2025屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)與測(cè)試專題三完形填空第二講規(guī)避五大易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)

第二講規(guī)避五大易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)完形填空是考生得分率較低的題型，也是高考的拉分題目，所以這類題對(duì)于考生來(lái)說(shuō)分分都要爭(zhēng)，每分都要保，力爭(zhēng)得滿分。主要有以下幾個(gè)原因會(huì)導(dǎo)致失分：①解題信息比較隱蔽；②干擾項(xiàng)迷惑性較強(qiáng)；③文中人物的情感態(tài)度較難把握；④慣性思維所致。針對(duì)這些情況，考生除了需要具備扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)言功底外，還應(yīng)提升思維品質(zhì)和推理能力?？忌谧鐾晷翁羁疹}時(shí)不要急于求成，而是要三思而后決斷，盡力規(guī)避以下易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)。易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)一因缺乏全篇關(guān)聯(lián)思維抓不住文章主線而錯(cuò)選完形填空的考查點(diǎn)依附于語(yǔ)篇，而語(yǔ)篇具有連貫性，絕不能局限于某一句或某一句群，這就要求考生要理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脈絡(luò)、作者的思想、意圖或主人公的心理，然后進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確的推理和判斷，從而做出正確的選擇。對(duì)于此類題目，一定要堅(jiān)持一個(gè)原則——不急于解答，根據(jù)上下文綜合考慮再做判定。[典例1](2024·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)I'vebeenmotivated—anddemotivated—byotherfolks'achievementsallmylife.WhenIwasateenager,aneighborhoodfriend41.wonamarathonrace.Feelingmotivated,Istartedrunning...Tobehonest,I44.hatedit！Betweenthegirlmakingmy45.achievementseemsmallandthepureboredomofjogging,Idecidedthattheonly46.reasonI'deverrunagainisifabigdogwasrunningafterme!SoI47.turnedtocycling...I'dneverfacedsuch51.challenges．Thatday,Igot52.passedbyabout100“l(fā)ocal”bikerswhowereusedtosuchroads.WhenIgotbackhome,suddenlyridingmybikedidn'tseemquiteas53.appealing．I've54alotsincethen.I'vecometoacceptthatwhatever55.goalsIsetformyself,theyjusthavetobemyown.54．A．traveled B．maturedC．missed D．worried[解析]通讀文章可知，在生活中，作者受到了他人的成就的激勵(lì)作用以及消極作用，青年時(shí)期作者受朋友的激勵(lì)而開(kāi)始跑步，但后來(lái)因遇到更厲害的跑步者和感到跑步的無(wú)聊而放棄，后來(lái)又想騎自行車，但發(fā)現(xiàn)也技不如人而最終放棄。通過(guò)跑步和騎行這兩件事情，作者已經(jīng)逐漸意識(shí)到目標(biāo)應(yīng)針對(duì)自身而設(shè)，因此作者成熟(mature)了很多。如果考生缺乏全篇關(guān)聯(lián)思維，抓不住文章主線，很容易錯(cuò)選C(失去了很多)。[答案]54.B[典例2](2024·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)WhenIdecidedtobuyahouseinEuropetenyearsago,Ididn'tthinktoolong.IlikedtravelinginFrance,butwhenitcametopickingmyfavoritespotto41，Italywastheclearwinner.DuringmyfirstvisittoItaly,I42.struggledtoaskfordirectionsororderinarestaurant...AfterImadeItalymypermanenthome,Idiscoveredhow46.warm－h(huán)eartedItaliansare.41.A．study B．rentC．visit D．settle[解析]上文“IlikedtravelinginFrance”和下文“DuringmyfirstvisittoItaly”很容易給考生造成一種錯(cuò)覺(jué)，認(rèn)為作者在選擇自己最喜歡的旅游目的地。但通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)首句以及下文“AfterImadeItalymypermanenthome,Idiscoveredhow46.warm－h(huán)eartedItaliansare.”可知，作者是想在歐洲定居(settle)，而不僅僅是在歐洲旅游。[答案]41.D易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)二因詞匯理解障礙而錯(cuò)選在完形填空的設(shè)題上，課標(biāo)詞匯中較為生僻的單詞以及由課標(biāo)詞組成的較生僻的短語(yǔ)近幾年也逐漸出現(xiàn)在選項(xiàng)中，而這些較難詞匯大都是易被忽視的單詞。它們的拼寫(xiě)和詞義較為復(fù)雜且難記，在語(yǔ)篇中的考查數(shù)量相對(duì)較少。一旦涉及，考生往往見(jiàn)難生畏、望而卻步。另外，完形填空中出現(xiàn)越來(lái)越多由課標(biāo)詞派生而來(lái)的詞，此類詞并非是生詞，而是對(duì)課標(biāo)詞匯的延伸，需要考生掌握一定的構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)，學(xué)會(huì)通過(guò)構(gòu)詞法巧推詞義?？疾榻嵌纫话銥榕缮~的常見(jiàn)詞綴(un-，in-，im-，dis-，re-，-ly,-less,-ness,-ful等)的意義、詞類轉(zhuǎn)化(動(dòng)詞用作名詞、名詞用作動(dòng)詞或形容詞)和合成詞等構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)?？忌趥淇紩r(shí)要對(duì)照課標(biāo)詞匯表查漏補(bǔ)缺，多積累由課標(biāo)詞組成的生僻詞匯，做到課標(biāo)詞匯無(wú)遺漏。[典例3](2023·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Aftersomegoodbyes,IaskedGeorgeandhiswifetohelpme51.loadTiffyintotheplane.IpromisedtotakecareofTiffyand52.callthemassoonaswegottoKansasCity.Theflightwas53，andTiffywasagreatpassenger.Thenextday,she54.flewwithKarenandmadeitbacktoGeorgeinVirginiawithinafewdays.53．A．unnecessary B．unexpectedC．unavoidable D．uneventful[解析]根據(jù)下文“andTiffywasagreatpassenger”可知，這次飛行一切都平安無(wú)事。uneventful平靜無(wú)事的。本題的難度在于對(duì)uneventful的理解，學(xué)習(xí)該詞時(shí)可以這樣記憶：un不＋event事件＋ful形容詞后綴→不可能發(fā)生的事件，注定是平凡的，沒(méi)有刺激來(lái)促進(jìn)事件的發(fā)生→uneventful平靜無(wú)事的。做題時(shí)，很多考生可能因?yàn)樵~匯理解障礙而錯(cuò)選失分。[答案]53.D[典例4](2023·浙江卷1月)49.Finally,Ziyadgotclosetothehivewhichwasaround20metresabovetheground.Sittingonabranch，he50towardsitandblewsmokefromhistorchintoatinyholeinthehive.Suddenly，Ziyadletoutasharpcry.Withinseconds,he'd51.sliddownthetrunkandwasbackontheground.50．A．backed B．divedC．shouted D．inched[解析]根據(jù)上文可知，齊亞德是在離地面約20米的樹(shù)頂上采集蜂蜜，因此他應(yīng)該是小心翼翼地朝著蜂箱緩慢移動(dòng)。inch一般作名詞用(英寸)，是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)度單位，但在此處是作動(dòng)詞用，意為“(使朝某方向)謹(jǐn)慎移動(dòng)”，對(duì)于考生而言，這一含義較為生僻，較難選出正確答案。[答案]50.D易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)三因不能正確區(qū)分形近詞(組)或近義詞(組)而錯(cuò)選完形填空題選項(xiàng)中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些形近詞(組)或近義詞(組)讓考生辨析，因?yàn)樾问较嘟蛞饬x相近，無(wú)形中增加了難度，如果考生掌握得不好或沒(méi)有著眼于語(yǔ)篇的意義就很容易選錯(cuò)。[典例5](2024·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)I'vebeenmotivated—anddemotivated—byotherfolks'achievementsallmylife.WhenIwasateenager,aneighborhoodfriend41.wonamarathonrace.Feelingmotivated,Istartedrunning42，butthentwothingshappened.42．A．regularly B．silentlyC．proudly D．recently[解析]本題中，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)形式相似、詞性相同，部分考生容易因混淆而失分?？忌梢岳眠壿嫹治龇ń忸}。結(jié)合上文語(yǔ)境可知，作者受到了鄰居的激勵(lì)，因此應(yīng)是開(kāi)始定期(regularly)跑步。regularly定期地；silently默默地；proudly驕傲地；recently最近。[答案]42.A[典例6](2024·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Eachtownhasitsowntraditional50.dish,andeveryfamilykeepsarecipepassedfromonegenerationtoanother.Families51.gatherforbigmealsonSundays,birthdays,andwhateverotherexcusestheycan52.Thesemealsarealways53.accompaniedbylaughterandjoy.52．A．putupwith B．standupforC．comeupwith D．makeupfor[解析]本題中四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是“動(dòng)詞＋副詞＋介詞”的詞組，部分考生很容易因混淆而失分。本題可以利用邏輯分析法解題。根據(jù)上文可知，每個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)都有自己傳統(tǒng)的菜肴，家家戶戶都有祖?zhèn)鞯氖匙V。家人會(huì)在星期天、生日以及其他時(shí)刻聚在一起享用大餐。除了星期天、生日之外，人們還會(huì)想出(comeupwith)各種“借口”來(lái)聚餐。comeupwith想出，想起。[答案]52.C易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)四因不明一詞多義或熟詞生義而錯(cuò)選在最近幾年的完形填空中，對(duì)于一詞多義或熟詞生義的考查屢見(jiàn)不鮮，這往往也是考生容易忽視的地方。很多考生由于不懂這些熟詞的“生義”而出現(xiàn)思維堵塞，造成失分?；蛘呖忌赡苁煜み@些詞的多個(gè)詞義，但在語(yǔ)篇的具體語(yǔ)境中常?；煜@些詞義。所以，要確定該詞的確切詞義，就必須具體到語(yǔ)境，弄清楚該詞在語(yǔ)境中的意義。[典例7](2024·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)DuringmyfirstvisittoItaly,I42.struggledtoaskfordirectionsororderinarestaurant.ButeverytimeItriedto43asentenceofItaliantogether,thelocalssmiledatmeand44.praisedmylanguageskills.43．A．string B．hangC．mix D．match[解析]根據(jù)上文語(yǔ)境可知，作者問(wèn)路或點(diǎn)餐很費(fèi)力，再結(jié)合空后的together可知，作者努力把句子串起來(lái)(string)。stringn．細(xì)繩，帶子；琴弦v．用……穿起來(lái)；串起來(lái)，串成一串。string屬于一詞多義，本句用的是動(dòng)詞用法。如果詞義混淆的話，容易錯(cuò)選。[答案]43.A[典例8](2024·全國(guó)甲卷)BornjustbeforeWWⅡ，mygrandmother43.experiencedanentirelydifferentchildhoodlifestylefrommine...Theonlyopportunity(機(jī)會(huì))shecouldseizeto47.studywaswhenherbrotherwashavingChinese48.lessonswiththefamilytutor.Shewouldsitquietlyatthefarendofthelongdinnertable,listening49.ThistrainingtaughthertoreadandwriteherChineseupsidedown—askillthathasturnedouttobequite50.practical,especiallywheneverwesharethenewspaper.49．A．closely B．directlyC．nervously D．freely[解析]根據(jù)上文語(yǔ)境可知，奶奶的哥哥在上中文課時(shí)，奶奶總是仔細(xì)(closely)聽(tīng)著。closely作為副詞時(shí)熟義為“接近地，嚴(yán)密地”，本句中用的生義“仔細(xì)地”。