專題10-概要寫作(解析版)-五年(2017-2021)高考英語真題分項(xiàng)匯編(浙江專用)

五年（2017-2021）高考英語真題分項(xiàng)匯編（浙江專用）概要寫作1.（2019年6月，浙江高考）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Parentseverywherepraisetheirkids.JennBerman,authorofTheAtoZGuidetoRaisingHappyandConfidentKids,says,“We’vegonetotheoppositeextremeofafewdecadesagowhenparentstendedtobemorestrict.”Bygivingkidsalotofpraise,parentsthinkthey’rebuildingtheirchildren’sconfidence,when,infact,itmaybejusttheopposite.Toomuchpraisecanbackfireand,whengiveninawaythat’sinsincere,makekidsafraidtotrynewthingsortakeariskforfearofnotbeingabletostayontopwheretheirparents’praisehasputthem.Still,don’tgotoofarintheotherdirection.Notgivingenoughpraisecanbejustasdamagingasgivingtoomuch.Kidswillfeellikethey’renotgoodenoughorthatyoudon’tcareand,asaresult,mayseenopointintryinghardfortheiraccomplishments.Sowhatistherightamountofpraise?Expertssaythatthequalityofpraiseismoreimportantthanthequantity.Ifpraiseissincereandfocusedontheeffortnottheoutcome,youcangiveitasoftenasyourchilddoessomethingthatdeservesaverbalreward.“Weshouldespeciallyrecognizeourchildren’seffortstopushthemselvesandworkhardtoachieveagoal,”saysDonahue,authorofParentingWithoutFear:LettingGoofWorryandFocusingonWhatReallyMatters.“Onethingtorememberisthatit’stheprocessnottheendproductthatmatters.”Yoursonmaynotbethebestbasketballplayeronhisteam.Butifhe’soutthereeverydayandplayinghard,youshouldpraisehiseffortregardlessofwhetherhisteamwinsorloses.Praisingtheeffortandnottheoutcomecanalsomeanrecognizingyourchildwhenshehasworkedhardtocleantheyard,cookdinner,orfinishabookreport.Butwhateveritis,praiseshouldbegivenonacase-by-casebasisandbeproportionate(相稱的)totheamountofeffortyourchildhasputintoit.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Parentstendtogotoextremeswhenitcomestopraisingtheirkids.(要點(diǎn)一)Yet,bothtoomuchandtoolittlepraisecanbeequallydamaging.(要點(diǎn)二)Whengivingpraise,parentsshouldbesincereandconcentrateontheprocessinsteadoftheresult.(要點(diǎn)三)Similarly,theyoughttogivepraiseforhowmuchefforttheirkidshaveinvestedintheworkthey’reinvolvedin.(要點(diǎn)四)【解析】本次浙江高考書面表達(dá)采用了概要寫作題型。概要寫作是閱讀理解和書面表達(dá)的溝通橋梁，考查的是學(xué)生在實(shí)現(xiàn)自由的思維表達(dá)之前，對他人的信息在理解的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行概括表達(dá)的能力。選材上，提供一篇350詞以內(nèi)的短文，題材不限，要求考生寫出一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要?！驹斀狻客瓿梢黄乓獙懽?，需要經(jīng)過三個(gè)步驟，1.讀懂原文，抓住段落主題句。在閱讀過程中，需要準(zhǔn)確把握文章的段落大意，學(xué)會剔除非重要信息，弄清楚不同體裁的文章的內(nèi)部邏輯關(guān)系以及文章的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)。2.組織語言，轉(zhuǎn)換表達(dá)。在找到主題句明確全文中心的基礎(chǔ)上，組織好語言，注重語言表達(dá)的獨(dú)立性和準(zhǔn)確性以及高級性，不全盤照抄原文句子，盡量用自己的語言轉(zhuǎn)換表達(dá)，同時(shí)要注意篇幅的比例安排，用較多的文字去表達(dá)重要的內(nèi)容。3.通讀全文，邏輯連貫。要牢記各段落要點(diǎn)之間的邏輯關(guān)系和自然銜接，用恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)詞去連貫全文。2.（2018年11月，浙江高考）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。It’sareallygoodideatovisitcollegesbeforeyouapplybecausetheirwebsitescanallstarttolookandsoundthesame.Nothingwillgiveyouthesenseofwhatitwillactuallybeliketoliveonacollegecampus(校園)likevisitingandseeingforyourselfthedorms,classroomsandathleticequipmentand,ofcourse,thestudents.Itseemsalittlecrazyoncesenioryearhitstofindthetimetovisitcollegecampuses,anditcanalsobepriceyiftheschoolsyouareapplyingtohappentobemorethanacarrideaway.Butkeepinmindthatyouaremakingadecisionaboutthenextfouryearsofyourlife,anddoalltheresearchyoucantomakesureyouaremakingtherightone.There’snoexcusenottovisittheschoolsinyourlocalarea.Infact,alotofcollegeapplicationsevenaskifyouhavevisitedcampus,andobviously,ifyouliveacrossthecountrythatwon’tbeasmuchofapossibility,butifyoulivenearby,gocheckitout!Ifcampusvisitsaren’tgoingtohappenbeforeyouapply,attheveryleastyoushouldfindsometimebetweenapplyingandgettingyouracceptanceletterstovisittheschoolsyou’dliketoattend.Itcansaveyoualotofheartacheifyouruleoutnowthethingsthatyoudon’tlikeaboutcertaincampuses,thingsthatyouwouldn’tknowunlessyouactuallyvisit.Now,iftimeandmoneyaremakingitimpossible,thencheckouttheonlinecollegefairsatCollegeWeekLive.It’sachancetochatonlinewithadmissionsofficers,students,andcollegecounselors(顧問),anditwon’tcostyouapenny!Youcanregisterforitsonlinecollegefairat.Whilevisitinganonlinecollegefaircan’ttaketheplaceofanactualcampusvisit,itcanbeaveryusefultoolthatalongwithallyourotherresearchwillhelpyoumakeaninformeddecisionaboutwhichcollegesoruniversitiesyou’dliketoattend._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】It’sreallyworthwhiletopayavisittotheirdesiredcollegespersonallybeforeapplying.Undoubtedly,studentsshouldvisittheirlocalcolleges,whichmaybeincludedinapplications.Atleast,theyshouldvisittheschoolandfigureoutitsrealconditionsinadvance.Forstudentswhoareshortofmoneyandtime,registeringfortheonlinecollegefairisagoodalternativetohelpthembetterunderstandschools.【解析】本文要求閱讀短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要，即用盡可能少的詞匯集中展現(xiàn)原材料的主要思想和觀點(diǎn)。這主要是考查學(xué)生把握文章主旨大意和段落大意的能力以及總結(jié)概括能力，熟練掌握從句、非謂語動詞等語法知識和遣詞造句的能力?！驹斀狻?.要先讀懂、讀透原作。這是準(zhǔn)確再現(xiàn)原文、寫好概要的前提。動筆前多讀兩遍原文，直至弄懂讀透。2.抓住文中的關(guān)鍵句，確定寫作主題。開頭It'sareallygoodideatovisitcollegesbeforeyouapply點(diǎn)明了本文主題；Butkeepinmindthatyouaremakingadecisionaboutthenextfouryearsofyourlife,anddoalltheresearchyoucantomakesureyouaremakingtherightone.There’snoexcusenottovisittheschoolsinyourlocalarea.說明了去大學(xué)看看的必要性和可行性；Ifcampusvisitsaren’tgoingtohappenbeforeyouapply,attheveryleastyoushouldfindsometimebetweenapplyingandgettingyouracceptanceletterstovisittheschoolsyou’dliketoattend.在時(shí)間上提供了更多選擇；iftimeandmoneyaremakingitimpossible,thencheckouttheonlinecollegefairsatCollegeWeekLive.為不能親自去大學(xué)看的學(xué)生提供了另外一種方法。3.擬好提綱。有了提綱，寫概要時(shí)就會有章法，也不會遺漏原作中的要點(diǎn)。4.快速成文，反復(fù)推敲。按照文章要求和擬好的提綱一氣呵成，寫完初稿。5.對照修改潤色，再讀原文，查看是否漏掉了重要信息或主要內(nèi)容。用詞是否恰當(dāng)，可有可無的刪掉。注意詞類、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)的適當(dāng)調(diào)整。【點(diǎn)睛】范文觀點(diǎn)明確，重點(diǎn)突出，語言簡練，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)。作者在范文中使用了較多高級表達(dá)方式，如定語從句whichmaybeincludedinapplications.和whoareshortofmoneyandtime.動名詞registeringonline作主語，顯示了很高的駕馭英語的能力。附：高考模擬試題1．（2021·浙江高三二模）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Weshouldn'tjudgeapersonbytheirappearancebutwedo.Infact,theexpertssaythatwhenwemeetsomeoneforthefirsttimewemakeadecisionaboutwhatthatpersonislikeinthreeseconds.Butwhatdowelookat?Oneofthemostimportantthingsisclothes,butitisn'tthebrandofclothesthatpeoplewearthatisimportant.Theimportantthingistoweartherightclothesfortheoccasion.Schoolshavealwaysunderstoodthisandalotofthemasktheirstudentstowearauniform.Why?Alotofteachersthinkauniformmakesstudentsfeelthattheyarepartoftheirschoolandthattheiruniformhelpsthemtobeseriousabouttheirstudies.Teacherssaythatuniformscanhelpinotherwaystoo.Ifallthestudentswearuniforms,theycan'tjudgeeachotherbecauseoftheirclothes.Italsoavoidsargumentsaboutwhoorwhatisfashionable.However，itisnotonlyschoolsthatwantpeopletodressinacertainway.Weallhavefixedideasaboutwhatthepeopleinacertainprofessionshouldwear.Ifwevisitadoctor，weexpecttoseerespectableclothesunderthedoctor'swhitecoat.Whenwegointoabankweexpectthestafftowearsuitsordresses.Policeofficerswearuniformstodetercrimebyestablishingavisiblepresencewhileonpatrol.Infact,alotofcompanieshavedresscodesfortheirstaffbecausetheyknowthatthecustomersexpecttoseethemdressedincertaintypesofclothes.Butcanourclothesreallytellpeoplewhatwearelike?Maybenot，buttheycanshowourattitudetowhatwearedoingatthemoment.Whenpeopleseeusintherightclothes，theythinkweareseriousaboutwhatwearedoing.Furthermore,ifweareclean,smartandpolite,peoplewillhaveconfidenceinus._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考答案】Wearingproperclothesisimportantforpeople'sfirstimpressions.Forexample,schoolsaskstudentstowearauniformbecauseitbenefitstheminvariousways.Besidesschools,otherplaces,likehospitals,banks,policestationsandsomecompaniesalsowanttheirstafftodressinuniformsbecauseofconvenienceandseriousness.Inconclusion,ourclothescanshowourattitudeandwinconfidencefromothers.2．（2021·浙江紹興市·紹興一中）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Withbusylives,itcanbehardtofindtimetovolunteer.However,thebenefitsofvolunteeringcanbeenormous.Themoreyouvolunteer,themorebenefitsyouwillexperience.Ofcourse,volunteeringdoesnothavetoinvolvealong-termcommitmentortakeahugeamountoftimeoutofyourbusydays.Givinginevensimplewayscanhelpthoseinneedandimproveyourhealthandhappiness.Oneofthebetter-knownbenefitsofvolunteeringistheimpactonthecommunity.Volunteeringallowsyoutoconnecttoyourcommunityandmakeitabetterplace.Evenhelpingoutwiththesmallesttaskscanmakearealdifferencetothelivesofpeople,animals,andorganizationsinneed.Andvolunteeringisatwo-waystreet.Itcanbenefityouandyourfamilyasmuchasthecauseyouchoosetohelpwith.Dedicatingyourtimeasavolunteerhelpsyoumakenewfriends,expandyournetwork,andboostyoursocialskills.Volunteeringprovidesmanybenefitstobothmentalandphysicalhealth.Almosteveryonehastofightagainststress,anger,andanxiety.Thesocialcontactaspectofhelpingandworkingwithotherscanhaveaprofoundeffectonyouroverallpsychologicalwell-being.Nothingrelievesstressbetterthanameaningfulconnectiontoanotherperson.Workingwithpetsandotheranimalshasalsobeenshowntoimprovemoodandreducestressandanxiety.Volunteeringcanalsoadvanceyourcareer.Ifyou’reconsideringanewcareer,volunteeringcanhelpyougetexperienceinyourareaofinterestandmeetpeopleinthefield.Evenifyou’renotplanningonchangingcareers,volunteeringgivesyoutheopportunitytopracticeimportantskillsusedintheworkplace,suchasteamwork,communication,problemsolving,projectplanning,taskmanagement,andorganization.Youmightfeelmorecomfortablestretchingyourwingsatworkonceyou’vedevelopedtheseskillsinavolunteerpositionfirst.Thussaid,volunteeringmeansdonatingyourvaluabletime,soit’simportantthatyouenjoyandbenefitfromyourvolunteering.Itbringsyoubenefitsinanumberofways,butitdoesn’thavetotakeoveryourlifetobebeneficial.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考答案】Volunteeringbringsmanybenefitstoyou.Firstlyofall,youcangiveahandtothosewhoareinneedofhelpanditdoesn'trequireagreatdealoftimeandenergy.Secondly,itisreallyhappyandmeaningfulwhenyouhelpotherssolveproblemssuccessfully,whichisgoodforyourmentalandphysicalhealth.Finally,bydoingvoluntaryworkyoucanalsoimprovesocialskillsandpromotecareerdevelopment.3．