Unit-2-單元話題完形填空專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

Unit2單元話題完形填空專項(xiàng)練習(xí)(名校最新真題)（2022·重慶八中高二月考）TrackersonIceJustbecauseascientistputsaGPStrackingcollaronawildpolarbeardoesnotmeantheanimalwillwillinglykeepiton.

___1___,thesehugecollarsarepurposefullyloosesothatifonebecomesannoying,abearcan___2___it.Butscientistshavenowfoundawaytousesignalsfromthediscarded(丟棄的)devices.“Thesedroppedcollars___3___wouldhavebeenconsideredgarbagedata,”saysNatashaKlappstein,apolarbearresearcherattheUniversityofAlberta.Sheandhercolleaguesinsteadused___4___fromsuchcollars,leftonseaiceinCanada'sHudsonBay,totracktheiceitself.Fortheirstudy,publishedinJuneinTheCryosphere,theresearchers___5___twentycollarsthatsentmovementdataconsistent(與······一致的)withicedriftratherthanpolarbear___6___between2005and2015.TheresultingrecordsofhowmeltingicetypicallydriftsinHudsonBayareunique;therearenoeasily___7___on-the-groundsensors,andsatelliteobservationsoftencannot___8___capturethemotionofsmallicesheets.Theteamcomparedthediscardedcollars'movementswithwidelyusedice-driftmodelingdatafromtheU.S.NationalSnowandIceDataCenter(NSIDC).CollardataindicatedthattheNSIDCmodelunderestimatesthespeedatwhichicemovesaroundinHudsonBay--aswellastheoverall___9___ofdrift.Overthecourseofseveralmonthsthemodelcoulddriftawayfromanicesheet'slocationbyafewhundredkilometers,theresearcherssay.Thismeansthebearsmaybeworkingharder,whenmovingagainstthedirectionoftheice,thanscientistshad

____10____.“Sincewe'reunderestimatingthespeedofdrift,we'relikelyunderestimatingtheenergeticeffortofpolarbears,"saysNatashaKlappstein.Theresearchreveals____11____insight(洞悉)intohowhighlymobileicemoves.Asmeltingincreasesincomingyears,suchicewilllikelybecomemore____12____farthernorth,inthecentralArctic.ScientistshadknownNSIDCdatacouldunderestimatedriftspeeds,but“anytimewecanfindadata____13____,itisagoodthing.”Plus,suchdatacouldimprovepredictionsabouthowoilspillsorotherpollutantsmayspreadinseas____14____withdriftingice,saysWaltMeier,aseniorNSIDCresearchscientist,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.Thefindingsmayeven____15____futureNSIDCmodels.“It'sareallynicedataset,”Meiersays."Andcertainlyonewe’lltakeconsideration.1．A．Infact B．Inaway C．Inaddition D．Intheend2．A．destroy B．remove C．resist D．reject3．A．particularly B．relevantly C．intentionally D．potentially4．A．estimates B．subjects C．measurements D．patents5．A．displayed B．identified C．justified D．preserved6．A．behavior B．habitat C．manner D．motion7．A．flexible B．favorable C．a(chǎn)ccessible D．changeable8．A．internally B．a(chǎn)ccurately C．securely D．independently9．A．extent B．damage C．trend D．limit10．A．a(chǎn)greed B．promised C．proved D．a(chǎn)ssumed11．A．immediate B．superior C．entire D．timely12．A．evident B．unique C．common D．realistic13．A．gap B．scan C．boom D．fit14．A．replaced B．littered C．packed D．matched15．A．reverse B．resemble C．influence D．motivate（2021·上?！じ裰轮袑W(xué)高二期末）Doyourememberhowyoufeltthefirsttimeyourodebike?Whataboutyourfirstheartbreak?____16____momentsandtheemotionstheyarousecanresonateinourmindsfordecades,powerfullyshapingwhoweareasindividuals.Butforthosewhoexperienceseveretrauma(創(chuàng)傷),suchpainfulmemoriescanleavepeoplewithlife-changingmentalconditions.So,whatiftraumaticmemoriesdidnothavetocausesomuch___17___?Fornow,theworkishappeninginmice.Neuroscientistsusuallydefineasingularmemoryasanengram---aphysicalchangeinbraintissue____18____aparticularrecollection.WhileatMITin2013,SteveRamirezofBostonUniversityandhisresearchpartnerXuLiuhadabreakthrough:Theywereabletotargetthecellsthat___19___oneengraminamouse'sbrainandthenimplantafalsememory.Intheirwork,mice__20__infeartoaparticularstimulusevenwhentheyhadnotbeenconditionedinadvance.Intheircurrentwork,Ramirezandhiscolleaguesareinvestigatingwhether___21___memoriescanbe“overwritten”bypositiveones.Intheirexperiments,positivememoriesarecreatedbyputtingmalemiceincageswithfemaleonesforanhour,andnegativememoriesarecreatedbyputtingthemiceincagesthatdeliverbrieffootshocks.Afterasurgicaloperationonthemice,theresearchersfindthat___22___positivememorieswhilemouseisinacagemakesitlessfearful.Theythinkthatthismemory“retraining"maybehelpingto___23___someofthemouse'strauma.___24___,itisunclearwhetherthoseoriginalfearmemoriesarecompletelylostorjustsuppressed(抑制).__25__Ramirez’steamstressesthattheirworkinmiceispreliminary(初步的),theyseetreatmentpotentialforhumansdowntheroad.ThosesufferingfromPTSDordepressioncouldhavetheirmemories___26___,forinstance,sothattheydon'thaveastrong___27___responsetopainfulrecollections.Ifit’sonedaypossibletoalterhumanmemory,whoshouldbeallowedtoreceivethattreatment?Andwouldthe___28___systembeatadisadvantageifkeywitnessesandvictimscannotrememberacrime?ThesearequestionsNewYorkUniversitybioethicistArthurCaplansaysareworththinkingaboutbeforethetechnologyisreadyforhumanclinicalsettings.Asneuroscientistsprogresswiththeirresearch,theysaythese___29___issuesarebeingtakenintoaccount.Ramirezseestheideaof

