2025年高二英語寒假銜接（外研版）寒假作業(yè)14 閱讀理解說明文專練（解析版）

第=page1212頁，共=sectionpages1313頁限時練習：40min完成時間：月日天氣：作業(yè)14閱讀理解說明文專練1.AssoonasBoranBumovichHignio’sbarefeettouchthesandonthebeach,hespreadshisarmslikeahelicopterandhappilysays,“Let'sgosurfing!”The7-year-old,wearingablackwetsuit,isfollowedbyadozenotherkidswhoskiptheirwayintothebluewavesofthePacificOceanoffthecoastofPeru'scapital,Lima.BorangetshelpwithhiswetsuitfromDiegoVillarán,whofoundedthelocalsurfschool.ThisPeruviansurfschoolispartofawaveofcommunity-basedprojectsaroundtheworldthatuseaperhapssurprisingmethodtohelpkids:surftherapy(療法).Theideaisnotonlyaboutcatchingwavestomakeuseoftheprovenmentalhealthbenefitsofphysicalexercise.Thewidergoalistocreateaspaceforyoungchildrentoexpressthemselvesfreely,tohelpteachthemhowtoprocesstheiremotionsandtocreatepositivesocialconnections.Lima'ssurftherapyprojectisrunbyAltoPeru,alocalnonprofitnamedaftertheneighborhoodinthesouthofthecitywhereVillardn-its41-year-oldfounder-andallofthetraineesurferscomefrom.ManyofthechildrenintheAltoPeruprogramfacechallengingsituations.Someparentsareaddictedtoalcohol.Oneoftheboyshaseventurnedupforlessonswithablackeyeacoupleoftimes.Halfofallmentalhealthdisordersbeginbeforetheageof14anduptoafifthofteenagersgloballyexperiencementalhealthconditions,accordingtotheWorldMentalHealthSurveyInitiative,whichconductedface-to-faceinterviewsin17countriesacrossAfrica,Asia,theAmericasandEurope.Surftherapy,whichcoversprojectsfromSierraLeonetoCaliforniaandTrinidad,isseenbyadvocatesasaconvincingsolutiontohelpingaddressmentalhealthissuesamongyoungpeople.“Ithaschangedmylife,”saysOmarionButler,19,whobegansurfingwithAltoPerutwoyearsago.“Whenmyparentsputmedowninthepast,itwashardformetoexpressmyfeelings.Butsurfingmakesmemoreconfident.Ithelpsmetotaketimeformyself.”1．WhatdoweknowaboutBoranfromthefirstparagraph?A．Heisgoodatflyingaplane. B．Hefeelsexcitedtogosurfing.C．Heishavingaphysicaleducationclass. D．Heenjoystheholidaywithhisfamily.2．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Theoriginofsurftherapy. B．Thetipsforcatchingwaves.C．Thepurposesofsurftherapy. D．Theadviceonrelationships.3．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph5?A．Addsomebackgroundinformation. B．Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.C．Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion. D．Offersomesuggestionstothereaders.4．WhatisOmarionButler’sattitudetoAltoPeru?A．Unconcerned. B．Unclear. C．Doubtful. D．Favorable.詞匯積累barefeet_________________processv.______________positivesocialconnections_________________name…after…___________beaddictedto_______________mentalhealthdisorder__________turnup______________conductinterviews____________convincing______________advocaten.______________addresshealthissues___________favorable_________________【答案】1．B2．C3．A4．D【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了沖浪療法的目的、意義、人們對此的態(tài)度等。