2025年人教版九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)寒假?gòu)?fù)習(xí) 專題05 考點(diǎn)拓展5、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo) （校園美好的回憶）

專題05考點(diǎn)拓展5&非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞&寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)（校園美好的回憶）目錄TOC\o"1-1"\h\u一．詞匯拓展 1二．考點(diǎn)拓展 2三．語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn) 7四．寫(xiě)作考點(diǎn) 13四．寫(xiě)作考點(diǎn) 15一．詞匯拓展1.prefer.v.更喜歡→.n.偏愛(ài)，更喜歡2.electronic.adj.電子的，電子設(shè)備的→.n.電，電力3.director.n.導(dǎo)演，部門負(fù)責(zé)人→.v.導(dǎo)演，負(fù)責(zé)4.end.n/v.結(jié)束→.n.（故事或電影等的）結(jié)尾，結(jié)局5.documentary.n.紀(jì)錄片→.n.文件6.drama.n.戲，劇→.adj.戲劇性的，劇烈的7.intelligent.adj.有才智的，聰明的→.n.智力，才智8.sadness.n.悲傷，悲痛→.adj.悲傷的，傷心的→.adv.悲傷地9.pain.n.痛苦，疼痛，苦惱→.adj.痛苦的→.adv.痛苦地10.reflect.v.反映，映出→.n.反映，折射，反思11.moving.adj.動(dòng)人的，令人感動(dòng)的→.v.移動(dòng)，挪動(dòng)→.n.運(yùn)動(dòng)，動(dòng)作→.adj.人感到感動(dòng)的12.perform.v.表演，執(zhí)行→.n.表演者，演員→.n.表演13.wound.n.傷口，創(chuàng)傷→.v使（身體）受傷，傷害→.adj.受傷的，受創(chuàng)的14.relax.v.放松→.n.放松，安逸→.adj.人感到放松的，自在的→.adj.令人放松的，輕松的15.mad.adj.生氣的，瘋的→.adv.瘋狂地→.n.瘋狂，發(fā)瘋16.North.n.北邊，北方→.adj.北邊的，北方的17.season.n.季節(jié)→.adj.季節(jié)性的18.basic.adj.基本的，基礎(chǔ)的→.n.基礎(chǔ)19.behave.v.表現(xiàn)，舉止→.n.行為，舉止20.suggestion.n.建議→.v.建議二．考點(diǎn)拓展考點(diǎn)1lately的用法Recently/Lately,ithostedarunningeventforthecommunity.late、later、latest、lately詞形相近、用法易混,具體辨析如下:詞匯用法late意為“遲的,晚的”,與副詞同形,可作狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)。此外,還表示“已故的、前人的”later意為“較晚的,以后的”;此外,later還可用作狀語(yǔ),意為“后來(lái)”latest意為“最新的,最近的”lately副詞(=recently),意為“最近、近來(lái)”,通常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Theradioisbroadcastingthe(late)news.

2.Ihaven'tbeensleepingwell(late).SoIneedsomerest.

3.Someyears(late)NaomihadgoodnewsfromBethlehem,heroldhome.

4.Shedidn'tcomebackuntilvery(late)intheevening.

5.Imetheragainthreeyears(late).

6.Haveyouseenher(late)?

考點(diǎn)2.wouldrather的用法—Shallwegoswimmingthisafternoon?—Iwouldratherstayathomethangoswimming.一句多譯。這位士兵寧死不屈。Thesoldierdiegivein.

=Thesoldierdiegivein.

=Thesoldierdiegivein.

考點(diǎn)3.neither...nor...、either...or...和both...and...的用法Intheevening,IeitherwatchTVorlistentomusic.詞條含義及用法neither...nor...意為“既不……也不……”連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)遵循“就近原則”either...or...意為“或者……或者……”連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)遵循“就近原則”both...and...意為“兩個(gè)都……”連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)選詞填空。havehasiswasarewere1.NeitherhisparentsnorhebeentoEngland.

2.BothheandIfromthecountryside.

3.Neithertheshoesnorthesweaterovertheremine.

4.BothEnglandandFranceatwaratthattime.

5.Eithertheparentsortheirchildathomeyesterday.

考點(diǎn)4.make的用法—HowamazingChatGPTis!—Yes.Thenewinventionmakesitquitesimpleforpeopletowritepapersandstories.“主語(yǔ)+make+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ).”是常見(jiàn)句型,其用法如下:當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)是不定式短語(yǔ)或從句時(shí),多用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。例如:Imadeitaconditionthateverybodymustbeontime.我提出一個(gè)條件,人人都要準(zhǔn)時(shí)。此外,have、make、let等使役動(dòng)詞和see、hear、listento、lookat、watch、notice等感官動(dòng)詞都可接不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。help后可帶to也可不帶to。例如:Lethimdowhateverhewantstodo.他想干什么就讓他干吧。Ioftenhelpmymothertodosomehousework.我經(jīng)常幫助媽媽做些家務(wù)。用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.—Howdoyoufeelwhenyouwatchthenationalflaggoup?—Itmakesme(feel)veryproud.

2.Alicewasill.Shewasmade(take)somemedicine.