___30___memoriesasneithergoodnorbad.Likewater,itjustdependsonhowyouuseit.16．A．Forgettable B．Memorable C．Sustainable D．Believable17．A．fruit B．difference C．pain D．movement18．A．a(chǎn)ssociatedwith B．exchangedfor C．sentencedto D．deprivedof19．A．putoff B．pickup C．turnon D．makeup20．A．reacted B．hurried C．stunned D．resolved21．A．short-term B．negative C．enjoyable D．reliable22．A．deleting B．decreasing C．a(chǎn)ctivating D．pausing23．A．recreate B．eliminate C．liberate D．memorize24．A．Therefore B．Besides C．Indeed D．However25．A．Since B．Unless C．Until D．While26．A．removed B．strengthened C．a(chǎn)ltered D．stimulated27．A．emotional B．physical C．controversial D．mechanical28．A．immune B．justice C．medical D．commerce29．A．mental B．ethical C．criminal D．equality30．A．killing B．multiplying C．controlling D．justifying（2022·全國(guó)·高二單元測(cè)試）Recentlywecarriedoutasurveyof1,000peoplefromdifferentcountriestofindoutwhattheythink___31___willbelikeinthefuture.Theresultsclearlyshowbothour

___32___andfears.Thesurveysuggeststhat___33___—oneofthemostimportanthumanrelationships—willchangegreatly.People

willmake

friends

throughtheInternet.Computerswillbecomereally___34___by2050.Evennow,somepeopledescribethemastheirbestfriends!Others,___35___,saythatwewillbecomemuchmoreisolated(孤立的)fromeachother

___36___wewillhavelittlerealhumancommunication.Educationwill

___37___alottoo.Asmoreandmorechildrenwillbeusingcomputersinschools,certain

___38___,suchasmentalarithmetic(心算),won’tbenecessary.Evenwritingbyhandwillhavebecomeathingofthe___39___.Accordingtothesurvey,homelifewillbe____40____.Mostpeoplebelievethatby2050robotswillbedoingthehouseworkandwewillbeeating____41____food.Alotofpeoplethinkthatwemightonlycookforfuninthefuture.Spaceexplorationwillbecomeincreasingly____42____.Fiftypercentofthepeoplewetalkedto