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中“AssoonasBoranBumovichHignio’sbarefeettouchthesandonthebeach,hespreadshisarmslikeahelicopterandhappilysays,“Let'sgosurfing!”(BoranBumovichHignio的光腳一碰到沙灘上的沙子，他就像直升機一樣張開雙臂，高興地說:“我們去沖浪吧！”)”可知，Boran對去沖浪感到興奮。故選B。2．主旨大意題。根據第三段“Theideaisnotonlyaboutcatchingwavestomakeuseoftheprovenmentalhealthbenefitsofphysicalexercise.Thewidergoalistocreateaspaceforyoungchildrentoexpressthemselvesfreely,tohelpteachthemhowtoprocesstheiremotionsandtocreatepositivesocialconnections.(這個想法不僅僅是為了利用體育鍛煉對心理健康的好處。更廣泛的目標是為年幼的孩子創(chuàng)造一個自由表達自己的空間，幫助他們教會如何處理自己的情緒，并建立積極的社會關系。)”可知，本段主要講的是沖浪療法的目的。故選C。3．推理判斷題。根據第五段“Halfofallmentalhealthdisordersbeginbeforetheageof14anduptoafifthofteenagersgloballyexperiencementalhealthconditions,accordingtotheWorldMentalHealthSurveyInitiative,whichconductedface-to-faceinterviewsin17countriesacrossAfrica,Asia,theAmericasandEurope.(根據世界精神衛(wèi)生調查倡議在非洲、亞洲、美洲和歐洲的17個國家進行的面對面訪談，全球有一半的精神健康障礙始于14歲之前，多達五分之一的青少年患有精神健康問題。)”可推斷，本段主要提供了一些背景知識：全球范圍內的青少年患有精神健康問題的狀況。故選A。4．推理判斷題。根據最后一段““Ithaschangedmylife,”saysOmarionButler,19,whobegansurfingwithAltoPerutwoyearsago.(“它改變了我的生活，”19歲的OmarionButler說，他兩年前開始在AltoPeru沖浪。)”可推斷，OmarionButler對AltoPeru這個組織是“贊許的”。故選D。詞匯積累barefeet赤腳processv.處理positivesocialconnections積極的社交連接name…after…以……命名beaddictedto對…上癮mentalhealthdisorder心理健康紊亂turnup出現(xiàn)conductinterviews進行采訪convincing有說服力的advocaten.倡導者addresshealthissues解決健康問題favorable支持的2.Theshinyleavesandbranchingrootsofmangroves(紅樹林)inAustraliaareeye-catching,andnowastudyprovidesuswithnewfindingsaboutthetrees.Long-termtidalcycles(潮汐周期),inlargepart,setinmotiontheexpansionandcontractionofmangroveforestsbythemoondrive,researchersreportinScienceAdvances.Thisdiscoveryiskeytopredictingwhenmangrovesaremostlikelytogrowfast.Mangrovesarecoastaltrees,whicharegoodatabsorbingcarbonandcouldhelpfightclimatechange,thatprovidehabitatforfishandfightagainsterosion(侵蝕).Butinsomeplaces,theforestsfaceplentyofmenaces,includingcoastaldevelopment,pollutionandlandclearingforagriculture.NeilSaintilan,anenvironmentalscientistinSydney,workedouthowthesizeandthicknessofmangroveforestsacrossAustraliachangedovertime.Saintilannoticedacuriouspattern.Mangroveforeststendedtoexpandandcontractinacertainmanner.“Isawthis33-yearregularchange,”Saintilansaid.Thatregularitygottheresearchersthinkingaboutthemoon.Overthecourseof33years,theplane(平面)ofthemoon’sorbitaroundEarthslowlytilts(傾斜).Whenthemoon’sorbitistheleasttiltedrelativetotheequator,semi-diurnaltides(半日潮)—whichconsistoftwohighandlowtideseachday—tendtohavealargerrange.Saintilanfoundthatmangroveforestsexperiencingsemi-diurnaltidestendedtobelargeranddenserpreciselywhenhighertideswereexpectedbasedonthemoon’sorbit,whichcoulddelivermuchmorewaterandnecessarynutrientstomangroves.Itisimportanttorecognizethiseffectonmangrovepopulations.Suchknowledgecouldinformeffortstoprotectandrestoretheforests,thuspromotingthegrowthofthesetrees.Thatmightlooklikeaddedlimitationsonhumanactivitynearbythatcouldharmtheforests.Butpeopleshouldbemorereactive.5．