2024秋高中英語Unit1ArtSectionⅢGrammar-虛擬語氣Ⅰ學案含解析新人教版選修6

PAGEUnit1ArtSectionⅢGrammar——虛擬語氣(Ⅰ)虛擬語氣在條件句中的運用1．非真實條件句中虛擬語氣的基本形式(1)與現(xiàn)在事實相反條件從句用過去時(be動詞的過去式一律用were)，主句用“would(should/might/could)＋動詞原形”。如：IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepttheinvitationtotheparty.假如我是你的話，我將接受去聚會的邀請。(2)與將來事實相反條件從句用過去時或者“wereto＋動詞原形”或者“should＋動詞原形”，主句用“would(should/might/could)＋動詞原形”。如：IfitwereSaturdaytomorrow,wewouldn'thaveanexam.假如明天是周六的話，我們就不考試了。2．非真實條件句的特別形式(1)虛擬條件句中的省略與倒裝假如if虛擬條件句中有were,had或者should等詞時，可以省略if，把這些詞放在主語前，形成倒裝句。如：IfIshouldmeether(ShouldImeether),Iwouldtellher.假如我遇見她的話，我就告知她。(2)錯綜時間條件句有時在非真實條件句中，主句謂語動詞所表示的動作和條件從句中謂語動詞所表示的動作并不同時發(fā)生，這時主句和從句的謂語動詞要依據(jù)各自所指的不同時間選用適當?shù)奶摂M語氣形式。如：HadItakenmyumbrellawithmewhenIcameoutthismorning,Ishouldnotbewetnow.假如我今日早上出來的時候帶著傘的話，現(xiàn)在就不會淋濕了。(從句說的是過去的事情，而主句說的是現(xiàn)在的事情)(3)含蓄虛擬條件句有時一個假設的狀況并不用條件從句表示，而用其他方式來表示，這樣的句子叫含蓄虛擬條件句。主要有以下幾種狀況：①用with,without,butfor等介詞(短語)來替代條件從句，它們都可以轉換成由if引導的虛擬條件句。如：Wemighthavediedwithoutyourhelp.＝Wemighthavediedifyouhadn'thelpedus.假如(那時)沒有你們的幫助，我們可能已經死了。②用or,otherwise,butthat,suppose/supposing(that),provided/providing(that)等引導的虛擬語氣。如：Youdidn'tcomeyesterday,oryouwouldhaveseenhim.你昨天沒有來，否則的話，你就已經看到他了。③通過上下文來表示虛擬，在這種狀況下，須要加以分析。如：Iwouldhavegivenyoumoremoney,butIwassopoorthen.我(那時假如有錢的話)就會給你更多的錢了，但是我當時太窮了。Ⅰ.同義句轉換1．Hewantstocometotheparty,buthecan'tbecausehehastowork.→Hewould_cometothepartyifhedidn'thavetowork.2．LiQiangiseasy-going,sohehasanumberoffriends.→Ifhewerenoteasy-going,LiQiangwouldn't_haveanumberoffriends.3．Ifhecontinuestoworkhardlikethis,hewillgetahigherposition.→If_he_should_continue/Should_he_continue/If_he_were_to_continue/Were_he_to_continue/If_he_continuedtoworkhardlikethis,hewouldgetahigherposition.4．Weknowlittleaboutthedisease,sowearenotabletotreatthepatientseffectively.→Ifweknewmoreaboutthedisease,wewouldbeabletotreatthepatientseffectively.5．Thankstoyourtimelywarning,wedidn'tgetintogreattrouble.→Butforyourtimelywarning,wewould_have_gotintogreattrouble.Ⅱ.用所給詞的適當形式填空1．—Ifthefactorybelonged(belong)tome,Iwouldn't_sell(notsell)it.—Butitisn'tyours.2．—Ifyouhad_kept(keep)thesecret,nobodywould_have_known(know)it.—I'msorryformakingsuchamistake.3．Iftheweatherweretobefinetomorrow,Iwould_go(go)foranoutingwithmyparents.4．Were(be)Iyou,Iwouldthinkaboutthisproblemonceagain.5．Had(have)Ihadtimelastnight,Iwould_have_gone(go)toseethiswonderfulfilm.6．IfIhadworkedharderatschool,Iwould_be_sitting(sit)inacomfortableofficenow.7．Iwould_have_called(call)you,butIforgotyourtelephonenumber.8．Haditnotbeenforyourovercoat,Iwould_have_died(die)．9．Whatadifficulttest!FortunatelyIworkedhard,otherwiseIwould_have_failed(fail)．10．IrealizedthatifIhad_done(do)that,Iwouldhavelostanewfriendandmissedallthefunwewouldhavetogether.Ⅲ.句型訓練1．If_I_were_in_your_position/Were_I_in_your_position(假如我在你的位置上),Iwoulddoitbetter.2．Ifitweretoclearuptomorrow,wewould_go_for_a_picnic(就去野餐)．3．If_I_were_a_boy(假如我是一個男孩),Iwould