廣東省2024屆高三下學期二模英語試題

廣東省2024屆高三下學期二模英語試題姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________題號一二三四五總分評分一、閱讀，第一節(jié)，閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀理解VolunteerArt&ArchitectureTourGuideforBostonPublicLibrary,CopleySquareThegoalistogeneratepublicinterestinthehistory,art,andarchitectureofBostonPublicLibrary,includingitsspecialcollectionsandexhibitionsattheCentralLibraryinCopleySquare.ROLEANDEXPECTATIONS●ToconductpublicandprivategrouptoursoftheCentralLibrary'sart,architecture,andexhibitions,answeringquestionsfromgroupsandrecordingattendancestatisticsaftertoursconclude.●Tocontinuetoinformoneselfoftheart,architecture,history,holdings,andexhibitionsofBostonPublicLibrary.QUALIFICATIONS●Interestinhistory,art,andarchitectureingeneral,andofBostonPublicLibraryinparticular.●Confidenceinaddressingandpresentinginformationtolargegroups;priorguidingorpublicspeakingexperiencedesirable.●AstrongcommandoftheEnglishlanguageisrequired,andfluencyinotherlanguagesishighlypreferred.TRAININGAcceptedcandidateswillbeaskedtoattendtourguidetrainingmeetings.Newguidesareexpectedtocompletetrainingaroundfourmonths.Progressevaluationswillbeongoingthroughoutthetrainingperiod,andcontinuethroughthefirstsixmonthsofworkingasafullguide.REQUIREMENTS●Minimumcommitmentoftwotourspermonth(or24toursperyear).●Commitmenttoattendingtourguidemeetingsandenrichmentprogramsforcontinuingeducation.REVIEWRegularassessmentsandevaluationswillbeconductedbasedontheabovecriteriatoensurethatvolunteersmeetthenecessaryqualifications.Interestedcandidatesshouldcompletetheapplicationformbelowandsendittotours@.1．Whatdoesavolunteertourguideneedtodoaftertours?A．Ensuresafetyoftheartworks.B．Maintaincleannessofthehall.C．Documentthenumbersofvisitors.D．Answerquestionsaboutqualifications.2．Howlongwilltheprogressevaluationslast?A．4months. B．6months. C．10months. D．12months.3．Whichwillresultinapoorreviewoftheposition?A．Insufficient(不足的)workinghours.B．Absenceofasecondlanguage.C．Littlerelevantvolunteerexperience.D．Limitedknowledgeaboutexhibitions.閱讀理解Asamushroomscientist,youarevastlyoutnumbered,withestimatessuggestingthattherearebetween2.2millionand3.8millionspeciesoffungi(真菌),themajorityofwhichareyettobeidentified.However,professionalsinthefieldarenotaloneintheireffortstouncovernewspecies.Anenthusiasticcommunityofamateurshasemerged,bridgingthegapbetweenprofessionalsandnon-professionals.Theseamateurshaveevenmadesignificantdiscoveries.OnesuchamateurisTaylorLockwood,a74-year-oldmushroomenthusiastandprofessionalphotographer.In1984,whilelivingontheMendocinocoastofCalifornia,TaylorLockwooddevelopedafascinationwithmushrooms."Outsidemycottageweretheseamazingmushrooms,"hesays."Anditwasasifthesemushroomslookedatmeandsaid,‘Taylor,gooutandtelltheworldhowprettyweare.'"Lockwoodansweredtheircallandpurchasedcameraequipmenttocapturetheirtruenature.Hispassionforphotographingmushroomswassointensethathewouldevendigholesnexttothemushroomstogettheperfectangleforhisshots.IntheMonongahelaNationalForest,TaylorLockwooddiscoveredanunusualmushroomthatlookedliketinyfingerswearingoff-whitegloves.Uponfurtherinvestigation,fungiresearcherAmyRossmanconfirmedthatitwasa"hazelglove"mushroom,whichisararefind."Mushroomsarenotlikeplants,"Rossmansays."Theydon'tcomeupatthesametimeeveryyear,andsosometimesitcanbedecadesbetweenwhenafungusfruits."Rossmansaysthat'swhyit'ssovaluabletohavepeoplelikeTaylorLockwoodsearchingthroughtheforestwithatrainedeye.Afewyearsago,TaylorLockwoodrealizedthatstillphotosweren'tsufficient,sohechosetocreatetime-lapse(延時拍攝的)videosofmushrooms."WhenIdotime-lapse,Iseesomuchlifehappeningaroundthemushrooms—insects,wormsandothersmallcreaturesinteractingwiththem,"hesays.Lockwood'sloveforartisevidentinhisapproachtofilmingmushroomsovertime.Althoughheappreciatesthescientificaspectofhiswork,heidentifieshimselfasanartistatheart.4．