WhichofthefollowingcanbeindicatedfromthenewstudyaboutAustralianmangroves?A．Theycanpredictthemotionofthemoon.B．Theirfavorablegrowthtimeispredictable.C．Theirfunctionsarebeyondnormalimagination.D．Theydowellintransformingcarbonintooxygen.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“menaces”probablymeaninParagraph2?A．Doubts. B．Threats C．Opportunities. D．Solutions.7．Howdoesthemoonaffectmangroves’growthinAustralia?A．Bydecreasingtheappearanceoflowtides.B．BytiltingfrequentlytooffermoretidesfortheEarth.C．Bydrivingtidestoprovidebeneficialelementsforgrowth.D．Bygeneratingsemi-diurnaltidestoreducemangroves’soilloss.8．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A．KnowledgeofProtectingandStoringMangroves.B．ResearchaboutExpansionandContractionofForests.C．DiscoveryontheCausesofHighandLowTides.D．NewFindingsaboutMoonDriveandMangroves.詞匯積累eye-catching________________set…inmotion______________expansion_______________contraction______________absorb_______________tendtodo_______________precisely________________orbit_________________nutrient_______________restore______________reactive________________function________________transform_____________threat______________generate_______________【答案】5．B6．B7．C8．D【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了一項關于澳大利亞紅樹林的新研究，揭示了長期潮汐周期對紅樹林擴張和收縮的影響，以及月亮對紅樹林生長的驅動作用，并指出這些發(fā)現(xiàn)對于預測紅樹林的生長發(fā)展和保護具有重要意義。5．推理判斷題。根據文章第一段中“Thisdiscoveryiskeytopredictingwhenmangrovesaremostlikelytogrowfast.(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)是預測紅樹林何時最有可能快速生長的關鍵。)”可知，從澳大利亞紅樹林的新研究中可以看出他們的有利生長時間是可以預見的，故選B項。6．詞義猜測題。根據文章第二段中“includingcoastaldevelopment,pollutionandlandclearingforagriculture.(包括沿海開發(fā)、污染和農業(yè)用地清理)”可知，menaces包含了“coastaldevelopment,pollutionandlandclearingforagriculture”，而沿海開發(fā)、污染和農業(yè)用地清理都是不利于紅樹林發(fā)展的，是紅樹林所面臨的威脅，故推測menaces的含義為“威脅”，故選B項。7．細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第四段中“Saintilanfoundthatmangroveforestsexperiencingsemi-diurnaltidestendedtobelargeranddenserpreciselywhenhighertideswereexpectedbasedonthemoon’sorbit,whichcoulddelivermuchmorewaterandnecessarynutrientstomangroves.(Saintilan發(fā)現(xiàn)，經歷半晝夜潮汐的紅樹林往往更大、更密集，而根據月球軌道預計潮汐會更高，這可以為紅樹林提供更多的水和必要的養(yǎng)分。)”可知，月球是通過推動潮汐，為紅樹林提供有益元素，故選C項。8．主旨大意題。通讀全文，并結合第一段“Theshinyleavesandbranchingrootsofmangroves( 紅樹林 )inAustraliaareeye-catching,andnowastudyprovidesuswithnewfindingsaboutthetrees.Long-termtidalcycles( 潮汐周期 ),inlargepart,setinmotiontheexpansionandcontractionofmangroveforestsbythemoondrive,researchersreportin ScienceAdvances .Thisdiscoveryiskeytopredictingwhenmangrovesaremostlikelytogrowfast.(澳大利亞紅樹閃亮的葉子和分枝的根引人注目，現(xiàn)在一項研究為我們提供了關于這種樹的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。