Unit1知識點提要2022-2023學(xué)年牛津譯林版英語八年級上冊

8AUnit1知識點提要詞匯口渴的adj.thirsty▲比較級：thirstier▲最高級：thethirstiest渴望某物bethirstyforsth.誠實的，正直的adj.honest比較級：-er最高級：the-est★一個誠實的男孩anhonestboy說實話Tobehonest,=Totellthetruth,不誠實的adj.dishonest誠實地adv.honestly誠實n.honesty秘密可n.secret(a/-s)...的秘密thesecretof...秘密的adj.8AU4secret★（為某人）保守秘密（短語）（2種）keepasecret(forsb.)=keepsecrets(forsb.)保密8AU4（短語）keepitsecret某人自守秘密(不將秘密說出去)keepsecretstooneself對某人隱瞞keepsecretsfromsb.歡樂，高興；樂趣不可n.*joy關(guān)心，關(guān)注，在意v.care→三單：-s→▲過去式：-d→▲現(xiàn)分：caring關(guān)心，關(guān)懷（短語）careabout你自己反身代詞.yourself[復(fù)]你們自己反身代詞.yourselves8AU3★相信你自己believeinyourself★隨便吃/喝(...)；請自便helpyourself/yourselves(to...)青少年可n.*teenager(a/-s)在青少年中amongteenagers雜志可n.magazine(a/-s)好看的，漂亮的adj.good-looking幽默的adj.humorous比較級：more~最高級：themost~幽默不可n.*humo(u)r禮貌的adj.polite▲比較級：-r▲最高級：the-st對某人有禮貌bepolitetosb.禮貌地adv.politely比較級：more~最高級：themost~不禮貌的adj.impolite不禮貌地adv.impolitely愛整潔的，整潔的adj.tidy▲比較級：tidier▲最高級：thetidiest★不整潔的adj.untidy收拾，整理v.8AU4tidy→▲三單：tidies→▲過去式：tidied→▲現(xiàn)分：tiding收拾妥，整理好（短語）8AU4tidyup整理好你的臥室tidyupyourbedroom整理好它tidyitup成為；適合v.make→三單：-s→▲過去式：made→▲現(xiàn)分：making“成為”★成為一名杰出的老師make/become/beanexcellentteacher“使”★使某人做某事makesb.dosth.★使某人/某事adj.makesb./sth.+adj.★使某人成為n.makesb.+n.“制作”制作一些紙玫瑰8AU4makesomepaperroses信任v.&不可n.trust→三單：-s→過去式：-ed→現(xiàn)分：-ing\確實的，的確adj.true★實現(xiàn)某人的夢想makeone’sdreamcometrue區(qū)分：真誠地adv.truly信任v.trust真相不可n.truth謊言可n.lie(a/-s)撒謊tellalie=telllies撒謊v.lie→三單：-s→▲過去式：-d→▲現(xiàn)分：lying躺，位于v.lie→三單：-s→▲過去式：lay→▲現(xiàn)分：lying玩笑可n.joke(a/-s)講有趣的笑話tellafunnyjoke=tellfunnyjokes慷慨的，大方的adj.*generous比較級：more~最高級：themost~對某人慷慨begeneroustosb.樂意的，愿意的adj.*willing比較級：more~最高級：themost~★愿意做某事bewillingtodosth.在任何時候adv.anytime=anytime嗓音可n.voice(a/-s)常用單數(shù)有良好的嗓音haveagoodvoice噪音不可n.noise聲音可n.sound(a/-s)發(fā)出美妙的聲音makeabeautifulsound=makebeautifulsounds系v.sound聽起來不錯。(That)soundsgood/great.歌手可n.singer(a/-s)幾乎，差不多adv.almost=nearly8AU8幾乎不adv.hardly圓形的adj.&周圍，繞一整圈；轉(zhuǎn)過來adv.8AU6round比較級：-er最高級：the-est方形的adj.&平方的adj.7BU1&廣場可n.