Whatcanwelearnaboutmushroomamateursfromparagraph1?A．Theykeepclosetrackofthegrowthoffungi.B．Theyhelpidentifynewspeciesofmushroom.C．Theyreplaceprofessionalscientistsinthefield.D．Theyclassifythemajorityofmushroomspecies.5．WhatinspiredLockwoodtophotographmushrooms?A．Hisdesireforknowledge.B．Hiscuriosityaboutnature.C．Thebeautyofnearbymushrooms.D．Theappealofoutdoorphotography.6．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLockwoodaccordingtoparagraph3?A．Skilledandobservant. B．Focusedandflexible.C．Talentedandoptimistic. D．Organizedandresponsible.7．WhydidLockwooddecidetomaketime-lapsevideosofmushrooms?A．Toimprovehisphotographytechniques.B．Tocapturedynamiclifeinanartisticway.C．Tocollectbiologicaldataforfurtherresearch.D．Toadoptanewapproachtoscientificstudies.閱讀理解Whenweencounteratroublesomeproblem,weoftengatheragrouptobrainstorm.However,substantialevidencehasshownthatwhenwegenerateideastogether,wefailtomaximizecollectiveintelligence.Tounearththehiddenpotentialinteams,we'rebetteroffshiftingtoaprocesscalled"brainwriting".Youstartbyaskinggroupmemberstowritedownwhatisgoingonintheirbrainsseparately.Next,youpoolthemandsharethemamongthegroupwithouttellingtheauthors.Then,eachmemberevaluatesthemonhisorherown,onlyafterwhichdotheteammemberscometogethertoselectandimprovethemostpromisingoptions.Bydevelopingandassessingideasindividuallybeforechoosingandexpandingonthem,theteamcansurfaceandadvancepossibilitiesthatmightnotgetattentionotherwise.Anexampleofgreatbrainwritingwasin2010when33minersweretrappedundergroundinChile.Giventheurgencyofthesituation,therescueteamdidn'tholdbrainstormingsessions.Rather,theyestablishedaglobalbrainwritingsystemtogenerateindividualideas.A24-year-oldengineercameupwithatinyplastictelephone.Thisspecializedtoolendedupbecomingtheonlymeansofcommunicatingwiththeminers,makingitpossibletosavethem.ResearchbyorganizationalbehaviorscholarAnitaWoolleyandhercolleagueshelpstoexplainwhythismethodworks.Theyfindthatthekeytocollectiveintelligenceisbalancedparticipation.Inbrainstormingmeetings,it'stooeasyforparticipationtobecomeone-sidedinfavoroftheloudestvoices.Thebrainwritingprocessensuresthatallideasarebroughttothetableandallvoicesarebroughtintoconversation.Thegoalisn'ttobethesmartestpersonintheroom.It'stomaketheroomsmarter.Collectiveintelligencebeginswithindividualcreativity,butitdoesn'tendthere.Individualsproduceagreatervolumeandvarietyofnovelideaswhentheyworkalone.Thatmeanstheynotonlycomeupwithmorebrilliantideasthangroupsbutalsomoreterribleideas.Therefore,ittakescollectivejudgmenttofindthesignalinthenoiseandbringoutthebestideas.8．Whatisspecialaboutbrainwritingcomparedwithbrainstorming?A．Ithighlightsindependentwork.B．Itencouragesgroupcooperation.C．Itprioritizesqualityoverquantity.D．Itpreferswritingtooralexchanges.9．WhydoestheauthormentiontheChileminingaccidentinparagraph3?A．Tointroduceatooldevelopedduringbrainwriting.B．Topraiseayoungmanwithbrainwritingtechnique.C．