考點(diǎn)19難點(diǎn)題型(四)首字母填空-備戰(zhàn)2023年中考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)幫(上海專用)(原卷版+解析)

考點(diǎn)19難點(diǎn)題型（四）首字母填空上海市五年中考試卷首字母填空考查要點(diǎn)統(tǒng)計(jì)發(fā)現(xiàn)考查重點(diǎn)是名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞和代詞這幾大詞類。考向一、首字母填空解題技巧：1.通讀短文，了解大意；2.判斷句子成分；3.確定空格單詞詞性；4.聯(lián)系上下文，找線索，推測(cè)答案；5.通讀短文，檢查答案。注意語(yǔ)法問(wèn)題；考向二、解題技巧詳解從句子成分角度分析一個(gè)句子一般由兩部分構(gòu)成，即主語(yǔ)部分和謂語(yǔ)部分，這兩部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)等。對(duì)主語(yǔ)的判斷：做主語(yǔ)詞性主要為：名詞，代詞，動(dòng)名詞。注意名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。【隨堂測(cè)練1】TheI________bringsuscloserthanbefore.Doingsomer________beforethetestisnecessary.Threer________happenedyesterday.Buttodayalltherobbershavebeencaughtbythepolice.Thechildrenareallworkingintheclassroom.Someofthemarecleaningthewindowsando_______aresweepingthefloor.

此外，形容詞前加the也可作主語(yǔ)。eg:Thericharenotalwayshappy.句中therich指“有錢(qián)人”，因此可以作主語(yǔ)。對(duì)謂語(yǔ)的判斷：做謂語(yǔ)詞性主要為：動(dòng)詞。注意時(shí)態(tài)的問(wèn)題?！倦S堂測(cè)練2】Mymumalwayse________metobeabraveboywhenIwasyoung.ThiskindofnewmobilephonecostssomuchthatIcanhardlya________one.Knowingmorethanonelanguagei________yourknowledgeofothercultures.Thestudentsinourschoolalwaysc________aboutthefood.時(shí)態(tài):一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：要考慮動(dòng)詞的三單形式一般過(guò)去時(shí)：要考慮動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：考慮動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：要考慮動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的形式對(duì)賓語(yǔ)的判斷:做賓語(yǔ)詞性主要為：主要為名詞，代詞，動(dòng)名詞。【隨堂測(cè)練3】Thedoctorsarebusyo________ontheseriouslyinjuredmanatthemoment.Ifyoufeelnervous,takeadeepb________andI'msureyou'llfeelbetter.Hehadtomakeac________betweenstudyinginShanghaiandgoingabroad.Ifyoumeetwithanyd________,youcanaskmeforhelp.對(duì)表語(yǔ)的判斷:做表語(yǔ)詞性主要為：形容詞，名詞,介詞短語(yǔ)。如果是動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式作表語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞必須改成todo,doing或done的形式。注意形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)?！倦S堂測(cè)練4】Heisp________ofhisdaughter,forshealwaysgetsAgradesinallsubjects.Thesickmanisgettingw________.Maybehewilldiesoon.Suchcoldweatherisquiteu________inMayandpeoplehavetowearwarmclothesagain.Shewasa________abigprizeforherhardwork.對(duì)定語(yǔ)的判斷:做定語(yǔ)詞性主要為：形容詞，序數(shù)詞，介詞短語(yǔ)。如果是動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式作定語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞必須改成todo,doing或done的形式。注意形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)?！倦S堂測(cè)練5】I’vebeenusedtothec________weatherinLondon.ThevisittoChongmingIslandwasreallyu________,itleftusasweetmemory.That’sonlymyp________opinion.Everyoneiswelcometoshareyours.TheFrenchartistsaid,“Itismyf_______timetovisitShanghai.Ilovethiscitysomuch.”對(duì)狀語(yǔ)的判斷:做狀語(yǔ)詞性主要為：副詞，介詞。如果是動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式作狀語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞必須改成todo,doing或done的形式?！倦S堂測(cè)練6】TheoldladycouldhardlybelievethatshehadgotthetravelpasstoHongKongsoe________.Sheremembereditwashard.IthoughtIwaswrong.A________,itisawisedecision.B________,youneedtomakeupastory.Canyouwriteyourownone?Asyouclimb,yourpartnerpullsyouclimbingropet________somethingcalleda

