Unit 4 核心詞匯變式練（原卷版）

PAGEPAGE18Unit4核心詞匯變式練（原卷版）教材核心詞匯知識(shí)教材核心詞匯知識(shí)鏈接及典例解讀一、wheneverconj.無(wú)論何時(shí)【教材原句】Booksallowmetolearnaboutpeopleindifferenttimesandplaces,andIcanreadthemwheneverIwantto.書讓我了解在不同的時(shí)期和地方的人們，而且無(wú)論什么時(shí)候我想讀書都能讀?！境Ｒ娪梅ā烤渲衱henever是連詞，意為“無(wú)論何時(shí)”，相當(dāng)于nomatterwhen,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Wheneveryoucomehere,you'llbewelcome.=Nomatterwhenyoucomehere,you'llbewelcome.無(wú)論你何時(shí)來(lái)這兒，你都將受歡迎?！韭?lián)想拓展】和whenever一樣，可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的詞還有：whatever=nomatterwhat無(wú)論什么whoever=nomatterwho無(wú)論是誰(shuí)however=nomatterhow無(wú)論如何；不管怎樣wherever=nomatterwhere無(wú)論在哪里；不管在任何地方Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell.=Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.無(wú)論你做什么，都必須做好它。Whereverhegoes,hewilltakeacamera.=Nomatterwherehegoes,hewilltakeacamera.無(wú)論他走到哪里，他都帶相機(jī)?！镜淅庾x】1.Dancingonthesquaresisquitepopularamongmanywomen,theseasonis.B.whateverA.wheneverC.whereverD.whomever【解析】句意為：季節(jié)，在廣場(chǎng)上跳舞在許多婦女中相當(dāng)受歡迎。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，空處應(yīng)用whatever表示“無(wú)論什么”?！敬鸢浮緽2.yougo,youdo,Iwillberightherewaitingforyou.A.Wherever;whatever B.If;if C.Where;what【答案】A【解析】試題分析：句意：無(wú)論你去哪，無(wú)論你做什么，我將會(huì)在正確的地點(diǎn)等待你。分析：去一定是方向，做一定是做的內(nèi)容。同時(shí)結(jié)合下文，引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)用無(wú)論在哪和無(wú)論什么。故選A考點(diǎn)：考查連詞的用法。3._______youhaveproblems,youcancallme.A.WhateverB.UntilC.WheneverD.While【答案】C【解析】句意：無(wú)論你什么時(shí)候有問(wèn)題，你都可以給我打電話。A.Whatever無(wú)論什么；B.Until直到；C.Whenever無(wú)論何時(shí)；D.While當(dāng)時(shí)候根據(jù)句意故選C二、throughprep.以；憑借【教材原句】IliketolearnabouttheworldthroughtheInternet.我喜歡通過(guò)因特網(wǎng)來(lái)了解世界?！境Ｒ娪梅ā縯hrough是介詞，意為“以；憑借”。Youcanonlyachievesuccessthroughhardwork.你只能靠努力工作來(lái)獲得成功?！疽谆毂嫖觥縯hrough,by,with與in的用法區(qū)別1.by、through表示“以某種方式、方法或手段”，by后可用動(dòng)名詞。2.with指“借助某種具體的手段或工具”。3.in表示“以某種方式”或“用某種語(yǔ)言”。Heearnedhislivingbysellingnewspapers.他以賣報(bào)為生。Youshouldwritewithapencil.你應(yīng)該用鉛筆寫。CanyousayitinEnglish?你能用英語(yǔ)說(shuō)出它嗎？【聯(lián)想拓展】through還可作介詞，意為“通過(guò)；穿過(guò)”。Katewalkedthroughthegate.凱特從門口進(jìn)去了?！疽谆毂嫖觥縯hrough與across的用法區(qū)別1.across意為“橫過(guò)；穿過(guò)；跨過(guò)”，側(cè)重指從物體表面穿過(guò)或從一邊到另一邊。2.through意為“通過(guò)；穿過(guò)”，側(cè)重指從某一個(gè)物體的內(nèi)部穿過(guò)。Wewerewalkingthroughtheforestwhiletheywereswimmingacrosstheriver.他們游泳過(guò)河的時(shí)候，我們正穿過(guò)森林?！镜淅庾x】－Oh,mygod!I'veleftmykeysintheroom.I'llhavetogetinthewindow.－It'sdangerous.You'dbetterwaitforyourmumtocomeback.A.pastB.overC.acrossD.through【解析】句意為：－哦，我的天！我把鑰匙忘在房間里了。