[答案]49.A易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)五因慣性思維而錯(cuò)選在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中，考生的母語(yǔ)、知識(shí)面、思維習(xí)慣等都有可能令考生產(chǎn)生一些思維定式。考生在學(xué)習(xí)單詞、詞組或習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)時(shí)，受到思維定式的影響，只記中文意思，而不深刻理解實(shí)際用法和英漢用法之間的細(xì)微差異。完形填空解題中因慣性思維而失分常有以下兩種情況：1．學(xué)習(xí)單詞時(shí)受到的思維定式影響。學(xué)生往往過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單化地記憶單詞的中文意思，而忽略實(shí)際用法及英漢差異。例：failtodosth.表示“沒(méi)做成某事”，而表達(dá)“成功做某事”時(shí)則不能用succeedtodosth.，要用succeedindoingsth.。解題時(shí)要關(guān)注語(yǔ)境、含義、用法及詞形轉(zhuǎn)化。2．學(xué)習(xí)詞組或習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)時(shí)受到的思維定式影響。學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)詞組時(shí)容易受到思維定式影響。例：在學(xué)習(xí)了waitfor后，有些學(xué)生在遇到wait后面接介詞時(shí)，就選擇for。但在“Hestoppedhiscartowaitattheredlight.”中用at而不用for。解題時(shí)要注意文章結(jié)構(gòu)、上下文邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行整句理解和整段把握。[典例9](2024·全國(guó)甲卷)Iguessourdifferentchildhoodbackgroundiswhatmakesmygrandmothersuchanamazingpersonto59.talkto：herstoriesalwaysmakemyhistorytextbooks60．60．A．cometrue B．comeroundC．comeout D．comealive[解析]根據(jù)上文語(yǔ)境可知，作者和奶奶不同的童年背景使奶奶成為一個(gè)令人驚嘆的聊天對(duì)象，奶奶的故事總是讓作者的歷史教科書(shū)栩栩如生(comealive)。但學(xué)生易受思維定式影響，可能看到historytextbooks就下意識(shí)地選擇comeout(出版發(fā)行)這個(gè)固定搭配，從而誤選。[答案]60.D[典例10](2023·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Aftersomegoodbyes，IaskedGeorgeandhiswifetohelpme51.loadTiffyintotheplane.IpromisedtotakecareofTiffyand52.callthemassoonaswegottoKansasCity.Theflightwas53.uneventful,andTiffywasagreatpassenger.Thenextday,she54withKarenandmadeitbacktoGeorgeinVirginiawithinafewdays.Hewasso55.thankfulandsentmeanicee-mailwithpictures.ItfeltgreattoknowthatIhadhelpedbringthisfamilytogetheragain.54．A．returned B．foughtC．flew D．a(chǎn)greed[解析]根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知，作者帶著蒂菲到達(dá)了堪薩斯城，后面的行程由凱倫帶著蒂菲繼續(xù)飛(fly)往弗吉尼亞。但學(xué)生受思維定式影響，可能看到with就下意識(shí)地以為選擇agreewith這個(gè)固定搭配，從而誤選。[答案]54.CTest1體裁主題語(yǔ)境難度記敘文勇敢救人★★★☆☆(2024·廣東六校9月聯(lián)考)Thereisnowaytheyjustdroveintothatwater,thoughtCorionEvans.The16-year-oldteenagerwas1withfriendsnearthePascagoulaRiverwhenacarwiththreeteenagegirlsinsideaccidentally2offtheroadintotheriverandstartedto3some20feetawayfromland.ItwasaroundmidnightinJuly.Inthe4，Evansandhisfriendscould5figureoutthegirlsholdingontotheroof,theonlypartofthecarstillabovewater.Buttheycouldhear6forhelp.Evanstookoffhisshirtandshoeswithout7，divingintothewater.Hehelpedthefirstgirlhesawandledhertotheshore.Then,hejumpedbackintotheriverto8anotherofthegirls.Buthalfwaybacktothebank,shewasso9astogounderwater,pullingEvansdownwithher.Evansfoughthiswayandpushedherto10.Therewasstillonegirlinthewater.Watson,19,couldnot11.Shewasswallowingwater,scared,12tostayafloat.“IjustknewmylastbreathwascomingandIbegantogounder.Then,ashake.Evans13me，”Watsonsaidlater.Thethreegirlswererushedtothehospitalandwell14.Evansriskedhislifetosavethem,buthesaidhehadnoother15．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】文章講述了一名叫埃文斯的十六歲少年勇敢地在河中救出三個(gè)女孩的故事。1．A．checkingout B．hangingoutC．stayingup D．breakingupB根據(jù)下文withfriendsnearthePascagoulaRiver可知，埃文斯當(dāng)時(shí)正和朋友在河邊閑逛(hangout)。2．A．slipped B．developedC．stayed D．skippedA根據(jù)上文“Thereisnowaytheyjustdroveintothatwater,thoughtCorionEvans.”可知，她們不可能直接把車開(kāi)到河里，說(shuō)明車是從公路上滑(slip)到河里的。3．A．expose B．trembleC．sink D．floatC根據(jù)下文“Evansandhisfriends...theonlypartofthecarstillabovewater.”可知，車已經(jīng)下沉(sink)到河里。4．A．silence B．noiseC．sadness D．darknessD根據(jù)上文“ItwasaroundmidnightinJuly.”可知，當(dāng)時(shí)是七月的午夜時(shí)分，說(shuō)明當(dāng)時(shí)天很黑(darkness)。5．A．casually B．nearlyC．instantly D．barelyD根據(jù)上文“ItwasaroundmidnightinJuly.”