belaydevice

(繩索控制器).對(duì)連詞的判斷:并列連詞and,but,or,so,notonly…butalso,either…or,neither…nor,aswellas,both…and等連接并列的詞,詞組和句子;從屬連詞although/though/because/if/unless/when/until/after/before/as/...等連接從句。因此，首字母中一個(gè)句子中有從句的話，就考慮從屬連詞。【隨堂測(cè)練7】Workharder,a________you’llmakegreatprogressinEnglish.Myjobistoprotecttheinnocentaswella________findtheguilty.A________WaltDisneymademanyofhismostfamousmoviesmanyyearsago,theyareaspopularnowastheywerewhenhemadethem.Youwillfailintheexamu________youstudyharderthanbefore.其他做題思路：依據(jù)習(xí)慣用法與固定搭配進(jìn)行填詞：如:W________hishelp,theoldmanwassafe.Theboythankedhimverymuch.從句意我們就知道是“在他的幫助下”，withhishelp.依據(jù)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)進(jìn)行填詞：如:Thesepeopleoftenhavethinwallswhichcan’ts________thenoisefromnextdoor.根據(jù)句意我們了解道墻壁很薄，所以不能阻止隔壁的噪音。根據(jù)中考詞組“stop…from”，所以填stop。依據(jù)常識(shí)的積累進(jìn)行填詞：如:Butitwastoolate.Hisfriendwasveryangry.Mr.Whitesaidnothingbutonlyoneword“S________.”Mr.White遲到了，他的朋友很生氣，他什么都沒(méi)說(shuō)，只說(shuō)了一個(gè)字“S

.”我們根據(jù)常識(shí)肯定是向他的朋友道歉，所以肯定填sorry.依據(jù)邏輯推理與句意理解進(jìn)行填詞：如：OneSundayafternoon,Mr.Whitedrovehisnewcartohisfriend’shousehappily.Hewantedtop________