我不得不通過(guò)窗戶進(jìn)去。－這很危險(xiǎn)。你最好等你媽媽回來(lái)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示穿過(guò)物體的內(nèi)部，應(yīng)用介詞through.【答案】D2._______thehelpofothers,theboycouldswim________theriversuccessfully.A.Under;across B.With;across C.Under,through D.With;through【答案】B【詳解】句意：在其他人的幫助下，這個(gè)男孩能成功地游泳穿過(guò)這條河?？疾榻樵~。under在……下面；with有；across在某一空間從一端到另一端或呈十字交叉穿過(guò)，該動(dòng)作在物體表面進(jìn)行；through從人群或物體中間穿過(guò)，該動(dòng)作在物體內(nèi)部進(jìn)行。表達(dá)“在某人的幫助下”用短語(yǔ)withthehelpofsb.；表達(dá)“游過(guò)這條河”用swimacrosstheriver。故選B。3.—Ifeelbored________hisendlesstalk.—Herearesomemagazinesforyoutolook________.A.of;after B.with;through C.for;at D.with;for【答案】B【詳解】句意：——我對(duì)他沒(méi)完沒(méi)了的談話感到厭煩?！@里有一些雜志供你翻閱?？疾榻樵~。of……的；after在……之后；with和……一起；through通過(guò)；for為了；at在……點(diǎn)時(shí)；第一空表達(dá)的是“對(duì)……感到厭煩”，英語(yǔ)表達(dá)為feelboredwith，所以第一空用介詞with；結(jié)合“Herearesomemagazinesforyou”可知，第二空表達(dá)的是“瀏覽雜志”，lookthrough“瀏覽”，故選B。4.Theriverruns_______thecity.Andtherearemanybeautifulbridges_______theriver.A.across;through B.through;overC.through;through D.across;over【答案】B【解析】試題分析：句意：這條河穿過(guò)城市。而且河上有許多美麗的橋。從內(nèi)部穿過(guò)用through，在某物的垂直上方用over，根據(jù)分析可知答案，故選B?？键c(diǎn)：考查介詞辨析。三、agreatdeal(of)大量；許多【教材原句】Assoonasyouclickthemouse,there'sagreatdealofinformation.你一點(diǎn)擊鼠標(biāo)，就會(huì)有大量的信息?！境Ｒ娪梅ā縜greatdeal(of)修飾不可數(shù)名詞，意為“大量；許多”，相當(dāng)于agooddeal(of).·Danielspentagreatdealofmoneyonbooks.丹尼爾花了很多錢買書?！韭?lián)想拓展】①英語(yǔ)中表示“許多；大量”的短語(yǔ)還有：plentyof后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。alotof相當(dāng)于lotsof,后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。anumberof后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。②agreat/gooddeal可用作副詞短語(yǔ)，意為“大量；許多”，在句中作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)。JimranagreatdealfasterthanI.吉姆比我跑得快多了?！镜淅庾x】1.去年12月份我的家鄉(xiāng)降雪量很大。ItsnowedinmyhometownlastDecember.【答案】agreatdeal/alot/much2.She________livedherefor________years.A.had,afew B.has,several C.had,alotof D.has,agreatdealof【答案】B【詳解】句意：她在這里住了幾年?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)、不定代詞。afew一些，帶有不確定性，后接復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；several幾個(gè)，數(shù)個(gè)，強(qiáng)調(diào)“不止一兩個(gè)”，后接復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；alotof許多，跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式或不可數(shù)名詞，表年、月、日、時(shí)等時(shí)間單位，不可和alotof連用，所以排除C；agreatdealof許多，只能跟不可數(shù)名詞；years是復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，所以排除D；此處無(wú)過(guò)去時(shí)間作參照構(gòu)成先后順序，所以排除過(guò)去完成時(shí)A；for+一段時(shí)間是完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞，故選B。