____43____thatmanwillregularly(定期地)visitMars.Pollutionissomethingthatseemsto

____44____manypeople.Somefearthatitwill____45____to

getworse,andthatourplanetwillbecome____46____toliveon.Otherseven

____47____thatonedaywe'llhavetopayforcleanair.____48____,peopleseemtobequiteoptimisticaboutgeneticengineering(基因工程),astheythinkscientistswilluseitto

____49____diseaseslikecancerandAIDS.Nomatterhowdarkorbrightitmayseem,itisuptousto

____50____ourplanetandtrytomakeitabetterplace.31．A．education B．life C．nature D．space32．A．hopes B．tears C．rights D．plans33．A．marriage B．leadership C．friendship D．neighborhood34．A．private B．perfect C．necessary D．expensive35．A．however B．instead C．a(chǎn)nyhow D．therefore36．A．until B．unless C．because D．a(chǎn)lthough37．A．provide B．complete C．receive D．change38．A．facts B．a(chǎn)bilities C．goals D．thoughts39．A．end B．past C．moment D．future40．A．busier B．safer C．sadder D．easier41．A．unhealthy B．frozen C．over-cooked D．ready-made42．A．famous B．cheap C．popular D．difficult43．A．doubt B．believe C．remember D．warn44．A．confuse B．frighten C．satisfy D．worry45．A．stop B．continue C．refuse D．begin46．A．cold B．impossible C．suitable D．free47．A．expect B．promise C．predict D．wish48．A．Asaresult B．Inotherwords C．Inasimilarway D．Ontheotherhand49．A．catch B．spread C．prevent D．carry50．A．takeover B．lookafter C．payfor D．thinkabout（2021·全國(guó)·高二單元測(cè)試）Whatwillmanbelikeinthefuture?Howaboutin5,000oreven50,000yearsfromnow?Wecanonlymakea____51____,ofcourse,butwecanbesurethathewillbedifferentfrom____52____heistoday,formanisslowly____53____allthetime.Letustakeanexample.Man,even500yearsago,was____54____thanheistoday.Now,onaverage,menareaboutthreeinchestaller.500yearsisarelativelyshortperiodof____55____,sowemayguessthatmanwill____56____togrowtaller.Again,inmodernworldweuseour____57____agreatdeal.Evenso,westill____58____onlyabout20%ofthebrain’scapacity(容量).Astime____59____,however,weshallhavetouseourbrainsmoreandmore--andfinallyweshallneedevenlargerones!Thisislikelyto____60____aphysicalchange,too.Thehead,____61____,theforehead,willgrowlarger.Nowadaysoureyesarein____62____use.Infact,weusethemsomuchthatveryoftentheybecomeweakerandwehavetowear____63____.Butoveraverylongperiodoftimeitislikelythatman’seyeswillgrowstronger.Ontheotherhand,we____64____tomakelessuseofourarmsandlegs.These,asaresult,arelikelytogrowweaker.Atthesametime,____65____ourfingerswillgrowmoresensitive(敏感的)becausetheyareusedagreatdealinmodernlife.Butwhatabouthair?Thiswillprobably____66____fromthebodyaltogetherincourseoftimebecauseitdoesnot____67____ausefulpurposeanylonger.Inthefuture,then,bothsexesarelikelytobebald(無發(fā)或少發(fā)的).Perhapsallthisgivestheimpressionthatfuturemanwillnotbeavery____68____creaturetolookat!Allthesame,inspiteofallthesechanges,futuremanwillstillhavealotin____69____withus.Hewillstillbeahumanbeing,with____70____andemotionssimilartoourown.51．A．guess B．research C．joke D．decision52．A．what B．how C．that D．which53．A．dying B．changing C．growing D．improving54．A．longer B．taller C．bigger D．shorter55．A．journey B．life C．time D．distance56．A．stop B．continue C．keep D．hope57．A．minds B．heads C．brains D．hearts58．A．occupy B．choose C．control D．use59．A．passesdown B．goeson C．movesaway D．runsout60．A．cause B．take C．occur D．lead61．A．intotal B．introuble C．inparticular D．incharge62．A．constant B．practical C．proper D．suitable63．A．hats B．smiles C．clothes D．glasses64．A．plan B．mean C．tend D．decide65．A．therefore B．however C．otherwise D．besides66．A．grow B．a(chǎn)ppear C．disappear D．survive67．A．have B．keep C．hold D．serve68．A．a(chǎn)ttractive B．ugly C．special D．ordinary69．A．size B．difference C．a(chǎn)ppearance D．common70．A．bodies B．thoughts C．mouths D．