hisfriendupatfiveandthenwenttoseeanewmovietogether.根據(jù)句意，Mr.White高興地開(kāi)著車(chē)去他的朋友家，然后一起去看電影，我們可以進(jìn)行邏輯推理，他肯定是去接他的朋友，所以填pick.（2022春·上海徐匯·九年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給。Ifyousufferfromshyness(羞怯),youarenotalone,forshynessisauniversalphenomenon.Itisnotsurprisingthatsocialscientistsareexploringitsenvironmentalcauses.Thefirstenvironmentalcauseofshynessmaybeachild’shomeandfamilylife.Today’schildrenaregrowingupinsmallerfamilies,withf____1____relativeslivingnearby.Growingupinhomesinwhichbothparentsworkfulltime,childrenmaynothavethesocializingexperienceoffrequentvisitsbyneighborsandfriends.Becauseoftheirlackofsocialskills,theymaybegintofeelshywhentheystartschool.As____2____environmentalcauseofshynessinanindividualmaybeone’sculture.InalargestudymadeinJapan,57percentofpeoplerated(評(píng)估)t____3____asshy.ResearchersLynneHendersonandPhilipZimbardosay,“OneexplanationisthatinJapan,aperson’ss____4____iscreditedexternallyto(表面上歸因于)parents,grandparents,teachers,coaches,andothers,whilefailureisentirelyblamedon(完全歸咎于)theperson.”Therefore,Japaneselearnnottotakerisksinpublicandrelyi____5____ongroup-shareddecisions.Technologymayalsoplayarole.IntheUnitedStates,thenumberofyoungpeoplewhoreportbeingshyhasr____6____from40percentto50percentinrecentyears.Duetoourhugeadvancesintechnology,watchingtelevision,playingvideogames,andsurfingtheWebhavetakentheplaceofrecreationalactivitiesthatinvolvesocialinteraction(涉及交際互動(dòng))formanyyoungpeople.Adults,too,arebecomingmoreisolatedasaresultoftechnology.Face-to-faceinteractionswithbankclerks,gasstationattendantsandshopassistantsarenolongern____7____becausepeoplecanusemachinestodotheirbanking,filltheirgastanks,andordergoods.Inshort,theybecomeshy.Itappearsthatmostpeoplehaveexperiencedshynessatsometimeintheirlives.Therefore,ifyouareshy,youhavelotsofcompany.（2022春·上海徐匯·九年級(jí)上海市徐匯中學(xué)?？计谥校┰诙涛牡目崭駜?nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給。Cellphoneshavebecomeoneofthemostusefuldevicesinthepasthalfcentury.Thefirstcellphonehadonlyoneuse—callingsomeone.Today’ssmart-phonesarereallyminicomputersthatallowuserstodomanythingsatonce.Peoplecansendt___8___andemails,listentomusic,takepicturesandvideos,andfindinformationonline.Cellphonesareperfectforlearninginschool.Forexample,studentscanfindinformationontheInternet,s___9___mathproblemsandsharenotes.Theycanusecalendarsandalarmsforremindersabouthomework,projects,andtests.Theycanevenshareideasonsocialmedia.Someschoolsdon’tallowcellphonesb___10___theythinkthephonescandistractstudentsfromtheirwork.Someteachersworrythatstudentswon’tpayattentionandwillneedtoberemindedtoputdowntheirphones.Theyalsoworrythatstudentswillspendlunchesandrecessplayinggamesorusingsocialmedia.Kidscouldmissoutonqualitytimespentwithfriends.Teachersandparentsalsoworryaboutstudentsusingphonestocheatontestsorbullyothers.Cheatingisunfairanddoesnothelpstudentslearn.Bullyingh___11___classmates.Studiesshowthatyoungerstudentsaremorelikelytobebullediftheyhavecellphones.However,researchershavefoundthatmostparentsandteacherswantstudentstohavephones.Itisimportantforparentsandchildrentobeabletokeepintouch.Teacherslikeusingphonesduringlessonsbecausestudentsaremoreinterestedandpayc___12___attention.Manyteachersfeelthatthebenefitsoutweightheproblemsifstudentslearntousethecellphonesc___13___.Teachersandparentscanteachkidstousecellphonesinasafewaythathelpsthemlearnnewthings.Inclass,phonesshouldbes___14___andusedonlyforlessons.Studentsshouldalsotracktimespentontheirphonesandavoidusingthemtoomuch.Studentsshouldbeallowedtousecellphonesinschool.Settinggoodgroundrulescanimprovelearningforeveryone.（2022秋·上海徐匯·九年級(jí)上海市西南位育中學(xué)校考期中）Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords.(首字母填空，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給)NewYorkCity’spolicedepartment(NYPD)hasdecidedtoreturnarobotdog.Thoughtherobotworkedwell,itupsetmanypeople.Somethoughtitwas“creepy(嚇人的)”.Othersw____15____thatitwouldinvade(侵犯)theirprivacy.Spotisadog-shapedrobotbuiltbyatechcompany.Therobothasfourlegs,soevenonroughgrounditcanmovee____16____.Insteadofahead,therobothasacamera.Italsohasamicrophoneandaspeaker,andpeoplecancontrolitfromadistance.InDecember,2020,theNYPDannounced(宣布)thatitwouldbeginusingaspecialversionofSpot.Theirrobotwaspaintedblue.Ithasaspecialcameratoallowitto“see”everythingonallsidesofit.Theycalledtheirversion“Digidog”.TherobotcosttheNYPDabout$94,000.Thatmayseemlikealotofmoney,butit’scheapforarobot.WhenitannouncedDigidog,theNYPDsaid,“Thisdogisgoingtosavelives,protectpeople,andprotectofficers,andthat’sourg____17____.”Theysoonfoundoutthatnoteveryonewasexcitedabouttherobotastheywere.AftertherobotwasbroughttoanemergencycallinFebruary,avideoofitwassharedw____18____,andupsetalotofpeople.Manypeoplewereconcernedthatthepolicewereusinganelectronicdogforspying(暗中監(jiān)視).Othersfeltlikeitwaswrongforthepolicetospendmoneyonmachines.Theyshouldfocusonp____19____.Formanypeople,theconcernwasn’tjustaboutthisrobotdog,butaboutwhatfuturepolicerobotsmightlooklike.Forexample,theyfearedthatthepolicemightusearobotthatcouldcontrolitso____20____movements,oronethatcarriedweapons.Whenthedogwasuseda____21____inlateApril,2021,anothervideowassharedontheInternet.Manypeoplewerestillupset.Asaresultofthestrongpublicreaction,theNYPDdecidedtogetridofDigidog,andtoreturnhimtothetechcompany.（2022秋·上海浦東新·九年級(jí)上海市實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校?？计谀〧illintheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給）WhatDoOlympicAthletesEat?Lastmonth,CCTVreleasedtheathletes’(運(yùn)動(dòng)員)menufortheBeijing2022WinterOlympics.There’reasmanyas678differentdishesonthemenu.Thesedisheswillbeprovidedinturnsandaround200disheswillbea____22____forathleteseachdayinthethreecompetitionzonesofBeijing,YanqingandZhangjiakou.TheathletesoftheWinterOlympicscomefromdifferentculturalb____23____.Themenui____24____dishesfromaroundtheworldtomeettheirdifferentneedsandeatinghabits.SomelocalChinesespecialties(特色菜)canalsobefoundonthemenu,suchasWestLakebeefsoupandPekingroastduck.Athleteswillbeabletof____25____andexperiencethefullcharmofChinesefoodculture.The2022WinterOlympicGameswilloverlapwiththeChineseSpringFestival.So,someofthespecialdishesforthisfestivalhavealsobeena____26____tothemenu.Foreignathleteswillbeableto“taste”theChineseLunarNewYear.B____27____,toprotecttheenvironment,therestaurantwillusebiodegradabletableware(可生物降解的餐具).Let’slookforwardtoag____28____and“delicious”WinterOlympics!（2022秋·上海徐匯·九年級(jí)上海市徐匯中學(xué)?？计谥校┰诙涛牡目崭駜?nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給。SmallbusinessbigtreatsA12-year-oldgirlstartsherownbusinesssellingdogtreats(零食).Duringthepandemic(疫情),manypeoplespentmoretimewiththeirpetsathome.Butaseventh-graderusedthistimetosetupherownbusiness—sellingdogtreats.JasmineThomas-Gainey,12yearsold,livesinMarinCounty,US.Shef____29____DoggyDogTreatsByJazzyduringthepandemic.HerpetChihuahuahelpstestthetreatsbeforetheygetsold.InaninterviewwiththeMarinIndependentJournal,Thomas-Gaineysaidthatherdog,Buddy,lovesthehome-bakedtreatsshemakes.”Wheneverwebakethem,heisstandingbythek____30____,andwheneverwearepackingthemup,heiss____31____followingus,”shesaid.“AfterIfiguredoutthethingsdogscaneat,Icameupwithmyowndogrecipes(食譜),”saidThomas-Gainey.“Ihavelearnedmoreaboutw____32____dogscanandcan’teat.Itwasinterestingtodotheresearch.”“Ilikeseeingther____33____thatpeopleleave.”saidThomas-Gainey.“AndIalsolikeseeingiftheyposts____34____ontheirInstagramoftheirdogshappyaboutthetreats.”O(jiān)neofthethingsThomas-Gaineyenjoysmostishavingherownbusinessatayoungage.“Youcanneverbetooyoung,”shesaid.“Whenyoustartsoyoung,itopensalotmorepossibilities,andthere’smoretimeforyoutogrow.”Thomas-Gaineyalwaysfeelsencouragedbyhermother,sosheismorepositiveandc____35____now,eveninthefaceofdifficulties.Shehaslearnedalotbystartingherownbusiness.（2022秋·上海長(zhǎng)寧·九年級(jí)上海市新涇中學(xué)?？