Toillustrateasuccessfulapplicationofbrainwriting.D．Toexplaintheroleofbrainwritingincommunication.10．Howdoesbrainwritingpromotecollectiveintelligenceaccordingtoparagraph4?A．Byblockingtheloudestvoices.B．Byallowingequalinvolvement.C．Byimprovingindividualwisdom.D．Bygeneratingmorecreativeideas.11．Whichstepofbrainwritingdoestheauthorstressinthelastparagraph?A．Individualwriting. B．Groupsharing.C．Personalevaluation. D．Jointdiscussion.閱讀理解AsmostAmericansspendatleast50%oftheirfoodbudgetdiningout,publiccriticismfallsonrestaurantstohelpconsumersmakehealthierfoodchoices.TheMenuLabelingFinalRulehascomeintoeffect,requiringrestaurantswithmorethan20locationstoshowthecaloriesoffoodonmenus.Byrepresentingthesevaluesinadiscrepantway—usingphysicallylargernumbersonthepageforlower-calorieoptions,andsmallernumbersforhigh-caloriefoods—businessescanshiftcustomers'preferencestowardhealthierfood,accordingtoRuiyingCaifromtheWashingtonStateUniversity.Intheirstudy,Caiandhercolleaguesaskedparticipantstochoosebetweenalesshealthyitemandahealthieroptionafterrandomlyassigningthemtotwogroups.Inthefirstgroup,caloriecountsandfont(字體)sizesroseandfelltogether.Inthesecondgroup,thesizebecamelargerasthecaloriecountfell.Researchersalsoaskedparticipantsquestionstoassesstheirhealth-consciousness.Resultsshowedparticipantsinthesecondgroup,whosawlowcaloriecountsprintedinlargesizes,weremorelikelytoadoptthehealthieroption.Moreover,lesshealth-consciousparticipantswerethemostaffected,whilepeoplewithmorehealthawarenesswerelessinfluencedsincetheyalreadyfavoredhealthierfood.ThisresearchadjustedcustomerbehaviorsbycreatingaStroopeffect.NamedafterpsychologistJ.RidleyStroop,theStroopeffectreferstoadelayinreactiontomismatchinitsclassicform.Forexample,iftheword"purple"iswritteningreen,ittakesrespondentslongertimetoidentifythecolorthanifthewordandthecolormatch.Similarly,theeffectisobservedwhenthephysicalsizeofthenumberdoesnotmatchitsnumberinthisstudy."Restaurantsareinterestedinencouragingcustomerstomakehealthierchoices,"Caisaid.However,simplylabelingthefoodashealthymaynothavetheintendedeffect."Healthyfooditemscouldbeprofitableforrestaurants,butwhenevera‘healthy'labelisattached,peoplemayassumeitdoesnottastegood,"sheexplained."We'retryingtoproviderestaurantswithindirectsuggestions,ratherthansayingitoutloud."12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"discrepant"inparagraph2mean?A．Creative. B．Relative.C．Conflicting. D．Misleading13．Whichofthefollowingtypeofcustomerswouldbenefitmostfromtheresearch?A．Strictdietfollowers. B．Conveniencefoodfans.C．Homemademeallovers. D．Healthmagazinereaders.14．Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A．Thesignificanceofresearchresults.B．Themeasurementofresponsedelays.C．Thepsychologicalbasisofthestudydesign.D．TheinfluentialvariationsoftheStroopeffect.15．WhichofthefollowingmightbeCai'ssuggestionforrestaurants?A．Usefontmagictodrivehealthierchoices.B．Paymoreattentiontothetasteofthefood.C．Createaquietdiningatmosphereforcustomers.D．Attach"healthy"labelstothefoodonthemenu.二、第二部分，閱讀，第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ArtificialIntelligence(AI)geolocation(互聯(lián)網(wǎng)定位技術(shù))solutionsarechangingthewayresearcherstrackandmonitorwildlife,enablingmorepowerfulconservationefforts.Thesesystemsuseadvancedsensors,satelliteimagery,andmachinelearningalgorithms(算法)togatherreal-timedataonanimalmovements,habitatpreferences,andmigrationpatterns.16．