天津?qū)０娓呖加⒄Z(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題三閱讀理解第三節(jié)題組訓(xùn)練4時(shí)文報(bào)道講義

題組4時(shí)文報(bào)道專題三閱讀理解第三節(jié)題組訓(xùn)練A(2017·天津一中4月考)Rome，ParisandNewYorkaretheworld’stopfashioncities，allofwhichhaveproducedsomeofthetoptrends，fromfashionableskirtstothehottestnewshoes.Buthaveyoueverwonderedaboutthenegativeideasthattheyhaveenforced?InApril2016，theAdvertisingStandardsAuthority(ASA)inBritainbannedanadfromGuccithatfeaturedmodelsdancingaroundandhavingfun，becausetheywereallextremelyskinny.Banningadsduetothemodels’extremefiguresisn’tnew.TheASAbannedanadin2015forthesamereason.InFrance，ithasbeenruledthatmodelsaretoprovideadoctor’snoteprovingthattheyareatahealthyweight.Sowhatisthehealthyweightformodels？Twentyyearsago，theaveragefashionmodelweighed8%lessthantheaveragewoman.Today，theyweigh23%less.Peoplemaythinkthatbeingatanunhealthyweightwillhelpthemgainthebenefitsthatthemodelsdo.Thisprovidesastandardforbeauty，andthereforepeoplewhowanttoachievethosethingsmayattempttoobtainthemthroughunhealthyways.Peoplemaythinktheyareoverweight，duetotheimagesofmodels’thinfigures.Theyseesomethingwrongwiththeirbodies，

whethertheyareoverweightornot.Thisisakeyfactorinaloweredbodyimage，lowself-esteem，depressionandpossiblyeveneatingdisorders.I’mnotblamingthefashionindustrybyanymeans.It’snottheirfaultthatmanypeoplelookuptothemodelsandexpecttolivealifeliketheirs.IamgladthatASAisraisingitsvoiceswhendiscussingthegrowingissueofbodyimagesinthefashionindustry.Bybanningthephotosandvideos，speakingoutagainstthemandpushingfordoctors’notesfromthemodels，it’spushingfortheideathatthetraditionalfashionindustry’sbodyimagedemandsshouldbechangedandsomethingmoreneedstobequestioned.語(yǔ)篇解讀模特極瘦的形象帶來(lái)了很多負(fù)面影響，英國(guó)廣告標(biāo)準(zhǔn)局禁播了一條Gucci的時(shí)裝廣告，希望由此能樹立模特身體形象新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。1.OneofGucci’sadswasbannedmainlybecause

.A.itsmodelsaremuchtoothinB.noneofitsmodelshadadoctor’snoteC.modelsdidn’tactaccordingtotherulesD.itsmodelsweredancinginanunhealthyway解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“InApril2016，theAdvertisingStandardsAuthority(ASA)inBritainbanned...，becausetheywereallextremelyskinny.”可知，2016年4月，英國(guó)廣告標(biāo)準(zhǔn)局(ASA)因模特太瘦從而禁播了一條

Gucci的時(shí)裝廣告，故選A?！檀鸢附馕?3145解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段提供的數(shù)字分析可知，與二十年前時(shí)裝模特的平均體重相比，今天她們的平均體重變得更輕了，從而說(shuō)明了：隨著時(shí)間的推移，模特們變得越來(lái)越瘦了，故選C。2.ThenumbersmentionedinParagraph3showthat

.A.peopledon’tknowwhymodelsweighlessB.manywomenareonadiettobecomemodelsC.modelsarebecomingthinnerwithtimegoingbyD.thehealthyweightformodelshasn’tbeendecided√答案解析214533.Whatdoesthefourthparagraphmainlyshow?A.Thenegativeeffectsofmodels’images.B.People’sattitudetowardsmodels’images.C.Thebenefitsofbecomingthinfigures.D.Thechangesinthestandardofbeauty.√答案解析21453解析段落大意題。文中第四段主要講述了模特極瘦的形象對(duì)人們?cè)斐傻囊恍┎缓玫挠绊懀缫恍┤丝赡軙?huì)認(rèn)為不健康的體重會(huì)幫助他們獲取模特們所獲得的一些利益。由于人們將模特不健康的體重作為審美的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，所以不管自己是否超重，他們總覺得自己的身體有問題，因此，這就使得他們損毀了身體形象，變得缺少自尊心，得了抑郁癥，甚至可能造成飲食失調(diào)，故選A。214534.ThepossiblepurposeoftheASA’smeasuresisto