3.OnNovember11,manyyoungpeoplespend___________moneyshoppinginTMALL.A.anumberof B.thenumberof C.agreatdeal D.agreatdealof【答案】D【詳解】句意：11月11日，許多年輕人在天貓花了很多錢購(gòu)物?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。A.anumberof許多，大量的，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；B.thenumberof….的數(shù)量，后面跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，做主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；C.agreatdeal許多，大量；D.agreatdealof只能用在不可數(shù)名詞前，表示“大量的，許多”。money是不可數(shù)名詞，“很多錢”用agreatdealof；結(jié)合句意可知答案是D。4.Heusedtotravelfarand________,sohegot________ongeography.A.wide;anumberofknowledges B.wide;agreatdealofknowledgeC.widely;alargenumberofknowledges D.widely;agooddealofknowledge【答案】D【解析】句意：他過(guò)去常常到很遠(yuǎn)的地方去旅行，去的范圍也很廣，所以他學(xué)到了很多地理知識(shí)。副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，travel為動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)該由widely來(lái)修飾，首先排除A,B；knowledge為不可數(shù)名詞，無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)形式，故答案為D。四、tryoutforsth.參加······選拔（或試演）【教材原句】...Spudtriedoutfortheschoolteam...······斯巴德參加了校隊(duì)的選拔......【常見用法】tryoutforsth.意為“參加·····選拔（或試演）”。ShetriedoutforSing!China.她參加了《中國(guó)好聲音》的選拔?！韭?lián)想拓展】含有try的其他常見短語(yǔ)：tryon試穿tryout試驗(yàn)；試用try/doone'sbest盡某人最大努力trytodosth設(shè)法做某事trydoingsth嘗試做某事【典例解讀】1.為什么不參加校足球隊(duì)的選拔呢？【答案】Whynottryoutfortheschoolfootball/soccerteam?2.Marydecidedto________forajobatanafter-schoolreadingprogramlastyear.A.tryout B.handout C.giveout【答案】A【詳解】句意：瑪麗去年決定在一個(gè)課外閱讀項(xiàng)目里試著找一份工作?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。tryout參加……選拔；handout分發(fā)；giveout分發(fā)，散發(fā)。根據(jù)“Marydecidedto…forajobatanafter-schoolreadingprogram”可知，應(yīng)該是找工作，tryoutfor…參加選拔，故選A。3.---WhydidJeantrysomanyclothesintheclothingshopyesterday?Becauseshewantedtotryouttheleadroleoftheschoolplay.A.on;forB.out;ofC.on;ofD.for;for【答案】A【解析】句意：——昨天Jean為什么在服裝店試穿了那么多衣服？——因?yàn)樗雲(yún)⒓訉W(xué)校話劇主角的選拔賽。考查介詞。第一個(gè)空，根據(jù)intheclothingshop可知是試穿衣服，“試穿”固定詞組tryon；第二個(gè)空，根據(jù)題干可知考查固定搭配tryoutfor，意思是“參加…的選拔賽”；結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知A選項(xiàng)符合題意，故答案選A。4.Thesedays,manygraduates(大學(xué)畢業(yè)生)usuallyhavetohavequiteafewinterviewsto_______ajobthattheyneedtotake.A.tryonB.tryoutforC.tryD.haveatryon【答案】B【解析】句意：最近，很多大學(xué)畢業(yè)生不得不參加相當(dāng)多的面試來(lái)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)他們需要的工作。tryon試穿，試戴；tryoutfor競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，參與選拔；try努力；嘗試；haveatryon試一試。根據(jù)句意havetohavequiteafewinterviews…可知，大學(xué)畢業(yè)生們參加很多面試是為了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)他們需要的工作，故應(yīng)選B。五、leadern.