(a/-s)8AU3square▲比較級：-r▲最高級：the-st感覺；觀念；意識可n.sense(a/-s)常用單數(shù)★很有幽默感haveagoodsenseofhumour方向感差haveapoorsenseofdirection有很強的時間觀念haveastrongsenseoftime有是非觀念haveasenseofrightandwrong無聊的adj.bored[形容事/物]比較級：more~最高級：themost~對...感到無聊feel/getboredwith...無聊的adj.boring[形容事/物]比較級：more~最高級：themost~可容納，裝進v.fit→三單：-s→▲過去式：-ted→▲現(xiàn)分：-ting適合，合身v.fit考點：fit和match的區(qū)分：sth.fit(適合，合身)sb.sth.match(相配)sth.().Asweknow,aredjacketdoesn’t_____greentrousers.Butwhenalittlegirlwearsthem,they_____herverywell.A.fit;fitB.match;matchC.fit;matchD.match;fit合適的adj.fit適合...befitfor...健康的adj.fit保持健康keepfit碰，撞；把...撞擊成v.knock→三單：-s→過去式：-ed→現(xiàn)分：-ing到...的上面動態(tài)prep.onto★把A碰到B上knockAontoB筆直的adj.&徑直地adv.straight比較級：-er最高級：the-est有長直發(fā)havelongstraighthair可愛的，惹人喜愛的adj.&甜(美)的adj.sweet=cute=lovely比較級：-er最高級：the-est糖果可n.sweet(a/-s)微笑v.smile→三單：-s→▲過去式：-d→▲現(xiàn)分：smiling微笑可n.smile(a/-s)常用單數(shù)某人面帶微笑have/wearasmileonone’sface微笑的，帶著笑意的adj.smiling★微笑的眼睛smilingeyes個性可n.*personality▲(a/personalities)選擇；挑選v.choose→三單：-s→▲過去式：chose→▲現(xiàn)分：choosing選擇A作為BchooseAasB選擇做某事choosetodosth.更差，更糟，更壞adj.(bad的比較級)worse最差，最糟，最壞adj.(bad的最高級)worst高，高度不可n.height★...的高度（是什么？）(What’s)theheightof...(?)★在高度上inheight高的adj.high比較級：-er最高級：the-est重量不可n.weight★...的重量（是什么？）(What’s)theweightof...(?)★在重量上inweight減肥loseweight增肥putonweight重的adj.heavy▲比較級：heavier▲最高級：theheaviest重達v.weigh→★三單：-s→過去式：-ed→現(xiàn)分：-ing[拓展]提問重量的句型3種、回答重量的句型2種e.g.問：What’stheweightofaneraser?=Howheavyisaneraser？=Howmuchdoesaneraserweigh？e.g.答：Aneraserweighsabout20grams.=Aneraseris20gramsinweight.[易錯題]()1.—_______didyouweighwhenyouwereborn?—My_______wasabout3.5kg.Howheavy;weighB.Howmany;weighC.Howmuch;weightD.Howmuch;weigh()2.—_______doesDanielweigh?Helooksquiteslim.—He_______50kgatmost.Howheavy;weighesB.Howmany;weightsC.Howmuch;weighsD.Howmuch;weights秒可n.second(a/-s)第二序數(shù)詞.second競賽，比賽可n.(a/-s)&競爭不可n.competition測試，考查可n.test(a/-s)測試，考查v.test→三單：-s→過去式：-ed→現(xiàn)分：-ing游泳者可n.swimmer(a/-s)打算，計劃可n.plan(a/-s)未來的計劃futureplans為...做計劃makeaplanfor...打算，計劃v.plan→三單：-s→▲過去式：-ned→▲現(xiàn)分：-ning打算做某事plantodosth.