2024-2025學年高中英語Unit4EarthquakesSectionⅡLearningaboutLanguage教師用書教案新人教版必修1

PAGE11-Unit4EarthquakesSectionⅡLearningaboutLanguageⅠ.基礎詞匯1．earthquaken.地震2．burstvi.爆裂；爆發(fā)n.突然裂開；爆發(fā)3．millionn.百萬4．eventn.事務；大事5．ruinn.廢墟；毀滅vt.毀滅；使破產(chǎn)6．destroyvt.破壞；毀壞；殲滅7．rescuen．&vt.援救；營救8．trapvt.使陷入逆境n.陷阱；逆境9．disastern.災難；災禍10．buryvt.安葬；掩埋；隱藏11．sheltern.掩蔽；掩蔽處；避身處Ⅱ.拓展詞匯1．nationn．民族；國家；國民→nationaladj.國家的；全國性的2．sufferingn．苦難；苦痛→sufferv．遭遇3．extremeadj.極度的→extremelyadv.極端地；很；特別地4．injurevt.損害；損害→injuryn．損害；羞辱5．uselessadj.無用的；無效的；無益的→usefuladj.有用的→usen．用途6．shockv．(使)震驚；振動→shockedadj.震驚的；震撼的→shockingadj.令人震驚的eq\a\vs4\al([尋規(guī)律、巧記憶])n.＋-less→adj.n.＋“-al”→adj.hopeless沒有希望的homeless無家可歸的helpless無助的agricultural農(nóng)業(yè)的musical音樂的educational教化的Ⅲ.補全短語依據(jù)提示補全下列短語1．rightaway 立即；立刻2．inruins 嚴峻受損；破敗不堪3．a(chǎn)tanend 終結(jié)；結(jié)束4．cutacross 橫穿，橫跨5．a(chǎn)sif 仿佛；似乎6．soonafter 在……之后不久7．digout 掘出；發(fā)覺8．a(chǎn)greatnumberof 很多；大量的eq\a\vs4\al([尋規(guī)律、巧記憶])prep.＋冠詞＋名詞→介詞in＋n.→介詞短語ataloss困惑bytheway順便說下ontheair正在傳播inpeace和平insilence默不出聲inturn依次Ⅳ.經(jīng)典句式必背1．Inthefarmyards，thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.農(nóng)家大院里的雞，甚至豬都驚慌得不吃食。[記句式結(jié)構]too...to...結(jié)構[仿寫促落實]Thehatistoolargetowear.這頂帽子太大，沒法戴。2．Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend！仿佛到了世界末日！[記句式結(jié)構]asif引導狀語從句[仿寫促落實]Shelooksasifsheweretenyearsyounger.她看起來似乎年輕了10歲。3．Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildrenwereleftwithoutparents.成千上萬的家庭被毀滅，許很多多的孩子變成了孤兒。[記句式結(jié)構]leavesb.＋賓補...使某人處于……。[仿寫促落實]Whatyousaidleftuslostinthought．你說的話使我們陷入深思。4．①One-thirdofthenationfeltit.全國三分之一的地方都有震感。②Allofthecity'shospitals，75%ofitsfactoriesandbuildingsand90%ofitshomesweregone.市內(nèi)全部的醫(yī)院、75%的工廠和建筑物、90%的家園都消逝了。[記句式結(jié)構]“分數(shù)/百分數(shù)＋of＋名詞”作主語[仿寫促落實]Aboutone-thirdofthebooksareworthreading.大約有1/3的書值得一讀。5．Allhopewasnotlost.并不是全部的希望都破滅了。[記句式結(jié)構]all...not＝notall...為部分否定。[仿寫促落實]Notallpeoplecanunderstandwhatyousay.＝Allpeoplecannotunderstandwhatyousay.并不是全部人都能理解你說的話。burstvi.爆裂；爆發(fā)n.突然裂開；爆發(fā)(教材P26)Inthecity，thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.在市內(nèi)，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂開來。(1)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(burstoutcrying/laughing,burstintotears/laughter)) 突然哭起來/笑起來burstwithanger/joy 勃然大怒/樂不行支(2)burstin/into 闖進；突然破門而入①TherewasaburstoflaughterintheroomwhenIpassedby.