研究人員在《科學進展》上報告說，長期的潮汐周期在很大程度上是由月球驅動的紅樹林的擴張和收縮引起的。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)是預測何時紅樹林最有可能快速生長的關鍵。)”可知，本文主要介紹了一項關于澳大利亞紅樹林的新研究，揭示了長期潮汐周期對紅樹林擴張和收縮的影響，以及月亮對紅樹林生長的驅動作用，D項“NewFindingsaboutMoonDriveandMangroves.(關于月球驅動器和紅樹林的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。)”可以作為本文的最佳標題，故選D項。詞匯積累eye-catching引人注目的set…inmotion使…啟動expansion擴大contraction收縮absorb吸收tendtodo傾向于做某事precisely精確地orbit軌道nutrient營養(yǎng)成分restore修復reactive反應的，回應的function功能transform轉變threat威脅generate產生3.Areyouaddictedtosocialmedia?Youmaythinkyoucanquititanytimeyouwant,butyourbodyandbrainmaynotagree.Stayingdeeplyconnectedtoyoursocialnetworkscanbecostly.Researcherstookalookathownon-stopsocialnetworkingcanactuallychangeyourbrain.Socialmediasitesareusedbyonethirdoftheglobalpopulation,and5—10%areunabletocontroltheironlineusageduetoapsychologicaladdiction.Researcherscallthisaddictionasubstanceaddiction,namely,asimilareffectofdrugoralcoholonaddicts.Thereisadeclineinthewhitematter(腦白質)thatcontrolsemotionalprocessinganddecisionmaking,largelybecausesocialmediaprovidesanimmediatereward.Whenyoupostsomethingonlineandsomeone“l(fā)ikes”it,yougettheimmediatereward—people’spraise,andthenyourbrainbeginstolongfortheserewards.It’sjustlikehowadrugworks.Researchersalsolookedathowmultitaskingaffectsthebrain.Whenyouaredealingwithavarietyoftasks,devices,andwebsites,youhavetoconstantlyswitchyourthinkingmodes,whichusuallyleadstotheunbalanceddistributionofattention.Also,multitaskingcoulddamageyourabilitytocommittomemory.Considerwhathappenswhenyourphonevibrates(振動).Youfeelthevibrationandninetimesoutoften,youpullyourphonesouttocheck,whichwilldistractyoufromwhatyouaredoing.Ofcoursethereisnothingwrongwithusingsocialmediatostayintouchwithfamily,friends,andcolleagues,butaswitheverythingelseinlife,moderation(適度)isthekey.Moderationcannotonlyhelpusontask,butalsohelpcontrolthesideeffectsfromoverstimulatingourbrainswithsocialmedia,mobiledevices,andscreentime.9．What’sthepurposeofParagraph1?A．Toraiseaquestion. B．Togiveanexample.C．Tobringupthetopic. D．Tomakeananalysis.10．What’sthereasonbehindpeople’snon-stopsocialnetworking?A．Theirfragilebrainstructure. B．TheconvenientInternetaccess.C．Thepressurefromfastcitylife. D．Theirmentaldependenceonit.11．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingoutcomescanmultitaskingbringabout?A．Animprovementintimemanagement. B．Adeclineincreativity.C．Adecreaseinworkingefficiency. D．Anincreaseinsensibility.12．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardssocialmedia?A．Objective. B．Doubtful. C．Supportive. D．Critical.