noses（2021·吉林·長(zhǎng)春市第二十九中學(xué)高二階段練習(xí)）WhenIwasaboyIdreamedofmyfuture.Iwasgoingtobeacowboy.ThenIdreamedofbeingafirefighterand____71____peoplefromburningbuildings.Ijustcouldn’t____72____togrowupandbeanadult.AfterIwenttocollegeandthosedreams____73____.IthoughtIwouldbeascientist,thenIswitchedtobeingateacher.WhenI____74____andhadchildren,mydreamsofthefuturechangedagain.Nowitwasn’tsomucha____75____careerthatIdreamedofbutatimewhenIcouldbesettledand____76____andmyfamilyandIwouldfinallybeproblemfree.Thatdream,ofcourse,didn’t____77____.Infact,noneofthosedreamsevercametolife.Ittookmemanyyearsaswellto____78____thatlivinginadreamfuturewaslivingina____79____andthateachmomentIspenttherewastakingamomentawayfromthe_____80_____NOW.Isawthattherecouldbenoperfect,problemfreefuturebecauseproblemsareapartof_____81_____.ItisonlyintheNOWthatwecantrulylive.Ourdreamsforthefuturearejustthat:_____82_____.Whethertheycometrueornotisn’tas_____83_____ashowweliveeachdayhere.Ahugsharedtodaycanneverbe_____84_____.Anactofkindnessnotgivennowislostforever.Amomentoflovemissedcanneverbe_____85_____again.EachsecondoftheNOWispreciousandpriceless.Don’twasteaoneofthem.71．A．liberating B．carrying C．rescuing D．supporting72．A．wait B．stop C．stay D．rest73．A．remained B．matched C．broke D．changed74．A．retired B．married C．succeeded D．divorced75．A．certain B．firm C．promising D．professional76．A．silent B．gentle C．secure D．uncertain77．A．lose B．happen C．produce D．destroy78．A．recognize B．a(chǎn)ppreciate C．conclude D．realize79．A．hope B．fantasy C．fable D．vision80．A．precious B．favorite C．common D．popular81．A．a(chǎn)ctivity B．movement C．life D．business82．A．realities B．dreams C．purposes D．treasures83．A．famous B．serious C．impressive D．important84．A．replaced B．followed C．recovered D．reviewed85．A．pickedup B．brokenup C．madeup D．putup（2020·全國(guó)·高二專題練習(xí)）FindingHome“IhateNewOrleans!Iwannagohome!”I___86___tomymotheraswemovedboxes.___87___,goinghomewasnoteasybecausemyhomewas1,100milesaway.Iwasbornand___88___innorthernVirginia.Virginiawasmyhome,andIneverexpectedthatto___89___.In2014,myfamilyexperiencedatragedy(悲劇),somyparentsdecidedtomovetomymom’shometownofNewOrleans.Onlythreemonthsaftermyparentsmadethe___90___tomove,Ifoundmyselfmovingboxesintoournewhouse.MyannouncementtomymotherthatI___91___thenewenvironmentwaspartlymotivatedbyhowhotitwas,butitwasmostlyduetothefactthatIfeltlikemyentirelifehadbeenturnedupsidedown.1,100milesawayfromeveryoneandeverythingIhadeverknown,Iwas___92___.Tomakemattersworse,IwasstartinghighschoolintwoweeksBeginninghighschoolisascary___93___onitsown.IspentmyfirstfewmonthsinNewOrleans,___94___wantingtogohometoVirginia.Butafterafewmonthsofmissinghome,I____95____thatIhadachoice.IcouldcontinuethinkingabouthowmuchImissedmyoldhome,____96____Icouldstarttryingtobuildanewhomerighthere.Ichosethelatter.AssoonasIstoppedgivingallmy____97____tohowmuchImissedVirginia,Iwasabletobeginacceptingthelovethatpeoplewerealreadygivingme.Ijoinedsomeclubsatschool,whichgavemethechancetomakefriends.MyneighbortaughtmehowtocooksomeNewOrleansfood,andIfoundawonderful____98____offellowcooksandneighbors.Overall,Iseizedeverypossibleopportunityto____99____myselfandtorebuildmylife.Becauseofmyresilience(復(fù)原力)increatinganewhomeformyselfandthe____100____thatpeoplehaveshowntome,homeisrighthere.86．A．a(chǎn)nnounced B．replied C．turned D．pointed87．A．Therefore B．Instead C．However D．Besides88．A．trained B．raised C．promoted D．fed89．A．develop B．continue C．exist D．change90．A．a(chǎn)ttempt B．suggestion C．excuse D．decision91．A．preferred B．missed C．hated D．imagined92．A．surprised B．frightened C．delighted D．relieved93．A．performance B．a(chǎn)ctivity C．presentation D．experience94．A．partly B．badly C．slightly D．hardly95．A．realized B．remembered C．observed D．complained96．A．a(chǎn)nd B．but C．or D．so97．A．a(chǎn)ttention B．patience C．trust D．confidence98．A．generation B．community C．race D．school99．A．teach B．a(chǎn)ccept C．judge D．better100．A．belief B．freedom C．love D．interest參考答案：1．A

