寒假分層作業(yè)13 閱讀理解專練（原卷版）-2024年七年級英語寒假培優(yōu)練

PAGEPAGE1限時練習(xí)：40min完成時間：月日天氣：作業(yè)13閱讀理解專練初中閱讀理解主要題型：細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題、詞義猜測題、主旨大意題。其中細(xì)節(jié)理解題所占分值較大。細(xì)節(jié)理解題細(xì)節(jié)理解題包括：細(xì)節(jié)題、是非題、排序題、圖表題、計算題。解題方法：1)讀題干，選定關(guān)鍵詞2)通過跳讀的方式鎖定相關(guān)句子3)結(jié)合信息對比4個選項進行信息加工轉(zhuǎn)換（同義反義轉(zhuǎn)換、圖文轉(zhuǎn)換、數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)換等）4)排除干擾項，篩選答案正確答案的特點：1)同義替換：答案一般將原文中的關(guān)鍵詞進行了同義替換2)語言講話：把原文中的復(fù)雜語言現(xiàn)象進行簡化，設(shè)置為答案3)正話反說：把原文的意思反過來表達而成為正確選項干擾選項的特點：1)張冠李戴：是原文信息，但不是題目要求的內(nèi)容

2)無中生有：符合常識，但不是文章的內(nèi)容

3)曲解文意：與原文內(nèi)容及其相似，只是在某個細(xì)節(jié)處有些變動

4)顛倒是非：意思上與原文很大不同或完全相反

5)正誤參半：部分正確，部分錯誤推理判斷題做此類題時，盡量考慮文中全部信息或事實，在通篇理解文章的基礎(chǔ)上，運用邏輯思維，借助一定的常識，做出正確的推理和判斷。做推理判斷題要注意兩點：一是推理，二是判斷，兩者密不可分。推斷題結(jié)論要靠推斷得出，而不是照搬原文。但是，推理時務(wù)必忠實于原文，在文章中尋找可推論的線索和依據(jù)，切忌隨意揣測，把自己的觀點當(dāng)成作者的觀點。解決此類題要注意：一是與原文相同的細(xì)節(jié)不能選；二是不能跳出文章做推斷。正確選項的特點：1)正確選項一般含義比較豐富，具有一定的綜合性和概括性；2)正確選項的表述一般不會太絕對，而是會用一些相對寬泛的詞匯，如often,usually,sometimes,some,may,might,can,could,possibly,probably等；3)正確選項有時候與通過常識判斷得出的結(jié)論相反，要特別注意。干擾選項的特點：1)只是原文的簡單復(fù)述，而非推斷出的結(jié)論；2)看似從原文推斷出來的結(jié)論，然而實際上與原文不符；3)根據(jù)常識判斷是正確的，然而不是在文章事實或上下文邏輯基礎(chǔ)上推理而得出的觀點；4)雖然以文章提供的事實或內(nèi)在邏輯為依據(jù)，但推理過頭、概括過度；5)部分選項的內(nèi)容純屬編造。三、主旨大意題解題技巧：抓住主題句：a.首尾段：開門見山/總結(jié)概括；b.各段首句（段落主題句）看但是，抓結(jié)果：轉(zhuǎn)折詞(but,yet,however)之后的句子、因果詞(so,because...)之后的句子。