3.WeallloveMissYang.Shealwaysmakesherhistoryclassvery(interest).

4.EverydayIammade(have)aneggandsomemilk.

5.Themoviemakesus(feel)veryexcited.

6.Theheavyrainmadeitimpossibleforus(go)out.

7.Thegoodnewsmadeus(excite).

8.Imademyself(understand)byallthestudentsinthelowgrades.

考點(diǎn)5ratherthan的用法—Whataheavyrain!—Soitis.Iprefertostayathomeratherthangooutonsucharainyday.ratherthan意為“不是……而是……”。其具體搭配如下:連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與ratherthan前面的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。一、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.—Walkingmoreisgoodforourhealth.—You'reright.SoI'drather(take)anhour'swalktoworkthanconsider(drive)acar.

2.YouratherthanI(be)goingtogocamping.

二、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子。1.最有價(jià)值的東西是時(shí)間,而不是金錢。Themostvaluablethingistime,.

2.——Mary,你想喝點(diǎn)什么嗎?——是的,我想我要冷飲而不是咖啡?！狹ary,wouldyouliketodrinksomething?—Yes,IthinkI'llhaveacolddrink.

考點(diǎn)6.spend、pay、cost和take的用法Itseemsthatfamiliesarespendingmoreandmoretimetogether.從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空。spendtakecostpay1.Sometimesawrongdecisionmayapersonmillionsofdollars.

2.Howmuchdidyouonthenewcomputer,John?

3.—Howlongwillittakeustogotoyourhometownfromhere?—Itwillusanhourtogotomyhometownbytrain.

4.I30yuanforthebookyesterday.