可知，事故發(fā)生的時(shí)候是午夜時(shí)分，埃文斯和他的朋友們勉強(qiáng)(barely)能看清當(dāng)時(shí)的情況。6．A．whispering B．screamingC．complaining D．claimingB根據(jù)上文“whenacarwiththreeteenagegirlsinsideaccidentally offtheroadintotheriver”可知，女孩們的車沉入了水中，埃文斯聽(tīng)到了女孩們的求救聲(scream)。7．A．a(chǎn)ssumption B．explanationC．hesitation D．permissionC根據(jù)上文“Evansandhisfriends...theonlypartofthecarstillabovewater”可知，當(dāng)時(shí)車已經(jīng)快要沉入水底了，情況非常緊急，埃文斯為了救人毫不猶豫(hesitation)地跳入水中。8．A．rescue B．deliverC．liberate D．releaseA根據(jù)上文“Then,hejumpedbackintotheriver”可知，埃文斯跳回河中去救(rescue)另一個(gè)女孩。9．A．a(chǎn)nxious B．panicC．cautious D．a(chǎn)wkwardB根據(jù)下文“astogounderwater,pullingEvansdownwithher”可知，第二個(gè)女孩太驚慌(panic)了，以至于又潛下水并把埃文斯也拉下水。10．A．health B．independenceC．strength D．safetyD根據(jù)下文“Therewasstillonegirlinthewater.”可知，埃文斯把第二個(gè)女孩推到了安全的地方(safety)。11．A．drive B．escapeC．swim D．surfC根據(jù)下文“Shewasswallowingwater,scared,_____tostayafloat.”可知，華生不會(huì)游泳(swim)。12．A．struggling B．worryingC．wandering D．improvingA根據(jù)上文“Watson,19,couldnot_____．”可知，華生不會(huì)游泳，在水中掙扎(struggle)著保持漂浮。13．A．touched B．grabbedC．a(chǎn)ttached D．detectedB根據(jù)上文“Then,ashake.”可知，華生在將要下沉?xí)r感到晃動(dòng)，說(shuō)明埃文斯抓住(grab)了她。14．A．a(chǎn)djusted B．educatedC．protected D．a(chǎn)ttendedD根據(jù)上文“Thethreegirlswererushedtothehospital”可知，三個(gè)女孩被送到了醫(yī)院，她們被很好地照顧(attend)。15．A．a(chǎn)ctions B．challengesC．a(chǎn)lternatives D．chancesC根據(jù)上文“Evanstookoffhisshirtandshoeswithout____，divingintothewater.”可知，埃文斯毫不猶豫地跳下河救人，說(shuō)明當(dāng)時(shí)情況緊急沒(méi)有其他的選擇(alternative)。Test2體裁主題語(yǔ)境難度夾敘夾議文特殊的糖果店★★★☆☆(2024·泰安一模)IwasinWashingtoncoveringaconference.However,Icameacrossacurious-looking1shopwithitsdoorpartlyopen.Citizensheresaidithadbeenlikethat2aslongastheycouldremember,butnooneknew3．“Maybetheownerisjustlazy，”I4theshadyentrance,eagertofindoutthereason.A(n)5“Welcome！”camefromaman'svoice.AndoutwalkedMr.Smith,the90-year-old6ofthiscandyshopwhichIsuddenlyrealizedhad7candies.Mr.Smithexplainedtheplacewasacandystoreopenedbyhim50yearsago,buthisenergy8inoldagesohesoldnothingforlong.IadmiredMr.Smith'slongexcellentserviceinthearea.Hehada9attitudetolife.IaskedMr.Smithwhyhisstorefrontwasinsuchastate.Mr.Smith,smiling,replied,“I10abagbythedoorthatacustomerlefttwoyearsago.HonestlyIwanttojust11thestore,butbecausethebag'sownermightcomeby12forit,Ikeepthedooropenjustalittlebit.”IwasmovedtotearsbyMr.Smith'sshockingly13deeds.Ithenlookeddown,andsureenoughtherewasasmallbagonthecounterwithapaperthatread,“14Item.”IlefttheshopfeelingbetterabouthumanityandwasgladtherearepeoplelikeMr.Smithlivingthegoodlifeandkeeping15forever.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】作者講述了自己在華盛頓遇到的一次溫暖的經(jīng)歷。一位糖果店店主因年歲變大，精力有限，想要關(guān)掉店鋪。但兩年前有一位顧客把包遺忘在店里，店鋪雖然不再開(kāi)門營(yíng)業(yè)，但店主每天都把門半開(kāi)，等待著顧客來(lái)尋找他的包。1．A．clothing B．foodC．fruit D．candyD根據(jù)下文thiscandyshop、acandystore可知，這是一家糖果(candy)店。2．A．everyday B．occasionallyC．everynight D．recentlyA根據(jù)上文“shopwithitsdoorpartlyopen”可知，人們對(duì)這家店鋪不營(yíng)業(yè)卻每天(everyday)半開(kāi)著門的情況很好奇，但不知道為什么(why)。3．A．when B．whereC．why D．howC參見(jiàn)上題解析。4．A．a(chǎn)pproached B．leftC．broke D．ignoredA根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者走近(approach)店鋪，想要探究原因。5．A．official B．enthusiasticC．elegant D．humbleB根據(jù)下文“IadmiredMr.Smith'slongexcellentserviceinthearea.”可知，多年來(lái)店主的服務(wù)態(tài)度非常好，應(yīng)該對(duì)顧客是很熱情的(enthusiastic)。6．A．supplier B．ownerC．customer D．employeeB根據(jù)下文“Mr.Smithexplainedtheplacewasacandystoreopenedbyhim50yearsago”可知，史密斯先生是糖果店的店主(owner)。7．A．many B．someC．various D．noD根據(jù)下文“sohesoldnothingforlong”可知，這家糖果店現(xiàn)在并沒(méi)(no)有糖果。8．A．brokeoff B．calmeddownC．wentup D．fadedawayD根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，老人想要關(guān)閉店鋪，應(yīng)該是因?yàn)樗木λネ?fadeaway)。