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Unit5MeetingyourancestorsSectionⅡ請(qǐng)同學(xué)們仔細(xì)完成練案[14]Ⅰ.單詞拼法1.Therewasasystematic(有系統(tǒng)的)approachtosolvingtheproblem.2.Themeetingisofsuchgreatsignificance(意義)thatIhavetoattendit.3.Wemuststophimseeinghersomehow(以某種方式).4.It'sveryrudetospitatsomeone.5.Hewantedtodeletemynamefromthelist.6.Thephotosbelonginanalbum.7.Shesendsherlittledaughtertothekindergarteneveryday.8.Iwantaskateboard(滑板).9.WhenIwasachild,Ididn'tlikeonion(洋蔥),butIdon'tminditnow.10.Thehotelreceptionistwantstoknowwhenwewillbecheckingouttomorrowmorning.Ⅱ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Theybegancontributingarticlestoourmagazineseveralyearsago,andtheykeepdoingsountilnow.→Alltheseyearstheyhavebeencontributingarticlestoourmagazine.2.IstartedtodrinkcoffeewhenIgottotheofficethisafternoon.Iamstilldrinkingcoffeenow.→IhavebeendrinkingcoffeealltheafternoonsinceIgottotheoffice.3.Ithasbeensixhourssincethebabyfellasleep.→Thebabyhasbeensleepingforsixhours.4.Mybrotherjoinedthepianoclubthreemonthsago.→Ithasbeenthreemonthssincemybrotherjoinedthepianoclub.5.LiLeimovedtoHangzhoutenyearsagoandheisstilllivingtherenow.→LiLeihasbeenlivinginHangzhoufortenyears.6.ThescientistcametostudytheChineseancientculturelastyearandheisstillworkinginChina.→ThescientisthasbeenstudyingtheChineseancientculturesincelastyear.7.Tom'sfatherdiedthreeyearsago.→Tom'sfatherhasbeendeadforthreeyears.Ⅲ.完成句子1.這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的失敗在很大程度上是由于他的馬虎。Thefailureoftheprojectwaslargelyduetohiscarelessness.2.不知怎么地,我感覺(jué)事故的目擊者在說(shuō)謊。Somehow,Ifeltthewitnesstotheaccidentwastellingalie.3.貝拉受夠了無(wú)趣的工作,確定再找一份新的。Bellawasfedupwiththeboringjobanddecidedtofindanewone.4.格雷絲代表公司在會(huì)議上介紹了新產(chǎn)品。Onbehalfofhercompany,Graceintroducedanewproductatthemeeting.5.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的運(yùn)用在社會(huì)發(fā)展中具有重大意義。TheuseoftheInternetisofgreatsignificanceinthedevelopmentofsociety.Ⅳ.完形填空閱讀下面短文,從短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Therearelotsofwaystoraiseawarenessforacause.Usually,the1.Ctheideais,themoreitgetsnoticed.Andthat'spreciselywhyone2.AFrenchmanhascaughtourattention.BaptisteDubanchetisbikingacrossEurope,surviving3.Condiscarded(丟棄的)food.Thethreemonth,1,900milejourneyfromParistoWarsawisDubanchet's4.BofraisingawarenessoffoodwasteinEuropeandthroughouttheworld.Asyoucanimagine,thetripisnopieceofcake.Whilerestaurants5.Dtonsoffoodeachyear,muchofitremainsinaccessiblebecauseof6.Agarbagecontainers,healthregulations,orbusinesspolicies.Onlyaboutoneintenplacesofferedhimfoodthatwouldotherwisebediscarded.Forlegal7.A,mostrestaurantshaveapolicyagainst8.Bfoodwaste.“Somepeoplehaveeven9.Dtheirjobsbygivingmefood,”Dubanchetsaid.What's10.CinterestingistheattitudevariouscitieshavetowardDubanchet'scause.BerlinhasbeentheeasiestwhilethemostdifficultwastheCzechtownofPilsen.There,hehadto11.Catsome50differentstoresorrestaurantsbeforefindingfood.Thechallengeisallthemoreseriouswhenyouconsiderthe12.CexerciserequiredtobikefromFrancetoPoland.“Ihavetogetfood13.DbecauseafterallthebikingIamtiredandIneedthe14.B,”Dubanchetexplained.“Ismystomachfullorempty?Thatisthemostimportantthing,notwhatIameating.”Heaimsto15.DhisjourneybymidJuly.Withanyluck,he'llturnafewmoreheadsintheprocess.文章大意:本文講解并描述了法國(guó)人BaptisteDubanchet一路騎自行車穿越歐洲,途中以丟棄的食物為生,試圖通過(guò)他的行為,來(lái)喚起人們對(duì)食物奢侈現(xiàn)象的關(guān)注。1.A.cleverer B.olderC.strange D.simpler解析:依據(jù)下文中的“themoreitgetsnoticed”可知,此處是“the+比較級(jí)...,the+比較級(jí)...(越……,越……)”結(jié)構(gòu),語(yǔ)意表示“想法越不尋常,就越能引起人們的關(guān)注”。2.A.garbageeating B.sportslovingC.foodwasting D.lawbreaking解析:依據(jù)下文中的“ondiscarded(丟棄)food”和全文可知,BaptisteDubanchet一路靠丟棄的食物為生,由此可知他是個(gè)“吃垃圾的人”。3.A.secretly B.finallyC.entirely D.probably解析:他完全依靠丟棄的食物來(lái)維持生活,以此來(lái)喚起人們珍惜食物的意識(shí)。4.A.purpose B.wayC.opinion D.dream解析:這是一種喚起人們對(duì)食物奢侈現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行關(guān)注的方式。5.A.store B.cookC.shopfor D.throwaway解析:依據(jù)上下文可知,餐館每年要倒掉數(shù)噸食物。6.A.locked B.damagedC.connected D.a(chǎn)bandoned解析:依據(jù)上文可知,這些被丟棄的食物被鎖在了垃圾箱里。7.A.reasons B.rightsC.fees D.a(chǎn)ids解析:出于法律上的緣由,大部分餐館都有規(guī)定,不允許把要丟棄的食物送掉。8.A.beggingfor B.givingawayC.hiding D.causing解析:參考上題解析。giveaway贈(zèng)送,分發(fā),選B。9.A.did B.keptC.a(chǎn)ccepted D.risked解析:有些人冒著丟掉工作的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)給我食物。