2．B

3．D

4．C

5．B

6．D

7．C

8．B

9．A

10．D

11．D

12．C

13．A

14．B

15．C【分析】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了科學(xué)家通過被丟棄的項(xiàng)圈獲得數(shù)據(jù)來研究北極冰的移動(dòng)。1．考查介詞短語辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，這些巨大的項(xiàng)圈是故意松開的，如果一個(gè)項(xiàng)圈讓熊覺得討厭，熊可能會(huì)把它取下來。A.Infact事實(shí)上；B.Inaway某種程度上；C.Inaddition另外；D.Intheend最后。根據(jù)上下文可知，科學(xué)家將GPS跟蹤項(xiàng)圈放在野生北極熊身上，并不意味著北極熊會(huì)愿意繼續(xù)使用它。后文表示實(shí)際情況，項(xiàng)圈是故意松開的，可以被北極熊摘下的。故選A項(xiàng)。2．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，這些巨大的項(xiàng)圈是故意松開的，這樣如果一個(gè)項(xiàng)圈讓熊覺得討厭，熊可能會(huì)把它取下來。A.destroy摧毀；B.remove移掉，脫下，摘下；C.resist抵抗，抵制；D.reject拒絕。此處表示北極熊不愿帶項(xiàng)圈時(shí)，項(xiàng)圈是可以被北極熊摘下的。故選B項(xiàng)。3．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“這些掉下來的項(xiàng)圈很有可能被認(rèn)為是垃圾數(shù)據(jù)，”阿爾伯塔大學(xué)的北極熊研究人員娜塔莎·克拉普斯坦說。A.particularly尤其；B.relevantly相關(guān)地；C.intentionally有意地；D.potentially有可能地。根據(jù)上文語境，由于項(xiàng)圈可以被松開，因此，這部分掉下來的項(xiàng)圈很有可能被認(rèn)為是垃圾數(shù)據(jù)。故選D項(xiàng)。4．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，她和她的同事利用遺留在加拿大哈德遜灣的冰塊上留下的項(xiàng)圈上的測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)來追蹤冰塊本身。A.estimates估計(jì)；B.subjects主題；C.measurements測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)；D.patents專利。與上文garbagedata呼應(yīng)，根據(jù)本句中“fromsuchcollars”可知，在項(xiàng)圈上的應(yīng)該是測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)。故選C項(xiàng)。5．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在六月份發(fā)表在《冰凍圈》上的研究中，研究人員鑒定了20個(gè)項(xiàng)圈，它們?cè)?005年到2015年之間發(fā)送的運(yùn)動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)與冰層漂移而不是與北極熊的運(yùn)動(dòng)一致。A.displayed展示；B.identified識(shí)別，鑒定；C.justified證明合法；D.preserved保護(hù)。此處是出于研究目的，從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)來看只有identified最符合搭配。故選B項(xiàng)。6．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在六月份發(fā)表在《冰凍圈》上的研究中，研究人員鑒定了20個(gè)項(xiàng)圈，它們?cè)?005年到2015年之間發(fā)送的運(yùn)動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)與冰層漂移而不是與北極熊的運(yùn)動(dòng)一致。A.behavior行為；B.habitat棲息地；C.manner方式、禮儀；D.motion運(yùn)動(dòng)。本題為單詞復(fù)現(xiàn)題。