（2021·浙江溫州市·高三二模）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Feelinghungry?Ifyou'refeelingstarved,whatistheeasiestwaytosatisfyyourhunger?Manyofuswillreachforatakeawaymenuandordersomedeliciousbutpossiblyunhealthyfood.Andourincreasinglybusylifeaddstoourneedtobuyready-madefoodonthegoordeliveredtoourhome.Eatingoptionsareendless,andnewtechnologymeanswecanfeedourdesireatthepushofabutton.Takeawaydeliveryappsmakeorderingfoodquickandconvenient.Thisisespeciallythecaseduringtherecentcoronaviruscrisis,whenpeoplestuckathomewithnothingtocookorlackedtheskillstoprepareamealforthemselves.It'scalculatedthatintheUKalone,peopleeatthreemilliontakeawaymealsaday,andthethreebiggestdeliveryappstogetherofferachoiceof100cuisinesfrom60,000restaurants.AmeliaBrophy,HeadofUKDataProductsatYouGoy,toldtheBBCthatitsresearch“suggeststhatthefrequencyoftakeawaysorderedisexpectedtoincreaseinthefuture.”It'snowonderwearetempted(誘惑)toskipthegroceryshopping,avoidthekitchen,andtuckinto(大口吃)somethingthatsomeoneelsehasprepared.Butorderingadeepcrustpizza,aspicycurryoraboxofnoodles,cancomeatapricebothfinanciallyandtoourhealth.Eatingtoomuchprocessedandunhealthyfastfoodhassomeeffectonobesityandtheriskofdevelopingcertaindiseases.Childrenandadolescentswhoeatfastfoodatleastthreetimesaweekaremorelikelytodevelopeczema,accordingtoonestudy.Eczemaisaskinconditionthatcausespatchesofitchyskin.Ofcourse,reducingsalt,sugarandfatisonewaytomaketakeawayfoodhealthier.Yet,that'sfarfromenough.Thebestadviceyoumightwanttotakeistofindarecipebookandtrymakingyourownmeal.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考答案】Ifyou'refeelingstarved,whatistheeasiestwaytosatisfyyourhunger?Eatingoptionsareendless,andnewtechnologymeanswecanfeedourdesireatthepushofabutton.It'snowonderwearetemptedtoskipthegroceryshopping,avoidthekitchen,andtuckintosomethingthatsomeoneelsehasprepared.Ofcourse,reducingsalt,sugarandfatisonewaytomaketakeawayfoodhealthier.Thebestadviceyoumightwanttotakeistofindarecipebookandtrymakingyourownmeal.4．（2021·浙江寧波市·高三其他模擬）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Oneproblemupsetsthebusinessofsellingclothesonline-predictinghowagarmentwillfitwithouttryingiton.Enterthebody-measurementsuitfromStartToday,aJapanesefirmthatrunstheZozotownplatformonwhichclothingcompaniesfromaroundtheworldselltheirproducts,aswellasitsownprivatebrand,Zozo.InthepastyearsStanTodayhasdistributedtojustoveronemillionJapanesecustomers,freeofcharge,its“Zozosuit”,askin-tight,full-bodysuitcoveredinaround350fiducialmarkers,smallobjectsthatcanbeusedasapointofreferenceformeasurements.Shopperssliponthesuitandslowlyrotateastheirsmartphonetakesphotos.Thefirmusestheimagestocreatea3Doftheirbody,whichitcanusetoofferarangeofcustomizedservices.Atthemostbasiclevel,whencustomerschooseanitemfromoneofthe6.400brandslistedonZozotown,theplatformusestheZozosuitdatalorecommendtherightsize.Afirst，morehightechversionofthesuitprovedtooexpensive.ButitslatestversioncoststhecompanyonlyV1.000($9)apiece.Besides,thefashionindustryhasnotyetadaptedtomeettheneedsofagenerationaccustomedtobuyingeverythingonline,totheirspecificationsandaitheirconvenience.Butthefirmoffersexactlythat.HowthesuitgelsoniscrucialforStartTodaysfuture.TheZozotownplatformisthegiantofonlinefashionretailinJapan.Itcreatedanddominatesthemarketforonlineclothingsales.Analystspredictitmaybereachingpeaks,becausecustomizedservicescouldattractmorecustomers.ButobserversaremorecautiousaboutwhetherthesuitcanhelpStartTodayonitsotherpathtogrowth:expandingabroad.SinceJulycustomersin72countrieshavebeenabletorequestabody-measurementsuittohelpthembuyclothesfromtheZozolabel.An