Traditionaltrackingmethodsoftenrelyonnon-automatictrackingorinconvenientnecklace-likesystems,whichmaycausestressanddiscomforttotheanimals.17．Thedevicescanworkastagsandthecameratrapscanbesetupremotely,whichdecreaseshumanimpactonwildlife.Inaddition,AI-powereddevicescollectandanalyzedataprecisely.Throughtheirassistance,scientistscangaininsightsintohabitatchoicesandevaluatetheeffectofglobalwarmingonwildanimallocations.18．Forexample,byanalyzingthecollecteddata,conservationistscanpromotetargetedhabitatrestorationeffortsaccordingtothepatternsandconnectionstheydiscoveredwiththehelpofAIgeolocationdevices.19．Bymonitoringanimals'behavioralchangesinreal-time,researcherscanquicklydetectsignsofenvironmentalissues.Suddenchangesinananimal'smovementscouldindicatethreatsorproblems.Researcherscanthenrespondimmediately,potentiallysavingtheanimal'slife.Sharinggeolocationdatathroughonlineplatformscanalsohelpraiseawarenessaboutprotectingendangeredspecies.20．Thishelpthemfeelmoreconnectedtotheissueswildlifefaceinhabitats.Thebondpromotesasenseofresponsibilityamongindividualsandencouragesthemtocontributetowildlifeconservationeffortsthroughvariousmeans,suchasdonations,volunteerwork,andsoon.A.Thisknowledgeenablesthemtomakeaccurateandefficientdecisions.B.However,AItrackingdoesnotrequiredisturbingcontactwiththeanimals.C.AImonitoringneedsfewerbatteryreplacementsthanthetraditionalmethods.D.Thesolutionshaveofferedthefollowingkeybenefitstowildlifeconservation.E.Directlyengagingwithconservationeffortsgivespeopleafirst-handexperience.F.TheAIgeolocationtechnologysignificantlyreducestheneedformassivefieldwork.G.Withreal-timedata,theAIsolutionsalsofunctionasanearlywarningforwildliferisks.三、語言運用，第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。LaurenSchroederwasvolunteeringatacommunityfoodbankatage14.Assheflledbagswith21．groceries,shenoticedthattherewereplentyoffoodthatcameincansandboxes,butshedidn'tseeanything.22．a(chǎn)ndhealthytogivetofamiliesinneed.Inspiredtomakea23．,shetoldherparentsthatshewantedtostartavegetablegardenontheirfarm,sothatpeoplecouldgetthe24．theyneeded.Althoughtheywere25．,herparentsmadeherawareofhowmuchworkitwouldtake.Still,theteenagerwasupforthe26．.Laurenmanagedtoreceivea(n)27．fromayouthorganizationtopayforseedsandgardening28．.Shedidalotofresearchonlinetofindoutwhatplants29．a(chǎn)ndwhatdidn't,whatneededshade,andwhichonesneededmorewater.Overthehotanddrysummer,she30．hercropsforweedsandwateredthembyhandeveryday.Herfirstharvestresultedin40poundsofproducethatshethen31．gaveawaytolocalfoodbanks,asoupkitchen,andanursinghome.More32．thanever,sherelaunchedherproject,doublingthesizeofhergardenand33．hervegetableselection.Sofar,shehasspentover1,000hoursworkinginhergardenanddonated7,000poundsofhome-grownproduce."Ilove34．,"saidLauren,now17."Manypeoplehelpyouout,butitmakesmore35．whenyouhelpotherpeopleout."21．A．preserved B．donated C．selected D．traded22．A．necessary B．beautiful C．valuable D．fresh23．A．change B．request C．choice D．profit24．A．guidance B．information C．nutrition D．service25．A．supportive B．doubtful C．protective D．mindful26．A．competition B．performance C．a(chǎn)ssignment D．challenge27．A．invitation B．fund C．opinion D．certificate28．A．methods B．products C．supplies D．lessons29．A．worked B．developed C．happened D．improved30．A．a(chǎn)rranged B．checked C．prepared D．exchanged31．