2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit5TheValueofMoneySectionⅠListeningandSpeakingReadingandThinking學(xué)案含解析新人教版必修第三冊

PAGEUNIT5THEVALUEOFMONEYMarkTwain(1835－1910),oneofthebestknownAmericanwritersinthe19thcentury,wasborninMissouriinthemiddlepartoftheUnitedStates.MarkTwain'shometownlayonthebanksoftheMississippiRiver,wherehespenthischildhood.Whenhegrewupheworkedasapilotonariverboatforsometime.MarkTwainishispenname.Hetookitfromtheshoutofthesailorsmeasuringthedepthofthewaterwhenthewaterwastwomarksdeepontheleadline.MarkTwainwrotealotofnovels,oneofwhichisTheAdventuresofTomSawyer,themasterpiecewhichbroughthimfameandhonor.Someofhiswritingshavebeentranslatedintomanylanguages.Heandhisworksaredeeplylovedbyreadersthroughouttheworld.開啟歡樂學(xué)習(xí)之旅馬克·吐溫(1835—1910)生于美國密蘇里州。他是美國19世紀聞名的作家之一。他的家鄉(xiāng)位于密西西比河畔。成年后，他曾在密西西比河的船上當水手。馬克·吐溫是他的筆名，由水文測量標上“兩個刻度(twomarks)”而得。他寫過許多小說。其中最聞名的是《湯姆·索亞歷險記》(TheAdventuresofTomSawyer)。他的作品被譯成多國文字，深受世界讀者寵愛。模塊核心素養(yǎng)導(dǎo)航SectionⅠListeningandSpeaking，ReadingandThinkingⅠ.重點單詞1．basisn．基礎(chǔ)；依據(jù)；基點→basen．基礎(chǔ)→basicadj.基礎(chǔ)的2．loann．貸款；借款3．plasticn．塑料adj.塑料制的；塑料的4．a(chǎn)pologisevi.致歉；謝罪→apologyn．致歉，致歉5．ignorevt.忽視；對……不予理睬→ignorancen．無知；愚昧→ignorantadj.愚昧的，無知的6．judgevt.&vi.評價；評判；推斷n．法官；審判員；裁判員→judgementn7．scenen．(戲劇或歌劇的)場；現(xiàn)場；場面→sceneryn．風(fēng)景，景色(總稱)8．narratorn．(書、戲劇或電影中的)敘述者；講解并描述者；(電視節(jié)目中的)幕后解說員9．narrationn．敘述；講解并描述；解說10．betn．打賭；賭注vi.&vt.下賭注；用……打賭vt.敢說11．servantn．仆人；用人12．sailvi.&vt.(船)航行；(人)乘船航行→sailorn13．spotvt.望見；留意到；發(fā)覺n．地點；處所；斑點；污跡14．darevi.&modalv．膽敢；敢于15．sortn．種類；類別16．patiencen．耐性；忍耐力；毅力→patientadj.耐性的n．病人→patientlyadv.耐性地17．indicatevt.&vi.表明；顯示vt.象征；示意→indicationn18．beneathadv.&prep.在(或往)……下面；在……的表面之下19．postponevt.延遲；延期；延緩20．oddadj.驚奇的；怪異的；反常的Ⅱ.重點短語1．onthebasisof在……的基礎(chǔ)上；依據(jù)……2．takeoutaloan取得貸款3．inreturn作為回報；作為回應(yīng)4．makeabet打個賭5．a(chǎn)samatteroffact事實上；其實；說真的6．byaccident偶然地；意外地7．to_behonest說實話；坦率地說8．oughtto應(yīng)當；應(yīng)當9．beabouttodosth.即將或剛要(做某事)10．careabout關(guān)切；在乎；在意11．showsb.out領(lǐng)某人出去12．not...until...直到……才……Ⅲ.重點句型1．Aboutamonthago，Iwassailing，andtowardsnightIfoundmyselfcarriedouttoseabyastrongwind.大約一個月前，我正在航行，天快黑的時候，我發(fā)覺我被一陣強風(fēng)刮到了海里。2．AnditwastheshipthatbroughtyoutoEngland.正是那艘船把你帶到了英國。3．Ifthisisyourideaofsomekindofjoke，Idon'tthinkit'sveryfunny.假如你們認為這是一個笑話，我可一點兒也不覺得好笑。4．Youcan'topenituntiltwoo'clock.直到兩點你才能打開它。1basisn．