2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語課時(shí)分層作業(yè)12Unit4GlobalwarmingSectionⅢⅣ含解析新人教版選修6

PAGE1-課時(shí)分層作業(yè)(十二)SectionⅢ、Ⅳ(建議用時(shí)：30分鐘)[語言學(xué)問練習(xí)固基礎(chǔ)]Ⅰ．單句語法填空1．Pleasantmusicisoftenplayedbetweenclassestomakestudentsrefreshed(refresh)andrelaxedforawhile．2．Ican'tputupwithsuchhotweatheranylonger．3．Thepresentation(present)ofprizesbeganafterthespeeches．4．Wehaven'tdecidedwhethertogo(go)campingnextweek．5．Asthebosscan'tcometothereception，I'mrepresentingthecompanyonhisbehalf．6．Nowadays，EQandPQaswellasIQareattachedimportancetoinchildren'sgrowth(grow)．7．Iappreciateyourhelpverymuch，whichhasmadeadifference(different)tome．8．Thepolicediscoveredquantities(quantity)ofarmshiddeninthecave．9．Itwas(be)onlyafterhehadreadthepapersthatMr．Grossrealizedthetaskbeforehimwasextremelydifficulttocomplete．10．Itwasmymotherthat/whogavemeahug，andIcouldseesatisfactioninhereyes．Ⅱ．句型轉(zhuǎn)換1．Getupearlytomorrow．Ifyoudon'tgetupearly，youwillmissthefirstbus．→Getupearlytomorrow．Ifnot，youwillmissthefirstbus．2．Ifitisnecessary，I'llgowithyou．→Ifnecessary，I'llgowithyou．3．Youcanstayhereonconditionthatyoukeepquiet．→Youcanstayhereso/aslongasyoukeepquiet．4．Ababyshouldn'tbeleftaloneinthehouseinanycircumstances．→Innocircumstancesshouldababybeleftaloneinthehouse．5．Howcanshestandthatkindoftreatment?→Howcansheputupwiththatkindoftreatment?[高考題型練習(xí)提實(shí)力]閱讀理解ABesidescontainingattractiveflowers，treesandotherplantsthatbeautifythecommunity，eco-friendlyraingardensarehealthyfortheenvironmentandthepeoplelivingandworkingnearby．Araingardenisnotverydifferentfromatraditionalgarden．Itisjustafarmoreeco-friendlygarden．Usuallyitisbuiltlowerthantheground．Raingardensmakesmartuseofrainandstormwaterbytemporarily(短暫地)holdingwaterfromrainandstormsandlettingitsoak(浸入)slowlyintothegroundbeforeitrunsintostreamsorentersthepublicdrinkingwatersupply．Thus，araingardenkeepsthewater，allowingittobeusedasneededbyplantsintheraingarden，ratherthanflowingimmediatelyintonearbystreamsandgoingunused．Thewaterwillsoakslowlyintothegroundwithinadayortwo．Thiscreatesanadvantagethattheraingardendoesnotallowmosquitoes(蚊子)tobreed．Thisisasimple，attractive，andeco-friendly“green”waytotreatstormwater．What'smore，plantingaraingardenhelpsreducepollutionandimprovetheenvironment．Withoutusingexpensivemachineryandchemicals，raingardensremoveharmfulchemicalsintherainwaterandcutdownontheamountofpollutionreachingstreamsandriversbyupto30%．Nativeplantsarerecommendedforraingardensbecausetheyaremoreusedtothelocalclimate，soil，andwaterconditions．Theymayattractlocalwildlifesuchasnativebirds．Wateryourraingardenimmediatelyafterplantingandonceaweek，unlessyouhavehadatleastaninchofrainduringtheweek．Oncethenativeplantsestablishthenecessaryrootsystem，itwillrequirelittlecare．Often，localgovernmentsandprivatebusinessesdeveloplargeraingardensintheiryardsandinpublicparksasawaytoimprovetheenvironmentandsolvefloodingproblems．However，youdon'tneedtobeaprofessionalenvironmentalengineertocreatearaingarden．Aslongasyou'reeco-conscioushomeowners，youcanhelptheenvironmentbybuildingsmallerraingardensinyouryards．【語篇解讀】除了有吸引人的花卉、樹木和其他美化社區(qū)的植物外，環(huán)保的集雨園對環(huán)境和旁邊生活和工作的人都是有益的。1．Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2refersto．A．waterinnativeplantsB．nearbystreamwaterC．rainandstormwaterD．publicdrinkingwaterC[代詞指代題。依據(jù)其次段中的“．．．bytemporarily(短暫地)holdingwaterfromrainandstormsandlettingitsoak(浸入)slowlyintotheground．．．”可推斷it在文中指代rainandstormwater，故C項(xiàng)正確。]2．Whichofthefollowingistheeco-friendlyfunctionofraingardensdiscussedinParagraph4?A．Theycankeeptherainandstormwater．B．Theycanhelpreducethepollutionproblem．C．Theycanbehealthyforthepeoplearound．D．Theycanmaketheenvironmentmorebeautiful．B[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。