我經(jīng)過時，房間里傳來一陣笑聲。②Onhearingthenews，Maryburstintolaughter(laugh)whileLucyburstoutcrying.一聽到這則消息，瑪麗突然大笑起來，而露西則突然大哭起來。③Ifeltasifmyheartwouldburstwithjoy.我覺得自己興奮得心花怒放。④Thepoliceburstin/intoandarrestedthegang.警察突然闖了進來逮捕了那幫人。[圖形助記]爆裂突然(大笑……)eq\a\al(沖，闖進，,突然出現(xiàn))[語境助記]Withaburstoflaughter，WangXifengburstintotheroom，whoseflatteringwordsmadeMrs.Jiaburstwithjoy.隨著一陣笑聲，王熙鳳一陣風似地走進了房間。她的一席諂媚的話說得賈母樂不行支。atanend結(jié)束，終結(jié)(教材P26)Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!仿佛到了世界末日！(1)attheendof 在……末端bytheendof 到……為止(用于完成時)intheend 最終；最終(2)cometoanend 結(jié)束①ThemeetingwasnearlyatanendwhenIgottothemeetingroom.當我到達會議室時，會議快要結(jié)束了。②Wehadlearned(learn)2，000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.到上個學期為止，我們已經(jīng)學了2000個英文單詞。③Hebecameanoutstandingdoctorintheend.他最終成為一名精彩的醫(yī)生。ruinn．廢墟；毀滅vt.毀滅；使破產(chǎn)(教材P26)Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.在可怕的15秒鐘內(nèi)，一座大城市就淪陷在一片廢墟中。(1)be/lieinruins 成為廢墟；毀滅fallintoruin 成為廢墟；毀了(2)ruinone'shope/chance 使某人的希望破滅/機會失去ruinoneself 自我毀滅①Eversincetheearthquake，thistemplehasbeeninruins.自從地震以來，這座寺廟始終是廢墟一片。②Alargenumberofbuildingsfellintoruinaftertheearthquake.地震后，很多建筑都毀了。③Heavysmokingruinsyourhealth,soyoushouldgiveupsmoking.吸煙過量損害你的健康，因此你應當戒煙。injurevt.損害；損害(教材P26)Two-thirdsofthemdiedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.三分之二的人在地震中死去或受傷。(1)injuredadj. 受傷的；受委屈的theinjured 傷員(作主語時，謂語用復數(shù))(2)injuryn. 傷；傷口；損害doaninjurytosb. 損害某人①Believeitornot，whatyousaidjustnowinjuredhispride.信不信由你，你剛才說的話傷了他的自尊。②Heinjuredhisleftlegwhenplayingfootball.他踢足球時左腿受了傷。③Hewasinjured(injure)whenhewascyclingalongthevalley.沿著山谷騎自行車時，他受傷了。④Theinjured(injure)weresenttohospitalshortlyaftertheaccident.事故后不久傷員被送往醫(yī)院。[明辨異同]wound/injure/hurt/harm指外傷，如槍傷、刀傷、劍傷，尤指在戰(zhàn)斗中受傷?！皳p害；受傷”，指由于意外或事故而受傷，著重指容貌、機能的損壞。指肉體上，也可指精神上的損害。也可為“難受；苦痛；難過”。指身體或精神上的損害或?qū)λ闹苁挛锏奈：?。常用短語doharmto意為“對……有害”。(wound/injure/hurt/harm)⑤hesoldierwaswoundedinthearminthewar.⑥Shewasslightlyinjuredinanaccidentduringthework.⑦Iwasverymuchhurtathiswords.⑧Thisbrightlightwilldogreatharmtoyoureyes.[語境助記]Inthecrashhewasseriouslyinjured，andhesufferedsevereinjuriestotheheadandarms.在碰撞中他受傷很嚴峻，頭上和胳膊上都有很重的傷。shockvt.&vi.(使)震驚；振動n．休克；打擊；震驚(教材P26)Peoplewereshocked.人們震驚了。(1)beashockto... 使……驚訝(2)shockedadj. 震驚的；驚異的beshockedat/by 對……驚訝beshockedtodosth. 做某事很驚訝(3)shockingadj. 