三．語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式，在句子中不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)。包括動(dòng)詞不定式(todo)、動(dòng)名詞(doing)和分詞(-ing,-ed)三種形式；其中分詞又包含現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞兩種形式。一.動(dòng)詞不定式：形式：動(dòng)詞不定式基本形式由“todo”構(gòu)成。它的否定形式“nottodo”。有時(shí)可以省略to，這里的to是不定式符號(hào)，本身無(wú)詞義。helpsb.(to)dosth.makesb.dosth.功能例句說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)TospeakEnglishisnoteasyforus=ItisnoteasyforustospeakEnglish.講英語(yǔ)對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)不容易。作主語(yǔ)用的不定式，常常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而把不定式放在后面。表語(yǔ)Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.=Tocleantheroomeverydayismywork.多數(shù)情況下，不定式作表語(yǔ)，可轉(zhuǎn)換作為主語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)—Whatsportsdoesheliketoplay?他喜歡什么動(dòng)？—Helikestoplaybasketball.他喜歡打籃球。只能做某些動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，一般不作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。賓補(bǔ)Mymothermademeplaythepianoallthetime.我媽媽讓我一直彈鋼琴。在make，let，see，hear，watch等使役、感官動(dòng)詞后，不定式省略to。定語(yǔ)Haveyougotanythingtosay?你有要說(shuō)的嗎？不定式作定語(yǔ)，要放在所修飾詞的后面。狀語(yǔ)I'msorrytotroubleyou.（表原因）IwenttothelibrarytostudyEnglish.（表目的）不定式作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)要和句子的主語(yǔ)一致。不定式作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將真正的主語(yǔ)放在句末其結(jié)構(gòu)為：It+be+adj.（+for/ofsb.）+動(dòng)詞不定式如：TolearnEnglishwellisuseful.→ItisusefultolearnEnglishwell.It’simportantforustoprotecttheenvironment.注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品質(zhì)的形容詞后，不用for而用of。如：It'sverykindofyoutohelpme.你幫助我真是太好啦。It'sverycleverofyoutodolikethat.你那樣做真是太聰明啦。2.不定式作賓語(yǔ)。1)及物動(dòng)詞+不定式一般形式：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(vt.)+不定式(作賓語(yǔ))[說(shuō)明]want(想)/try(試圖)/decide(決定)/wouldlike(想要)/hope(希望)/love(喜愛(ài))/learn(學(xué)會(huì))/afford(提供)/agree(同意)/fail(失敗、未能)/mean(意味著)/prefer(寧愿)/wish(希望)+to(do)(無(wú))help(幫助)to可以省略begin(開(kāi)始)/start(開(kāi)始)/hate(憎恨)也可跟動(dòng)名詞,意義變化不大forget(忘記)/remember(記得)/like(總愛(ài))也可跟動(dòng)名詞,意義變化較大[比較]Heforgottoturnoffthelight.(他忘了關(guān)燈.)(沒(méi)關(guān))forgettodo忘記要做某事Heforgotturningoffthelight.(他忘記關(guān)過(guò)燈.)(關(guān)了)forgetdoing忘記做過(guò)某事Pleaseremembertoringmeup.(記得給我打電話.)(還沒(méi)打電話)Iremembercallingyouyesterdaybutyouforgot.(我記得昨天給你打電話了,但是你忘記了.)(打過(guò)電話)2)在find,think后跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用it代替，而將真正的賓語(yǔ)放在后面。如：Ifoundtolearntorideabikenotveryeasy.=Ifounditnotveryeasytolearntorideabike.(我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)騎車不很容易)3)常見(jiàn)的一些不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式Whynotdo...=Whydon'tyoudo...,hadbetter（not）do...,wouldratherdo,could/would/willyouplease（not）do...Iwouldratherstayintheroom.我寧愿待在房間里。3.不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(vt.)+賓語(yǔ)(人/物)+不定式(作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))ask(請(qǐng))/tell(關(guān)照)/teach(教)/want(想要)/wouldlike(想要)/get(讓)/help(幫)/invite(邀請(qǐng))/like(喜歡)/warn(警告)+sb./sth.+to(do)make(使得)/let(讓)/hear(聽(tīng))/see(看)/feel(感覺(jué))/watch(觀看)/have(使得)/help(幫助)+sb./sth.+(do)如：Mumaskedmetohelpherwiththecooking.(媽媽叫我?guī)椭鲲?Iwouldlikeyoutoseemyparents.(我想要你見(jiàn)見(jiàn)我的父母)Thebossoftenmadetheworkerswork14hoursaday.(老板常讓工人們一天工作14小時(shí))Nowletmehearyouplaytheviolin.(現(xiàn)在讓我來(lái)聽(tīng)你拉小提琴)[注意]help之后做賓補(bǔ)的不定式符號(hào)to可以省略；hear/see/feel/watch之后的賓補(bǔ)用不定式與現(xiàn)在分詞時(shí),含義不同,需特別注意,(參見(jiàn)現(xiàn)在分詞部分)。試比較：IheardhercryingwhenIwalkedpast.(我路過(guò)時(shí)聽(tīng)到她正在哭)(指當(dāng)時(shí)瞬間的情況)Isatnearherandheardhersingthenewsong.(我坐在她附近聽(tīng)她唱新歌)(指整個(gè)過(guò)程)注意：還有一些使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞也用不定式作賓補(bǔ)，這時(shí)不定式要省略to。這些動(dòng)詞有：一感（feel）、二聽(tīng)（hear,listento）、三讓（let,make,have）、四看（lookat,see,watch,notice）。但變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，必須加上to。如：Myfriendsweremadetoworkthewholenightbytheboss.老板讓我的朋友們工作了一整夜。不定式作定語(yǔ)。不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)放在名詞之后。它與名詞有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。如果是不及物動(dòng)詞，且與所修飾的詞之間有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，要在不定式后加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。Thereisnothingtoworryabout.沒(méi)有什么可擔(dān)心的。[A]記住下面的一些結(jié)構(gòu)：被修飾部分+不定式(作后置定語(yǔ))漢語(yǔ)意思akeytolockthedoor鎖門的鑰匙aboxtoholdthesethings裝這些東西的箱子giveherabooktoread給她一本書(shū)讀Isthereany(+名詞/代詞)to(do)?有…要(做的)嗎?It’stimetogo.是走的時(shí)間了。/該走了。Doyouhaveanyworktodo?你有工作要做嗎?I’dlikesomethingtoeat.我要點(diǎn)兒吃的。Ihavenothingtosay.我沒(méi)有話要說(shuō)。Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?你要點(diǎn)兒喝的嗎？5.不定式作狀語(yǔ)[A]放在不及物動(dòng)詞(come,go,stop,finish,wait等詞)的后面。如：Hecametoseeheryesterday.(他昨天來(lái)看望她)(表示來(lái)的目的)Istoppedtohavearest.(我停下來(lái)休息一會(huì)兒)(表示停下來(lái)的目的)[B]放在完整的謂語(yǔ)之后(即“謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)”、“謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+補(bǔ)語(yǔ)”、“動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)”之后)。如：Wecleanedtheroomtolethimplayinit.(我們打掃了房間以便讓他在里面玩)Iopenedthewindowtoseemoreclearly.(我打開(kāi)窗子以便看得更清楚點(diǎn)兒)[C]有時(shí)表示目的的不定式短語(yǔ)可以放在句首。如：Toarrivethereontime,Igotuponehourearlierthanusual.(為了按時(shí)到達(dá),我們比平時(shí)早起了一個(gè)小時(shí))(表示早起的目的)[注意]stoptodo與stopdoing的不同。如：Theystoppedtohavealook.(他們停下來(lái)看看)(不定式作“停下來(lái)”的目的狀語(yǔ))Theystoppedlookingoutofthewindowandbegantolistentotheteacher.(他們停止向窗外望,開(kāi)始聽(tīng)老師講課)(動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ),表示“停止”的內(nèi)容)不定式常和疑問(wèn)詞what,which,when,where,how連用，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。如：Theteacheristellingthestudentswhattodo.老師正告訴學(xué)生們做什么。Hedidn'tknowwheretogo.他不知道去哪里。根據(jù)提示完成句子①Ihope(find)agoodjobinaforeigncompanyafterIgraduatefromschool.

②Hefoundithard(catchupwith)hisclassmates.

③Fatherasksme(notplay)computergamesbeforefinishingmyhomework.

④AllthechildrenlikeMr.Whiteverymuchbecauseheoftenmakesthem(laugh).

⑤Lethim(have)arest.Ithinkhemustbetiredafterthelongwalk.