領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者【教材原句】Spudwentontobecomeleaderoftheteam.斯巴德接著成為隊(duì)長(zhǎng)。【常見用法】leader是可數(shù)名詞，意為“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者”。He'safollower,notaleader.他是一個(gè)追隨者，不是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者?！颈忱鋵W(xué)搭配】Howcanweleadahealthylifewiththerapiddevelopmentofsociety?隨著社會(huì)的高速發(fā)展，我們?nèi)绾尾拍苓^(guò)健康的生活？Hardworkleadstosuccess.努力工作通向成功。Hertrustingnatureoftenleadsherintotrouble.她輕言別人的性格經(jīng)常使她遇到麻煩。【固定搭配】①leada...life過(guò)著······的生活②leadto導(dǎo)致；通向③leadsbinto促使／導(dǎo)致某人··.....【聯(lián)想拓展】lead作動(dòng)詞，意為“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；帶領(lǐng)”。Shetookhersonbythehandtoleadhimintothehouse.她拉著她兒子的手帶領(lǐng)他進(jìn)了那棟房子?！镜淅庾x】1.Mikeisourgreat（領(lǐng)袖）。【答案】leader2.Mr.Wuusedtobe________leaderofthefootballteamin________universityinNanjing.A.a,a B.an,/ C.the,the D./,a【答案】D【詳解】句意：吳先生曾經(jīng)是南京一所大學(xué)足球隊(duì)的隊(duì)長(zhǎng)?？疾楣谠~。第一個(gè)空，leaderof…“…的領(lǐng)袖”，后面特指一個(gè)足球隊(duì)的領(lǐng)袖，已經(jīng)有定冠詞the了，因此什么都不填。第二個(gè)空，泛指一所大學(xué)，university是以輔音音素開頭的，用a修飾，故選D。3.WehadJayleadthewaythroughtheforestbecause"anoldhorseknowstheway".Jayis______A.anoldhorse B.agoodguideC.alocalpoliceman D.agoodleader【答案】B【解析】試題分析：句意：我讓Jay領(lǐng)路穿過(guò)那個(gè)森林，因?yàn)槔像R識(shí)途。Jay是個(gè)好向?qū)?。A.anoldhorse一匹老馬B.agoodguide一個(gè)好向?qū).alocalpoliceman一個(gè)當(dāng)?shù)氐木霥.agoodleader一個(gè)好領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。根據(jù)句意，可知他是個(gè)導(dǎo)游，故選B?？键c(diǎn)：考查名詞短語(yǔ)的用法。六、simplyadv.僅僅；簡(jiǎn)直【教材原句】However,nouniversitywouldinvitehimtoplaybasketballsimplybecausehewasonly170cmtall.然而，沒(méi)有大學(xué)愿意邀請(qǐng)他打籃球僅僅因?yàn)樗挥?70厘米高?！境Ｒ娪梅ā縮imply是副詞，意為“僅僅；簡(jiǎn)直”，常用來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。simply還可意為“簡(jiǎn)樸地；樸素地”。Wesimplycan'tunderstandwhathesaid.我們簡(jiǎn)直不能理解他說(shuō)的話。heylivesimply.他們簡(jiǎn)樸地生活。【易混辨析】simple與easy的用法區(qū)別1.simple意為“簡(jiǎn)單的”，多指因不復(fù)雜而顯得容易。2.easy意為“簡(jiǎn)單的；容易的”，多指因不難而能做（能理解）。Thisisasimpleproblemandit'seasyformetoworkitout.這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題，對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)很容易就能解出它。【聯(lián)想拓展】simple作形容詞，意為“簡(jiǎn)單的；簡(jiǎn)易的”。ShelikeswritingstoriesinsimpleEnglishforchildren.她喜歡用簡(jiǎn)單的英語(yǔ)為孩子們寫故事?！镜淅庾x】1.Youcanenjoywatersports,or（simple)lieonthebeach.【解析】句意為：你可以去享受水上運(yùn)動(dòng)，或僅僅躺在沙灘上。此處需要用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞lie,故填simply.【答案】simply2.—Look,Grandma!________clickhere,andthenyoucantalktothedoctor.—Soeasy?DoIneedaspecialnumberorsomething?A.Simply B.Gradually C.Recently D.Carelessly【答案】A【詳解】句意：——看，奶奶！