令人震驚的①Hissituationwasagreatshocktousall.他的境況使我們大家都大為震驚。②Weareshocked(shock)thatsomanypeoplewereinjuredordiedintheearthquake.我們感到震驚的是，如此多的人在地震中傷亡。③Iwasshockedtohear(hear)thatourfactorywouldhavetoclose.聽說我們工廠將被迫關閉，我特別震驚。④Thenewsofhissuddendeathissoshockingthateveryoneisveryshockedatit.(shock)他突然死亡的消息如此令人震驚，以至于每個人聽到時都感到很震驚。(教材P26)Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.一些救援人員和醫(yī)生被困在了廢墟下面。(1)rescuen．&vt.援救；營救rescuesb./sth.from... 把……從……營救出來come/gotoone'srescue 來/去營救某人come/gototherescue 來/去援救arescueteam 救援隊①Thepolicecametohisrescueandsenthimhome.警察救了他，并把他送回了家。②Tomrescuedaboyfromtheriveronhiswayhome.湯姆在回家的路上從河里救了一個男孩。③Whenweweretrappedintheruins，thesoldierscametoourrescue.當我們被困在廢墟中時，士兵們趕來救援。[語境助記]Assoonastheaccidenthappened，therescueteamcametothevictims'rescue，andtheydidn'tgiveupanyhopeofrescuingthemfromdanger.事故一發(fā)生，救援隊就來營救受害者了，并且他們沒有放棄任何使受害者脫離危急的希望。(2)trapvt.使陷入逆境n.陷阱；逆境1)betrapped 使陷入逆境trapo(doing)sth. 誘騙某人做某事2)setatrap 設置陷阱；布下圈套fall/walkintoatrap 落入圈套④Shehadsetatrapforhimandhewalkedstraightintoit.她給他設下圈套，他就徑直鉆了進去。⑤Thecarwastrapped(trap)inthedeepsnow.汽車陷入了厚厚的積雪中。⑥Theytrappedherintomarryinghim.他們誘騙她嫁給他。buryvt.埋藏；掩埋；隱藏(教材P26)Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.解放軍組成小分隊，將受困的人們挖出來，將死者掩埋。(1)bury...in... 把……埋到……里； 使……沉醉于……buryone'sfaceinhands 雙手掩面(2)beburiedin 埋頭于；用心于；沉醉于buryoneselfin 埋頭于；用心于；沉醉于①Heburiedhisfaceinhishands.他雙手掩面。②Buried(bury)inhisstudy，hedidn'tknowthatalltheothershadleft.＝Burying(bury)himselfinhisstudy，hedidn'tknowthatalltheothershadleft.＝Becausehewasburied(bury)inhisstudy，hedidn'tknowthatalltheothershadleft.他埋頭學習，不知道其他人都早已離開了。[圖形助記]一詞多義的“bury”eq\a\al(bury,掩埋)eq\a\al(buryoneselfinstudy,用心學習)(教材P26)Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend！仿佛到了世界末日！【要點提煉】asif＝asthough“仿佛；似乎”，在句中引導表語從句，常跟在特定動詞后面，如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel等。(1)當說話者認為句子所述的是真實的、極有可能發(fā)生或存在的事實時，asif從句要用陳述語氣。(2)當說話人認為句子所述的是不真實的、極少有可能發(fā)生或存在的狀況時，從句要用虛擬語氣。①假如從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，謂語動詞用一般過去時。②從句表示與過去事實相反，謂語動詞用“had＋過去分詞”。③從句表示與將來事實相反，謂語動詞用“would/could/might＋動詞原形”。①Lookatthecloudsinthesky！Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.Let'shurryup.看看天上的云彩！看起來要下雨。咱們快一點。②Heopenedhismouthasifhewouldsaysomething.他張開嘴似乎要說什么。(與將來事實相反)③Itseemsasifshewere(be)anangel.她看上去像一位天使。(與現(xiàn)在事實相反)④HetalksaboutRomeasifhehadbeen(be)therebefore.