⑥Wehavetworooms(live)in,butIcan’tdecidewhichone(choose).

二、動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞由動(dòng)詞原形加詞尾“ing”構(gòu)成。動(dòng)名詞有動(dòng)詞的特征,可以跟賓語(yǔ),可以被狀語(yǔ)修飾；它也有名詞的特征,在句子中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)(包括介詞賓語(yǔ))等。功能例句說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)Eatingtoomuchisbadforyourhealth.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)介詞賓語(yǔ)Ilikeplayingbasketballverymuch.我非常喜歡打籃球。Stampsareusedforsendingletters.郵票是被用來(lái)寄信的。表示一般的習(xí)慣或抽象行為或經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。表語(yǔ)Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.=Collectingstampsishishobby.多數(shù)情況下，動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)可轉(zhuǎn)化成作主語(yǔ)。定語(yǔ)Sheisinthereadingroom.她在閱覽室。Weshouldimproveourteachingmethods.只表明它所修飾的詞的用途、所屬關(guān)系等。置于所修飾詞之前。2.動(dòng)名詞可以作賓語(yǔ)。1）want/need之后用動(dòng)名詞時(shí),含有被動(dòng)意思。如：Yourcarneedsreparingbadly.(你的車急需修理。)(被修)Myhairneedscutting.(我要理發(fā)。)(頭發(fā)被理)2）remember/forget/stop/finish之后用動(dòng)名詞時(shí),與用不定式含義不同。如：Iforgottowritealettertohim.(我忘了給他寫(xiě)封信)(根本沒(méi)寫(xiě))Iforgotwritingalettertohim.(我忘了給他寫(xiě)過(guò)信)(寫(xiě)了卻忘了)Theystoppedtolookback.(他們停下來(lái)向后看)(停下的目的是向后看)Theystoppedlookingback.(他們停止向后看)(不向后看了)注意：英語(yǔ)中有一些詞后面常跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。我們初中階段常見(jiàn)的有：finish,mind,beworth,bebusy,practice,havefun,havetrouble/problem（in）,spend...（in）,feellike,beusedto（習(xí)慣于）,giveup,keepon,consider,suggest,can'thelp。我們可按下面的順口溜記憶這些詞。完成實(shí)踐值得忙（finish,practice,beworth,bebusy）繼續(xù)習(xí)慣別放棄（keepon,beusedto,giveup）考慮建議不禁想（consider,suggest,can'thelp,feellike）喜歡思念要介意（enjoy,miss,mind）3.動(dòng)名詞可以作表語(yǔ),此時(shí)特別注意不要與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)混淆。如：Myjobisputtingthesepartstogether.(我的事情是把這些部件拼起來(lái))Iamputtingthesepartstogether.(我正在把這些部件拼起來(lái))4.動(dòng)名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成相同,但是含義不同,動(dòng)名詞主要表示事情,而現(xiàn)在分詞則主要表示進(jìn)行著的動(dòng)作。如：Eatingtoomuchisnotgoodforyourhealth.(動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ),作主語(yǔ))Seeingisbelieving.(動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ),分別作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ))Heranafteramovingbusandgotontoit.(現(xiàn)在分詞,作定語(yǔ))Hisfathersawhimsittingonsomeeggs.(現(xiàn)在分詞,作賓補(bǔ))三、分詞：包含現(xiàn)在分詞（-ing）和過(guò)去分詞(-ed)。主要區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在分詞一般有主動(dòng)或表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行的意思；過(guò)去分詞有被動(dòng)或動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成的意思。分詞可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。2.分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)在句子中作定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)等。1）作定語(yǔ)：分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí),一般要放在修飾的名詞之前,分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí),則要放在所修飾的名詞之后。如：Ihavegotarunningnose.(我流鼻涕)Thewomanrunningafterthethiefshoutedveryloudly.(跟著小偷追的婦女大喊！)YesterdayImetamancalledMr.Black.(昨天我遇見(jiàn)了一個(gè)名叫布萊克先生的人)Heonlygavemeabrokenglass,soIwasveryangrywithhim.(他只給了我一個(gè)壞玻璃杯,所以我很生他的氣)2）現(xiàn)在分詞可以作下列動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。(參考不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(vt.)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)keep(保持)/see(看到)/hear(聽(tīng)到)/watch(注意到)/feel(感覺(jué)到)sb./sth.(do)ing如：Mumkeptmeworkingalltheweek.(媽媽讓我一個(gè)星期都在工作)WhenIenteredtheroom,IsawJackeatingabigpear.(我進(jìn)入房間時(shí)看到杰克正在吃一只大梨子)InthedarkIfeltsomethingverycoldmovingonmyfoot.(黑暗之中我感到有個(gè)冷的東西在我的腳上移動(dòng))3)現(xiàn)在分詞可以作狀語(yǔ),表示伴隨情況。如：Shecameintotheclassroom,holdingapileofpapersinherhand.(他走進(jìn)教室,手上抓著一沓紙)Iamverybusythesedaysgettingreadyforthecomingoraltest.(這些日子我正忙著準(zhǔn)備即將來(lái)到的口語(yǔ)考試)4)過(guò)去分詞可以作表語(yǔ),放在連系動(dòng)詞后面,但要注意不要與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)混淆,“主系表”主要表示狀態(tài),而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則表示動(dòng)作。常用過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)有：beworried(焦慮)/bepleased(高興)/betired(疲勞)/getdressed(打扮好)/getlost(迷路)/getcaught(遭遇)/beomefrustrated(沮喪)/becomeinteretedin(對(duì)…感興趣)等等。5）過(guò)去分詞可以作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如：Ihadmyhaircutthismorning.(今天早上我讓人給我理了發(fā))(注意：havesth.done表示動(dòng)作由別人來(lái)做,而havedonesth.則為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu),兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)不可以混淆)動(dòng)詞用法辨析：take、spend、pay、cost的用法：spend的賓語(yǔ)通常是金錢或時(shí)間,句型：sb.+(spend)+時(shí)間/金錢+onsth/(in)doingsth.Shespentthewholenightreadingthenovel.(她花了一個(gè)晚上看那本小說(shuō))take的主語(yǔ)通常是事情,句型：It+(take)+sb.+時(shí)間+todo…sth.。Thisjobwilltakemetwodays.=Itwilltakemetwodaystodothejob.(做這件事情要花我兩天的時(shí)間)cost的賓語(yǔ)通常是時(shí)間、金錢、力氣,句型：sth.+(cost)+sb.+時(shí)間/金錢/力氣.Howmuchdoesahouselikethiscost?(像這樣的房子要花多少錢？)pay的賓語(yǔ)通常是金錢,句型：sb.+(pay)+金錢+for+事物.Ipaidhimtwentydollarsforthebook..(我花了20元從他那兒買了書(shū))根據(jù)句子意思和時(shí)態(tài)，用spend,take,cost和pay的正確形式來(lái)填空。1.I________twohoursonthismathproblem.這道數(shù)學(xué)題花了我兩個(gè)小時(shí)。2.Thecar________himaroundtenthousandUSdollars.這車花去他一萬(wàn)美元左右。3.They_______________twoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.造這座橋花了他們兩年時(shí)間。4.I_______alotofmoneyforthenewcomputer.買一臺(tái)新電腦要花一大筆錢。5.It_________themthreeyearstobuildthisroad.他們用了三年時(shí)間修完了這條路。一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.Duringourholidays,weshouldavoidupatnightandoversleepinginthemorning.