计谥校┰诙涛牡目崭駜?nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順。每空格限填一詞，首字母已給。ThenightbeforeChristmas,amanpunishedhisfive-year-olddaughterforusingupallofthefamily’sexpensivewrappingpaper.Moneywastight(緊張的),andhebecameverya___36___whenthechildtriedtowrapaboxtoputundertheChristmastree.However,thenextmorning,thelittlegirl,whowasf___37___withexcitement,broughtthegiftboxtoherfather’sbedroomandsaidtohim,“Thisisforyou,Daddy!MerryChristmasandIloveyou!”Thefatherwasembarrassedbyhise___38___reaction(反應(yīng))tothelittlegirl.Butwhenheopenedthebox,hefounditemptyandlosthistemperagain.“Don’tyouknow,younglady,”hesaid,“Anytimeyouwanttogivesomeoneap___39___,itisnecessarytoputsomethinginsidethebox!”Thelittlegirllookedupathimwithtearsinhereyesandsaid,“Daddy,it’snotempty.Lastnight,Iblewkissesintoitu___40___itwasallfull.”Thefatherfellonhiskneesandputhisarmsaroundhislittlegirl.Hebeggedhertoforgivehimforhisanger.Afterthat,thefatherk___41___thelittleboxbyhisbedforalltheyearsofhislife.Wheneverhewasdiscouragedorfaceddifficultproblems,hewouldopentheboxc___42___,takeoutakiss,andremembertheloveofhisbeautifulchildwhohadputkissesinit.Thenhecouldgetthroughthedarknessinhislife.（2022·上海·統(tǒng)考中考真題）在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順。每空格限填一詞，首字母已給出。Whichwouldyouratherspendyourmoneyon,anoutingwithfriendsorapairofexpensiveshoes?Itismyopinionthatspendingmoneyonexperiencesbringsgreaterhappiness.Myfirstr___43___isthatexperiencesmakeusdifferentaswegrow.Wearenottheresultofthethingswe’vebought.Instead,wearetheresultofeverythingwe’veseenanddone.Forexample,gettingexpensiveclothesdidn’tc___44___measaperson,butthecampingtriplastsummercertainlydid.Itmadememoreindependent.Inaddition,Ip___45___experiencesbecausetheybringpeopletogether.Sharinganewexperiencedevelopsstrongerrelationshipsandcreateslong-lastingmemories.ThreeyearsagoImetsometeenagersonastudytripandnowIams___46___intouchwiththem,butIhardlyrememberwhatIboughtduringthetrip.Myfinalpointisthat,althoughsomepeoplesayitisagreatj___47___toownthings,Ithinkusingthethingsyouownismorepleasant.Forexample,Ispendmostofmysparemoneyonnewpartsformyoldmountainbike,butIlovetheexperienceofc___48___,notowningbikeparts!Tosumup,experiencesmakeuswhoweareanddevelopstrongerrelationships.Sonexttimebeforeyoupayforsomething,giveitsomes___49___thought.Askyourself,“WhichwillIspendmymoneyon,anoutingorapairofshoes?”（2021·上?！そy(tǒng)考中考真題）在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順。每空格限填一詞，首字母已給。It’s5:00a.m.!AmormingcallwakesupMarco.Hedoesn’tgetupsoe____50____athomeinLosAngeles.Well,maybetoeatbreakfastonceinawhilebutnevertoherd(放牧)cowsandsheep!ButMarcoisn’tathome.HeisinAfrica,onthegrasslandsofKenya(肯尼亞).Heislivingwiththeherdsmen.“LifeisverydifferentinKenya.Peopleliveap____51____lifehereonthegrasslands.Theycan’taffordTVs,carsormobilephones.Theymakealivingmainlybyherdingcowsandsheep,”Marcosays.Marco’striptoAfricaisn’tah____52____.It’spartoftheschoolprojectforbiologycourseatSunshineSchool.Theschoolhopesthestudentswillhavemorelifeexperiences.TheyhaveneverbeentoAfrica.Kenyaisacountrywhichisc____53____newtothestudentsfromLosAngeles.Whenthestudentsgetthere,theyputonlocalclothing.Boysherdcows.Girlscollectfirewoodandwater.Familiesdependontheircows.Asaresult,theherdsmenandthestudentshavetom____54____fromoneareatoanothersothatthecowshavemoregrasstoeat.NowinLosAngeles,KenyaisonthemindsofthestudentsatSunshineSchoolallyear.DisastershavekilledmanycowsinKenya,sothestudentsdecidetoraisemoneytob____55____cowsforthelocalpeople.Eachcowcostsabout$100.“Onecowmeansmoretothehealthofafamilythanmoney,”saysMarco.“Herewearereallygivinglife.Acowwillgiveakidmilkeveryday.”Theschoolwantstogivethestudentsadifferentwayofthinking.HelpingtheherdsmeninKenyaisjustthefirsts____56____.Next,thestudentswilltrytodiscoverwaystogiveahandtothoseinLosAngeleswhoneedhelp.考點(diǎn)19難點(diǎn)題型（四）首字母填空上海市五年中考試卷首字母填空考查要點(diǎn)統(tǒng)計(jì)發(fā)現(xiàn)