基礎(chǔ)；依據(jù)；基點[典型例句]Hisresearchformedthebasisofhisnewbook.他的探討成果是他這本新書的基礎(chǔ)。Theirviewhadnobasisinfact.他們的觀點沒有事實依據(jù)。[思維拓展]onthebasisof在……的基礎(chǔ)上；依據(jù)……Wejudgeaworkeronthebasisofhisperformance.我們依據(jù)工作表現(xiàn)來評價一個工人。[易混辨析]basis,basebasis用來指非物質(zhì)方面的基礎(chǔ)base主要用于指物質(zhì)方面的基礎(chǔ)theeconomicbasis經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)(抽象)thebaseofabuilding建筑物的基礎(chǔ)(詳細)[即學(xué)即練]Wedrewthisconclusiononthebasisofexperiments.2eq\a\vs4\al(apologisevi.致歉；謝罪)[典型例句]Ithinkyoushouldapologisetoyourbrother.我覺得你應(yīng)當給你弟弟賠個不是。Weapologiseforthelatedepartureofthisflight.本航班起飛延遲，謹致歉意。Iapologisedtoherforsteppingonherfootcarelessly.我因不當心踩了她的腳而向她致歉。[思維拓展]apologisetosb.向某人致歉apologisefordoingsth.為做了某事致歉apologisetosb.fordoingsth.為做了某事向某人致歉apologyn.[C]致歉；賠罪makeanapologytosb.forsth.因某事向某人致歉accept/refuseone'sapology接受/拒絕某人的致歉owesb.anapology應(yīng)向某人致歉[即學(xué)即練](1)Billwasapologisingtohisfriendforhavingkeptherwaitingforalongtime.比爾因讓他的摯友等了很長時間正在致歉呢。(2)Imademyapologytomyhostandleftearly.我向主子道過歉后提早離去。(3)Pleaseacceptmysincereapology.請接受我真誠的歉意。3eq\a\vs4\al(ignorevt.忽視；對……不予理睬)[典型例句]Myadvicewascompletelyignored.我的建議完全被忽視了。Imadeasuggestionbuttheychosetoignoreit.我提了個建議，但他們不予理睬。[思維拓展]ignoresb./sth.忽視某人/不知道某事物ignorantadj.無知的；不知道的beignorantof/aboutsth.不知道……beignorantthat不知某事ignorancen．無知；愚昧beinignoranceof/aboutsth.不知道；對……無知Theworkerswerekeptincompleteignoranceofthecompany'sfinancialsituation.公司對工人隱瞞財務(wù)狀況，他們對財務(wù)的事情一竅不通。I'mafraidI'mratherignorantaboutcomputers.我唯恐對電腦一竅不通。[即學(xué)即練](1)Shesawhimcomingbutsheignoredhim.她望見他走來，但沒有理睬他。(2)Heisignorantoffarmlife.＝Heisinignoranceoffarmlife.他對農(nóng)莊生活一竅不通。4eq\a\vs4\al(judgevt.&vi.評價；評判；推斷n.法官；審判員；裁判員)[典型例句]Youshouldneverjudgeapersonbyhislook.絕不要以貌取人。Judgingfromwhathesaid,hemustbeanhonestman.從他所說的來推斷，他確定是個誠懇的人。[思維拓展]judgesb./sth.from/by...從……來推斷judgebetweenrightandwrong推斷是非asfarasIcanjudge據(jù)我推斷，我認為judgingby/from從……上看，依據(jù)……推斷judgementn．推斷，審判，看法，推斷力inone'sjudgement依某人看來，按某人的看法留意：judgingfrom/by...在句中常作獨立狀語，不受句子主語的影響和限制，表達的意義是說話人的看法或推斷，類似的用法再如generallyspeaking“一般來說”，franklyspeaking“坦率地說”。[即學(xué)即練](1)Don'tjudgeabookbyitscover.勿以貌取人。(2)Judgingfrom/byhisaccent，hemustbeasoutherner.依據(jù)他的腔調(diào)推斷，他確定是個南方人。(3)Hewasjudgedtobethebestactorofthisyear.他被評為今年的最佳男演員。5eq\a\vs4\al(scenen.戲劇或歌劇的場；現(xiàn)場；場面；景色)[典型例句]Thisplayhasthreeacts,andeachacthasthreescenes.這部劇分三幕，每一幕有三場。Shewitnessedsomeverydistressingscenes.