A.stay B.tostay C.stayed D.staying2.IwouldbeinterestedtoseethepandasintheWolongPandaReserve,becauseitallowspeopleclosertothem.

A.get B.toget C.getting D.got3.theonlineshopping,mygrandmaboughtasmartphone.

A.Enjoyed B.Enjoying C.Enjoy D.Toenjoy4.IwasdeeplymovedbythefilmHi,Mom.Ithinkit'swellworth.

A.towatch B.watch C.watching5.Thedoctorsandnursesmanagedthelivesofpatients,thoughtheydidn'thaveenoughmedicine.

A.save B.saving C.tosave D.tosaving6.Frankandhisfriendshadgreatfunvolleyballonthebeachyesterday.

A.play B.playing C.toplay四．寫(xiě)作考點(diǎn)時(shí)光飛逝，轉(zhuǎn)瞬初中生活即將結(jié)束，你將離開(kāi)你生活和學(xué)習(xí)了三年的校園了。在這三年里你與老師和同學(xué)之間一定留下很多美好的回憶。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇短文，與大家分享你最難忘的一件事。要求：1．語(yǔ)言表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確，短文連貫通順；2．80詞左右。思路點(diǎn)撥組句成篇AnUnforgettableThingOneday，theteacheraskedwhohadbrokenthewindow.Icouldn'tadmit，__1__(否則我將有麻煩)，Ithought.Ididn'twanttoraisemyhand，butsomethingmuchstrongerthanme__2__(把它向上拉)．Theteacherwalkedtomeand__3__(撫摸我的頭)．__4__(代替)punishingme，hegavemeabookandsaidheknewhowmuchIlikedreadingbooks.Anditwasonlyformyhonesty.Icouldn'tbelieveit！Iwasn'tpunishedandIgot__5__(我最喜愛(ài)的書(shū))HarryPotter.__6__(直到現(xiàn)在)，Ioften__7__(回想起)whattheteachersaid，andI'llbeanhonestmanforever.寫(xiě)作遷移曾經(jīng),你們帶著求知而來(lái);如今,你們帶著收獲離開(kāi)?，F(xiàn)在的你即將邁進(jìn)理想的學(xué)校,開(kāi)始新的生活。初中三年,或興奮,或失落,一切過(guò)往,皆為序章。青春年華,以夢(mèng)為馬。畢業(yè)之際,你校將舉辦一場(chǎng)英語(yǔ)演講比賽。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn),以"Sharing"為主題,寫(xiě)一篇演講稿。要點(diǎn)提示:1.分享心情:高興,激動(dòng),不舍……2.分享歷程:學(xué)習(xí)的重要性,學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣,克服困難的方法……3.分享規(guī)劃:暑假安排,未來(lái)目標(biāo)……4.……寫(xiě)作要求:1.詞數(shù)80—100(開(kāi)頭已經(jīng)給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù));2.根據(jù)要點(diǎn)提示,可以適當(dāng)發(fā)揮;3.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的姓名及校名。SharingGoodmorning,mydearteachersandfriends!It'smygreathonortostandheretosharemystory.