9．A．pessimistic B．positiveC．humorous D．coolB根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及上下文可知，老人的生活態(tài)度是積極的(positive)。10．A．buy B．sellC．keep D．exhibitC根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，店主是幫忙保存(keep)著兩年前顧客遺忘在店里的包。11．A．manage B．exchangeC．open D．closeD根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，史密斯想要關(guān)閉(close)店鋪，但因?yàn)閾?dān)心失主回來(lái)找(lookfor)包才半開(kāi)著門。12．A．looking B．payingC．charging D．longingA參見(jiàn)上題解析。13．A．unbelievable B．sweetC．odd D．sensibleB根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者被史密斯善良的(sweet)行為感動(dòng)了。14．A．Recommended B．FoundC．Lost D．DesertedB根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，紙上寫(xiě)著“撿到的(found)物品”。15．A．patience B．silenceC．faith D．touchC根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者通過(guò)此次經(jīng)歷對(duì)人性有了更好的認(rèn)識(shí)，很高興還有像史密斯這樣保持信念(faith)的人。專題強(qiáng)化練(十七)Test1(2024·汕頭二模)EllaSmithinCalifornialearnedalessononanordinary2016day.Thatis,asimpleactofkindnesscanmakea1impactonsomeone'sday.ThevideobeginswithElla,aged6,sittingwithafullplateofsteakandpotatoes.“CanIjustgiveittohim？”Ella2asksherfather.“Goahead，”herfather3.Ellaquicklyhurriesfromthetable,fullof4，withthefullplateoffoodandaforkoutsidetherestaurant.Fromthe5oftherestaurantwindow,Ella'sfatherproudlywatcheshisdaughter.Ellathen6ahomelessmansittingonabenchrightoutsidetherestaurantwiththefullmealandafork.Theman7acceptsthemeal.Ella'sfather,unableto8hispride,repeats，“That'smygirl.”AsEllamakesherwaybackintotherestaurant,thehomelessmanlooksbackbefore9thehotmeal.“Goodjob,Ella！”herfathershouts.“Ithinkyoujustmadehisweek.Howdoesthatmakeyoufeel？”Ellarespondswithherface10，“Ilikeit！”Ella'sfatherdescribesthemomentfullof11：“Mydaughterlearnedavaluablelessonbygivingbacktopeoplethathaveless.Ellasawahomelessguyoutsidetherestaurantandgavehimhersteakandpotatodinner.Proudfathermoment！”It'sa(n)12thatshowshowitjust13onepersontomakeadifference.Whetherafriendorstranger,akindactcan14alongway.There'snoendtoactsofkindnessforkids,oranyoneofany15，todo.AswecanseefromElla'sselflessness,itjustmaymakesomeone'sday.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過(guò)講述艾拉幫助無(wú)家可歸的人的故事來(lái)說(shuō)明一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的善舉可以對(duì)他人的一天產(chǎn)生影響的道理。1．A．formal B．sympatheticC．significant D．necessaryC根據(jù)下文“Whetherafriendorstranger,akindactcan____alongway.”可知，空處應(yīng)是和文章結(jié)尾相呼應(yīng)，所以應(yīng)該是重要的(significant)影響。2．A．sincerely B．intenselyC．guiltily D．humorouslyA根據(jù)上文“CanIjustgiveittohim？”可知，艾拉是想幫助他人，所以應(yīng)該是真誠(chéng)地(sincerely)問(wèn)她的父親，以尋求同意。3．A．challenges B．designsC．distributes D．a(chǎn)pprovesD根據(jù)上文“Goahead”可知，艾拉的父親同意(approve)了她的請(qǐng)求。4．A．motion B．motiveC．entertainment D．predictionB根據(jù)上文“Ella____asksherfather.”可知，艾拉真心地想幫助他人，當(dāng)她的父親同意后，她應(yīng)該是充滿動(dòng)力(motive)的。5．A．structure B．receptionC．column D．paintingA根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指艾拉的父親通過(guò)窗戶看她，結(jié)合實(shí)際，應(yīng)是從窗戶的構(gòu)造(structure)看出去。6．A．a(chǎn)ssesses B．transformsC．a(chǎn)pproaches D．introducesC根據(jù)下文“Theman____acceptsthemeal.”可知，艾拉走近(approach)一個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的男人，把食物給他。7．A．confidently B．happilyC．curiously D．successfullyB根據(jù)下文“Ithinkyoujustmadehisweek.”可知，男人是高興地(happily)接受了食物。8．A．contain B．defeatC．seize D．distinguishA根據(jù)下文“That'smygirl.”可知，艾拉的父親對(duì)她感到非常驕傲，所以是不能抑制(contain)自己的驕傲之情。9．A．puttingdown B．breakingdownC．knockinginto D．diggingintoD根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，男人快樂(lè)地接受了食物，所以此處應(yīng)該是開(kāi)始吃東西。digintothemeal意為“狼吞虎咽”。10．A．lifting B．pityingC．shining D．clarifyingC根據(jù)下文“Ilikeit！”可知，艾拉很喜歡幫助他人，此時(shí)她剛幫助一個(gè)人，所以臉上發(fā)光(shine)，很高興。