考查重點(diǎn)是名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞和代詞這幾大詞類。

考向一、首字母填空解題技巧：1.通讀短文，了解大意；2.判斷句子成分；3.確定空格單詞詞性；4.聯(lián)系上下文，找線索，推測(cè)答案；5.通讀短文，檢查答案。注意語(yǔ)法問(wèn)題；考向二、解題技巧詳解從句子成分角度分析一個(gè)句子一般由兩部分構(gòu)成，即主語(yǔ)部分和謂語(yǔ)部分，這兩部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)等。對(duì)主語(yǔ)的判斷：做主語(yǔ)詞性主要為：名詞，代詞，動(dòng)名詞。注意名詞單復(fù)數(shù)?！倦S堂測(cè)練1】TheI________bringsuscloserthanbefore.Doingsomer________beforethetestisnecessary.Threer________happenedyesterday.Buttodayalltherobbershavebeencaughtbythepolice.Thechildrenareallworkingintheclassroom.Someofthemarecleaningthewindowsando_______aresweepingthefloor.

此外，形容詞前加the也可作主語(yǔ)。eg:Thericharenotalwayshappy.句中therich指“有錢(qián)人”，因此可以作主語(yǔ)。對(duì)謂語(yǔ)的判斷：做謂語(yǔ)詞性主要為：動(dòng)詞。注意時(shí)態(tài)的問(wèn)題?！倦S堂測(cè)練2】Mymumalwayse________metobeabraveboywhenIwasyoung.ThiskindofnewmobilephonecostssomuchthatIcanhardlya________one.Knowingmorethanonelanguagei________yourknowledgeofothercultures.Thestudentsinourschoolalwaysc________aboutthefood.時(shí)態(tài):一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：要考慮動(dòng)詞的三單形式一般過(guò)去時(shí)：要考慮動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：考慮動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：要考慮動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的形式對(duì)賓語(yǔ)的判斷:做賓語(yǔ)詞性主要為：主要為名詞，代詞，動(dòng)名詞?！倦S堂測(cè)練3】Thedoctorsarebusyo________ontheseriouslyinjuredmanatthemoment.Ifyoufeelnervous,takeadeepb________andI'msureyou'llfeelbetter.Hehadtomakeac________betweenstudyinginShanghaiandgoingabroad.Ifyoumeetwithanyd________,youcanaskmeforhelp.對(duì)表語(yǔ)的判斷:做表語(yǔ)詞性主要為：形容詞，名詞,介詞短語(yǔ)。如果是動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式作表語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞必須改成todo,doing或done的形式。注意形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。【隨堂測(cè)練4】Heisp________ofhisdaughter,forshealwaysgetsAgradesinallsubjects.Thesickmanisgettingw________.Maybehewilldiesoon.Suchcoldweatherisquiteu________inMayandpeoplehavetowearwarmclothesagain.Shewasa________abigprizeforherhardwork.對(duì)定語(yǔ)的判斷:做定語(yǔ)詞性主要為：形容詞，序數(shù)詞，介詞短語(yǔ)。如果是動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式作定語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞必須改成todo,doing或done的形式。注意形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。【隨堂測(cè)練5】I’vebeenusedtothec________weatherinLondon.ThevisittoChongmingIslandwasreallyu________,itleftusasweetmemory.That’sonlymyp________opinion.Everyoneiswelcometoshareyours.TheFrenchartistsaid,“Itismyf_______timetovisitShanghai.Ilovethiscitysomuch.”對(duì)狀語(yǔ)的判斷:做狀語(yǔ)詞性主要為：副詞，介詞。如果是動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式作狀語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞必須改成todo,doing或done的形式?！倦S堂測(cè)練6】TheoldladycouldhardlybelievethatshehadgotthetravelpasstoHongKongsoe________.Sheremembereditwashard.IthoughtIwaswrong.A________,itisawisedecision.B________,youneedtomakeupastory.Canyouwriteyourownone?Asyouclimb,yourpartnerpullsyouclimbingropet________somethingcalleda

belaydevice

(繩索控制器).對(duì)連詞的判斷:并列連詞and,but,or,so,notonly…butalso,either…or,neither…nor,aswellas,both…and等連接并列的詞,詞組和句子;從屬連詞although/though/because/if/unless/when/until/after/before/as/...等連接從句。因此，首字母中一個(gè)句子中有從句的話，就考慮從屬連詞。【隨堂測(cè)練7】Workharder,a________you’llmakegreatprogressinEnglish.Myjobistoprotecttheinnocentaswella________findtheguilty.A________WaltDisneymademanyofhismostfamousmoviesmanyyearsago,theyareaspopularnowastheywerewhenhemadethem.Youwillfailintheexamu________youstudyharderthanbefore.其他做題思路：依據(jù)習(xí)慣用法與固定搭配進(jìn)行填詞：如:W________hishelp,theoldmanwassafe.Theboythankedhimverymuch.從句意我們就知道是“在他的幫助下”，withhishelp.依據(jù)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)進(jìn)行填詞：如:Thesepeopleoftenhavethinwallswhichcan’ts________thenoisefromnextdoor.根據(jù)句意我們了解道墻壁很薄，所以不能阻止隔壁的噪音。根據(jù)中考詞組“stop…from”，所以填stop。依據(jù)常識(shí)的積累進(jìn)行填詞：如:Butitwastoolate.Hisfriendwasveryangry.Mr.Whitesaidnothingbutonlyoneword“S________.”Mr.White遲到了，他的朋友很生氣，他什么都沒(méi)說(shuō)，只說(shuō)了一個(gè)字“S

