·廣東江門·九年級校聯(lián)考期中）IreallyenjoyedmystayinXi’an,________isindeedworth________secondvisit.A．which;a B．which;the C．that;the D．that;a【答案】A【詳解】句意：我在西安的停留非常愉快，這座城市確實值得再訪。考查定語從句和冠詞的用法。a一個，不定冠詞，表示泛指；the這個，定冠詞，表示特指。根據(jù)“…isindeedworth…secondvisit.”可知，去掉此句不影響整體意思的表達(dá)，為非限制性定語從句，第一空應(yīng)填入一個關(guān)系代詞作為在定語從句中做主語，指代先行詞“Xi’an”，因此應(yīng)填which；第二空應(yīng)填入一個不定冠詞a，構(gòu)成“a+序數(shù)詞”，表示“再一次”。故選A。易錯點突破4定語從句中的主謂一致關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，定語從句中的謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)方面應(yīng)該與先行詞保持一致。其中，“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作先行詞時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式?！眛heoneof/theonlyoneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如：Heisthemanwho/thatlivesnextdoor.他就是住在隔壁的那個男人。HeisoneofthestudentsinhisclasswhohavebeentoGermany.他是班上去過德國的學(xué)生之一。即時訓(xùn)練1．Heistheonlyoneoftheboyswho________thepianowell.A．plays B．play C．playing D．a(chǎn)replaying【答案】A【詳解】句意：他是這些男孩中唯一一個鋼琴彈得好的?？疾閯釉~第三人稱單數(shù)。playthepiano彈鋼琴；句子是定語從句，先行詞是theonlyone，而不是theboys，所以謂語動詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式，故選A。2．（2021·遼寧朝陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—HaveyouheardofthestoryofMulan?—Ofcourse.Mulanisabravegirl________herfather’splacetofightinthearmy.A．whomtake B．thattake C．whichtakes D．whotakes【答案】D【詳解】句意：——你聽說過木蘭的故事嗎？——當(dāng)然。木蘭是一個勇敢的女孩，她代替父親參軍?？疾槎ㄕZ從句和主謂一致。whom關(guān)系代詞，指人，在從句中作賓語；that關(guān)系代詞，指人或物，在從句中作主語或賓語；which關(guān)系代詞，指物，在從句中作主語或賓語；who關(guān)系代詞，指人，在從句中作主語；句子是定語從句，先行詞是girl，指人，在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用who/that引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是單數(shù)名詞，從句謂語動詞應(yīng)用三單形式，故選D。3．（2020·內(nèi)蒙古·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thephoto________takenbymyclassmatelastweekisverynice.A．whichwere B．thatis C．thatwere D．whichwas【答案】D【詳解】句意：我同學(xué)上周拍的這張照片非常漂亮?？疾槎ㄕZ從句和時態(tài)。根據(jù)“l(fā)astweek”可知，此處用一般過去時，排除B項，此處定語從句缺少主語，引導(dǎo)詞作主語，因此定語從句的謂語根據(jù)先行詞來判斷，先行詞thephoto是第三人稱單數(shù)，定語從句的謂語用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故選D。4．（2021·全國·九年級專題練習(xí)）Mr.Smithisoneoftheforeignexpertswho________inChina.A．works B．isworking C．a(chǎn)reworking D．hasbeenworking【答案】C【詳解】句意：史密斯先生是正在中國工作的外國專家之一?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，experts是先行詞，為復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以定語從句的謂語動詞或助動詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)形式，C選項中的助動詞為復(fù)數(shù)形式“are”。故選C。5．（2022·遼寧朝陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?—Iprefermovies_________mesomethingtothinkabout.A．whomgive B．whogives C．whichgive D．thatgives【答案】C【詳解】句意：——你喜歡什么類型的電影？——我更喜歡能讓我思考的電影?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。whom指人，在從句中作賓語；who指人，在從句中作主語或賓語；which指物，在從句中作主語或賓語；that指人或物，在從句中作主語或賓語。此處的先行詞為movies，表示物，排除AB選項，又因先行詞是復(fù)數(shù)，從句謂語動詞應(yīng)用動詞原形，故選C。易錯題通關(guān)A組中考真題1．（2023·遼寧阜新·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thewomanastronaut________gaveusalessononspaceisLiuYang.A．which B．whose C．who D．whom2．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Whoistheheroinyourmind?—HuangDanian.Heisascientist________hashelpedChinamakegreatprogressindeep-seaexploration(勘探).A．where B．which C．who3．（2023·青?！そy(tǒng)考中考真題）Abestfriendisaperson_________isalwaystherewhenyouneedhimorher.Asthesayinggoes,“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”A．whom B．whose C．who4．（2023·湖北十堰·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Iwillremembertheimportantpeople________helpedandsupportedmeinmylife.A．which B．whose C．