A．carefully B．secretly C．temporarily D．generously32．A．a(chǎn)mused B．relieved C．motivated D．exhausted33．A．expanding B．a(chǎn)ssessing C．presenting D．defending34．A．movingon B．weighingup C．showingoff D．givingback35．A．effort B．difference C．money D．progress四、語言運用，第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Withover1.5millionfansonChinesesocialmediaplatforms,RachellabelsherselfasaGerman-Americanvlogger(視頻博主)whospeaksChinese.36．manymaynotknowisthatshespentherchildhoodinGuangdongand37．(call)Chinaherhomesincetheageofsix.Rachel'sjourneyasa38．(create)ofdigitalcontentbeganduringhertimeatXiamenUniversity,whenshestartedsharingvideosabouthereverydaylifeandhottopicsinChina.39．(film)influentMandarin,occasionallywithaCantoneseaccent,hervideosquicklycapturedtheinterestofmanyviewers.Rachel'sexceptionalcommandoftheChineselanguagehasopeneddoors40．excitingjobopportunities.In2022,shebecamethefirstregularfemaleguestonaculturalinterviewprograminChina41．featuresforeignersasthemainguests.Herpopularity42．(boost)furtherin2023,thankstoMyGuangdongStory,43．six-episodedocumentaryseriesthatexploredthelivesofforeignersinGuangdong."IamactuallyaCantonese,andGuangdongismyhome,"Rachelshares44．(warm).Withherpassion,languageskills,andgenuineloveforChina,Rachelcontinuestoinspirehervastonlinecommunity,45．(bridge)culturesandbuildingconnectionsacrossborders五、寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)46．假定你是李華，學校正通過校英文報向同學們征集暑期學生社會實踐活動的建議。請你寫一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容包括：

1.活動建議；

2.活動意義；

3.你的期待。注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearEditor,……Sincerelyyours,LiHua47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。WhenIwassevenyearsold,myfamilymovedfromMexicotoAmerica.InMexico,Iwasacheerfulgirlwholovedmakingpeoplelaughwithmyjokesandinventingfungamestoplaywithmyfriends.However,whenIarrivedinAmerica,Ifoundithardtofitin,andIbecamequieter.Welivedinasmallhousewithamodestyardwherewegrewvegetables—myresponsibility.WhileItookprideinwatchingthemgrow,thereweretimeswhenIdreamedofhavingabeautifulgardenlikemyschoolmateLuella's,withitsdelicatetulips(郁金香).AlthoughLuellalivedinthesameneighborhoodasme,webarelykneweachother.ItwasafteratornadothatLuellaandIfinallybecameclosefriends.ThetornadostruckonaSundayafternoon.Thegentlebreezetransformedintoastrongwind,andthickgraycloudsfilledthesky.Gradually,thetornadotookshape,startingasathinropeandgrowingintoalargeblackfunnel(漏斗).Myentirefamilygatheredinthebathroom,seekingshelterfromthestorm.Terrified,Isatclosetomymom,kneesinmychest.Afterthestormhadpassed,ourworriesandfearswerereplacedbyreliefthatwewereunharmedandthatourhousehadremainedundamaged.AsIsteppedoutside,Iwitnessedtheextentofthedamagethetornadohadcausedtoourneighborhood.Acrossthestreet,atalltreehadfallen,crushingLuella'sgardeninfrontofheryellowhouse.Wehurriedovertocheckonit.Fortunately,herfamilyseemedtobeawayatthetime,andnoonewasinjured.However,heronce-beautifulgardenwasinruins,withthefallentreedestroyingthetulipsanddebris(碎片)spreadeverywhere.Icouldonlyimaginehowheartbrokentheymustfeelseeingthis.Thenmymom'susualwordsranginmyear,"Itismoreblessedtogivethantoreceive,"andmyfamilystartedtothinkabouthowwecouldhelp.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Justatthatmoment,Luella'sfamilyreturnedintheircar.……Evenafterthedebriswascleared,IcouldstillsenseLuella'ssorrowforherlostgarden.