她目睹過一些令人特別苦痛的場面。Wouldyouliketoenjoythescenesinthemountainswithme?你情愿與我一起觀賞山區(qū)的風(fēng)光嗎？[思維拓展]thesceneofthecrime犯罪現(xiàn)場behindthescenes暗中，隱私地，在幕后(come)onthescene出現(xiàn)，到場，在場setthescene(為……)做好打算，(為……)設(shè)置舞臺[易混辨析]scenery，scene，sight，viewscenery不行數(shù)名詞，指某地(總的)自然風(fēng)景或景色，尤指漂亮的鄉(xiāng)間景色scene可數(shù)名詞，指呈現(xiàn)在眼前的或某一特定環(huán)境中的情景，大多包括景物中的人及活動在內(nèi)；也可以指現(xiàn)場或戲劇中的一幕sight特指眼前看到的景觀，多指人工的事物；表示“名勝，風(fēng)景”時，必需要用復(fù)數(shù)sightsview常指從遠處或高處看到的景色[即學(xué)即練]用scenery，scene，view和sight完成語段Everyyear，plentyofpeoplegotoseethesightsofBeijing.Thissummervacationmyparentsalsodecidedtotakemethere.OnthewaytoBeijing，westoppedourcaragainandagaintoenjoythescenery.AfterarrivinginBeijing，welivedatthe13thfloorofahotelfromwhosewindowwehadabetterviewofthecity.WedidhaveagoodtimeinBeijing.Butonthewaybackhome，wesawthesceneofanaccident，somymotherandIkeptremindingmyfathertodrivewithcaution.6eq\a\vs4\al(spotvt.望見；留意到；發(fā)覺n.地點；處所；斑點；污跡)[典型例句]I'vejustspottedamistakeonthefrontcover.我剛才在封面上發(fā)覺了一處錯誤。Therewasabigdampspotonthewall.墻上有一大塊水漬。Weoughttofindouttheviewsofthepeopleonthespot.我們應(yīng)當了解一下在現(xiàn)場的那些人的看法。[思維拓展]spotsb.doingsth.發(fā)覺某人正在做某事onthespot在現(xiàn)場；當場；馬上inaspot處于逆境bespottedwith滿是……斑點；點綴著留意：spot用作先行詞時，其后的定語從句通常用where引導(dǎo)。[即學(xué)即練]寫出下列句中spot的含義(1)Thefloorwasspottedwithpaint，whichmadehimembarrassed.弄臟(2)Someofthespotsonyourtrousersarehardtoremove.斑點；污點(3)Ireadthroughthefirstpageofthebookandspottedaspellingmistake.發(fā)覺(4)Fortunately，amanmadeanoffertotakehimaroundthedifferentspots.地點；場所7eq\a\vs4\al(sortn.種類；類別)[典型例句]Whatsortofmusicdoyoulikebest，poporclassical?你寵愛哪種音樂——流行的還是古典的？Wetalkedofallsortsofsubjects.我們談了各種話題。Thesesortsofpeoplearereadytoeatanywhere.這種人總是走到哪里吃到哪里。[思維拓展]sortof有點，在某種程度上(常作狀語)allsortsof＝ofallsorts各種各樣的asortof一種，可以說是……的東西sortvt.&visortout分類；整理；解決；處理o把……整理成……Quicklysortthemallout.快把它們分類揀出來。Isortedthebooksintobigonesandsmallones.我把這些書整理成大的和小的兩類。Wemustsortoutthegoodapplesfromthebad.咱們得把好蘋果揀出來，同壞的分開。[易混辨析]sort，kind，type，speciessort指大體相像的東西，有時用于貶義推斷kind指同種類的東西type指同類型的東西species指同物種的東西[即學(xué)即練](1)“Longtimenosee”issortofinformal，butitispartofthelanguagethatAmericansusedaily.(2)Besides，allsorts(sort)ofchemicalsandhugeamountsofenergyareusedtokeepitscourses(球場)ingoodcondition.8eq\a\vs4\al(patiencen.耐性；忍耐力；毅力)[典型例句]Shehasbeenoutofpatiencewithhisrudeness.她已經(jīng)對他的粗魯忍無可忍了。Idon'thavethepatiencetodojigsawpuzzles.我沒有耐性玩拼圖嬉戲。