2025屆高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)與測試專題強(qiáng)化練十六閱讀七選五-段尾設(shè)空題

專題強(qiáng)化練（十六）閱讀七選五——段尾設(shè)空題Test1(2024·東莞第三次質(zhì)檢)Themeaningofhappinessis,toanextent,subjective.Butexpertswesurveyedemphasizethesamecocktailofingredients:asenseofcontrolandindependence,beingguidedbymeaningandpurpose,andconnectingwithothers.1._________Spendingtimewithfamilyoutsideofthehouse,andwithfriendsinanon-professionalsetting,arestronglyrecommended.Themajoritydobothatleastonceaweek.2._________JohnZelenski,apsychologyprofessoratCarletonUniversity,describessocialrelationshipsasthechiefbuildingblocksofhappiness.“Weallbenefitfromclosefriendshipsandageneralsenseofrespectandbelonginginacommunity，”hesays.Mentalwell-beinghaslongbeenlinkedtosufficientsleep,andourrespondentsprioritizegettingatleastsevenhoursanight.3._________Respondentssaytheyfititinthreetosixtimesweekly.4．_________Morethanhalfoftheexpertsreportdoingsoatleastthreetimesaweek.EmilianaSimon-Thomas,sciencedirectorattheUniversityofCalifornia,notesthatwhenshe'sstressed,shetakesawalkandmarvelsatflowers,plants,birdsandinsects.Shealsocountsbreathingexercises,readingpoetry,andwatchingstand-upcomedyamonghergo-tocopingstrategiesonbaddays.Otherexpertsovercomeunhelpfulthoughts,anxieties,andstressorsbyrevisitingfavoritebooks,listeningtosongs,orjournaling.JennLimremindsherselftostaycuriousandbegentleonherself.“Ifit'swithinmycontrol,thenIcanactbetteronit，”shesays.5._________Beinghappyis,afterall,auniversalandancientpursuit.Takecomfortintheknowledgethatevenexpertsfindittobeaconcepthardtodefineattimes.A．Andifit'swithout,sheknowstoletitgo.B．Someattachimportancetootherentertainments.C．Manygathersociallythreetofourtimesaweek.D．Exercisingorplayingsportsisanothersharedhabit.E．Mostrespondentssetspacefortheseintereststwiceaweek.F．Andtheylargelyagreehappinesscanbemeasuredandtaught.G．Anadditionalkeytounlockinghappinessmightbenearingnature.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了能讓人們幸福的一些事情。1．F上文指出專家對幸福的看法，空處承接上文，繼續(xù)描述專家對幸福的看法，F(xiàn)項符合語境。2．C上文提到我們要與家人一起待在戶外，與朋友在非專業(yè)的環(huán)境下相處，大多數(shù)人每周至少這樣做一次，C項與上文“Themajoritydobothatleastonceaweek.”為并列關(guān)系，列舉了人們這樣做的次數(shù)，承接上文，符合語境。3．D上文提到受訪者都有一個共同的習(xí)慣就是充足的睡眠，D項指出受訪者其他共同的習(xí)慣，即鍛煉或運(yùn)動，下文進(jìn)一步解釋了他們鍛煉或運(yùn)動的頻次，下文中的it指代D項中的“Exercisingorplayingsports”。4．G此處是段落小標(biāo)題，下文指出接近自然能讓人們感到幸福，G項能概括本段內(nèi)容。5．A根據(jù)上文可知，簡恩·林認(rèn)為如果好奇心在自己的控制范圍之內(nèi)，那么她可以做得更好，A項承接上文，對此進(jìn)行繼續(xù)描述，假設(shè)好奇心不在自己的控制范圍內(nèi)，該如何做。Test2(2024·浙江6月適應(yīng)性考試)It'scommonlythoughtthatpeoplegetintobadfinancialsituationsbecauseofpoordecision-makingskills.1._________Infact,severalstudiesoverthelastdecadehavedemonstratedthatthecauseandeffectmaybemorecomplexthaniswidelybelieved.2._________Scientistsfirstaskedthestudyparticipantsaseriesofquestionsthatmadethemthinkabouttheirpersonalincomeandsavings.Theywerethenaskedtosolveanumberofpuzzles.Thoseinbetterfinancialsituationsperformedbetteratsolvingthepuzzlesthanthoseinfinancialtrouble.However,whenthetestwasrepeatedwithoutmakingtheparticipantsthinkabouttheirownfinances,thedifferencesinperformancebetweentherichandpoordisappeared