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．C3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了波士頓公共圖書館中央館志愿導游的職責、資格、培訓和評估要求。

【點評】考查閱讀理解，包含細節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進行理解。1．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)ROLEANDEXPECTATIONS部分中的"ToconductpublicandprivategrouptoursoftheCentralLibrary'sart,architecture,andexhibitions,answeringquestionsfromgroupsandrecordingattendancestatisticsaftertoursconclude."帶領(lǐng)公眾和私人團體參觀中央圖書館的藝術(shù)、建筑和展覽，回答團體的問題，并在參觀結(jié)束后記錄參觀人數(shù)。可知，導游需要在參觀結(jié)束后記錄參觀者的人數(shù)。故選C。2．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)TRAINING部分中的"Newguidesareexpectedtocompletetrainingaroundfourmonths.Progressevaluationswillbeongoingthroughoutthetrainingperiod,andcontinuethroughthefirstsixmonthsofworkingasafullguide."新導游預計將在四個月左右完成培訓。在整個培訓期間將持續(xù)進行進度評價，并在工作的頭六個月期間作為全面指導繼續(xù)進行。可知，訓練期預計持續(xù)四個月，之后新導游在開始完整工作的頭六個月內(nèi)繼續(xù)進行評估。因此，總的評估期為4個月的訓練加上6個月的新工作期，共計10個月。故選C。3．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)REQUIREMENTS部分中的"Minimumcommitmentoftwotourspermonth(or24toursperyear)."每月最少承諾兩次旅游(或每年24次)?？芍?，需要每個月最少完成兩次導覽，若未達到這個最低工作時數(shù)，則可能會導致差評。故選A?！敬鸢浮?．B5．C6．A7．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了TaylorLockwood，一名蘑菇愛好者和攝影師，在真菌學領(lǐng)域做出了重大貢獻。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇人物類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"However,professionalsinthefieldarenotaloneintheireffortstouncovernewspecies.Anenthusiasticcommunityofamateurshasemerged,bridgingthegapbetweenprofessionalsandnon-professionals.Theseamateurshaveevenmadesignificantdiscoveries."然而，在發(fā)現(xiàn)新物種的努力中，該領(lǐng)域的專業(yè)人士并不孤單。一個熱情的業(yè)余愛好者社區(qū)已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)，彌合了專業(yè)人士和非專業(yè)人士之間的差距。這些業(yè)余愛好者甚至有了重大發(fā)現(xiàn)。可知，蘑菇愛好者們在探索新真菌品種方面有重大發(fā)現(xiàn)，故選B。5．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"In1984,whilelivingontheMendocinocoastofCalifornia,TaylorLockwooddevelopedafascinationwithmushrooms.‘Outsidemycottageweretheseamazingmushrooms,'hesays.‘Anditwasasifthesemushroomslookedatmeandsaid,‘Taylor,gooutandtelltheworldhowprettyweare.'"1984年，泰勒·洛克伍德(TaylorLockwood)住在加利福尼亞州的門多西諾海岸，對蘑菇產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣。"我的小屋外面有這些神奇的蘑菇，"他說。"就好像這些蘑菇看著我說，‘泰勒，出去告訴世界我們有多漂亮。'可知，小屋附近蘑菇的美讓Taylor決定用相機去拍攝它們，故選C。6．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"IntheMonongahelaNationalForest,TaylorLockwooddiscoveredanunusualmushroomthatlookedliketinyfingerswearingoff-whitegloves."在莫農(nóng)加希拉國家森林，泰勒·洛克伍德(TaylorLockwood)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種不尋常的蘑菇，看起來像戴著灰白色手套的小手指?？芍?，Taylor在森林里發(fā)現(xiàn)了稀有的蘑菇品種；以及"‘Theydon'tcomeupatthesametimeeveryyear,andsosometimesitcanbedecadesbetweenwhenafungusfruits.'Rossmansaysthat'swhyit'ssovaluabletohavepeoplelikeTaylorLockwoodsearchingthroughtheforestwithatrainedeye.""