.A.changethefortunemodelsarefacedwithB.setupnewstandardsofmodels’bodyimagesC.criticizethetraditionalstandardsformodelsD.encouragemorepeopletolivealifelikemodels解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段講到了模特極瘦的形象所帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響可知，英國(guó)廣告標(biāo)準(zhǔn)局(ASA)采取措施的可能目的是：改變模特極瘦的身體形象，即樹立模特身體形象新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，故選B?！檀鸢附馕?14535.Whatistheauthor’stoneofwritingthispassage?A.Critical. B.Humorous.C.Objective. D.Hopeful.解析觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。通讀全文以及根據(jù)最后一段中的“I’mnotblamingthefashionindustrybyanymeans.(我并不是在指責(zé)時(shí)裝界。)”可知，作者報(bào)道的是實(shí)際存在的現(xiàn)象，故作者是以客觀的口吻來(lái)撰寫這篇文章的，故選C?！檀鸢附馕?1453B(2017·五校聯(lián)考二模)KhanLabSchoolinSiliconValleyisbringingbacktheone-roommodeltoteachyoungstudentsinMountainView，California.Theschoolisalaboratoryforanexperimentalkindoflearning.Studentsaged5to15attendtheexperimentalKhanLabSchool.Ithasnogradelevelsandnohomework.Thestudentsareinschoolfrom8：30inthemorninguntilsixo’clockatnight.Andtheschoolisopenallyearlongwithsmallbreakshereandthere.TheschoolistheideaofSalmanKhan，thefounderofKhanAcademy—famousforitsonlineeducationalvideosfreeofcharge.KhansaidhestartedKhanLabSchoolbecausehethinksthecurrenteducationsystemhasproblems.Hehopestocreateabetterlearningmodel.Hesaidthissystemletstheolderstudentstakeresponsibilityandhelpyoungerstudents.Thatmeanstheyoungerchildrengetalotofhelp.Theygetthehelpoftheteachersandtheolderstudents.Meanwhile，studentsalsolearnthestudymaterialsattheirownspeedthroughvideos.Andtheygetmoreattentionthroughone-on-onediscussionswithteachers.Theyalsolearnbydoingprojects.Theschool’sdirector，DominicLiechti，saidthiswayoflearningbetterpreparesstudentsforthefuture.Hesaidthedutiesofateacherneedtochangefromleadingtheclasstobeingsomeonewhoguidesstudentsintheirlearning，andprovidesindividualsupport.Ateacherisalsoalife-longlearner，hesaid，notjustsomeonewhogivespresentations.Twelve-year-oldgirl，Mishal

Junaid，expressedherexperience：“WhenIwakeupinthemorning，Iwanttowakeup，unlikemylastschoolwhereIwanttosleepandnotgotoschool...”語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道類文章。主要講了當(dāng)國(guó)內(nèi)創(chuàng)業(yè)者都爭(zhēng)相通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)解決教育行業(yè)存在的問題時(shí)，硅谷的先驅(qū)者們卻開始辦起了線下學(xué)校。解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Hehopestocreateabetterlearningmodel.”可知，Khan希望創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更好的學(xué)習(xí)模式，故選B。6.WhydidSalmanKhansetuptheschool?A.TointroduceMountainView.B.Tocreateabetterlearningmodel.C.Toreformcurrenteducationsystem.D.Toapplyhisonlineeducationalvideos.√答案解析7869107.What’stheuniquefeatureofLabSchool?A.Itpreparesstudentsfortheirfuture.B.Studentsperformbetterinthetests.C.Studentsdon’tbelongtoacertaingrade.D.Itcallsonteacherstocaremoreaboutstudents.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Ithasnogradelevelsandnohomework.”可知，這個(gè)學(xué)校沒有分年級(jí)，也沒有作業(yè)，故選C?！檀鸢附馕?86910解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第四句“Meanwhile，studentsalsolearnthestudymaterialsattheirownspeedthroughvideos.”可知，學(xué)生按照自己的速度通過錄像學(xué)習(xí)，故選D。8.InLabSchool，weknowstudentscan

