2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit5WhatanadventureUsinglanguage課后作業(yè)含解析外研版必修第三冊(cè)

Unit5WhatanadventureⅠ.閱讀理解Solarenergysystems&powerplantsdonotproduceairpollution,waterpollution,orgreenhousegases.Usingsolarenergycanhaveapositive,indirecteffectontheenvironment,whensolarenergyreplacesorreducestheuseofotherenergysourcesthathavelargereffectsontheenvironment.However,somepoisonousmaterialsandchemicalsareusedtomakethephotovoltaic(光電池的)cellsthatconvertsunlightintoelectricity.Somesolarthermal(保熱的)systemsusepotentiallyhazardousliquidstotransferheat.Leaksofthesematerialscouldbeharmfultotheenvironment.USenvironmentallawsregulatetheuseandsettlementofthesetypesofmaterials.Aswithanytypeofpowerplant,largesolarpowerplantscanaffecttheenvironmentneartheirlocations.Theplacementofthepowerplantmayhavelong-termeffectsonthehabitatsofnativeplantsandanimals.Somesolarpowerplantsmayrequirewaterforcleaningsolarcollectorsandconcentratorsorforcoolingturbinegenerators.Usinglargevolumesofgroundwaterorsurfacewaterinsomedrylocationsmayaffecttheecosystemsthatdependonthesewaterresources.Inaddition,thebeamofconcentratedsunlightasolarpowertowercreatescankillbirdsandinsectsthatflyintothebeam.Theamountofsolarenergythattheearthreceiveseachdayismanytimesgreaterthanthetotalamountofallenergythatpeopleconsumeeachday.However,onthesurfaceoftheearth,solarenergyisavariableandirregularenergysource.Theamountofsunlightandtheintensityofsunlightvariesbytimeofdayandlocation.Weatherandclimateconditionsaffecttheavailabilityofsunlightdailyandonaseasonalbasis.Thetypeandsizeofasolarenergycollectionandconversionsystemdetermineshowmuchoftheavailablesolarenergywecanconvertintousefulenergy.本文是一篇說明文，介紹了太陽能發(fā)電的潛在弊端以及影響太陽能收集量的幾個(gè)因素。1．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“hazardous”underlinedinparagraph2?A．Inexpensive. B．Dangerous.C．Ineffective. D．Abnormal.解析：詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫線詞前的“However,somepoisonousmaterialsandchemicalsareusedtomakethephotovoltaic(光電池的)cellsthatconvertsunlightintoelectricity.”可知，然而，一些有毒的材料和化學(xué)物質(zhì)被用來制造將陽光轉(zhuǎn)化為電能的光伏電池，因此畫線詞所在句指的是一些太陽能保溫系統(tǒng)運(yùn)用潛在危急的液體來傳遞熱量，由此可知畫線詞詞義為“危急的”，故B項(xiàng)正確。答案：B2．Whatinfluencecanlargesolarpowerplantshaveonthelocations?A．Pollutingthegroundwater.B．Protectingthehabitatsofplantsandanimals.C．Damagingthelocalnaturalbalance.D．Attractingbirdsandinsectstothearea.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Theplacementofthepowerplantmayhavelong-termeffectsonthehabitatsofnativeplantsandanimals.”可知，大型太陽能發(fā)電廠的選址可能會(huì)對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)貏?dòng)植物的棲息地產(chǎn)生長期的影響，也就是會(huì)破壞當(dāng)?shù)刈匀黄胶?，故C項(xiàng)正確。答案：C3．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A．Differentareasreceivedifferentamountofsolarenergy.B．Howtoconvertsolarenergyintousefulenergy.C．Therelationshipbetweensolarenergycollectionandthesunlight.D．Somefactorsthatinfluencetheamountofsolarenergycollection.解析：主旨大意題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“However,onthesurfaceoftheearth,solarenergyisavariableandirregularenergysource.Theamountofsunlightandtheintensityofsunlightvariesbytimeofdayandlocation.Weatherandclimateconditionsaffecttheavailabilityofsunlightdailyandonaseasonalbasis.”可知，在地球表面，太陽能是一種可變的和不規(guī)則的能源，陽光的量和強(qiáng)度隨著一天的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)而改變，天氣和氣候條件影響每日和季節(jié)性的陽光供應(yīng)，由此可知，本段主要介紹的是影響太陽能收集量的幾個(gè)因素，故D項(xiàng)正確。答案：DⅡ.七選五ForthefirsttimeinahundredyearsJapan'spopulationisdeclining.Inthepast5yearsitwentdownby1millionpeople.Currently,thereare127millionpeoplelivinginJapan.__1__Japanhashadoneofthelowestbirthratesintheworldformanyyears.AlthoughthegovernmenthastriedtopersuadeJapanesewomentohavemorechildren,thishashadlittleeffect.Onaverage,everyJapanesewomanhas1.4babies.__2__Populationexpertshavestatedthatthecountryneedsabirthrateofatleast1.8tostoppopulationdecline.__3__Becauseofthestrictlaw,practicallyfewcancometothecountrytolivethere.ThegovernmenthasbeenthinkingaboutadjustingJapaneseimmigrationrules,butthisisnotpopularamongthepeople.__4__Japan'sgrowingpopulationhasbeenadrivingforcebehinditseconomy.Inthefuture,therewillbefewerpeopleintheworkforceandtheywillhavetosupportmillionsofoldercitizensandpayfortheirpensions.Thecostsofhealthcarewillalsoincreaseasthepopulationgetsolder.Populationdecreaseisnotevenlydistributedacrossthecountry.WhilelargecitieslikeTokyoareexperiencingstronggrowth,peopleareleavingtherural,remoteareasofthecountry.__5__A．AnotherreasonforJapan'spopulationdecreaseisimmigration.B．Especiallyyoungerworkersaremovingaway,leavingtheolderpopulationbehind.C．PopulationdecreaseinJapanwillhaveagreatinfluenceonitsfuturedevelopment.D．Inaddition,womenaremarryingatalaterageanddonotwanttogiveuptheirjobs.E．ExpensivelivingcostsformanyJapanesearealsoleadingtoadecreasingpopulation.F．AccordingtoUNreports,Japanwillloseathirdofitspopulationbytheendofthecentury.G．Japan'slowbirthratemeansthatthecountrywillfacefinancialproblemsinthenextdecades.本文是一篇說明文，文章介紹了日本人口衰減趨勢(shì)、緣由、所帶來的經(jīng)濟(jì)問題以及人口衰減的區(qū)域分布狀況。1．F解析：選項(xiàng)前兩句分別說明白日本過去五年人口衰減的狀況和現(xiàn)在的人口數(shù)