他說起羅馬來似乎他以前去過那里似的。(與過去事實相反)(教材P26)Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildrenwereleftwithoutparents.成千上萬的家庭被毀滅，許很多多的孩子變成了孤兒?！疽c提煉】句中的“...wereleftwithoutparents”是一個被動結(jié)構，withoutparents是介詞短語，作主語補足語，表示主語的狀態(tài)。其主動形式應為leftmanychildrenwithoutparents。leave作使役動詞，意為“使……處于某狀態(tài)”，構成的句式為：leave＋賓語＋賓補eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(現(xiàn)在分詞：表示主動、進行,過去分詞：表示被動、完成,不定式：表示將來的動作,\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(介詞短語,形容詞,副詞))表示狀態(tài)))①Sheranawayandleftherboyfriendintherainalone.她跑開了，留下她的男友一個人在雨中。②Youshouldn'thaveleftwaterrunning(run)．你不該讓水始終流著。③Didyouleavethedoorsandwindowsproperlyfastened(fasten)?你把門窗關好了嗎？(教材P26)Allhopewasnotlost．不是全部的希望都破滅了?！疽c提煉】該句是表示部分否定的句型。all...not...＝notall...意為“并非全部的……都……”。(1)當not與all，both，everyone，everything，everywhere等詞連用時為部分否定，意為“并不都……”。(2)當not與any，anyone，anywhere，anything連用或出現(xiàn)no，nothing，nobody，nowhere，none時是完全否定。①NothinginmylifeimpressedmesodeeplyasmyfirstvisittothePalaceMuseum.我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次參觀故宮博物館。②Everyboyisnotinterestedinsports.＝Noteveryboyisinterestedinsports.并非全部的男孩都喜愛運動。③Noneoftheanswersisright.答案都不對。1．(教材P26)Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildrenwereleftwithoutparents.【分析】本句是and連接的并列句，manychildrenwereleftwithoutparents是leftmanychildrenwithoutparents的被動形式。withoutparents是介賓短語，在其次個分句中作主語補足語，表示主語所處的狀態(tài)?！痉g】成千上萬的家庭被毀滅，許很多多的孩子變成了孤兒。2．(教材P26)Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity，whothoughtlittleoftheseevents，wereasleepasusualthatnight.【分析】本句是一個主從復合句。who引導的是非限制性定語從句，people是先行詞，在從句中作主語。【翻譯】但這座城市的一百萬居民幾乎都沒有把這些狀況當回事兒，那天晚上照常睡覺了。3．(教材P26)Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometreslongandthirtymetreswidecutacrosshouses，roadsandcanals.【分析】本句是一個復合句。that引導的是定語從句，crack是先行詞，在從句中作主語?！痉g】一條8公里長30米寬的巨大裂縫橫穿房舍、公路和渠道。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Hearingthewords，shegotangryandburstoutcrying(cry)．2．Peoplepresentatthemeetingfeltshocked(shock)atthenews.3．Anumberofpeopleweretrappedintheruinswhentheearthquakehappened.4．HespokeEnglishperfectlyasifhehadlived(live)inEnglandformanyyears.5．Theywereextremely(extreme)sadatthethoughtoftheirmissingdog.6．It'swrongofyoutoleavethemachinerunning(run)．7．Two-fifthsofthelandinthatdistrictis(be)coveredwithtreesandgrass.8．Yearsoffightinghaveleftthecityinruins(ruin);itwouldtakealotofmoneytorebuil