社會的adj.social協(xié)會；社會可n.8AU6society▲(a/societies)社會工作者（短語）socialworker馬尾辮可n.ponytail(a/-s)害羞的adj.shy比較級：-er最高級：the-est英俊的adj.handsome▲比較級：-r▲最高級：the-st胖的adj.fat▲比較級：-ter▲最高級：the-test勤奮的，工作努力的adj.hard-working比較級：more~最高級：themost~耐心的adj.patient比較級：more~最高級：themost~對...有耐心bepatientwith...病人可n.patient(a/-s)不快樂的，悲傷的adj.unhappy▲比較級：unhappier▲最高級：theunhappiest快樂的adj.happy杰出的，極好的adj.excellent★成為一名杰出的老師make/become/beanexcellentteacher語言點不定代詞用法4種①不代＋adj.②不代＋todo③不代＋else④不代作主語，謂v.用單數(shù)e.g.Something______(be)wrongwithmycomputer.數(shù)詞＋more＋n.=another＋數(shù)詞＋n.e.g.______________________________________________some＋more＋n.Maybe“也許，可能”放句首。maybe“也許是，可能是”放句中。他說的話(2種)whathesays=hiswords做某事費力(3種)haveproblems/trouble/difficultywithsth.=haveproblems/trouble/difficulty(in)doingsth.疑問詞做主語，謂v.用單數(shù)e.g.—Hesaidhewantedtoownabigfarm.—Who_______(在意)whathesaid?Heissuchabigmouth.與某人分享某物sharesth.withsb.幫助某人做某事helpsb.do/withsth.past_____________________________pass______________________________[典型例題]().Amyknockedmypen_______thefloorwhenhewalked______mydeskyesterday.A.onto;passB.onto;pastC.into;passD.into;past幫過去式中文用法say______“說”①say＋說話內(nèi)容（hello/hi/goodbye/sorry/“……”）②★紙制材料(sign標志、note便條、notice告示、instructions說明書、guidebook旅游指南等)上寫著用sayspeak______“說”★“演講”①★speak＋語言（Chinese/English...）②speaktosb.talk______“談?wù)摗薄飔alk＋介詞（about/with/to/of）tell______告訴”“講”①★告訴某人(不要)做某事tellsb.(not)todosth.②告訴某人某事tellsth.tosb.=tellsb.sth.③★固搭5種講笑話telljokes=tellajoke講故事tellstories=tellastory撒謊telllies=tellalie說實話tellthetruth區(qū)分tellthedifference[典型例題]()1．MypenpallivesinAmerica,butsheoften________wecan________ChinesewhenI________withheronline.Sometimesshedoesn’tunderstandwhatI________.A．tells,speak,talk,say B．says,talk,speak,tellC．tells,speak,talk,speak D．says,speak,talk,say()2．—Canyou_____Chinese,Tony?—Yes,butto___thetruth,Icouldhardly____awordwhenI___infrontofthewholeschoolyesterday.A．speak;tell;say;spoke B．say;talk;speak;talkedC．say;tell;speak;talked D．speak;tell;talk;spoke()3．Milliecan’t_____itinChinesebecauseshecan’t_____Chinese.Canshe_____usthestoryinEnglish?A．speak;say;tell B．say;speak;tell C．tell;speak;say D．say;tell;speak()4．—Whatdoesthesign______thebenchsay?