四．寫(xiě)作考點(diǎn)一Thematchwasn’tgoingwell.Itwasthesemi-finals(半決賽)oftheNationalMiddleSchoolFootballChampionship.TherewereonlyfiveminutesleftinthematchandDavid’steam,theGrovefieldGorillas,was1.Thescorewas2—1.“ComeonGrovefield,”shoutedDavid’sfriends.“Comeon,David!Youcandoit!”ButDavidwasn’t2atall.Hewastiredandhiswholebodyached.Hisfamilywasn’tevenatthematchto3himon.Worstofall,hehadlosthisluckyshirt.Therewasnowayhisteamcouldwinnow.4atleasthisteamhadtheball.BillyHarrispassedittoCraigWillard.Craig5theballoverthegoalie’s(守門員的)head.Itwentin!Thescorewas2—2!Davidbegantofeelbetteraboutthe6.Asthematchwasstartingagain,Davidsawhisfamily’scar7pullup(停車)intheparkinglot.HisparentsandhisbrotherJackranoutofthecar.“David!”Dadshouted.“Ifound...Ifound8luckyshirt!”HeranovertoDavid.Davidquicklyputontheshirt9hewasexpectingtowearandasked,“Wheredidyoufindit?”“ItwasunderJack’sbed.Nowgowin!”Davidpickedupthe10andranintothepenaltybox(罰球區(qū)).Therewereonlyfiveseconds(秒)leftinthematch!Hekickedtheballandscored!Itreallywasaluckyshirt!1．A．a(chǎn)rriving B．leaving C．losing D．winning2．A．worried B．a(chǎn)ngry C．surprised D．confident3．A．cheer B．put C．call D．land4．A．Or B．So C．And D．But5．A．took B．threw C．kicked D．played6．A．car B．match C．family D．friend7．A．easily B．probably C．usually D．suddenly8．A．my B．his C．her D．your9．A．why B．what C．which D．when10．A．box B．ball C．shirt D．door二OnChristmasEve—thenightbeforeChristmasDay,childrenalloverBritainputastockingattheendoftheirbedsbeforetheygotosleep.TheirparentsusuallytellthemthatFatherChristmaswillcomeduringthenight.FatherChristmasisverykind-hearted.Hegetstothetopofeachhouseandclimbsdownthechimney(煙囪)intothefireplace(壁爐).HefillseachofthestockingswithChristmaspresents.Ofcourse,FatherChristmasisn’treal.InJimandKate’shouse,“FatherChristmas”isreallyMrGreen.MrGreendoesn’tclimbdownthechimney.Hewaitsuntilthechildrenareasleep.Thenhequietlygoesintotheirbedroomsandfillstheirstockingswithsmallpresents.Whentheywereyoung,MrGreensometimesworearedcoat.Buthedoesn’tdothatnow.Thechildrenarenolongeryoung,andtheyknowwho“FatherChristmas”reallyis.Buttheystillputtheirstockingsattheendoftheirbeds.1．ChristmasEveis________.A．thenightofChristmasDay B．theeveningofChristmasDayC．ChristmasDay D．thenightbeforeChristmasDay2．FatherChristmasoftenputspresents________.A．intochildren’shats B．intochildren’sstockingsC．underchildren’sbeds D．intochildren’sshoes3．Whenthechildrenwereveryyoung,________.A．theydidn’tknowwhoFatherChristmaswasB．theyknewthatFatherChristmaswasn’trealC．theythoughttheirfatherwasFatherChristmasD．theyknewwhoputthepresentsintotheirstockings4．Whenthechildrenareolder,they________.A．knowthatFatherChristmasisrealB．a(chǎn)sktheirmothertofilltheirstockingswithpresentsC．knowthatFatherChristmasisreallytheirfatherD．knowthatFatherChristmasisreallytheirfriend5．ManylittlechildrenthinkFatherChristmascomesintothehousethroughthe________.A．chimney B．backdoor C．frontdoor D．window三閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，或填入括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式。WhenyouareinBeijing,youmayseeacartoonimageofacutebabyoctopus(章魚(yú)).1(it)nameisFenxiaomeng.Asthemascot(吉祥物)ofgarbagesorting(垃圾分類)inBeijing,itis2popularthatyoucanalmostseeiteverywhereinBeijing.Themascot3(create)byZhangZixialastOctober,a12-year-oldboyfromBeijing.Whenhetalkedabouthismascot,hesaid4(happy),“NowsinceFenxiaomenghasbecomethemascot,Iwant5(keep)italivebyencouragingmorepeopletotakepartingarbagesorting.”Zhangalsostarted6greenprojectcalled“FenxiaomengIsinAction”.Heandhisschoolmateswenttocommunitiestospreadwaste-sortingknowledge.Besides,lastmonththeyhandedout2,000shoppingbags.Thesearebeautifulbags7Fenxiaomengonthem.Theyalsoselloldthingsformoneytoplant8(tree)inBeijing.AccordingtoZhang,protectingtheenvironmentcanbedifficult9fun.Hewillkeepondoingitbecausethisiswhathelikes.“Ihope10(many)andmorepeoplewilljoinmeandFenxiaomenginthefuture,”saidZhang.