Ihadnopatiencewiththesenaughtychildren.我對這些調(diào)皮的孩子沒有耐性了。[思維拓展]havethepatiencetodosth.做某事有耐性have/losepatiencewith對……有/失去耐性withpatience＝patiently耐性地patientadj.耐性的；能忍受的n．病人bepatientwithsb.對某人有耐性impatientadj.不耐煩的；沒有耐性的impatiencen．不耐煩[即學(xué)即練]一句多譯我耐性地向國際學(xué)生說明關(guān)于如何泡茶的全部步驟。(1)Ipatientlyexplainedallthestepstotheinternationalstudentsonhowtomaketea.(patient)(2)Iexplainedallthestepstotheinternationalstudentswithpatienceonhowtomaketea.(patience)9eq\a\vs4\al(beneathadv.&prep.在或往……下面；在……的表面之下)[典型例句]Joenjoyedfeelingthewarmsandbeneathherfeet.喬很寵愛腳下踩著暖和沙子的感覺。Hewasstandingonthebridgelookingattheriverbeneath.他站在橋上，看著下面的河水。[易混辨析]beneath,below,underbeneath表示“在……正下方”，兩者接觸，與on相對。below不強調(diào)在正下方，兩者不接觸，與above相對。under強調(diào)在正下方，兩者不接觸，與over相對。[即學(xué)即練]IcouldseethemusclesofhisshouldersbeneathhisT-shirt.考點集訓(xùn)一單句語法填空1．“Smalltalkisthebasis(base)ofgoodmanners，”hesays.2．Ifyouarereallywrong，youshouldmakeanapologytoyourroommate.3．Isincerelyhopeyoucanacceptmy(I)apologiesandunderstandme.4．IoweyouanapologyforwhatIsaidthismorning.AnyhowImeantnooffence.5．SheapologizedforthemistakeandgaveusaspareVIProomonthetopfloor.6．Somepeoplealwaysdoeverythingtheylike，butareinignorance(ignore)ofothers'feelings.7．Mostpeopletherereceivedsolittleeducationthattheywereignorant(ignore)ofthelaw.8．Judgingfromheraccent，shemustbefromSichuan.9．I'minfavourofhisopinionthatitisdifficulttojudgeapersononlybyhislook.10．Therockingboatsalongtheriverbankmakeabeautifulscene.11．Theboyledhismothertothesceneoftheaccident.12．Moreover，thesceneryalongtheYangtzeRiverisamazing，withmanywell-knownsightseeingspots(spot)．13．Caughtrobbingaladyofhernecklace，theyoungmanwasarrestedonthespotbyapoliceman.14．Thereareallsortsofanimals，includingbears，pigs，kangaroos，andpenguins.15．Sheisverypatientwithyoungchildren，sosheisfitforthejob.16．Afterwaitingforabouthalfanhour，Iwasbeginningtogetimpatient(patient)．1eq\a\vs4\al(inreturn作為回報；作為回應(yīng))[典型例句]Theyletususetheircomputers，andinreturnwegivethemtheresultsofourresearch.他們讓我們運用他們的電腦，作為回報，我們給他們供應(yīng)我們的探討成果。[思維拓展]inreturnfor作為對……的報答inturn反過來，轉(zhuǎn)而byturns輪番[即學(xué)即練]用inreturn，inreturnfor，inturn，byturns完成句子(1)Whathappensintheworldmakesushappyandsadby_turns.(2)Hegavehersomerosesinreturnforherkindness.(3)Heisalwayshelpingotherswithoutexpectinganythinginreturn，which，inturn，makeshimapopularman.2eq\a\vs4\al(makeabet打個賭)[典型例句]Wehadabetontheoutcomeofthenextrace.