.3._________Inaseparatestudyconductedin2018attheUniversityofTexas,thebrainsofmorethan300peopleagedbetween20and89werescannedandanalyzedforsignsofgoodcognitivefunction.Amongthoseagedbetween35and64,itwasfoundthatthosewithbetterfinancialsituationshadhealthierbrains,includingcharacteristicslinkedtohavingabettermemoryandalowerriskofdementiawhenelderly.However,inyoungeradults(thoseaged20to34),theredidnotseemtobeanyconnectionbetweenwealthandbrainhealth.4._________It'snotdifficulttoguesswhypovertymighthavetheseeffects.Peoplewholiveinpoorerconditionsoftenhavedifficultyaffordinghealthyfood.5._________Andalwaysworryingabouthavingenoughmoneytopayrentorputfoodonthetableputsconstantdemandsonthebrain,leavinglessprocessingpoweravailableforcriticalthinking.Indeed,itcouldbesaidthatpovertyisaviciouscycle,keepingpeopletrappedbytakingawaytheirbestmeansofescape—theirabilitytomakesmartdecisions.A．Butispovertyreallycausedbypoorthinking?B．Unwisedecisionspeoplemake,toagreaterdegree,contributetotightbudgets.C．Theyaremoreaffectedbynegativeenvironmentalelementssuchaspollution.D．Takentogether,theseresultsindicatethatlong-termpovertyonlygraduallycauseswearandtearonthebrain.E．Therefore,thescientistsconcludedthatpoorthinkingplaysamajorpartinone'sfuturefinancialcondition.F．Thissuggestedthatthedistractionofworryingabouttheirbadfinancesmadethepoorpeopleperformworsethanthosewithnofinancialworries.G．OnestudyinthejournalSciencein2013showedthatpeople'sabilitiestosolveproblemscanbesignificantlyaffectedbytheircurrentfinancialsituation.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章分析了人們陷入糟糕的財務(wù)狀況是否真的是因為糟糕的決策能力，并且分析了貧困給人們帶來的不好的影響。1．A上文提到人們陷入糟糕的財務(wù)狀況是因為糟糕的決策能力。而下文則認(rèn)為答案不是那么簡單。A項對上文觀點提出質(zhì)疑，同時引出下文，符合語境。2．G根據(jù)下文可知，科學(xué)家們進(jìn)行了一個實驗，想弄清楚個人經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況和解決謎題之間是否有聯(lián)系。G項與下文內(nèi)容一致，符合語境。3．F根據(jù)上文的研究可以推斷，人們解決問題的能力會受到自己經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況的影響。F項是對上文研究的總結(jié)，承接上文，符合語境。4．D根據(jù)上文可知，研究人員進(jìn)行了研究，以探究貧困和大腦健康之間的聯(lián)系。D項是對上文研究結(jié)果的總結(jié)，承接上文，符合語境。5．C根據(jù)段首句可知，本段分析了貧困為什么會有這些不好的影響。C項指的正是貧困給人們帶來的不好的影響，與空前及空后內(nèi)容保持一致，符合語境。Test3(2024·鎮(zhèn)江4月調(diào)研)Thehumanpersonalityisarathercomplexandbewildering(令人困惑的)thingtostudy.Inordertogainabetterunderstandingofthesubject,peoplehaveattemptedtofindincreasinglyreliablewaystomeasureandclassifypersonalities.1._________Personalitytestsposeaseriesofquestionsorambiguousimagesthataremeanttohelpassessthetesttaker'spersonality.Oncethetestswerecompleted,thecollectedanswerswillindicatewhat“type”ofpersonalitythetesttakerhas.2._________They'reusedtoassesstheories,evaluatetheeffectivenessoftherapies,diagnosepsychologicalproblems,examinepersonalitychanges,andevenscreenjobcandidates.Personalitytestinghasbecomeamultibillion-dollarindustry,anditisusedbyindividuals,schools,corporations,andevengovernmentagenciesaroundtheglobe.Themajorityoftheteststhatareusedbyexpertstodayarebasedonthe“BigFive”personalitymodel.Thistheorysuggeststhatthehumanpersonalitycanbemeasuredacrossfivebroaddimensions:extroversion,agreeableness,conscientiousness,neuroticism,andopennesstochange