第四段主要講解并描述了集雨園削減污染的好處，故B項(xiàng)正確。]3．Oneofthemainreasonswhynativeplantsarerecommendedisthat．A．theycostlessandaremucheasiertogetB．theymayattractlocalwildlifetocomeC．theyrequirelittlecarefromthelocalgardenersD．theyaremoreusedtothelocalgrowingconditionsD[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段中的“．．．becausetheyaremoreusedtothelocalclimate，soil，andwaterconditions．”可知，舉薦選用本地植物的最大緣由是它們能更好的適應(yīng)本地的生長環(huán)境。]4．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutraingardens?A．Theyneedlittlewaterafteralltheplantsareplanted．B．Theyusuallyneedatleastaninchofrainwateraweek．C．Theymayattractlocalbirdsandchangethelocalclimate．D．Theymayreducethewaterpollutionproblemby70%．B[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段中的“Wateryourraingardenimmediatelyafterplantingandonceaweek，unlessyouhavehadatleastaninchofrainduringtheweek．”可推知，集雨園平均每周大約須要一英寸的降雨量。]BAsevolutiontendstoremovewaste,howcomeweevolvedsuchlarge,energy-consumingbrains?Thedominanthypothesis(假設(shè))suggeststhattoughsocialinteractionsarethedrivingforce．Butournewstudydoneinanunusualwayshowsthathumanbrainexpansionislikelydrivenbyecology(生態(tài))．Scientistshavetestedtheecologicalandsocialhypothesesbefore．Thecommonapproachistolookatmanyspeciesandinvestigatewhetherlargebrainsareassociatedwithspecificproblems．Forexample,doprimatesorotheranimalswithlargebrainshaveadietthatischallengingtofindbutnutritionallyrewarding?Thiswouldindicateanecologicalorigin．Ordotheyliveinlargegroupswheretheyfacelotsofsocialproblems?Whilemanystudieshavefoundsuchassociations,thereisaproblem．Itcannottellwhetherlargebrainsevolvedtosolvethedifficultproblemsorwhethertheyevolvedforotherreasonsandthenenabledtheirbearerstodealwiththehardproblems．Tofindoutthecausesofbrainexpansion,werecreatedthescenarios(可能出現(xiàn)的狀況)ofthetwohypothesesusingamathematicalmodel．Wefoundthatacombinationofecologicalandsocialchallengesdoproducethebrainsizeweseeinhumans．Butitwasecologicalchallengesthatexpandedbrains．Incontrasttothedominantviewandourownexpectation,wefoundthatsocialchallengescontributedbydecreasingbrainsize．Butyouneedbothfactorstogetthebrainsizeweseetoday—iftherewerenosocialchallengesourbrainswouldhavebeenevenlargerbutlikelypoorlysuitedtosociallife．Biggerisn'tnecessarilybetter．Butmanyanimalsfacehardecologicalproblems．Whydon'ttheyallhavelargebrains?Wefoundthatecologicalproblemsonlyleadtohuman-sizedbrainswhenindividualscankeeplearninghardskillsastheygrow．Soourresultsandthoseofothers'suggestthathardecologyandtheaccumulationofculturalknowledgecouldacttogethertoproduceahuman-sizedbrain．Willthehumanbrainexpandfurther?Thecomplexityofthesystemsinvolvedmakesitimpossibletosaymuchwithcertaintyatpresent．【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。科學(xué)探討發(fā)覺，人類大腦的大小是由生態(tài)環(huán)境和文化學(xué)問的積累的共同作用確定的；大腦并非越大越好，假如大腦過大，則人類將無法適應(yīng)社會交往活動。5．Inmostpeople'sview,whatmakeshumanevolvelargebrains?A．Socialchallenges．B．Socialandecologicalchallenges．C．Ecologicalchallenges．D．Competitionwithotherlargeanimals．A[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段其次句“Thedominanthypothesis(假設(shè))suggeststhattoughsocialinteractionsarethedrivingforce”并結(jié)合第一段內(nèi)容可知，大部分人認(rèn)為麻煩的社會交往活動是人類大腦進(jìn)化的動力，故A項(xiàng)正確。]6．What'stheproblemofthecommonapproach?A．Itsmodelisnotreliableenough．B．Itdoesn'ttellthecauseandeffectclearly．C．Itshypothesiscannotbeprovedeffectively．D．Itdoesn'tfindbrainsizeisconnectedwithproblems．B[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段其次句“Itcannottellwhetherlargebrainsevolvedtosolvethedifficultproblemsorwhethertheyevolvedforotherreasonsandthenenabledtheirbearerstodealwiththehardproblems”可知，傳統(tǒng)的探討方法無法說明清晰大腦進(jìn)化的緣由和影響，故B項(xiàng)正確。]7．Whydon'tmanyanimalshavelargebrains?A．Theydon'tl