只需點(diǎn)擊這里，然后你就可以和醫(yī)生交談了?！敲慈菀讍幔课倚枰粋€(gè)特別的號(hào)碼嗎？考查副詞辨析。simply僅僅，只；gradually漸漸地；recently最近；carelessly馬虎地。根據(jù)奶奶的回答“Soeasy?”可知，這個(gè)操作程序應(yīng)是非常簡(jiǎn)單，“只需點(diǎn)擊”即是簡(jiǎn)單的操作，所以“simply”符合題意。故選A。3.—WeChatreallyinfluencespeople'slife.—________.It'seasierforustokeepintouchwithothers.A.Hardly B.Exactly C.Simply D.Recently【答案】B【詳解】句意：——微信真地影響了人們的生活?！_實(shí)如此。對(duì)我們來(lái)講保持與他人的聯(lián)系更容易了?？疾楦痹~辨析。Hardly幾乎不；Exactly確實(shí)如此；Simply簡(jiǎn)單地；Recently最近。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)“It'seasierforustokeepintouchwithothers.”可知是同意上面的說(shuō)法。故選B。4.—Look,Grandma!________clickonthisicon,andthenyoucantalktothedoctor.—Soeasy?DoIneedaspecialnumberorsomething?A.Simple B.Simply C.Easy D.Easily【答案】B【詳解】句意：——看，奶奶！只要點(diǎn)擊這個(gè)圖標(biāo)，然后你就可以和醫(yī)生說(shuō)話了。——這么簡(jiǎn)單？我需要一個(gè)特別的號(hào)碼還是什么？考查副詞辨析。simple簡(jiǎn)單的；simply僅僅，只要；easy容易的；easily容易地。句中clickonthisicon是祈使句，句式結(jié)構(gòu)完整，所以此處可以使用副詞修飾整個(gè)句子，所以排除A和C；根據(jù)句中“Soeasy?”可知，此處使用simply，表示“只要點(diǎn)擊這個(gè)圖標(biāo)，然后你就可以和醫(yī)生說(shuō)話了，和醫(yī)生說(shuō)話真的很簡(jiǎn)單”。故選B。七、succeedv.成功【教材原句】Asaresult,hesucceededingettingascholarship.因此他成功地獲得了獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金?！境Ｒ娪梅ā縮ucceed作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“成功”，其過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞為succeeded.succeedinsth意為“在某方面成功”；succeedindoingsth意為“成功地做某事”。HesucceededinpassingtheEnglishexam.他成功地通過(guò)了英語(yǔ)考試?！韭?lián)想拓展】success作名詞，意為“成功；成功的人或事”，agreatsuccess意為“非常成功”；successful作形容詞，意為“成功的；有成就的”，在句中常作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)；successfully作副詞，意為“成功地”。Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失敗乃成功之母。Heisasuccessfulactor.他是個(gè)成功的演員。Thegirlsuccessfullyswamtothebank.這個(gè)女孩成功地游到了岸邊。Note:“成功地做某事”可以表達(dá)為succeedindoingsth,havesuccessindoingsth,besuccessfulindoingsth或dosthsuccessfully.【典例解讀】1.Thereisnodoubtthatthebookisagreat（succeed).【解析】設(shè)空處需要用名詞作表語(yǔ)，故填success.【答案】success2.﹣HappyNewYear!I_____you______andhappinessallyearround!﹣Thankyou!Thesametoyou!A.wish,successfully B.wish,successC.hope,success【答案】B【解析】句意：新年快樂(lè)，我祝你全年成功并開心。wish祝福，希望（后可接雙賓語(yǔ)），hope希望（后不可以接雙賓語(yǔ)）；success成功，名詞；successfully成功地，副詞，此題考查固定用法wishsb.sth，故第一個(gè)空填wish，此題第二個(gè)空and后面用了名詞happiness，可知此空應(yīng)該用名詞形式，and連接兩個(gè)詞前后形式一致，故填success；故選B。3.—Howdifficulttheroadto________is!—Soitis!Youneedlotsofhardworkto________.A.success;succeed B.succeed;success C.successful;succeed D.success;successful【答案】A【詳解】句意：——通往成功的道路是多么艱難??！——確實(shí)如此！你想要成功就得需要努力做很多工作?？疾槊~和動(dòng)詞。success成功，名詞；succeed成功，動(dòng)詞；successful成功的，形容詞。