專題05考點(diǎn)拓展5&非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞&寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)（校園美好的回憶）目錄TOC\o"1-1"\h\u一．詞匯拓展 1二．考點(diǎn)拓展 2三．語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn) 7四．寫(xiě)作考點(diǎn) 13四．寫(xiě)作考點(diǎn) 15一．詞匯拓展1.prefer.v.更喜歡→preference.n.偏愛(ài)，更喜歡2.electronic.adj.電子的，電子設(shè)備的→electricity.n.電，電力3.director.n.導(dǎo)演，部門負(fù)責(zé)人→direct.v.導(dǎo)演，負(fù)責(zé)4.end.n/v.結(jié)束→ending.n.（故事或電影等的）結(jié)尾，結(jié)局5.documentary.n.紀(jì)錄片→document.n.文件6.drama.n.戲，劇→dramatic.adj.戲劇性的，劇烈的7.intelligent.adj.有才智的，聰明的→intelligence.n.智力，才智8.sadness.n.悲傷，悲痛→sad.adj.悲傷的，傷心的→sadly.adv.悲傷地9.pain.n.痛苦，疼痛，苦惱→painful.adj.痛苦的→painfully.adv.痛苦地10.reflect.v.反映，映出→reflection.n.反映，折射，反思11.moving.adj.動(dòng)人的，令人感動(dòng)的→move.v.移動(dòng)，挪動(dòng)→movement.n.運(yùn)動(dòng)，動(dòng)作→moved.adj.人感到感動(dòng)的12.perform.v.表演，執(zhí)行→performer.n.表演者，演員→performance.n.表演13.wound.n.傷口，創(chuàng)傷→wound.v使（身體）受傷，傷害→wounded.adj.受傷的，受創(chuàng)的14.relax.v.放松→relaxation.n.放松，安逸→relaxed.adj.人感到放松的，自在的→relaxing.adj.令人放松的，輕松的15.mad.adj.生氣的，瘋的→madly.adv.瘋狂地→madness.n.瘋狂，發(fā)瘋16.North.n.北邊，北方→Northern.adj.北邊的，北方的17.season.n.季節(jié)→seasonal.adj.季節(jié)性的18.basic.adj.基本的，基礎(chǔ)的→base.n.基礎(chǔ)19.behave.v.表現(xiàn)，舉止→behavior.n.行為，舉止20.suggestion.n.建議→suggest.v.建議二．考點(diǎn)拓展考點(diǎn)1lately的用法Recently/Lately,ithostedarunningeventforthecommunity.late、later、latest、lately詞形相近、用法易混,具體辨析如下:詞匯用法late意為“遲的,晚的”,與副詞同形,可作狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)。此外,還表示“已故的、前人的”later意為“較晚的,以后的”;此外,later還可用作狀語(yǔ),意為“后來(lái)”latest意為“最新的,最近的”lately副詞(=recently),意為“最近、近來(lái)”,通常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Theradioisbroadcastingthe(late)news.

2.Ihaven'tbeensleepingwell(late).SoIneedsomerest.

3.Someyears(late)NaomihadgoodnewsfromBethlehem,heroldhome.

4.Shedidn'tcomebackuntilvery(late)intheevening.

5.Imetheragainthreeyears(late).

6.Haveyouseenher(late)?

1.latest2.lately3.later4.late5.later6.lately考點(diǎn)2.wouldrather的用法—Shallwegoswimmingthisafternoon?—Iwouldratherstayathomethangoswimming.一句多譯。這位士兵寧死不屈。Thesoldierdiegivein.

=Thesoldierdiegivein.

=Thesoldierdiegivein.

wouldratherthanwouldratherthanpreferstoratherthan考點(diǎn)3.neither...nor...、either...or...和both...and...的用法Intheevening,IeitherwatchTVorlistentomusic.詞條含義及用法neither...nor...意為“既不……也不……”連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)遵循“就近原則”either...or...意為“或者……或者……”連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)遵循“就近原則”both...and...意為“兩個(gè)都……”連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)選詞填空。havehasiswasarewere1.NeitherhisparentsnorhebeentoEngland.

2.BothheandIfromthecountryside.

3.Neithertheshoesnorthesweaterovertheremine.

4.BothEnglandandFranceatwaratthattime.

5.Eithertheparentsortheirchildathomeyesterday.