whom D．who5．（2023·遼寧營口·中考真題）TheAerospaceSquare________wascompletedlastyearhasbecomeanewtouristattraction.A．which B．who C．whom D．where6．（2023·黑龍江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Whatcanwedofortheleft-homechildren________needhelp?—Wecouldhelpthemwiththeirstudyonlineonweekends.A．which B．who C．whom7．（2023·四川樂山·統(tǒng)考中考真題）GuoMoruoisafamousChinesewriter________ispopulararoundtheworld.A．which B．whom C．who8．（2023·湖南郴州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Teaistheleafofaplant________growswidelyinChina,Japanandothercountries.A．what B．who C．that9．（2023·湖南岳陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）LeiFengisagreatperson________setsagoodexampletous.A．who B．which C．whose10．（2023·四川成都·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Heshowedmethephotos________hetookathisgraduationceremony.A．that B．who C．what11．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Volunteeringisameaningfulactivity.—Iagree.Weshouldexpressthankstothepeople________dovolunteerjobs.A．whom B．what C．who D．which答案解析1．C【詳解】句意：給我們在太空上上了一課的女宇航員叫劉洋?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。先行詞是Thewomanastronaut，是人，且在從句中作主語，用who引導(dǎo)定語從句。故選C。2．C【詳解】句意：——你心目中的英雄是誰？——黃大年。他是一位幫助中國在深?？碧椒矫嫒〉镁薮筮M(jìn)展的科學(xué)家?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。此處是定語從句，先行詞是人，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，故選C。3．C【詳解】句意：最好的朋友是當(dāng)你需要他或她時總是在那里的人。俗話說：“患難見真情?！笨疾槎ㄕZ從句關(guān)系詞。根據(jù)“aperson...isalwaystherewhenyouneedhimorher”可知此處是定語從句，先行詞指人且在從句中作主語，用who引導(dǎo)定語從句。故選C。4．D【詳解】句意：我將記住在我的生活中幫助和支持我的重要的人?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。which哪一個；whose誰的；whom誰；who誰。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是定語從句，先行詞people是指人，在從句中作主語，用關(guān)系詞who引導(dǎo)定語從句，故選D。5．A【詳解】句意：去年竣工的航天廣場已成為一個新的旅游景點。考查定語從句。分析句子可知，“...wascompletedlastyear”是作定語修飾TheAerospaceSquare，所以是定語從句，先行詞是物，空處在句中作主語，所以用關(guān)系詞which引導(dǎo)。故選A。6．B【詳解】句意：——我們能為需要幫助的留守兒童做些什么？——我們可以在周末幫助他們在線學(xué)習(xí)?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。which先行詞指物；who先行詞指人，在從句中作主語；whom先行詞指人，在從句中作賓語。本句先行詞是theleft-homechildren，指人，且空格處在從句中作主語，故用who引導(dǎo)定語從句。故選B。7．C【詳解】句意：郭沫若是一位著名的中國作家，在世界各地都很受歡迎?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。which指物，從句作主語，賓語；whom指人，從句作賓語；who指人，從句中作主語，賓語。根據(jù)語義及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，前后為兩個句子，且空后句子為定語從句，修飾先行詞writer“作家”，指人，且在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語，用關(guān)系詞who。故選C。8．C【詳解】句意：茶是一種廣泛生長在中國、日本和其他國家的植物的葉子?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。分析題干可知，這是一個定語從句，先行詞“aplant”為物，空處在定語從句中作主語，應(yīng)用that/which引導(dǎo)，故選C。9．A【詳解】句意：雷鋒是一個偉大的人，他給我們樹立了好榜樣?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。此處是定語從句，先行詞是人，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，故選A。10．A【詳解】句意：他給我看了他在畢業(yè)典禮上拍的照片?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。that引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是人/物；who引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是人；what不引導(dǎo)定語從句。本句中先行詞“thephotos”是物，且在句中作賓語，用引導(dǎo)詞that。故選A。11．C【詳解】句意：——做志愿者是一個有意義的活動?！彝?。我們應(yīng)該感謝那些做志愿者工作的人?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。此句是定語從句，先行詞people是指人，在從句中作主語，用who引導(dǎo)定語從句，故選C。B組最新模擬題1．（2023·黑龍江綏化·模擬預(yù)測）Beijingisacity________manypeoplewanttovisit.Inthecity,youcanseepastandfuture,dreamandpassion（激情）.A．that B．what C．where2．（2023·吉林長春·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）Agraduationceremonyisacustom________usuallytakesplaceinJune.A．what B．where C．who D．which3．（2023·吉林長春·長春市解放大路學(xué)校?？