theroadto意為“通往……的路”，后面應(yīng)該加名詞success，故B、C選項(xiàng)可排除。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，第二個(gè)空應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞succeed，故選A。4.—Doyouknowthe________of________?—Ithinkit’salittledifficultforme.A.mean;succeed B.meaning;successC.meaning;succeed D.mean;successful【答案】B【詳解】句意：——你知道成功的意義嗎？——我認(rèn)為對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō)有點(diǎn)難?？疾楣潭ù钆洹.meanv.意思;succeedv.成功；B.meaningn.意思;successn.成功；C.meaningn.意思;succeedv.成功；D.meanv.意思;successfuladj.成功的。表示……的意義或者意思，用themeaningof+名詞。成功的名稱形式是success。故選B。八、remainv.逗留；保持不變【教材原句】HeremainedthereforaboutayearbeforetheNBAtooknoticeofhim.在全國(guó)籃球協(xié)會(huì)注意到他之前，他在那里待了大約一年?！境Ｒ娪梅ā縭emain是不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“逗留；保持不變”，常與表示地點(diǎn)的副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)連用。Iwastooilltoremainathome.我病得太重，不能待在家里了?！疽谆毂嫖觥縭emain與stay的用法區(qū)別1.remain表示“待在某地”，多用于書面語(yǔ)中，較正式。2.stay一般指在特定時(shí)間不離開某地?！韭?lián)想拓展】①remain作不及物動(dòng)詞，還可意為“剩余；遺留；繼續(xù)存在”。Verylittleofthehouseremainedafterthefire.火災(zāi)之后，這座房子所剩無(wú)幾。②remain作動(dòng)詞，還可意為“尚待（處理）”，常用于“sthremain(s)tobe+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中。Thisremainstobeproved.這有待證實(shí)。③remain作連系動(dòng)詞，意為“仍然是；保持不變”，強(qiáng)調(diào)保持某種狀態(tài)，其后接形容詞、名詞等作表語(yǔ)。Thewindowremainedopen.窗戶還開著?！镜淅庾x】1.Theplaneonthegroundforanothertwohoursbecauseofthebadweather.A.ranB.movedC.shookD.remained【解析】句意為：由于天氣不好，飛機(jī)在地面又兩個(gè)小時(shí)。由語(yǔ)境可知，空處應(yīng)用remain表示“逗留”?！敬鸢浮緿2.Thepalacecaughtfirethreetimesinthelastcenturyandlittleoftheoriginalbuildingnow.A.remains B.isremainedC.isremaining D.hasbeenremained【答案】A【詳解】句意：上個(gè)世紀(jì)這個(gè)宮殿著火三次，現(xiàn)在原來(lái)的建筑物很少留下。根據(jù)building和remains之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)句意可知是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)littleoftheoriginalbuilding不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；故選A3.Hehadtoinhospitaluntilhewasbetter.A.remain B.beremainedC.remaining D.Remained【答案】A【詳解】句意：他不得不呆在醫(yī)院里直到他更好一些。Remain是保持或停留等意思，是系動(dòng)詞，所以沒(méi)有被動(dòng)，根據(jù)題干分析haveto應(yīng)加動(dòng)詞原形，所以選A。4.Verylittleofthehouse_________nowbecauseitcaughtfirelastweek.A.remains B.isremaining C.isremained D.remained【答案】A【詳解】句意：因?yàn)樯现苁Щ?，這座房子現(xiàn)在幾乎沒(méi)剩下什么了?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。remains保留，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；isremaining保留，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；isremained保留是不及物動(dòng)詞，沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；remained保留，一般過(guò)去時(shí)。