.A.giveadvicetoolderstudentsB.discusswiththeteachersatanytimeC.teachthemselveswhattheylikeD.learnaccordingtotheirowncase√答案解析7869109.Whatdoweknowabouttheteachersinthisschool?A.Theyprovidesupportprivately.B.Theyneedtolearnconstantly.C.Theyshouldn’tgivepresentations.D.Theyneedtobetrainedasguides.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Ateacherisalsoalife-longlearner，hesaid，notjustsomeonewhogivespresentations.”可知，老師是一個(gè)終身學(xué)習(xí)者，不僅僅是給學(xué)生呈現(xiàn)知識(shí)，故選B?！檀鸢附馕?8691010.Whatcanwelearnfromtheunderlinedsentencefromthelastparagraph?A.Thegirlhasgrownup.B.Thegirloftenmissesclasses.C.Theschoolisappealingtothegirl.D.Theschoollooksdifferentfromothers.解析句意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線句子可知，女孩愿意早起去上學(xué)，而不是像在原來(lái)的學(xué)校一樣不愿意醒來(lái)，不愿意去上學(xué)，也就是說(shuō)這個(gè)新學(xué)校對(duì)她有吸引力，故選C?！檀鸢附馕?86910C(2017·天津十二所重點(diǎn)中學(xué)聯(lián)考)Greatwhitesharks，theworld’slargestpredatory(食肉的)fish，eatthreetofourtimesmorefoodthanpreviouslythought，anAustralianstudyshows.TheU.S.researchfromthe1980sestimatedamealof30kilogramscouldmakeaone-tonsharkcontinuelivingformorethansixweeks.Thatmadeassumptionsthatlargesharkscouldsurvivelongperiodswithouteating.However，aUniversityofTasmania-ledstudypublishedthisweekinScientific

Reportsfoundthat30kgwasonlyenoughfor12～15days.Researcherstagged(給……附上標(biāo)簽)adozengreatwhitesharksatNeptuneIslandsoffSouthAustraliaandcalculatedtheirmetabolic(新陳代謝的)ratebasedonswimmingspeeds.Theyworkedouthowmuchenergythesharksburnedandhowmuchfoodtheyrequired.

“Theirmetabolicrateisfasterthanweassumed.”Jayson

Semmenswastheleadauthoronthestudy.Hesaid，“They(U.S.researchers)pickedasharkthatprobablywasn’tworkingveryhardatthetimewhentheydidit.Atthetimeitwasanewstudy.Theydidsomemetabolicworksimilartowhatwedidbutononeshark.”“Thewhitesharks，whichwetagged，areworkingprettyhard.They’recominguptosomeprettyhighspeedtocatchtheseals，”

hesaid.“Theirmetabolicrateismuchfasterthanwhatwehadassumed.Theseanimalsareprobablygoingtobefeedingeveryday，ratherthanseveralweeks.”Theresearchalsosoughttoimproveunderstandingofhowsharksfitintotheoceanecosystem.“Wedon’thaveagoodhandleonthepopulationsizesofwhitesharks.Weknowthatsharksingeneralareunderpressurearoundtheworldfromoverfishing，”

Semmens

said.“Furthermore，they’relong-lived.Theyreproducelateintheirlifeandtheyproduceasmallnumberofbabies.”Semmenssaidtheeffectsofremovingwhitesharksfromtheoceanwerethusfarmoreimportantthanrealized.“They’rekeepingundercontrolalotmoreanimalsthanwethought，”

hesaid.語(yǔ)篇解讀大白鯊是世界上最大的食肉性魚類。本文介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于大白鯊的最新研究。解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“Thatmadeassumptionsthatlargesharkscouldsurvivelongperiodswithouteating.”可知答案為D。11.TheU.S.researchmadepeoplebelievethat

.A.largesharkscouldlivewithouteatingmeatB.sharksgainedseveralkilogramsinsixweeksC.aone-tonsharkneededtoeat30kgeverymealD.largesharkscouldlivewithouteatingforseveralweeks√答案解析121311141512.WhatisSemmens’attitudetowardsU.S.researchers’job?A.Uninterested. B.Surprised.C.Objective. D.Satisfied.解析觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由第七段中Semmens所說(shuō)的話“They(U.S.researchers)pickedasharkthatprobablywasn’tworkingveryhardatthetimewhentheydidit.Atthetimeitwasanewstudy.Theydidsomemetabolicworksimilartowhatwedidbutononeshark.”可推知他對(duì)美國(guó)研究者所做的工作持客觀態(tài)度，故選C?！檀鸢附馕?21311141513.Thesharks’metabolicratecalculatedbythetworesearchgroupsisdifferentprobablybecause