我們就下次競賽的結(jié)果打了一個賭。Olivermadeabetthattheywouldwinthefootballmatch.奧利弗打賭他們會贏那場足球賽。Roderickmadeabetonwhowouldwintherace.羅德里克就誰會贏得競賽打了一個賭。[思維拓展]betn.[C]賭；打賭vi.&vt.打賭；賭錢；敢說；八成兒win/loseabet贏/輸一場賭局the/yourbestbet最好的方法betsth.against/on用……打賭betsb.that-clause敢和某人說/打賭說……Paulbetme20poundsthatIwouldn'tdoit.保羅和我打20英鎊的賭，說我不會那么做。Iwillbetyouthatheknowsallaboutit.我敢和你打賭他了解一切。[即學(xué)即練]MozarthearsthatyouaremakingabetonwhetherSusanwillmarryBobbie.3eq\a\vs4\al(asamatteroffact事實上；其實；說真的)[典型例句]Asamatteroffact，Iwastheonewhodidit.其實，做這件事的人就是我。Asamatteroffact，heistellinglies.事實上，他在說謊。[思維拓展]“事實上”的不同表達方式：asamatteroffact，in(actual)fact,actually,inreality,totell(you)thetruth,inpractice等。[即學(xué)即練]Asamatteroffact，theteachersplayanimportantpartinthestudyandlifeofthestudents.4eq\a\vs4\al(byaccident偶然地；意外地)[典型例句]Wemetbyaccidentattherailwaystation.我們在火車站偶然相遇。[思維拓展]byaccident＝accidentally偶然地，意外地bymistake錯誤地；無心地bychance偶然地，意外地Nodoubtthishappenedbychance，butthischancemademeveryhappy.毫無疑問這件事的發(fā)生是偶然的，但是這個偶然使我覺得特別華蜜。Herestoredtheumbrellahehadtakenbymistake.他把拿錯了的雨傘放回了原處。[即學(xué)即練](1)Couldyouhavegiventhemthewrongdrugbymistake?(2)IlearnbyaccidentthatyouhavejustwonfirstprizeintheRoboticsCompetitionheldinyourinstituteandhaveshowngreattalentindesigningrobots.5eq\a\vs4\al(tobehonest說實話；坦率地說)[典型例句]Tobehonest，Idon'tthinkwehaveachanceofwinning.說實話，我認為我們沒有獲勝的可能。Tobehonest，Ihavenotimetodoit.醇厚說，我沒有時間做這件事情。[思維拓展]honestlyspeaking醇厚說totellyouthetruth說實話，醇厚說英語中表示“……說”的短語：generallyspeaking一般來說exactlyspeaking準確地說tobefrank＝franklyspeaking坦率地說ingeneral一般來說inotherwords換句話說orrather更準確地說tosumup概括地說thatis也就是說留意：tobehonest為不定式作獨立成分，在句中作插入語。常見的還有tobeexact準確地說；totellyouthetruth醇厚告知你；tobegin/startwith首先等。[即學(xué)即練]用表示“……說”的短語完成句子(1)Generallyspeaking，womenlivelongerthanmen.(2)Hegothomelatelastnight，orratherearlythismorning.(3)Tobefrank/honest，Idon'tenjoytheperformance.(4)Honestlyspeaking,_Ihatethestudentspeakingdirtywords.6eq\a\vs4\al(beabouttodosth.即將或剛要做某事)[典型例句]Iwasabouttogooutwhenmymumcalledme.我剛要外出時，媽媽叫住了我。Thereisabouttobeahugepartyinourschool.在我們學(xué)校將有一場大型聯(lián)歡會。[思維拓展]beabouttodo...when...剛要做……這時……h(huán)adjustdone...when...剛做完某事，這時……bedoing...when...正在做……這時……beonthepointofdoing...when...剛要做……這時……Iwasabouttogooutwhenanunexpectedvisitorcame.我剛要出門，一位不速之客來訪了。Ihadjustgonetobedwhenthetelephonerang.我剛上床睡覺，這時電話響了。Hewasreadingnewspaperswhenheheardhisnamecalled.他正在讀報，這時聽到有人叫他的名字。