.”我們根據(jù)常識(shí)肯定是向他的朋友道歉，所以肯定填sorry.依據(jù)邏輯推理與句意理解進(jìn)行填詞：如：OneSundayafternoon,Mr.Whitedrovehisnewcartohisfriend’shousehappily.Hewantedtop________

hisfriendupatfiveandthenwenttoseeanewmovietogether.根據(jù)句意，Mr.White高興地開(kāi)著車(chē)去他的朋友家，然后一起去看電影，我們可以進(jìn)行邏輯推理，他肯定是去接他的朋友，所以填pick.參考答案：【隨堂測(cè)練1】1.Internet 2.revision 3.robberies 4.others【隨堂測(cè)練2】1.encouraged/enabled 2.afford 3.improves/increases 4.complain【隨堂測(cè)練3】1.operating 2.breath 3.choice 4.difficulty【隨堂測(cè)練4】1.proud 2.worse 3.unusual 4.awarded【隨堂測(cè)練5】1.changeable2.unforgettable3.personal 4.first【隨堂測(cè)練6】1.easily 2.Actually 3.Besides 4.through【隨堂測(cè)練7】1.and 2.as 3.Although 4.unless（2022春·上海徐匯·九年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給。Ifyousufferfromshyness(羞怯),youarenotalone,forshynessisauniversalphenomenon.Itisnotsurprisingthatsocialscientistsareexploringitsenvironmentalcauses.Thefirstenvironmentalcauseofshynessmaybeachild’shomeandfamilylife.Today’schildrenaregrowingupinsmallerfamilies,withf____1____relativeslivingnearby.Growingupinhomesinwhichbothparentsworkfulltime,childrenmaynothavethesocializingexperienceoffrequentvisitsbyneighborsandfriends.Becauseoftheirlackofsocialskills,theymaybegintofeelshywhentheystartschool.As____2____environmentalcauseofshynessinanindividualmaybeone’sculture.InalargestudymadeinJapan,57percentofpeoplerated(評(píng)估)t____3____asshy.ResearchersLynneHendersonandPhilipZimbardosay,“OneexplanationisthatinJapan,aperson’ss____4____iscreditedexternallyto(表面上歸因于)parents,grandparents,teachers,coaches,andothers,whilefailureisentirelyblamedon(完全歸咎于)theperson.”Therefore,Japaneselearnnottotakerisksinpublicandrelyi____5____ongroup-shareddecisions.Technologymayalsoplayarole.IntheUnitedStates,thenumberofyoungpeoplewhoreportbeingshyhasr____6____from40percentto50percentinrecentyears.Duetoourhugeadvancesintechnology,watchingtelevision,playingvideogames,andsurfingtheWebhavetakentheplaceofrecreationalactivitiesthatinvolvesocialinteraction(涉及交際互動(dòng))formanyyoungpeople.Adults,too,arebecomingmoreisolatedasaresultoftechnology.Face-to-faceinteractionswithbankclerks,gasstationattendantsandshopassistantsarenolongern____7____becausepeoplecanusemachinestodotheirbanking,filltheirgastanks,andordergoods.Inshort,theybecomeshy.Itappearsthatmostpeoplehaveexperiencedshynessatsometimeintheirlives.Therefore,ifyouareshy,youhavelotsofcompany.【答案】1．(f)ewer