詞匯積累beaddictedto_______________quit________________costly________________addiction_______________addict_____________namely_______________decline________________reward_____________longfor________________distribution________________constantly________________device_______________sideeffects_________________commit________________stimulate________________fragile_______________workingefficiency____________sensibility______________objective_______________critical________________supportive______________【答案】9．C10．D11．C12．A【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了社交媒體的過度使用會對大腦產生負面影響，適度使用社交媒體和注意腦部刺激的平衡是重要的。9．推理判斷題。根據文章第一段“Areyouaddictedtosocialmedia?Youmaythinkyoucanquititanytimeyouwant,butyourbodyandbrainmaynotagree.Stayingdeeplyconnectedtoyoursocialnetworkscanbecostly.(你沉迷于社交媒體嗎？你可能認為你可以隨時戒掉它，但你的身體和大腦可能不同意。與您的社交網絡保持深度聯(lián)系可能代價高昂。)”及第二段中“Researcherstookalookathownon-stopsocialnetworkingcanactuallychangeyourbrain.(研究人員研究了不間斷的社交網絡如何真正改變你的大腦。)”可知，文章第一段是想引出話題，故選C項。10．細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第三段“Thereisadeclineinthewhitematter(腦白質)thatcontrolsemotionalprocessinganddecisionmaking,largelybecausesocialmediaprovidesanimmediatereward.Whenyoupostsomethingonlineandsomeone“l(fā)ikes”it,yougettheimmediatereward—people’spraise,andthenyourbrainbeginstolongfortheserewards.It’sjustlikehowadrugworks.(控制情緒處理和決策的白質有所下降，這主要是因為社交媒體提供了即時的回報。當你在網上發(fā)布一些東西，有人“喜歡”它時，你會得到直接的獎勵——人們的贊美，然后你的大腦開始渴望這些獎勵。這就像藥物的作用方式一樣。)”可知，人們不停地社交網絡背后的原因是他們對它的精神依賴，故選D項。11．推理判斷題。根據文章第四段中“Whenyouaredealingwithavarietyoftasks,devices,andwebsites,youhavetoconstantlyswitchyourthinkingmodes,whichusuallyleadstotheunbalanceddistributionofattention.Also,multitaskingcoulddamageyourabilitytocommittomemory.Youfeelthevibrationandninetimesoutoften,youpullyourphonesouttocheck,whichwilldistractyoufromwhatyouaredoing.(當你在處理各種各樣的任務、設備和網站時，你必須不斷地轉換你的思維模式，這通常會導致注意力的不平衡分配。此外，多任務處理可能會損害你的記憶力。考慮一下手機振動時會發(fā)生什么。你感覺到振動，十有八九，你拿出手機檢查，這會分散你的注意力。)”可知，多任務處理會讓工作效率下降，故選C項。12．推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“Ofcoursethereisnothingwrongwithusingsocialmediatostayintouchwithfamily,friends,andcolleagues,butaswitheverythingelseinlife,moderation(適度)isthekey.Moderationcannotonlyhelpusontask,butalsohelpcontrolthesideeffectsfromoverstimulatingourbrainswithsocialmedia,mobiledevices,andscreentime.(當然，使用社交媒體與家人、朋友和同事保持聯(lián)系并沒有錯，但與生活中的其他事情一樣，適度是關鍵。適度不僅可以幫助我們完成任務，還可以幫助控制社交媒體、移動設備和屏幕時間過度刺激我們的大腦的副作用。)”可知，作者對社交的態(tài)度是很客觀的，故選A項。詞匯積累beaddictedto對……上癮quit放棄；退出costly付出代價的；昂貴的addiction上癮addict上癮的人namely也就是說decline減少；下降reward獎勵longfor渴望distribution分布constantly不斷地device裝置sideeffects副作用commit投入；承諾；奉獻stimulate促進fragile脆弱的workingefficiency工作效率sensibility敏感性objective客觀的critical批判的supportive支持的4.In1983,SkiRixenUSAbecamethefirstwaterskicableparkintheUnitedStates.LocatedinDeerfieldBeach,Florida,theparkoffersridersachancetoexperienceallkindsofwatersports.Inthepast40years,SixRixenUSAhaswelcomedmorethan1.5millionvisitors.TheparkwasthebrainchildofengineerBrunoRixen.Bornin1931inGermany,Rixengrewfrustratedwiththesportofwaterskiing,whichrequiredpullingbyamotorboat.