11．A．recreation B．prideC．stimulation D．confusionB根據(jù)下文“Proudfathermoment！”可知，艾拉的父親充滿自豪(pride)。12．A．consultation B．referenceC．encounter D．difficultyC根據(jù)上文可知，艾拉看到一個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的人并幫助了他，所以是一次邂逅(encounter)。13．A．a(chǎn)nticipates B．reservesC．counts D．takesD根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示僅需要一個(gè)人就可以產(chǎn)生影響。ittakessb.todo...意為“需要某人做……”。14．A．go B．strikeC．decline D．illustrateA根據(jù)下文“itjustmaymakesomeone'sday”可知，善意的行為對(duì)人大有幫助。goalongway意為“對(duì)什么大有幫助、起了很大的作用”。15．A．strength B．a(chǎn)geC．education D．toleranceB根據(jù)上文“There'snoendtoactsofkindnessforkids”可知，空處應(yīng)是和kids作對(duì)比，表明對(duì)孩子或任何年齡(age)的任何人來(lái)說(shuō)，善舉是沒(méi)有盡頭的。Test2(2024·衡陽(yáng)二模)Astormblewupoverthestate.Inthemorning,Ifoundababybirdintheyard.Hewaswetthrough,lookingvery1forhimself.Hewasalone,withno2around.Realizinghewas3bythestorm,Ipickedhimupandmadeabig“house”forhim,filledwithsomegrassand4．Hewasvery5atfirst.Butastime6hefinallybecameoutgoingandsatonmyshoulderasIwalkedintheyard.Fromthenon,he7becameamemberofmyfamily.Heatesomeofthedog'smeatandsomeinsectsI8tofind.Twoweeksgoingby,hedecidedtoflyoffonhisown!Iwasgladhe9andwasabletolivehislifeasheshould.Aboutoneyearlater,Iwasintheyardagain,thistimehangingoutsome10whenabigbirdflewdownand11onmyshoulder!Hewasnotabit12andIknewitwashim.Stayingforawhile,heflewoffupintothe13，disappearing.Awildbirdcamebacktosay,“Thankyoufor14me.”Fantastic!15thelittlething,Iexperiencedastrongsenseofsatisfaction.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在一場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雨后收養(yǎng)了一只可憐的小鳥(niǎo)的故事。小鳥(niǎo)長(zhǎng)大后飛回來(lái)表示感謝，作者對(duì)此感到非常滿足。1．A．sorry B．gratefulC．proud D．happyA根據(jù)上文“Astormblewupoverthestate.Inthemorning,Ifoundababybirdintheyard.”可知，一夜暴風(fēng)雨后，小鳥(niǎo)濕透了，看上去很難過(guò)的(sorry)樣子。2．A．food B．signC．parent D．peopleC根據(jù)上文Hewasalone可知，小鳥(niǎo)的父母(parent)不在身邊。3．A．found B．a(chǎn)ttackedC．destroyed D．troubledB根據(jù)下文bythestorm可知，小鳥(niǎo)被暴風(fēng)雨襲擊(attack)了。4．A．flowers B．branchesC．trees D．toysB根據(jù)上文withsomegrassand可知，房子里放了草和樹(shù)枝(branch)。5．A．noisy B．relievedC．satisfied D．quietD根據(jù)下文“hefinallybecameoutgoingandsatonmyshoulder”可知，一開(kāi)始小鳥(niǎo)很羞怯安靜(quiet)，后來(lái)才外向起來(lái)。6．A．wentaway B．brokeoutC．passedby D．caughtupC根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指隨著時(shí)間的流逝(passby)。7．A．officially B．secretlyC．luckily D．surprisinglyA根據(jù)下文“becameamemberofmyfamily”及語(yǔ)境可知，小鳥(niǎo)正式(officially)成為作者的家庭成員。8．A．expected B．intendedC．promised D．managedD根據(jù)上文someinsects可知，作者設(shè)法(manage)給小鳥(niǎo)找蟲(chóng)子吃。9．A．escaped B．recoveredC．rested D．survivedB根據(jù)上文“Twoweeksgoingby,hedecidedtoflyoffonhisown！”可知，小鳥(niǎo)康復(fù)(recover)了。10．A．washings B．teachingsC．buildings D．findingsA根據(jù)上文“Iwasintheyardagain”可知，在院子里最有可能是在晾衣服(washing)。11．A．drank B．sleptC．a(chǎn)te D．landedD根據(jù)下文onmyshoulder可知，大鳥(niǎo)降落(land)到了作者的肩膀上。12．A．a(chǎn)stonished B．a(chǎn)ngryC．a(chǎn)fraid D．calmC根據(jù)上文“whenabigbirdflewdown”可知，這只大鳥(niǎo)一點(diǎn)也不害怕(afraid)作者。13．A．gallery B．yardC．house D．skyD根據(jù)下文disappearing可知，大鳥(niǎo)飛向了天空(sky)。14．A．serving B．rescuingC．curing D．makingB根據(jù)上文可知，作者救助(rescue)了一只小鳥(niǎo)，小鳥(niǎo)長(zhǎng)大后飛回來(lái)向作者表示感謝。15．A．Thanksto B．InspiteofC．Inadditionto D．NexttoA根據(jù)下文“Iexperiencedastrongsenseofsatisfaction”可知，作者也因(thanksto)鳥(niǎo)的謝意而感到非常滿足。