此處risk意為“冒……的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,選D。10.A.hardly B.usuallyC.particularly D.merely解析:特殊有意思的是,不同城市對(duì)他這種行為的看法各不相同。particularly特殊,尤其。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,選C。11.A.work B.shoutC.a(chǎn)sk D.jump解析:在比爾森市,他不得不詢問(wèn)了約50家不同的商店或餐館,才討得食物。故選C。12.A.a(chǎn)dequate B.rewardingC.demanding D.suitable解析:這是一項(xiàng)費(fèi)勁的活動(dòng),須要一路從法國(guó)騎自行車到波蘭。依據(jù)句意可知,選C。13.A.a(chǎn)gain B.a(chǎn)loneC.later D.fast解析:依據(jù)語(yǔ)意可知,一路騎自行車,到達(dá)目的地后又累又餓,確定須要盡快地獲得食物,以補(bǔ)充身體所需的能量。故選fast。14.A.spirit B.energyC.time D.effort解析:參考上題解析。15.A.a(chǎn)rrange B.restartC.report D.finish解析:他準(zhǔn)備在7月中旬完成他的此次旅行,故選D。Ⅴ.閱讀理解(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith025dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.Here'showHarvardMedicalSchoolscientistMargaretLivingstone,wholedtheteam,describedtheexperiment:Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens.Ononepartofthescreen,asymbolwouldappear,andontheothersidetwosymbolsinsideacirclewereshown.Forexample,thenumber7wouldflashononesideofthescreenandtheotherendwouldhave9and8.Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice;iftheywentforthecircle,theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample.Afterrunninghundredsoftests,theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime,indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.Whentheteamexaminedtheresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely,theynoticedthatthemonkeystendedtounderestimate(低估)asumcomparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue—sometimeschoosing,forexample,a13overthesumof8and6.Theunderestimationwassystematic:Whenaddingtwonumbers,themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo,andthenaddedonlyafraction(小部分)ofthesmallernumbertoit.“Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains,”Dr.Livingstonesays.“Butinthisexperimentwhatthey'redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone.”文章大意:本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院做的一項(xiàng)動(dòng)物試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)發(fā)覺(jué)猴子能進(jìn)行基本的加法運(yùn)算,但加的結(jié)果有時(shí)會(huì)小于總和。1.Whatdidtheresearchersdotothemonkeysbeforetestingthem?CA.Theyfedthem. B.Theynamedthem.C.Theytrainedthem. D.Theymeasuredthem.解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeys...”和“Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.”可知探討者們是先訓(xùn)練猴子然后才進(jìn)行測(cè)試的,故選C項(xiàng)。其他三項(xiàng)均未提及。2.Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment?BA.Bydrawingacircle. B.Bytouchingascreen.C.Bywatchingvideos. D.Bymixingtwodrinks.解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice...”可知猴子們是通過(guò)觸碰屏幕得到嘉獎(jiǎng)的,故選B項(xiàng)。其他三項(xiàng)均不是猴子所做的事。3.WhatdidLivingstone'steamfindaboutthemonkeys?AA.Theycouldperformbasicaddition.B.Theycouldunderstandsimplewords.C.Theycouldmemorizenumberseasily.D.Theycouldholdtheirattentionforlong.解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段第一句可知,探討人員在進(jìn)行了數(shù)百次測(cè)試后發(fā)覺(jué),猴子多半時(shí)候會(huì)選擇更高的值,這表明它們是在進(jìn)行計(jì)算,而不僅僅是記憶每個(gè)組合的值。4.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?DA.Entertainment. B.Health.C.Education. D.Science.解析:推理推斷題。全文圍繞科學(xué)試驗(yàn)綻開(kāi)——探討者訓(xùn)練猴子并對(duì)其進(jìn)行測(cè)試后發(fā)覺(jué)猴子能夠進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)潔的加法運(yùn)算,但有時(shí)計(jì)算的結(jié)果不夠精確。由此可知,該文章可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的科學(xué)版上。Ⅵ.語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。SupermarketsinVietnamandThailandareleadingthefight1.againstsingleuseplasticsby2.replacing(replace)plasticbagswithbananaleaves.Asweallknow,itisofgreatimportancetotheplanet3.thatwestopusingsomuchbloodyplastic.Firstly,itispoisoningtheseas.Whalesarewashedup4.todie(die).Itisthehugeamountsofplasticinsidetheir5.stomachs(stomach)thatkillthem.Secondly,ifitispoisoningtheseas,it's6.probably(probable)poisoningus,too,forweeataloadofthingsthatcomeoutofthesea.Lately,anewandencouraging7.development(develop)startedwithaFacebookpostshowingbananaleavesbeingusedintheRimpingsupermarketinChiangMai.Thailand.Afterseeinghowmuchgoodpublicitythepost8.hasgot/gotten(get)inthepastfewmonths,supermarketsinVietnamhaveallfollowedsuit.AccordingtoaspokespersonforLotteMarketinHoChizminhCity,they'reonlydoingthisas9.atest,buttheyplanto
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