“Heusedtowaitforfourhoursinlinetodothreelapsaroundthelake,”explainedAllanWlodarczyk,themanagerofSkiRixenUSA．HeaddedthatridingfiveminutesandwaitinganotherfourhourssparkedRixen’sideaofcableparks.Ratherthanrelyingonaboat,Rixenconsideredhisowncableway.Healsodesignedskisandsetupapowersource.“Thefirstcablewasactuallyanoldfarmtractor,”Wlodarczyksaid.“Rixentookthewheelsoff,attachedsomeropestothewheeldisks,andstartedpullingpeoplebackandfortharoundthelake.”O(jiān)vertheyears,Rixenimprovedhisdesignandearnedseveralpatents.Heopenedtheworld’sfirstcommercialcablewaterparkin1966inBenidorm,Spain.Thesportgrewfromentertainmenttointernationalcontests.Rixendiedin2020,buthisideahastakenholdaroundtheworld.Today,therearemorethan500cablewaterparksondifferentcontinents.Typically,thecabletowsridersataspeedofabout20milesperhour.Butforbeginners,whocantakelessons,thespeedisabout15milesperhour.SkiRixenUSAalsooffersridingopportunitiesandeventstopeoplewithspecialneedstoskieffortlessly.“Wehaveaspeciallydesignedski,calledasitski,”Wlodarczyksaid.“It’salargerboardwithalotofsurfacearea.Theridersarecompletelyseatedinthewateranddon’tactuallyhavetoholdontotherope.”13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“brainchild”inparagraph2mean?A．Idea. B．Area. C．Birthplace D．Destination14．WhatdidWlodarczykmainlyintendtotellusinparagraph3?A．HowRixenprotectedthelake.B．HowRixensetupapowersource.C．HowmuchRixenlikedwaterskiing.D．HowRixencreatedhiscablewaterpark.15．InwhatwayisRixenthepioneerofthecablewaterpark?A．Hebroughtfuntovisitors.B．Heinventedacabletractor.C．Heturneditintoabusiness.D．Hemadecablestravelfastest.16．Whatdoweknowaboutthesitski?A．Itiseasytoride. B．Itrunsextremelyquickly.C．Itoffersanarrowboard. D．Itisdangerousfortheriders.詞匯積累frustrated_________________sparktheidea________________attach______________backandforth_______________commercial_______________cable_______________typically_____________effortlessly_______________【答案】13．A14．D15．C16．A【導語】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了水上滑索公園的歷史、發(fā)展、設計以及如何為游客提供體驗各種水上運動的機會。13．詞句猜測題。根據第三段“HeaddedthatridingfiveminutesandwaitinganotherfourhourssparkedRixen’sideaofcableparks.(他補充說，滑行五分鐘然后等待四個小時激發(fā)了里克森對纜車公園的想法)”可知，這個公園是BrunoRixen的創(chuàng)意，推知brainchild意為“創(chuàng)意”，和A項意思相近。故選A項。14．主旨大意題。根據第三段““Heusedtowaitforfourhoursinlinetodothreelapsaroundthelake,”explainedAllanWlodarczyk,themanagerofSkiRixenUSA.HeaddedthatridingfiveminutesandwaitinganotherfourhourssparkedRixen’sideaofcableparks.Ratherthanrelyingonaboat,Rixenconsideredhisowncableway.Healsodesignedskisandsetupapowersource.(“他以前要排隊等待四個小時才能繞湖滑三圈，”SkiRixenUSA的經理艾倫·沃拉奇克解釋說。他補充說，滑行五分鐘然后等待四個小時激發(fā)了里克森對纜車公園的想法。Rixen不再依賴船只，而是考慮了自己的纜車方式。他還設計了滑雪板并設置了電源)”可知，本段主要講述了Rixen是怎么建水上樂園的。故選D項。15．推理判斷題。根據第四段““Thefirstcablewasactuallyanoldfarmtractor,”Wlodarczyksaid.