Thethiefwasonthepointofputtinghishandintothelady'shandbagwhenthebussuddenlystopped.小偷剛要把手伸進那位女士的手提袋中，這時公共汽車突然停了。[易混辨析]beabouttodo/begoingtodobeabouttodo表示“剛要，即將做某事”，時間性比較緊迫，常與when連用，但句中不能再加atonce,immediately及表示詳細時間的狀語begoingtodo①表示某人按支配支配將要做某事②表示說話人依據(jù)跡象主動推想可能要發(fā)生的事，主語一般為物[即學(xué)即練](1)Hewas_sleeping(sleep)whentherewasaknockatthedoor.(2)Iwasabouttogooutwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.(3)Wehadjustbeguntoworkwhenthemachinebrokedown.考點集訓(xùn)二單句語法填空1．Hegaveusalotofhelpwhenwewereintrouble，butwehavenothingtogivehiminreturn.2．Asamatteroffact，manyordinaryjobssuchascleaningstreetsareworthdoing.3．YesterdayImetTomintheparkbyaccident，wherehewaswalkingupanddown，apparentlyanxiousaboutsomething.4．Tobehonest，ifyoudon'tstopsmokingyoucannotbecuredofthedisease.5．Iwasabouttogobacktosleepwhensuddenlymybedroombecameasbrightasday.1Aboutamonthago，Iwassailing，andtowardsnightIfoundmyselfcarriedouttoseabyastrongwind.大約一個月前，我正在航行，天快黑的時候，我發(fā)覺我被一陣強風(fēng)刮到了海里。(1)句式分析：這是一個簡潔句，由并列連詞and連接。Ifoundmyselfcarriedouttoseabyastrongwind.屬于“find＋賓語＋賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)。(2)find復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的常見形式：①find＋名詞/代詞＋(tobe＋)形容詞/副詞/名詞。意為“發(fā)覺某人/某物……”，tobe?？墒÷缘?。如：Ifindthisjob(tobe)veryexciting.我發(fā)覺這份工作令人興奮。ShefoundJack(tobe)anhonestman.她發(fā)覺杰克是個誠懇的人。②find＋名詞/代詞＋介賓短語。如：Hefoundastrangerintheroom.他發(fā)覺房間里有個生疏人。③find＋名詞/代詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞。意為“發(fā)覺某人/某物始終……”，可表示主動和進行。如：Shefoundawalletlyingontheground.她發(fā)覺地上有一個錢包。④find＋名詞/代詞＋過去分詞。意為“發(fā)覺某人/某物被……”，可表示被動和完成。如：Hefoundhisdoghiddeninthebush.他發(fā)覺他的狗藏在灌木叢中。⑤findit＋形容詞＋todo。it是形式賓語，代替真正的賓語todo。如：WefindithardtolearnEnglishgrammar.我們發(fā)覺學(xué)英語語法很難。[即學(xué)即練](1)Onthewayhome，hefoundhispocketpicked(pick)．(2)Hehurriedtothestore，onlytofindthedoorclosed(close)．(3)Whenhecametohimself，hefoundhimselflying(lie)inhospital.2eq\a\vs4\al(AnditwastheshipthatbroughtyoutoEngland.,正是那艘船把你帶到了英國。)(1)句式分析：這是一個簡潔句，運用了強調(diào)句型，“Itis/was...that...”，強調(diào)了主語theship。(2)強調(diào)句型的基本用法說明：①基本結(jié)構(gòu)：Itis/was＋被強調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他②被強調(diào)部分：主語、賓語和大部分狀語③it和that/who:it沒有詞義；強調(diào)任何成分都可用that,強調(diào)人時還可用whoItisIthat/whoamwrong.是我錯了。(強調(diào)主語I)ItwasherethatIlostmywatch.我是在這兒丟的手表。(強調(diào)地點狀語here)Itwasyesterdaythatweattendedaconcert.我們是昨天參與的音樂會。