attemptafewyearsagoto

taketheZozotownplatformintoChinaandSouthKorea(beforeitcameupwiththe

body-measurementsuit)failed.Fornowatleastthesuitisauniqueservice.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考答案】Tohelpcustomerspurchasesuitableclothesonlinewithouttryingthemon,theZozotownplatforminventedabody-measurementsuit.With350fiducialmarkerstakingpictures，thesuitcreatesa3Dofbodytoofferacustomizedservice.Thusthesuitcanmeettheneedofagenerationaccustomedtobuyingeverythingonlinewithdecreasingcost.Soasobserversreckon，

thesuitmayhelptheZozotownplatformsucceedinothercountriesratherthanJapan.5．（2021·浙江寧波市·高三月考）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Itisimportantthatyouteachyourbabytoreadatanearlyage.Why?Obviously,beingabletoreadisthebasisforanysuccessfuleducation,sotheearliertheystart,thebetter.Alltoooften,parentsleaveeducatingtheirchildrenuptoschools,whichprobablyexplainswhytheUnitedStatesiscurrentlyranked18thinitsrateofreadingandwriting.Teachingyourbabytoreadprovidesbrainexerciseandithasalsobeenshowntoincreasethebaby’sIQbecausethereissimplynobettertimeinaperson’slifeforlearningthanwhentheyarebabies.Duringthistime,theirbrainsaredevelopingrapidly.Thesoonertheybegintoread,thesoonertheycanbegintolearnothersubjects.Thisway,bythetimeyourchildrenbeginschool,theywillalreadyknowwhat’sbeingtaught,andwillbeputonthefasttrack.Maybetheywillevenskipagradedowntheroad.Oneofthecaseswas17-month-oldElizabethBarrettwhodrewpublic’sattention.Shewasgivenaseriesofwordsandevensentencesthatshecouldreadquitewell.Herparentshadbeenreadingtohersinceshewasbornandhadprovidedherwithaveryearlyeducation.Readingisthemostimportantthingtoteachbabiesatayoungage.Itdoesn’thavetobestressfulordifficultforyourchild.Learningcanbefunatsuchanearlyage,anditcanbeaccomplishedsoeasilythattheywon’thavetostruggleinordertolearn.Ifyou’reinterestedinteachingyourbabytoread，thebestwaytostartisbyspendingjustafewminuteseveryday.Flashcardsareahelpfultool.Simplyshowyourbabymatchingpictureontheoppositeside.Therearealsovideosthathelptoteachbabiestoread.Thereisnobettertimetoteachyourbabytoreadthanthepresent.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考答案】Teachingyourbabytoreadasyoungaspossibleiscrucialowingtothenecessityofobtaininggoodeducation.(要點(diǎn)一)Itneedsstartingassoonaspossiblebecausebabies’intelligencewillbeimprovedwhentheirbrainsdevelopfast.(要點(diǎn)二)Importantasitis,relaxationandeasinesscouldbebroughtintothelearningprocess.(要點(diǎn)三)Therefore,forpeoplekeenonteachingbabiestoread,itishightimetobeginwithsparingsometimeregularlywitheffectiveteachingmaterials.(要點(diǎn)四)6．（2020·浙江寧波市·高三月考）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Themantarayisoneofthelargestfishesintheworld,reachingupto29feetinwidth.Andmantaraysaresomeofthefriendliestcreatures.Theyallowdiverstoswimrightuptothem.Unfortunately,thesegentleanimalsareinbigtrouble.Since2011,mantarayshavebeenlistedasathreatenedspeciesworldwide.Overfishingisconsideredthebiggestthreattogiantmantanumbers,bothintentionalandaccidental.Peoplecatchmantaraysfortheirgillplates—thepartsthroughwhichtheyfiltertheirfoodfromseawater—aresoldinChinaformedicalpurposes.Drivenbythehugedemand,fishermenhavehuntedthemmercilessly.From2010to2013,thenumberofrayskilledannuallytosupplythegillplatemarkettripledto150,000.Clearly,overfishingisbadforanyseacreature,butit’sevenworseforgiantmantarays.Femalemantasusuallyhaveonlyonebaby,everytwotofiveyears.Soeverymantaraythatwascaughthurtsthepopulationinabigway.Toprotectgiantmantapopulation,Peru,acountryinSouthAmerica,recentlytookabigsteptoprotectgiantmantarays.Itbannedfishingforthem.Peoplewhobreakthelawcanbefinedorhavetheirfishinglicensestakenaway.Evenmantarayscaughtaccidentallyinfishingnetsmustbereleased.Althoughothercountrieshavepassedlawstoprotectmantarays,Peru’smaybethemostimportantoneyet,becausetherearemoregiantmantaraysinthePacificOceannearPeruthaninanyotherplaceintheworld.ScientistsworkingintheMantaTrust,anorganizationthatresearchesmantarays,arealsotryingtoprotectmantaraysbylearningmoreaboutthem.Earlierthisyear,theorganizationattachedvideocameras,calledCrittercams,tomantaraysoffthewestcoastofMexico.Thephotosthecamerascollectcouldhelpresearcherspredictwhereandwhenmantaraysswim.Thescientistcouldusetheinformationtowarnfishingboatstoavoidtheseareas,helpingreducethenumberofaccidentallycaughtmantarays.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考答案】Thoughbeinglargeandfriendly,thegiantmantarayareindanger.(要點(diǎn)1)Duetoitsmedicalvalueandhugeprofit,mantaraysareover-hunted,whichcanbemoredetrimentalforthespeciesgivenitslowproductivity.(要點(diǎn)2)Tosavetheendangeredspecies,thePerugovernmenthastakentheinitiative,carryingoutstrictlaws.(要點(diǎn)3)Besides,scientistsaremakingattemptstoprotectmantaraysthroughgainingmoreknowledgeofthem.(要點(diǎn)4)7．（2021·浙江寧波市·鎮(zhèn)海中學(xué)高三月考）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Parentsalwayswantthebestfortheirchildrenandgivingthem;thebesteducationisalwaysontopofthelist.Butifyouthinkeducationisalltheyneed,maybeyoushouldthinktwice.Sure,youlearnalotofthingsinschool,butthereareimportantlessonsandskillsyouwillneedinlifethatonecanonlylearnathome.Therefore,teachingthechildrentodohouseholdchoresisveryhelpfulintheirgrowth.Mostfamiliesnowadayshirehousemaidstodothechores,sochildrendon’tgettoexperiencedoingitanymore.Butstudiesarguethatit’sstillnecessarytoletchildrendothem.Helpingathomecanbeatrainingplaceforyourchildrentowhateverresponsibilitiestheymayhaveinthefuture.Bydoingso,theycanlearnwhatmightbeoftheiradvantagewhentheygrowup.“Performingchoresofferskidsafeelingofself-sufficiency,helpsthemdevelopaworkethic,istiedtoacademicsuccessinschool,makesthemfeelusefulandteachesthemtheimportanceofhelpingothersandcontributingtothegreatergood.”Although,mostparentscanalsoarguethatitisnoteasytoforcetheirchildrentodochores.Itisanatureforthechildrentorefusetodochoreswhentheyaretoldto.Buttherearewaysthatcanturnhouseholdchoresintoamorelikelyactivityforthechildren.First,startthemyoung.Thisdoesn’tmeanthatyouletyourchildrendohugetasksatanearlyage.Youcangraduallyincreasetheleveloftasksastheygrowoldbutnevereverpushthemtoohard.Second,appreciateeverylittleachievement.Praisethemorgivethemsomething.Childrenloverewardsanditdrivesthemtodobetter.Mostimportantly,letthemknowthataskingthemtohelp-outisnotapunishment.Choresshouldneverbeusedasapunishment.Theymightgetdoneintheshortterm,buttheeffectswon’tlast.Thisapproachdoesnotgivethechildthefeelingofdoingsomethingbecauseitistherightthingtodo.Itonlymakesthemhatechoresandhopingoutevenmore.Choresshouldbeusedasasenseofpurpose.Explaintothemthatitisfortheirbenefitandeverythingtheylearnfromitisfortheiradvantage.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考答案】Teachingchildrentodohouseholdchoresisveryhelpfulintheirgrowth,whichcanmakehomeatrainingplaceforyourchildrentowhateverresponsibilitiestheymayhaveinthefuture.Althoughit’shardtoforcechildrentodochores,therearewaysthatcanturnhou