—It_____“WetPaint”.A．talks B．tells C．says D．speaks事/物worry...某事/某物使...擔心人worryabout...=人beworriedabout...某人擔心...[典型例題]().

Ann

is

really

down

these

days.

She______hersickmother

and

her

new

job_____hertoo.A.

worries;

worriesB.

worries;

worries

aboutC.

worries

about;

worriesD.

worries

about;

worriesaboutbecause＋句子，becauseof＋名詞（性短語）說某人的壞話sayabadword/badwordsaboutsb.想要做某事wouldliketodosth.befamousfor...因...而著名、befamousas...作為...而著名、befamousto...為...所熟知befriendlyto...對...友好、makefriends(with...)（和...）交朋友If從句（通過If或逗號斷開主句、從句）注意區(qū)分if翻譯為“是否”還是“如果”主將從現(xiàn)：★()1.—Idon't

know

if

they

the

Great

Wall

next

Sunday.—They

won’t

go

there

if

it.A．visit;snows B．visit;will

snow C．will

visit;will

snow D．will

visit;snows()2.Ifyou__________takemyadvice,you__________regret(后悔)later.A．don’t;will B．won’t;will C．don’t;won’t D．won’t;don’t主情從現(xiàn)：()3.—Doyouknowifittomorrow?—Iamnotsure.Itmaysnowifthetemperaturebelowzero.A．snows;willdropB．willsnow;willdropC．willsnow;dropsD．snows;drops主祈從現(xiàn)：()4.Ifyouhaveproblemssleepatnight,aglassofwarmmilk.of;todrinkB．a(chǎn)bout;drinkingC．with;drinkD．to;drinking提問“外貌、品質(zhì)、愛好”的4個句型①★★★Whatissb.like?提問外、品②Whatdoessb.looklike?提問外③Howdoeshelook?提問外④Whatdoeshelike?提問愛好bothAandB“A和B都”謂v.的數(shù)取決于A和BnotonlyAbut(also)B“不僅A而且B”謂v.的數(shù)取決于B，即就近原則BoththetwinsandJack_______(be)fromtheUK.NotonlythetwinsbutalsoJack_______(be)fromtheUK.排除法解題：前后從屬有other，前后不從屬無other。any＋可n.單、anyother＋可n.單、theother＋可n.復(fù)()1.Shanghaiismoremodernthan_____inJiangsuProvinceanditisalsomoremodernthan_____inChina.anycity;anycityB.anycity;theothercitiesC.anyothercity;theothercitiesD.anyothercity;anycity()2.TheboyinClass3jumpshigherthan_______inclass2andhigherthan______inhisschool.A.anyotherstudent;theotherstudentsB.anystudent;anyotherstudentC.anyotherstudent;anystudentsD.anystudent;theotherstudent()3.Shanghaiismuchlargerthan_____inFranceanditisoneofthe_____citiesinChina．A.anycity,biggestB.anyothercity,bigger C.anyothercity;biggestD.anycity;bigger語法（8AU1&8AU2）比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成方法（2類）第一類：規(guī)則變化構(gòu)成方法原級比較級最高級形容詞①短形容詞，比較級加er，最高級加the-est。nearnearerthenearest②長形容詞，比較級加more，最高級加themost。beautifulmorebeautifulthemostbeautiful③以e結(jié)尾的形容詞，比較級加r，最高級加the-st。largelargerthelargest④以輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的形容詞，比較級去y加ier，最高級去y加the-iest。tidytidierthetidiest⑤以輔元輔字母結(jié)尾的形容詞，比較級雙寫最后一個字母加er，最高級雙寫最后一個字母加the-esthothotterthehottest⑥以-ful、-less、-able、-ous、-tive、-ed、-ing等后綴結(jié)尾的形容詞，無論長短，一律比較級加more，最高級加themost。usefulmoreusefulthemostuseful副詞①不以ly結(jié)尾的副詞，比較級加er，最高級加the-est。fastfasterthefastest②以ly結(jié)尾的副詞，比較級加more，最高級加themost。carefullymorecarefullythemostcarefully③特例：earlyearly★earlier★theearliest第二類：不規(guī)則變化原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterthebestbad/badly/illworsetheworstmany/muchmorethemostlittlelesstheleastold★older/★eldertheoldest/theeldestfarfarther/★furtherthefarther/thefurthest附：3個考點less＋adj.，意為“較不adj.”，如lessimportant意為“較不重要”。theleast＋adj.，意為“最不adj.”，如theleastimportant意為“最不重要”。older和elder都意為“年紀更大”，但older無血緣關(guān)系，elder有血緣關(guān)系。（3）★further?？脊檀?種：進一步學(xué)習(xí)/研究furtherstudy/research進一步討論furtherdiscussion更多的信息furtherinformation其他的問題furtherquestions再往前/下走8BU3furtheron/down比較級的用法（6種）①比較級＋than②much/even/alittle＋比較級③兩者比較時，用比較級④見到ofthetwo,用the＋比較級⑤越…，就越…The＋比較級…,The＋比較級…⑥越來越…短形比and短形比越來越強壯________________________________________________moreandmore長形原越來越漂亮________________________________________________最高級的用法（5種）①見到ofthethree/ofall，用the＋最高級②見到表示范圍的in短語，用the＋最高級如：intheworld，inourclass③三者或三者以上比較時，用the＋最高級④oneofthe＋adj.最高級＋可n.復(fù)（做主語，謂v.用單數(shù)）⑤the＋序數(shù)詞＋adj.最高級，意為“第幾adj.”如：thesecondlargestcity意為“第二大城市”注意：若adj.最高級前有形物代、名詞所有格，要省略the[易錯題]()1.Whichis___________,theearth,thesunorthemoon?A．a(chǎn)sbigas B．big C．bigger D．thebiggest()2.Whichis______totheEarth,theSunortheMoon?close

B．closer

C．closest

D．theclosest()3.Whichcitydoyouthinkis______fromNanjing,BeijingorDalian?farthestB.farC.fartherD.thefarthestWhichdoyoulike_________(well),Daisy,juiceorcola?數(shù)量(number)只能比大小，不能比多少。()1.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschool______than______inRockyMountainHi