(強調(diào)時間狀語yesterday)[思維拓展]強調(diào)句型的特別形式有：①一般疑問式：Is/Wasit＋被強調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他？如：WasitJimthat/whoboughtthebook?買書的是吉姆嗎？②特別疑問式：特別疑問詞＋is/wasitthat＋其他？如：Whatisitthathewantstosee?他原委想看到什么？③not...until強調(diào)式：Itis/wasnotuntil...＋that＋其他。如：ItwasnotuntilyesterdaythatIknewit.直到昨天我才知道此事。[誤區(qū)警示]①若被強調(diào)部分是主語，that/who后的謂語應(yīng)在人稱和數(shù)上與原句的主語一樣。②強調(diào)句型的推斷：將句子中的Itis/was和that/who去掉，假如剩下的成分仍舊能組成一個完整的句子，那么原來的句子就是強調(diào)句型，否則就不是。如：Itiswhenyounearlylosesomeonethatyoufullyrealizehowmuchyouvaluehim.將Itis和that去掉后，得到的句子“Whenyounearlylosesomeoneyoufullyrealizehowmuchyouvaluehim.”在結(jié)構(gòu)和意義上是完整的，說明原句是強調(diào)句型。[即學(xué)即練](1)Itwaswiththehelpofthelocalguidethatthemountainclimberwasrescued.(2)ItwasatmidnightthatIgotbackhomeyesterday.3Ifthisisyourideaofsomekindofjoke，Idon'tthinkit'sveryfunny.假如你們認為這是一個笑話，我可一點兒也不覺得好笑。(1)句式分析：這是一個主從復(fù)合句。Ifthisisyourideaofsomekindofjoke是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，主句是Idon'tthink，后面的it'sveryfunny是省略了that的賓語從句。此處主句Idon'tthinkit'sveryfunny用了否定轉(zhuǎn)移。(2)否定轉(zhuǎn)移的常見用法有：①think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine等動詞后面的賓語從句中的否定詞要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定式，而從句的謂語動詞用確定式。如：Idon'tthinkIcanrememberthe100wordswithintwohours.我想我不能在兩小時內(nèi)記住這100個單詞。Idon'tsupposethathelikesit.我想他不寵愛它。②含有否定轉(zhuǎn)移的句子變反意疑問句時有兩種狀況：若主句主語是第一人稱，簡短問句的主語和謂語應(yīng)與賓語從句的主語和謂語分別保持一樣；若主句主語不是第一人稱，簡短問句的主語和謂語應(yīng)與主句的主語和謂語分別保持一樣。切記，簡短問句的謂語一律用確定式。如：Idon'tthink(that)heisinterestedinthatthing,ishe?我認為他對那件事不感愛好，是嗎？Youdon'timaginehepassedtheexam，doyou?你認為他沒有通過考試，是嗎？[即學(xué)即練]Idon'tthinkanyonecanfinishtheexperiment，can_they?4eq\a\vs4\al(Youcan'topenituntiltwoo'clock.,直到兩點你才能打開它。)(1)句式分析：這是一個簡潔句。運用了“not...until...”句型，意為“直到……才……”。(2)not...until...的用法①基本結(jié)構(gòu)：否定結(jié)構(gòu)的主句＋until＋名詞(短語)/從句，意為“直到……才……”。當主句為否定句時，主句的謂語動詞必需是非持續(xù)性動詞。Hewon'tgotobeduntilshereturns.直到她回來他才會去睡覺。②強調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)：Itis/wasnotuntil...＋that＋剩余部分。ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.直到你告知我，我才知道這件事。③倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu)：Notuntil＋名詞(短語)/從句＋倒裝主句。NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.直到你告知我，我才知道這件事。[即學(xué)即練](1)ItwasnotuntilhewastwentythathebegantolearnEnglish.(2)Notuntilheretiredfromteachingthreeyearsagodidheconsiderhavingaholidayabroad.考點集訓(xùn)三單句語法填空1．Whenhearrived，hefoundalltheworkalreadyfinished(