它們不會每年在同一時間出現(xiàn)，所以有時真菌結(jié)出果實之間可能需要幾十年的時間。"羅斯曼說，這就是為什么像泰勒·洛克伍德這樣的人用訓練有素的眼睛在森林中搜索如此有價值的原因。可推知，Taylor是一個有經(jīng)驗且善于觀察的人，故選A。7．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"‘WhenIdotime-lapse,Iseesomuchlifehappeningaroundthemushrooms—insects,wormsandothersmallcreaturesinteractingwiththem,'hesays.Lockwood'sloveforartisevidentinhisapproachtofilmingmushroomsovertime.Althoughheappreciatesthescientificaspectofhiswork,heidentifieshimselfasanartistatheart.""當我進行延時攝影時，我看到蘑菇周圍發(fā)生了很多生命——昆蟲、蠕蟲和其他小生物與它們互動，"他說。洛克伍德對藝術(shù)的熱愛體現(xiàn)在他隨著時間的推移拍攝蘑菇的方法上。盡管他欣賞自己作品的科學方面，但他將自己視為內(nèi)心的藝術(shù)家?？赏浦?，Taylor決定拍攝蘑菇的延時視頻是為了以藝術(shù)的方式捕捉動態(tài)生活，故選B?！敬鸢浮?．A9．C10．B11．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，大量證據(jù)表明，當我們運用頭腦風暴共同產(chǎn)生想法時，我們無法最大限度地提高集體智慧。為了挖掘團隊中隱藏的潛力，我們最好進行"書面頭腦風暴法"。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Youstartbyaskinggroupmemberstowritedownwhatisgoingonintheirbrainsseparately.Next,youpoolthemandsharethemamongthegroupwithouttellingtheauthors.Then,eachmemberevaluatesthemonhisorherown,onlyafterwhichdotheteammemberscometogethertoselectandimprovethemostpromisingoptions."你首先要求小組成員分別寫下他們大腦中發(fā)生的事情。接下來，你將它們匯集在一起，并在不告訴作者的情況下在小組中共享。然后，每個成員自己對其進行評估，只有在評估之后，團隊成員才會聚集在一起，選擇并改進最有希望的選項?？芍?，與頭腦風暴相比，書面頭腦風暴法的特別之處在于它強調(diào)獨立工作。故選A。9．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"Anexampleofgreatbrainwritingwasin2010when33minersweretrappedundergroundinChile."2010年，智利有33名礦工被困井下，這就是一個偉大的腦力寫作的例子?？赏浦?，作者在本段提到智利的采礦事故是為了說明書面頭腦風暴法的成功應(yīng)用。故選C。10．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的"Thebrainwritingprocessensuresthatallideasarebroughttothetableandallvoicesarebroughtintoconversation.Thegoalisn'ttobethesmartestpersonintheroom."書面頭腦風暴法確保所有的想法都能被帶到桌面上，所有的聲音都能被帶入對話。我們的目標不是成為房間里最聰明的人?？芍瑫骖^腦風暴法要求每個人都參與，貢獻自己的智慧。因此，通過允許平等參與促進集體智力。故選B。11．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段"Collectiveintelligencebeginswithindividualcreativity,butitdoesn'tendthere.Individualsproduceagreatervolumeandvarietyofnovelideaswhentheyworkalone.Thatmeanstheynotonlycomeupwithmorebrilliantideasthangroupsbutalsomoreterribleideas.Therefore,ittakescollectivejudgmenttofindthesignalinthenoiseandbringoutthebestideas."集體智慧始于個人創(chuàng)造力，但它并沒有就此結(jié)束。當個人獨自工作時，他們會產(chǎn)生更多的新穎想法。這意味著他們不僅提出了比團體更聰明的想法，而且提出了更可怕的想法。因此，需要集體判斷才能在噪聲中找到信號并提出最佳想法?？芍w智慧始于個人創(chuàng)造力，但是在個人產(chǎn)生想法后，要有集體判斷才能得到最佳想法。因此本段強調(diào)了共同討論的重要性。故選D。【答案】12．C13．B14．C15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一項關(guān)于在餐館食物消費上，顧客心理及消費行為的研究。