Test3(2024·福建三校協(xié)作5月聯(lián)考)IneverycountryI'vebeentoonmyjourneytoAntarctica,I'vemetamazingandkindstrangerswhohavemademytravelseasier,safer,andmorefun.Ionce1threesuchpeopleinasmallQuitobusstation.Wewereforcedto2ataxiwhennobuscouldbefound.Sittingfourinthebackseatforanhourforcedyoutogettoknowothersquitewell.My3Rositatoldmeaboutherself:Colombian,livinginTorontoforthepast30years,nowgoingbackto4relativeswithherbrotherandsister.AndItoldthemmy5:Antarctica,alone.Thenwhenwe6caughtournextbustoGuayaquil,aneight-hourjourney,wemade7stopsalongthewayandRosita'sbrotherJoseoalwaystookcareofmy8whileIwenttobuyfood.Iwas9.AtnightwearrivedatGuayaquil,whereIhadtofindabusforPeruthenextday.AlthoughRositahadmetupwithherfamily,she10notleavingwithouthelpingmefindmyway.Joseoaskedaroundandgotthe11ofthebusstation.JustwhenIplannedtosaygoodbye,JoseoandRosita12todrivemethere,fortheythoughtitwasnotsafeforagirltotravelaloneatnight.Happily,wefoundthestationwithouttoomuch13andtheyhelped14meinanearbyhotel.Howkind-heartedand15theywere!【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在去南極洲旅行的路上遇到很多陌生人，這些人讓作者的旅行變得更容易、更安全、更有趣的故事。1．A．motivated B．entertainedC．encountered D．investigatedC根據(jù)上文“I'vemetamazingandkindstrangerswhohavemademytravelseasier,safer,andmorefun.”可知，此處指作者遇到(encounter)三個(gè)陌生人。2．A．share B．repairC．drive D．parkA根據(jù)下文“whennobuscouldbefound”可知，因?yàn)檎也坏焦财?，所以大家只能共?share)一輛出租車。3．A．guest B．partnerC．guide D．neighborD根據(jù)上文“Sittingfourinthebackseat”可知，作者和三個(gè)陌生人坐在一輛出租車?yán)?，因此成了“鄰?neighbor)”。4．A．visit B．rescueC．educate D．trickA根據(jù)下文的relatives可知，此處表示羅西塔是回來(lái)探(visit)親。5．A．a(chǎn)ttitude B．a(chǎn)dviceC．destination D．solutionC根據(jù)下文Antarctica可知，作者的目的地(destination)是南極洲。6．A．previously B．frequentlyC．eventually D．temporarilyC根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示作者和三個(gè)陌生人終于(eventually)趕上了下一班開(kāi)往瓜亞基爾的巴士。7．A．instant B．wrongC．impossible D．periodicD根據(jù)上文aneight-hourjourney可知，在漫長(zhǎng)的旅途中，作者會(huì)定期(periodic)停下來(lái)。8．A．emotions B．possessionsC．expenses D．a(chǎn)ccommodationsB根據(jù)下文“whileIwenttobuyfood”可知，當(dāng)作者去買東西的時(shí)候，羅西塔的哥哥會(huì)幫助看管作者的物品(possession)。9．A．honest B．gratefulC．generous D．regretfulB根據(jù)上文“Rosita'sbrotherJoseoalwaystookcareofmy____whileIwenttobuyfood”可知，作者對(duì)他人的幫助非常感激(grateful)。10．A．insistedon B．dreamedofC．believedin D．worriedaboutA根據(jù)下文“notleavingwithouthelpingmefindmyway”可知，雖然羅西塔和她的家人見(jiàn)了面，但她堅(jiān)持(insiston)不幫作者找到路就不走。11．A．review B．a(chǎn)nnouncementC．a(chǎn)ddress D．photographC根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示約瑟打聽(tīng)到了汽車站的地址(address)。12．A．happened B．decidedC．pretended D．hesitatedB根據(jù)下文“fortheythoughtitwasnotsafeforagirltotravelaloneatnight”可知，約瑟和羅西塔決定(decide)開(kāi)車送作者去那個(gè)汽車站，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為一個(gè)女孩在晚上單獨(dú)旅行不安全。13．A．difficulty B．preparationC．permission D．sympathyA根據(jù)上文Happily及語(yǔ)境可知，作者沒(méi)有太大困難(difficulty)就找到了車站。14．A．discover B．disciplineC．protect D．settleD根據(jù)下文inanearbyhotel可知，約瑟和羅西塔幫助作者在附近的一家旅館安頓(settle)下來(lái)。15．A．hopeful B．thoughtfulC．skillful D．peacefulB根據(jù)上文“JustwhenIplannedtosaygoodbye...theyhelped____meinanearbyhotel.”可知，在作者打算告別的時(shí)候，約瑟和羅西塔的幫助讓作者覺(jué)得他們是非常善良和體貼的(thoughtful)。專題強(qiáng)化練(十八)Test1(2024·濟(jì)寧二模)Onesummernightinaseasidecottage,asmallboywasinbed,soundasleep.Suddenly,hefelthimself1frombedandcarriedinhisfather'sarmsontothebeach.Overheadwastheclearstarrysky.“Watch！”Ashisfatherspoke,2，oneofthestarsmoved.It3acrosstheskylikeagoldenfire.Andbeforethe4ofthiscouldfade,anotherstarleaptfromitsplace,thenanother...“Whatisit？”thechildaskedin5．“Shootingstars.They6everyyearonacertainnightinAugust.”Thatwasall:justan7encounterofsomethingmagicandbeautiful.But,backinbed,thechildstaredintothedark,withmindfullofthefallingstars.Iwasthe8seven-year-oldboywhosefatherbelievedthatanewexperience9moreforasmallboythananunbrokennight'ssleep.Thatnight,myfatheropenedadoorforhischild,leadinghimintoanareaofsplendid10．