.A.theyuseddifferentresearchmethodsB.theystudiedsharksofdifferentsizesC.thesharkstheyusedforresearchwereofdifferentspeciesD.thesharkstheyusedforresearchswamatdifferentspeeds√答案解析1213111415解析推理判斷題。由第五段中的“calculatedtheirmetabolic(新陳代謝的)ratebasedonswimmingspeeds”及第七段中的“pickedasharkthatprobablywasn’tworkingveryhard”和倒數(shù)第四段中的“‘Thewhitesharks，whichwetagged，areworkingprettyhard.They’recominguptosomeprettyhighspeedtocatchtheseals，’

hesaid.”可推知答案為D。1213111415解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的“they’relong-lived”及“theyproduceasmallnumberofbabies”可排除B、D兩項(xiàng)，由倒數(shù)第四段中的“They’recominguptosomeprettyhighspeedtocatchtheseals”可排除C項(xiàng)。由最后三段講述大白鯊對(duì)海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的影響可知A項(xiàng)正確。14.Whatdoyouknowaboutwhitesharks?A.Theyplayanimportantroleinoceanecosystem.B.Theycanproducealargenumberofbabies.C.Theyswimmoreslowlythanseals.D.Theyliveashortlife.√答案解析121311141515.Theauthor’spurposeofwritingthetextismostlikelyto

.A.inform

B.persuadeC.describe

D.entertain解析寫作意圖題。本文為說(shuō)明文，介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于大白鯊的最新研究。故答案為A?！檀鸢附馕?213111415D(2017·天津十二區(qū)縣二模)ThenewstudyshowsthatwespendmoretimeusingthemobileInternetthanreadingnewspapersormagazines.AccordingtotheEuropeanInteractiveAdvertisingAssociation(EIAA)，theaverageEuropeanspends4.8hoursreadingnewspapersandmagazinesbut1.6hoursmoreusingthemobileInternetaweek.TheEIAAquestioned15,000peoplein15Europeancountries，lookingathowpeopleareusingtheInternetanditsinfluenceontheireverydaylives.IthasfoundthatthemobileInternetisincreasinglyfindingitswayintothepublicawareness.Over71millionEuropeansnowhaveInternetaccessontheirmobilephones.IntheUK,10millionpeoplenowaccesstheInternetthroughtheirmobilephonesandspend6.3hoursdoingsoinaweek.UnsurprisinglyyoungergenerationsintheUKareleadingtheway，withnearlyhalfofthecountry’s16-to-24-year-oldsandaquarterof25-to-34-year-oldsusingthemobileInternet，spending6.5and6.2hoursonlineeachweek.EntertainmentplaysamajorroleinourmobileInternetlives，withoneinfiveBritishpeopleusingtheirphonesforonlinegames，athirdlisteningtotheonlineradioand39percentwatchingfilms，TVorothervideosatleastonceaweek.OnethirdofthoseusinganInternetphonesaidtheyreceivedvideos，imagesorothermultimediaontheirmobile，and61percentsaidtheypassedoncontentstheyreceived.Fromacommunicationpointofview,80percentofthosequestionedagreedthattheInternethadmadeiteasierforthemtostayintouchwithfriendsandfamily.AlisonFennah，directoroftheEIAA，saidthemobileInternetusehadcometothepointthatmarketersshouldbelookingtodevelopstrategiesthatconnectwithconsumersmoreeffectively.“Betterdevicesaswellasimprovedconsumermotivationthatstartcomingtogetherin2011canmakeagreatdifferencetoextendingtheonlineexperience，”

Fennahsaid.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文主要講的是一項(xiàng)研究表明人們現(xiàn)在在移動(dòng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上花的時(shí)間比在閱讀報(bào)紙和雜志上花的時(shí)間多，另外該研究還調(diào)查了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對(duì)他們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹挠绊憽＝馕鰯?shù)字計(jì)算題。根據(jù)第一段中的“...theaverageEuropeanspends4.8hoursreadingnewspapersandmagazinesbut1.6hoursmoreusingthemobileInternetaweek.”可知，歐洲人每周平均花費(fèi)4.8小時(shí)讀報(bào)和看雜志，但是多花1.6小時(shí)使用移動(dòng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，4.8＋1.6＝6.4，故選B。16.HowlongdoesaEuropeanspendonthemobileInternetperweekaccordingtotheEIAA?A.6.2hours. B.6.4hours.C.4.8hours. D.1.6hours.√答案解析171816192017.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“doingso”inParagraph2