.3._________Someevenbreakthesedimensionsfurtherintosmaller“subtraits”ordividethetraitsdifferently.Essentially,thepersonalitytestsweusetodayfallintotwocategories:self-reportinventoriesandprojectivetests.Thefirstcategorytypicallyinvolveshavingthetestsubjectreadanumberofmultiple-choicequestionsorstatementsandthenratinghowwellthedescribedqualitiesorcharacteristicsapplytothem.Thebiggestadvantageofself-reportinventoriesisthattheyarestandardizedanduseestablishednorms(準(zhǔn)則).4._________Thesecondcategoryinvolvespresentingthetestsubjectwithambiguousscenes,objects,orscenarios(設(shè)想)andthenaskingthemtogivetheirinterpretationsofthetestitems.Thesedescriptionsarethenusedtoassesstheindividual'sunconsciousfears,desires,andchallenges.Thistypeofpersonalitytestisusuallyusedinpsychotherapysettings,whereitallowstherapiststogatheragreatdealofinformationabouttheirclientsinarelativelyshortamountoftime.5._________Differentpeoplemayprovidedifferentinterpretationsoftheresponsesgiven.A．However,itssubjectivenaturecanbeaproblem.B．Nowadays,thesetestsareconductedforawidevarietyofpurposes.C．Personalitytestsarelikelytobecomeamoreusefultoolforemployers.D．Theseeventuallygaverisetothemodernpersonalityteststhatweusetoday.E．Therefore,they'reeasytocarryoutandtendtohavemuchhigherreliabilityandvalidity.F．Somepeoplehavehighlevelsofopennesstoexperienceorscorehighinconscientiousness.G．Sometestsrefertothesefivedimensionsbydifferentlabelsorfocusononeofthemmorethantheothers.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了現(xiàn)代性格測試的用途、理論基礎(chǔ)以及類型。1．D根據(jù)第二段的段首句可知，此處應(yīng)引出本文講述的話題personalitytests，D項符合語境。2．B此處應(yīng)為本段的主題句。根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知，本段應(yīng)與性格測試的目的有關(guān)，B項引出下文的內(nèi)容，且與性格測試的目的有關(guān)，符合語境。3．G根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容可知，該部分講述的是人類的性格有五個維度，空后提出，有些人甚至將這些維度進(jìn)一步分解為更小的“子特征”或以不同的方式劃分特征。G項對該理論的應(yīng)用情況進(jìn)行說明，承上啟下，符合語境。4．E根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容以及空處位于段尾的特點可知，此處應(yīng)進(jìn)一步介紹第一種測試類型的優(yōu)點，E項符合語境，且E項中的Therefore表明此處與空前內(nèi)容為因果關(guān)系。5．A根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容可知，第二種性格測試可以應(yīng)用在心理治療環(huán)境中，允許治療師在短時間內(nèi)收集大量關(guān)于客戶的信息，空后一句指出了它的問題，空處前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，A項符合語境。Test4(2024·重慶第二次聯(lián)合診斷)WorkfromAnywhereMovementForalotofus,workingfromwhereverwewantedwasabitofadream.Itwouldmeanwe'dbeabletovisitfamilyandnottakeholidaydays.Butsuddenlythat“dream”ofnotworkingintheofficebecamearealityformany.Workingfromhomehasproventhatitisn'talwaysnecessaryforteamstophysicallybetogetherandthereismoreflexibility.1._________Anobviousbenefitformanyemployersisreducedcosts.Withawidespreadworkforce,there'snoneedtohaveanofficebigenoughforeveryone.Theyalsosaveontravelcosts,asmeetingsthatonce“needed”tobedoneface-to-facecannowbedoneonline.2._________Withtheworkfromanywheremovement,employerscanhireglobaltalents.They'renotrestrictedtopeoplelivingnearby.3._________Inaneverchanginganddevelopingworkingworld,offeringbenefitslikethiscouldbewhatmakesacompanystandoutfromanotherforaspecificcandidate.Formanyemployees,workingfroma