根據(jù)句意表示現(xiàn)在這座房子幾乎沒(méi)剩下什么了，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，房子和保留之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。故選A。九、againstprep.對(duì)抗；與·······相反；違反【教材原句】...hescored41pointsinagameagainsttheAtlantaHawks.······在和亞特蘭大鷹隊(duì)的一場(chǎng)比賽中他得了41分?！境Ｒ娪梅ā縜gainst作介詞，意為“對(duì)抗；與·······相反；違反”，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞－ing形式。beagainst意為“反對(duì)”，其反義詞是befor,意為“同意；贊成”。Thereare26votesforhimand8againsthim.有26票贊成他，8票反對(duì)他。WearegoingtoplayagainstNo.2MiddleSchool.我們將同第二中學(xué)比賽。【聯(lián)想拓展】against作介詞時(shí)，還可意為“緊靠；碰；撞”。Heputtheladderagainstthewall.他把梯子靠在墻上。Hehitagainstthetree.他撞到了樹上?！镜淅庾x】1.We'llplaybasketballClass3tomorrow.A.overB.againstC.toD.for【解析】句意為：明天我們將與三班進(jìn)行籃球賽。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)用介詞against表示“對(duì)抗”?！敬鸢浮緽2.LiuYusaidthathewasserious________beingaprofessionalrunnerandhisparentshadnothing________hisrunning.A.about;for B.of;againstC.about;against D.of;for【答案】C【詳解】試題分析：句意：劉燁說(shuō)他對(duì)成為一名職業(yè)的賽跑者很認(rèn)真，他的父母不反對(duì)他跑步。根據(jù)短語(yǔ)beseriousabout…對(duì)……認(rèn)真；havenothingagainstdoing表示不反對(duì)做某事。根據(jù)題意故選C。考點(diǎn)：考查介詞的用法。3.Heclimbeduptheladder(梯子)________thewallandwentintotheroom________thewindow.A.through;against B.against;through C.against;against D.through;through【答案】B【詳解】句意：他爬上靠墻的梯子，從窗戶進(jìn)了房間?？疾榻樵~辨析。against倚；through通過(guò)。根據(jù)“theladder…thewall”可知，第一個(gè)空表示“倚著墻”，所以第一個(gè)空填against。根據(jù)“wentintotheroom…thewindow”可知，從窗戶進(jìn)了房間，所以第二個(gè)空填through，故選B。4.—DidYaoMingplay________theHoustonRockets?—Yes,andhisteamoftenplayed________thefamousteams,suchastheLakers.A.against;for B.for;against C.for;for D.against;against【答案】B【詳解】句意：——姚明為休斯頓火箭隊(duì)效力嗎？——是的，他的球隊(duì)經(jīng)常和著名的球隊(duì)比賽，比如湖人隊(duì)。考查介詞。playfor為……打球；playagainst和……比賽（側(cè)重于對(duì)手之間的比賽）；根據(jù)“theHoustonRockets”可知，第一空表達(dá)的是“為休斯頓火箭隊(duì)打球”，故用介詞for；根據(jù)“histeam...thefamousteams,suchastheLakers.”可知，此處說(shuō)的是“和著名的球隊(duì)比賽”，用介詞against，故選B。十、breakout爆發(fā)【教材原句】WorldWarIIbrokeoutinEuropein1939andendedin1945.第二次世界大戰(zhàn)1939年在歐洲爆發(fā)，1945年結(jié)束。【常見用法】breakout意為“（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)等）爆發(fā)”。break作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“破碎；損壞；斷裂”，通常由物作主語(yǔ)。Hethoughtthatawarwouldbreakout.他認(rèn)為戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)將要爆發(fā)。Glassbreakseasily.玻璃易碎?！韭?lián)想拓展】含有break的其他常見短語(yǔ)：breakup(婚姻、關(guān)系等）破裂；（會(huì)議或派對(duì)）結(jié)束breakinto闖入breakoff斷絕（關(guān)系）；折斷breakdown(機(jī)器、車輛等）壞掉；出故障【典例解讀】1.OnApril15,2019,afireinNotreDameCathedral,acathedralwithalonghistoryintheheartofParis.A.ranoutB.brokeoutC.turnedoutD.carriedout【解析】句意為：在2019年4月15日，一場(chǎng)火災(zāi)發(fā)生在巴黎圣母院，一座位于巴黎市中心的有著悠久歷史的教堂里。