1.has2.are3.is4.were5.was考點(diǎn)4.make的用法—HowamazingChatGPTis!—Yes.Thenewinventionmakesitquitesimpleforpeopletowritepapersandstories.“主語(yǔ)+make+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ).”是常見(jiàn)句型,其用法如下:當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)是不定式短語(yǔ)或從句時(shí),多用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。例如:Imadeitaconditionthateverybodymustbeontime.我提出一個(gè)條件,人人都要準(zhǔn)時(shí)。此外,have、make、let等使役動(dòng)詞和see、hear、listento、lookat、watch、notice等感官動(dòng)詞都可接不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。help后可帶to也可不帶to。例如:Lethimdowhateverhewantstodo.他想干什么就讓他干吧。Ioftenhelpmymothertodosomehousework.我經(jīng)常幫助媽媽做些家務(wù)。用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.—Howdoyoufeelwhenyouwatchthenationalflaggoup?—Itmakesme(feel)veryproud.

2.Alicewasill.Shewasmade(take)somemedicine.

3.WeallloveMissYang.Shealwaysmakesherhistoryclassvery(interest).

4.EverydayIammade(have)aneggandsomemilk.

5.Themoviemakesus(feel)veryexcited.

6.Theheavyrainmadeitimpossibleforus(go)out.

7.Thegoodnewsmadeus(excite).

8.Imademyself(understand)byallthestudentsinthelowgrades.

1.feel2.totake3.interesting4.tohave5.feel6.togo7.excited8.understood考點(diǎn)5ratherthan的用法—Whataheavyrain!—Soitis.Iprefertostayathomeratherthangooutonsucharainyday.ratherthan意為“不是……而是……”。其具體搭配如下:連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與ratherthan前面的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。一、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.—Walkingmoreisgoodforourhealth.—You'reright.SoI'drather(take)anhour'swalktoworkthanconsider(drive)acar.

2.YouratherthanI(be)goingtogocamping.

二、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子。1.最有價(jià)值的東西是時(shí)間,而不是金錢。Themostvaluablethingistime,.

2.——Mary,你想喝點(diǎn)什么嗎?——是的,我想我要冷飲而不是咖啡。—Mary,wouldyouliketodrinksomething?—Yes,IthinkI'llhaveacolddrink.

一、1.takedriving2.are二、1.ratherthanmoney2.ratherthancoffee考點(diǎn)6.spend、pay、cost和take的用法Itseemsthatfamiliesarespendingmoreandmoretimetogether.從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空。spendtakecostpay1.Sometimesawrongdecisionmayapersonmillionsofdollars.

2.Howmuchdidyouonthenewcomputer,John?

3.—Howlongwillittakeustogotoyourhometownfromhere?—Itwillusanhourtogotomyhometownbytrain.

4.I30yuanforthebookyesterday.

1.cost2.spend3.take4.paid三．語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式，在句子中不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)。包括動(dòng)詞不定式(todo)、動(dòng)名詞(doing)和分詞(-ing,-ed)三種形式；其中分詞又包含現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞兩種形式。一.動(dòng)詞不定式：形式：動(dòng)詞不定式基本形式由“todo”構(gòu)成。它的否定形式“nottodo”。有時(shí)可以省略to，這里的to是不定式符號(hào)，本身無(wú)詞義。helpsb.(to)dosth.makesb.dosth.功能例句說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)TospeakEnglishisnoteasyforus=ItisnoteasyforustospeakEnglish.講英語(yǔ)對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)不容易。作主語(yǔ)用的不定式，常常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而把不定式放在后面。表語(yǔ)Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.=Tocleantheroomeverydayismywork.多數(shù)情況下，不定式作表語(yǔ)，可轉(zhuǎn)換作為主語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)—Whatsportsdoesheliketoplay?他喜歡什么動(dòng)？—Helikestoplaybasketball.他喜歡打籃球。只能做某些動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，一般不作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。賓補(bǔ)Mymothermademeplaythepianoallthetime.我媽媽讓我一直彈鋼琴。在make，let，see，hear，watch等使役、感官動(dòng)詞后，不定式省略to。定語(yǔ)Haveyougotanythingtosay?你有要說(shuō)的嗎？不定式作定語(yǔ)，要放在所修飾詞的后面。狀語(yǔ)I'msorrytotroubleyou.（表原因）IwenttothelibrarytostudyEnglish.（表目的）不定式作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)要和句子的主語(yǔ)一致。不定式作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將真正的主語(yǔ)放在句末其結(jié)構(gòu)為：It+be+adj.（+for/ofsb.）+動(dòng)詞不定式如：TolearnEnglishwellisuseful.→ItisusefultolearnEnglishwell.It’simportantforustoprotecttheenvironment.注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品質(zhì)的形容詞后，不用for而用of。如：It'sverykindofyoutohelpme.你幫助我真是太好啦。It'sverycleverofyoutodolikethat.你那樣做真是太聰明啦。2.不定式作賓語(yǔ)。1)及物動(dòng)詞+不定式一般形式：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(vt.)+不定式(作賓語(yǔ))[說(shuō)明]want(想)/try(試圖)/decide(決定)/wouldlike(想要)/hope(希望)/love(喜愛(ài))/learn(學(xué)會(huì))/afford(提供)/agree(同意)/fail(失敗、未能)/mean(意味著)/prefer(寧愿)/wish(希望)+to(do)(無(wú))help(幫助)to可以省略begin(開(kāi)始)/start(開(kāi)始)/hate(憎恨)也可跟動(dòng)名詞,意義變化不大for