【點評】本題考點涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測和段落大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，首先要仔細閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關(guān)信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查詞義猜測。詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的"usingphysicallylargernumbersonthepageforlower-calorieoptions,andsmallernumbersforhigh-caloriefoods"在頁面上用較大的數(shù)字表示低熱量食物，用較小的數(shù)字表示高熱量食物，可知，字號大小與卡路里數(shù)值大小不匹配，即相互矛盾，可推知劃線詞discrepant是"矛盾，沖突"之意，故選C。13．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段"Resultsshowedparticipantsinthesecondgroup,whosawlowcaloriecountsprintedinlargesizes,weremorelikelytoadoptthehealthieroption.Moreover,lesshealth-consciousparticipantswerethemostaffected,whilepeoplewithmorehealthawarenesswerelessinfluencedsincetheyalreadyfavoredhealthierfood."結(jié)果顯示，第二組的參與者看到低卡路里計數(shù)打印成大尺寸，更有可能采用更健康的選擇。此外，健康意識較差的參與者受影響最大，而健康意識較強的人受影響較小，因為他們已經(jīng)喜歡更健康的食物。可知，健康意識薄弱的參與者最容易受影響。四個選項中方便食品愛好者的健康意識最為薄弱，故選B。14．考查段落大意。根據(jù)第五段中的"ThisresearchadjustedcustomerbehaviorsbycreatingaStroopeffect.."這項研究通過創(chuàng)造Stroop效應(yīng)來調(diào)整客戶行為，可知，本段介紹了研究背后的心理學基礎(chǔ)。故選C。15．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Healthyfooditemscouldbeprofitableforrestaurants,butwhenevera‘healthy'labelisattached,peoplemayassumeitdoesnottastegood,"健康食品對餐館來說可能是有利可圖的，但每當貼上"健康"標簽時，人們可能會認為它味道不好，可知，"健康"的標簽使得食客將健康食物與難吃掛鉤。因此，本研究可能有助于改善這一認知。故選D?！敬鸢浮?6．D；17．B；18．A；19．G；20．E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)地理定位技術(shù)如何改變追蹤和監(jiān)測野生動物的方式，以及這些技術(shù)帶來的好處。

【點評】考查七選五，本文是一篇科技類閱讀，要求在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空后"Traditionaltrackingmethodsoftenrelyonnon-automatictrackingorinconvenientnecklace-likesystems,whichmaycausestressanddiscomforttotheanimals."傳統(tǒng)的追蹤方法往往依賴于非自動追蹤或不方便的項鏈狀系統(tǒng)，這可能會給動物帶來壓力和不適。圍繞"互聯(lián)網(wǎng)定位技術(shù)對于野生動物保護的好處"開展。D.Thesolutionshaveofferedthefollowingkeybenefitstowildlifeconservation."這些解決方案為野生動物保護提供了以下關(guān)鍵好處。"概括本段內(nèi)容，符合語境，故選D。17．根據(jù)空前"Traditionaltrackingmethodsoftenrelyonnon-automatictrackingorinconvenientnecklace-likesystems，whichmaycausestressanddiscomforttotheanimals."傳統(tǒng)的追蹤方法往往依賴于非自動追蹤或不方便的項鏈狀系統(tǒng)，這可能會給動物帶來壓力和不適?？芍挛慕榻BAI跟蹤系統(tǒng)和動物接觸情況。B.However,AItrackingdoesnotrequiredisturbingcontactwiththeanimals."然而，人工智能追蹤不需要干擾動物的接觸。"承接上文，符合語境。故選B。18．根據(jù)空前"Throughtheirassistance，scientistscangaininsightsintohabitatchoicesandevaluatetheeffectofglobalwarmingonwildanimallocations."通過他們的幫助，科學家可以深入了解棲息地的選擇，并評估全球變暖對野生動物棲息地的影響。說明下文是了解這些信息的好處。A.Thisknowledgeenablesthemtomakeaccurateandefficientdecisions."這些知識使他們能夠做出準確高效的決策。"承接上文，符合語境。故選A。19．根據(jù)空后"Bymonitoringanimals'behavioralchangesinreal-time，researcherscanquicklydetectsignsofenvironmentalissues.Suddenchangesinananimal'smovementscouldindicatethreatsorproblems.Researcherscanthenrespondimmediately，potentiallysavingtheanimal'slife."通過實時監(jiān)測動物的行為變化，研究人員可以快速發(fā)現(xiàn)環(huán)境問題的跡象。動物動作的突然變化可能預示著威脅或問題。然后，研究人員可以立即做出反應(yīng)，有可能挽救動物的生命?？芍硕温渲v述了實時數(shù)據(jù)可以讓研究人員快速發(fā)現(xiàn)環(huán)境問題的跡象。G.Withreal-timedata,theAIsolutionsalsofunctionasanearlywarningforwildliferisks."通過實時數(shù)據(jù)，人工智能解決方案還可以作為野生動物風險的預警。"符合語境。故選G。20．根據(jù)空后"Thishelpthemfeelmoreconnectedtotheissueswildlifef