寄M預(yù)測）Mr.Leeisaman________Icandependon.Itrusthim.A．which B．when C．who D．what4．（2023·黑龍江綏化·?？级＃㏕hestudents________don’tworkhardwillnotpasstheexam.A．whom B．which C．who5．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·哈爾濱市第四十七中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測）—Haveyoueverheardthepopularchant(兒歌),WeDigDigaHole(挖呀挖).—Yes,ithasthefunniestlyrics________Icansingalongwith.A．that B．which C．who6．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·?？级＃狾fallthegoodstudyhabits________youcandevelop,askingquestionsisthekeybecauseyoucanalwayslearnfromeachotherinthisway.—You’reright.A．that B．what C．who7．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）—Chris,theWestLakeissoattractive!—Yeah,theWestLakeisthemostbeautifulplace________Ihaveevervisited.A．who B．which C．that8．（2023·吉林·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）TheWanderingEarth2isamovie________tellsastoryabouthowpeopletriedtosavetheearth.A．who B．whose C．which9．（2023·吉林長春·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）MissZhanggaveaspeech________wasveryinteresting.A．who B．where C．what D．which10．（2023·吉林·模擬預(yù)測）Thisisthebook________isinteresting.A．which B．where C．who11．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第一中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測）ZhangGuimeiisthegreatestteacher________wehaveknown.A．who B．what C．that12．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·一模）—Whataretheydoing?—Theyaretalkingabouttheteachersandschools________theyvisitedyesterday.A．which B．who C．that13．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·模擬預(yù)測）ZhuYangzhuisthespaceflightengineerforShenzhouXVI________haslovedtheblueskyandflyingsincehewasaboy.A．what B．which C．who14．（2023·福建廈門·廈門雙十中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測）Moststudentsliketheteachers________understandthemwell.A．which B．who C．where15．（2023·福建龍巖·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）Asthesayinggoes,he________laughslastlaughsbest.A．who B．whom C．which16．（2023·福建漳州·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）ChinahasrealizedherpromisetogivetheworldaWinterOlympics________isgreenandclean.A．whom B．which C．who17．（2023·福建南平·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）—DoyoulikethesongJianHunonDouyin?—Yes,Ilikethesongs________Icandanceto.A．who B．that C．what18．（2023·福建福州·福清第二中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測）WiththelaunchofShenzhouXVspacecraft,DengQingmingfinallymadehisspacedreamcometrue.Heisahero________encouragesmanyteenagers.A．which B．that C．whom19．（2023·四川成都·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）LeiFengisakindandhelpfulman________weshouldlearnfrom.A．who B．whose C．which20．（2023·福建泉州·模擬預(yù)測）—Doyouknowthewomaninthepicture?—Yes.SheisZhangGuimei,akindheadmaster__________helpsthousandsofgirlsgotocollege.A．whom B．who C．whose21．（2023·福建莆田·模擬預(yù)測）—Whyareyousoworried?—I’velostthewatch________mydadboughtmeonmybirthday.A．which B．who C．whose22．（2023·福建龍巖·統(tǒng)考一模）Chinaisthefirstnation________sentChang’eⅣtothefarsideofthemoon.A．what B．who C．that23．（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才學(xué)校?？寄M預(yù)測）Atthegraduationceremony,wetalkedabouttheteachersandthethings______weremember.A．which B．that C．who24．（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才學(xué)校校考模擬預(yù)測）LionelMessiisagreatfootballstar________talentinsportssurprisesmealot.A．who B．that C．whose25．（2023·甘肅天水·天水市逸夫?qū)嶒炛袑W(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測）Istillrememberthetime________wespenttoget