“Rixentookthewheelsoff,attachedsomeropestothewheeldisks,andstartedpullingpeoplebackandfortharoundthelake.”O(jiān)vertheyears,Rixenimprovedhisdesignandearnedseveralpatents.Heopenedtheworld’sfirstcommercialcablewaterparkin1966inBenidorm,Spain.(“第一條纜繩實際上是一輛舊拖拉機，”沃拉奇克說?！癛ixen卸下了車輪，在車輪盤上系了一些繩子，開始在湖上拉人來回?！倍嗄陙?，Rixen改進了他的設計并獲得了多項專利。他在1966年在西班牙的貝尼多姆開設了世界上第一家商業(yè)纜車水上公園)”可知，他開設了世界上第一家商業(yè)纜車水上公園，把它變成了一門生意，是纜繩水上樂園的先驅。故選C項。16．推理判斷題。根據最后一段“SkiRixenUSAalsooffersridingopportunitiesandeventstopeoplewithspecialneedstoskieffortlessly.“Wehaveaspeciallydesignedski,calledasitski,”Wlodarczyksaid.“It’salargerboardwithalotofsurfacearea.Theridersarecompletelyseatedinthewateranddon’tactuallyhavetoholdontotherope.”(SkiRixenUSA還為有特殊需求的人提供滑雪機會和活動，使他們能夠輕松地滑雪?！拔覀冇幸环N特別設計的滑雪板，叫做坐式滑雪板，”沃拉奇克說?！八且粋€面積較大的板子。騎手完全坐在水中，實際上不必抓住繩子?！笨芍?，騎手完全坐在水中，實際上不必抓住繩子，推知它很容易騎。故選A項。詞匯積累frustrated沮喪的，受挫的sparktheidea引發(fā)想法Attach附加，依附backandforth來來回回commercial商業(yè)的cable電纜typically通常effortlessly不費力地5.Plantbiologistshavefoundawaythatmayenablepoorfarmerstodoawaywiththeneedtopurchaseexpensivehybridseedseveryyear.ResearchersattheUniversityofCaliforniareportthattheyhavesolvedalong-standingproblemofhybridseedsbymakingexactclonesofthehybridplantsfromseeds.Forlong,manycropshavebeengrownfromhigh-yielding,anti-diseaseorclimate-toleranthybridseeds.Buttheseedsofhybridcropsdonotproduceplantswiththesamequalitiesduringreproductionandhencefarmerscannotsavetheseedsforthenextgrowingseason.Theyenduppayingfornewhybridseedseachsowingseason.Thediscovery,longsoughtbyplantresearchers,couldmakeiteasiertogrowdesirablehigh-yieldingcropsandmakethemavailabletotheworld’sfarmers.Farmerscouldthusreplantseedsfromtheirownhybridplantsandenjoythebenefitsofhighproductionyearafteryear,thescientistsreport.Whilethediscoverywouldhelpfarmers,itwouldalsoimpactthecommercialinterestofthehybridseedindustry.Siddiq,aformerDeputyDirectorGeneralintheCropScienceDivisionoftheICAR,saidatfirstsight,thismightseemlikeasetbackforhybridseedcompaniesbuttherewouldbeplentyofthingstheycanstilldo.“Riceisgrownoversuchavastclimaticandgeographicalrangethatspecializedhybridswouldhavetobedevelopedforeachregion,”hesaid.Thecompanies,hesaid,wouldcontinuetoimprovetheirhybrids.“Itwillbeinterestingtoseehowallthisplaysoutintheyearstocome.”Currently,thehighcostsofproducinghybridseedsareamajorbarriertofarmersindevelopingcountries,especiallySouthAsiaandAfrica.Siddiqsaidifefficientlyused,thismethodcouldpotentiallybeagame-changerforpoorfarmers,whowouldneedtopurchasehybridseedsjustonceandplanttheprogeny(后代)seedsfromtheirownharvestinthefollowingseasons.17．Whatproblemdotheresearchersaimtosolve?A．Farmers’income. B．Farmers’costs.C．Hybridseeds’cloning. D．Hybridseeds’climatetolerance.18．Whatisthedisadvantageofthepresenthybridseeds?A．Theyhaveaprettylonggrowthcycle.B．Theytendtobeaffectedbyvariousdiseases.C．Theyhavestricterrequirementsforsowingtime.D．Theyfailtoreproduceplantswiththesamequality.19．What’sSiddiq’s