Childrenarenaturallycurious,buttheyneedsomeoneto11them.Thisartofaddingnewdimensionstoachild'sworlddoesn't12requireagreatdealoftime.Itsimply13doingthingsmoreoftenwithchildreninsteadofforthemortothem.Goodparentsknowthis:Themostpreciousgifttheycangiveachildistosparktheirflameof14.Thatnightisstilldeeply15inmymemory.Nextyear,whenAugustcomeswithitsshootingstars,mysonwillbeseven.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者的父親在作者七歲時(shí)的一個(gè)晚上抱作者到海灘看流星，激發(fā)了作者的好奇心的故事，進(jìn)而指出好的父母都知道給孩子的最珍貴的禮物就是激發(fā)他們的好奇心。1．A．hidden B．robbedC．lifted D．kickedC根據(jù)下文“andcarriedinhisfather'sarmsontothebeach”可知，此處指男孩被父親從床上抱起來(lái)(lift)。2．A．incredibly B．a(chǎn)ccidentallyC．a(chǎn)pparently D．a(chǎn)ctuallyA根據(jù)上文“Watch！”及下文“oneofthestarsmoved”可知，一顆星星在男孩父親說(shuō)話的時(shí)候開(kāi)始移動(dòng)，這讓人覺(jué)得不可思議(incredibly)。3．A．exploded B．circledC．spread D．flashedD根據(jù)下文“acrosstheskylikeagoldenfire...thenanother...”可知，此處指星星劃過(guò)(flash)夜空。4．A．success B．wonderC．exhibition D．discoveryB根據(jù)上文“oneofthestarsmoved”及下文“anotherstarleaptfromitsplace,thenanother...”可知，一顆接著一顆的星星不斷地在天空中劃過(guò)，這是個(gè)奇跡(wonder)。5．A．a(chǎn)mazement B．horrorC．relief D．delightA根據(jù)上文“oneofthestarsmoved...anotherstarleaptfromitsplace,thenanother...”可知，星星一顆接著一顆從天空中劃過(guò)的景象，對(duì)孩子來(lái)說(shuō)是很驚訝(amazement)的事。6．A．blowup B．turnupC．showoff D．giveoutB根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，此處指每年八月的某個(gè)晚上流星都會(huì)出現(xiàn)(turnup)。7．A．uncomfortable B．unbearableC．undetected D．unexpectedD根據(jù)上文“Shootingstars.”及下文“encounterofsomethingmagicandbeautiful”可知，此處指男孩意外(unexpected)看到流星。8．A．curious B．determinedC．fortunate D．chosenC根據(jù)上文講述男孩意外看到流星的事情可知，此處作者說(shuō)自己就是那個(gè)幸運(yùn)的(fortunate)男孩。9．A．worked B．matteredC．deserved D．provedB根據(jù)上文anewexperience及下文“moreforasmallboythananunbrokennight'ssleep”可知，此處指新的經(jīng)歷更重要(matter)。10．A．newness B．emptinessC．freedom D．innovationA根據(jù)下文“Thisartofaddingnewdimensionstoachild'sworld”可知，父親帶作者看到流星，讓作者了解到新事物(newness)。11．A．protect B．challengeC．guide D．believeC根據(jù)上文“myfatheropenedadoorforhischild,leadinghimintoanarea”可知，此處指孩子要有人引導(dǎo)(guide)。12．A．a(chǎn)bsolutely B．basicallyC．possibly D．necessarilyD根據(jù)下文“Itsimply____doingthingsmoreoftenwithchildreninsteadofforthemortothem.”可知，此處指給孩子的世界增添新維度的藝術(shù)并不一定(necessarily)需要很多時(shí)間。13．A．involves B．risksC．a(chǎn)dmits D．resistsA根據(jù)上文“doesn't____requireagreatdealoftime”及下文“doingthingsmoreoftenwithchildren”可知，為孩子的世界增添新維度需要(involve)父母和孩子們一起做事。14．A．hope B．curiosityC．faith D．wisdomB根據(jù)上文“Childrenarenaturallycurious”可知，此處指好的父母知道激發(fā)孩子們的好奇心(curiosity)。15．A．trapped B．setC．lost D．rootedD根據(jù)下文“Nextyear,whenAugustcomeswithitsshootingstars,mysonwillbeseven.”可知，作者打算在明年的八月份的某個(gè)夜晚帶自己七歲的兒子看流星，由此可推知，父親帶作者一起看流星的那個(gè)夜晚植根于作者的記憶中。berootedin意為“植根于”。Test2(2024·廣東名校5月模擬)Theworldisfullofopportunities.Ignoringthemorseizingonedependsonone'sattitude.Mikeseizedthechanceanddidwhathewantedtodo.Mikeusedtobeajanitor(看門人)atanelementaryschool.Hecollectedandclearedawaythe1fortheschooltoo.Thisschoolhasa2placeinMike'sheart.Hewenttothisschoolasayoungboyandwasateachertherefor19years.However,beforehiscareerinteaching,he3inthesameschoolasajanitor.Hehasalwaysbeengoodat4withstudents.Seeingthis,theteachers5himtopursueateachingcareer.Afteryearsofhardworkandfierce6，Mikefinishedhisdegreein2003and7ateachingjobattheelementaryschool.Sincethen,hehasbecomeaconstant8intheschool.Mikefoundteachingaveryrewardingjob.Forhim,itisimportantthatthestudentsgrowupnotjustrememberingthe9butalsorememberinghowateachermadethemfeel.Mikewasexcitedtoteachthechildrenattheschoolandwas10toteachthefifthgrade.Hewasshockedwhenthedirectorsofferedhimthe11ofprincipalaweekbeforetheschoolyearstarted.“Iam12grateful.Idon'tdoanythingspecial.Ijust13and