3)特別注意中文提示詞和重復(fù)次數(shù)最多的名詞四、詞義猜測題1)代入，在語境中理解猜測

2)構(gòu)詞法閱讀單選Doyoulovefastfood?Why?Howoftendoyoueatit?200peoplejoinedoursurvey（調(diào)查）.Andhereistheresult.1．6%ofthepeopleeatfastfood________.A．twiceaweek B．threetimesaweek C．morethanthreetimesaweek D．everyday2．44peoplelovefastfoodbecauseit’s________.A．cheap B．delicious C．healthy D．convenient3．________ofthepeoplelikefastfoodbecausetheycantakeitaway.A．12% B．14% C．22% D．24%4．Whatcanwelearnfromtheresult?A．Allpeoplelovefastfood. B．Fastfoodmakespeoplefat.C．Peopleeatfastfoodonweekends. D．Somepeopledon’tknowwhatfoodishealthier.二、閱讀單選EdinburghisthecapitalcityofScotland.It’sanimportantindustrial,politicalandbusinesscentre,withapopulationofabout450,000people,andit’salsoabusytouristcity.It’sontheeastcoastofScotland.TherearemanylandmarkbuildingsinthecitysuchasEdinburghCastleandtheScottishParliament,aswellasmanyinterestingmuseumsandartgalleries(美術(shù)館).Peoplesometimescallit“TheAthensoftheNorth”.Edinburghisalsoanimportantcentreforculture.TheEdinburghFestivaltakesplaceeveryJulyandattractspeoplefromallovertheworld.Edinburghisalsofamousasthehomeofwell-knownwriterssuchasJ.K.Rowling,whowroteHarryPotter,andSirWalterScott,whowrotemanynovelsaboutScottishlife.Thereisastatueofhiminthecentreofthecity,theScottMonument.TheOldTownisaverygoodareaforshopping.Thestreetsareverynarrow,andit’salwayscrowdedwithtouristsandshoppers,especiallyatweekends.There’salsoastreetmarketonSaturdaymorningswhereyoucanfindallkindsofartsandcrafts.Edinburghisagreatplacetovisit,ortolive.Butifyoucometovisit,bringsomewarmclothesbecauseitcangetcold,especiallyintheevening!1．Edinburghisanimportantcenterof.①culture②politics③history④industry⑤businessA．①②③④ B．①②④⑤ C．①③④⑤ D．①②③⑤2．Accordingtothe2??paragraph,whatcanwedoinEdinburgh?A．VisitthehomeofHarryPotter.B．Buysomeartworksinastreetmarket.C．TakepartinEdinburghFestivalinJune.D．TakephotoswiththestatusofJ.K.Rowling.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertointhe2??paragraph?A．Edinburgh.B．Thestreets.C．TheOldTown.D．Thestreetmarket.4．WhatisNOTintroducedinthepassage?A．WaystogettoEdinburgh.B．ThelocationofEdinburgh.C．WhattowearinEdinburgh.D．ThefamousbuildingsinEdinburgh.5．Whatkindofarticleisthis?A．Adiary B．Aposter. C．Acitymap. D．Atourguide.一、閱讀單選Alotofpeopleplaysports,butveryfewpeoplebecomesportsprofessionals(專家).Ifsportsaren’tgoingtobeyourfuture,thenwhyshouldyouplaythem?Whyshouldyoutraineveryday?Whyshouldyouworkhardandfeelsorethenextday?Wouldn’titbebettertoforgetsportsandonlypayattentiontoyourlessons?Infact,therearealotofreasonstoplaysports.Firstofall,sportsareagreatwaytoexercise.Exercisingkeepsyouhealthyandstrong.Italsohelpsyoustayinagoodcondition.Whenyouexercise,yourbodymakesendorphinswhichgiveyoumoreenergyandmakeyoufeelhappier.Also,sportsteachyoungpeoplehowtocommunicateandworkasateam.Theyteachyoungpeopletorespect(尊重)theircoaches,teammatesandplayersfromtheotherteam.Manyreportssaythatsportshelpyoungpeoplestayoutoftrouble.Ifayoungpersonplayssports,heorshemayhavefewerproblems.Thisisbecausesportsteachpeopleaboutrules.Theyalsoteachpeoplethatiftheyworkhard,theymightsucceed.Anothergoodwayofsportsisthattheymakepeopleleavetheirhouses.Thesedays,alotofpeoplespendtoomuchtimewatchingtelevisionandplayingvideogames.Whenyouplaysports,yougooutsideandexerciseinthesun.Youtakeinfreshair.Allofthesethingsareimportant.Maybeyou’renotgoingtobecomeasportsprofessional,butthatdoesn’tmatter,sportswillhelpyoubecomeabetterandhappierperson.1．Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingistrueaboutsports?A．Whenendorphinsaremadeinourbody,?wewillgetangryeasily.B．Ifyoungpeopledomoresports,theywillhavemoreproblems.C．Whendoingsports,weshouldrespecteveryoneinthegame.D．Moreindoorexercisecanbringpeoplehappinessandhealth.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”inParagraph3referto?A．Reports. B．Sports. C．Problems. D．Rules.3．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．SportsAreJustForProfessionals. B．SportsTeachPeopleToWorkHard.C．SportsAreGoodForPeople. D．SportsMakePeopleGoOutside.4．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructure(結(jié)構(gòu))ofthepassage?(P=Paragraph)A． B． C． D．二、閱讀單選Thefourtravellersseeabeautifulgreenlightintheskyinfrontofthem.“That’stheEmerald（翡翠）City,”Dorothysays.“Comeon!Itisn’tfarnow.”Soontheycometoabiggreenwall.There’sagateinit.It’sshiningintheafternoonsun.Dorothylooksatitcarefully.It’smadeofemeralds!Sheknocksonthedoor.Thegateopensandtheyallgoinside.Alittlemaningreenclothesisstandingtherewithabigbox.“WhatdoyouwantintheEmeraldCity?”hesays.“WewanttoseetheGreatOz,”Dorothyanswers.“It’simportant,”theScarecrowsays.“IamtheKeeperoftheGate,”thelittlemaningreensays.“IcantakeyoutohisPalace.Butbeforeyougothere,youmustputontheseglasses.”Hetakesfivepairsofglassesoutofthebox.Theglassintheglassesisemeraldgreen.“Why?”Dorothyasks.“EveryoneintheEmeraldCitywearsthem,”theKeeperoftheGatesays.Theyputontheglasses.Totohasapair,too.ThentheKeepertakesoutabiggoldkeyandopensanothergate.Dorothyissurprised.Everythingisgreen-thehousesandthestreets.Theskyisalsogreen.Childrenarebuyinggreenjuicewithgreenmoney.Meningreenclothesaredrivinggreencarsalongthegreenstreets.Everybodyissmiling.TheKeeperoftheGatetakesthemtoabigbuildinginthemiddleofthecity.Ozcannotseethemtoday,sotheymuststayinthePalaceforafewdays.Ayounggirltakesthemtotheirrooms.Theseroomsarebeautifulandcomfortable.Theyfeelverytirednow.—TakenfromTheWonderfulWizardofOz《綠野仙蹤》1．WhydoDorothyandherfriendsgototheEmeraldCity?A．BecausetheywanttoseeOz. B．Becausetheywanttobuyjui