2．(s)econd

3．(t)hemselves

4．(s)uccess

5．(i)nstead

6．(r)isen

7．(n)ecessary【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了如果你感到羞怯，你并不孤單，因?yàn)樾咔邮且环N普遍現(xiàn)象。社會(huì)科學(xué)家正在探索其環(huán)境原因。1．句意：如今的孩子成長(zhǎng)在更小的家庭中，附近的親戚越來(lái)越少。根據(jù)“Today’schildrenaregrowingupinsmallerfamilies”可知成長(zhǎng)在更小的家庭，親戚更少，fewer“更少的”，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填(f)ewer。2．句意：造成個(gè)人害羞的第二個(gè)環(huán)境因素可能是一個(gè)人的文化。根據(jù)“Thefirstenvironmentalcause”可知此處指第二個(gè)環(huán)境因素，用second表示“第二”。故填(s)econd。3．句意：在日本進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)大型研究中，57%的人認(rèn)為自己害羞。根據(jù)“57percentofpeople”可知是評(píng)估他們自己，用themselves表示“他們自己”。故填(t)hemselves。4．句意：一種解釋是，在日本，一個(gè)人的成功從外部歸功于父母、祖父母、老師、教練和其他人，而失敗則完全歸咎于個(gè)人。根據(jù)“whilefailureisentirelyblamedontheperson”可知此處指成功歸功于其他人，success“成功”，作主語(yǔ)。故填(s)uccess。5．句意：因此，日本人學(xué)會(huì)了不在公共場(chǎng)合冒險(xiǎn)，而是依賴集體共同的決定。根據(jù)“Japaneselearnnottotakerisksinpublic”可知依賴于集體共同的決定，而不去冒險(xiǎn)，用instead表示“代替，反而”。故填(i)nstead。6．句意：近年來(lái)，在美國(guó)，自稱害羞的年輕人數(shù)量從40%上升到50%。根據(jù)“from40percentto50percent”可知數(shù)量上升了，rise“上升”，has后接其過(guò)去分詞形式risen，構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填(r)isen。7．句意：人們不再需要與銀行職員、加油站服務(wù)員和店員進(jìn)行面對(duì)面的交流，因?yàn)槿藗兛梢允褂脵C(jī)器來(lái)辦理銀行業(yè)務(wù)、加油和訂購(gòu)商品。根據(jù)“becausepeoplecanusemachinestodotheirbanking,filltheirgastanks,andordergoods”可知不必要面對(duì)面交流，are后用形容詞作表語(yǔ)，necessary“必要的”。故填(n)ecessary。（2022春·上海徐匯·九年級(jí)上海市徐匯中學(xué)?？计谥校┰诙涛牡目崭駜?nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給。Cellphoneshavebecomeoneofthemostusefuldevicesinthepasthalfcentury.Thefirstcellphonehadonlyoneuse—callingsomeone.Today’ssmart-phonesarereallyminicomputersthatallowuserstodomanythingsatonce.Peoplecansendt___8___andemails,listentomusic,takepicturesandvideos,andfindinformationonline.Cellphonesareperfectforlearninginschool.Forexample,studentscanfindinformationontheInternet,s___9___mathproblemsandsharenotes.Theycanusecalendarsandalarmsforremindersabouthomework,projects,andtests.Theycanevenshareideasonsocialmedia.Someschoolsdon’tallowcellphonesb___10___theythinkthephonescandistractstudentsfromtheirwork.Someteachersworrythatstudentswon’tpayattentionandwillneedtoberemindedtoputdowntheirphones.Theyalsoworrythatstudentswillspendlunchesandrecessplayinggamesorusingsocialmedia.Kidscouldmissoutonqualitytimespentwithfriends.Teachersandparentsalsoworryaboutstudentsusingphonestocheatontestsorbullyothers.Cheatingisunfairanddoesnothelpstudentslearn.Bullyingh___11___classmates.Studiesshowthatyoungerstudentsaremorelikelytobebullediftheyhavecellphones.However,researchershavefoundthatmostparentsandteacherswantstudentstohavephones.Itisimportantforparentsandchildrentobeabletokeepintouch.Teacherslikeusingphonesduringlessonsbecausestudentsaremoreinterestedandpayc___12___attention.Manyteachersfeelthatthebenefitsoutweightheproblemsifstudentslearntousethecellphonesc___13___.Teachersandparentscanteachkidstousecellphonesinasafewaythathelpsthemlearnnewthings.Inclass,phonesshouldbes___14___andusedonlyforlessons.Studentsshouldalsotracktimespentontheirphonesandavoidusingthemtoomuch.Studentsshouldbeallowedtousecellphonesinschool.Settinggoodgroundrulescanimprovelearningforeveryone.【答案】8．(t)exts

9．(s)olve

10．(b)ecause

11．(h)urts

12．(c)loser

13．(c)orrectly

14．(s)tored【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要討論了應(yīng)不應(yīng)該讓學(xué)生在學(xué)校使用智能手機(jī)的問(wèn)題。8．句意：人們可以發(fā)送短信和電子郵件，聽(tīng)音樂(lè)，拍照和視頻，并在網(wǎng)上查找信息。根據(jù)“Peoplecansend...andemails”及首字母和常識(shí)可知，手機(jī)可以發(fā)短信，text“短信”，此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，與emails形成并列關(guān)系，故填(t)exts。9．句意：例如，學(xué)生可以在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上找到信息，解決數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題和分享筆記。根據(jù)“mathproblems”及首字母可知，應(yīng)是解決問(wèn)題，solve“解決”，此處與“findinformation”是并列關(guān)系，所以用動(dòng)詞原形，故填(s)olve。10．句意：一些學(xué)校不允許學(xué)生使用手機(jī)，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為手機(jī)會(huì)分散學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)注意力?？蘸蟆皌heythinkthephonescandistractstudentsfromtheirwork他們認(rèn)為手機(jī)會(huì)分散學(xué)生的注意力”是空前“不允許學(xué)生使用手機(jī)”的原因，所以應(yīng)用because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，故填(b)ecause11．句意：欺凌會(huì)傷害同學(xué)。根據(jù)“Bullying...classmates”及首字母和常識(shí)可知，欺凌會(huì)使學(xué)生收到傷害，hurt“使受傷”，時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在