runout意為“用完”；breakout意為“爆發(fā)”；turnout意為“結(jié)果為”；carryout意為“執(zhí)行”。由主語(yǔ)afire及語(yǔ)境可知應(yīng)用breakout表示“爆發(fā)”?！敬鸢浮緽2.Aquarrel________betweenthecouple.Itmadetheirsonbreakawayfromhisfamily.A.brokeinto B.brokein C.brokedown D.brokeout【答案】D【詳解】句意：這對(duì)夫婦吵了一架。這使他們的兒子離家出走。A.brokeinto闖入；B.brokein打斷、闖入；C.brokedown出故障；D.brokeout爆發(fā)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境應(yīng)是”爆發(fā)”之意。故選D。3.Aquarrel________betweenthecouple,whichmadetheirsonbreakawayfromthefamily.A.brokeinto B.brokeup C.brokedown D.brokeout【答案】D【詳解】句意：這對(duì)夫婦吵架了，使他們的兒子離家出走了?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。brokeinto闖入；brokeup分手；brokedown損壞；brokeout爆發(fā)，根據(jù)所給空前面的thequarrel可知，brokeout最符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。4.Afight_________betweenthecouple,whichmadetheirsonbreakawayfromhisfamily.A.brokeintoB.brokeinC.brokedownD.brokeout【答案】D【解析】試題分析：句意：在這對(duì)夫妻之間的爭(zhēng)吵爆發(fā)了，那使得他們的兒子離家出走了。A.brokeinto闖入；B.brokein插入；C.brokedown壞了；D.brokeout爆發(fā)。結(jié)合句意，故選D?？键c(diǎn)：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的用法。綜合提升變式練一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.—Wheneveryouhaveanytrouble,youcancallme.—Ofcourse,thankyou.A.Nomatterwhat B.NomatterwhoC.Nomatterwhen D.Nomatterwhere2.Wheneveryou________apresent,you’dbetterthinkaboutitfromthereceiver’spreference.A.bought B.buy C.willbuy D.havebought3.Itisgenerallytobewrongtogiveachildheorshewants.A.consider;with B.considering;whatC.considered;whatever D.considers;whenever4.—Yangzhouissobeautiful,isn’tit?—Yes.Ariverruns_______thecity,andtherearemanybeautifulbridges_______it.A.across;through B.through;over C.through;through D.across;over5.Theriverruns________thesmallcityandthemancanswim________it.A.across;through B.through;through C.through;across D.across;across6.Theyspent______moneyonthenewhospital.A.agreatdeal B.agooddealC.agreatmany D.agreatdealof7._________offoodhasbeensenttothepoorarea.A.Anumber B.AgreatdealC.Lot D.Many8.Theyounggirldid________preparationworkforherspeechbeforeshestoodonthestageconfidently.A.agreatdeal B.agreatdealofC.agreatmany D.anumberof9.Marydecidedtoforajobatanafter-schoolreadingprogramlastyear.A.tryout B.handoutC.giveout D.takeout10.He_______theschoolfootballteamandhemadeit.Nowheisontheteam.A.changedhismindof B.triedoutfor C.tooknoticeof D.diedfrom11.Theleader_________backwhenhefinisheshisvisitstoothercountries.A.come B.came C.willcome D.comes12.WechooseTom______ourleader.Buthedoesn’thaveconfidence_____himself.A.as;in B.for;in C.as;of D.to;in13.-