第8空所在的句子“andsatelliteobservationsoftencannotaccuratelycapturethemotionofsmallicesheets”中出現(xiàn)了motion。故選D項(xiàng)。7．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：關(guān)于融化的冰如何在哈德遜灣典型漂移的結(jié)果記錄是獨(dú)特的：地面?zhèn)鞲衅鞑灰滋綔y(cè)，衛(wèi)星觀測(cè)常常無法準(zhǔn)確捕捉小冰原的運(yùn)動(dòng)。A.flexible靈活的；B.favorable贊許的；C.accessible易接近的、可理解的；D.changeable可改變的。根據(jù)“oftencannot”及“noeasily”可知，此處表示無法探測(cè)地面?zhèn)鞲衅鳌９蔬xC項(xiàng)。8．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：關(guān)于融化的冰如何在哈德遜灣典型漂移的結(jié)果記錄是獨(dú)特的：地面?zhèn)鞲衅鞑灰滋綔y(cè)，衛(wèi)星觀測(cè)常常無法準(zhǔn)確捕捉小冰原的運(yùn)動(dòng)。A.internally內(nèi)部地；B.accurately精確地；C.securely安全地；D.independently獨(dú)立地。根據(jù)“capturethemotionofsmallicesheets”及“noeasily”可知，此處表示無法精確捕捉小冰原的運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)。9．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：項(xiàng)圈數(shù)據(jù)表明，NSIDC模型低估了哈德遜灣海冰移動(dòng)的速度——以及漂移的總體范圍。A.extent范圍；B.damage毀壞；C.trend趨勢(shì)；D.limit限制。根據(jù)下文“Overthecourseofseveralmonthsthemodelcoulddriftawayfromanicesheet'slocationbyafewhundredkilometers”可知，此處指總體的漂移范圍。故選A項(xiàng)。10．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這意味著北極熊在逆冰移動(dòng)的時(shí)候可能比科學(xué)家們想象的更加努力。A.agreed同意；B.promised保證；C.proved證明；D.assumed設(shè)想，假設(shè)。根據(jù)后文的“underestimating”可知，此處表示科學(xué)家的設(shè)想。故選D項(xiàng)。11．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這項(xiàng)研究及時(shí)地揭示了高速移動(dòng)的冰是如何移動(dòng)的。A.immediate立刻的；B.superior更好的，上級(jí)的；C.entire整體的；D.timely及時(shí)的。從文章后面對(duì)于近年冰蓋變化的描述來看，此處是表達(dá)科學(xué)家對(duì)于冰蓋漂移發(fā)現(xiàn)的及時(shí)性。故選D項(xiàng)。12．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于冰川融化在未來幾年會(huì)增加，這樣的冰塊在更北邊的地方可能會(huì)變得更常見。A.evident清晰可見的；B.unique獨(dú)一無二的；C.common普通的，常見的；D.realistic現(xiàn)實(shí)的。根據(jù)“Asmeltingincreasesincomingyears”推測(cè)，這樣的冰塊在北方更為常見。故選C項(xiàng)。13．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)知道NSIDC的數(shù)據(jù)可能會(huì)低估漂移速度，但“任何時(shí)候我們都能發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)缺口，這是一件好事?！盇.gap缺口；B.scan掃描；C.boom（貿(mào)易和經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的）激增；D.fit（癲癇等的）突發(fā)，發(fā)作。根據(jù)“NSIDCdatacouldunderestimatedriftspeeds”和“itisagoodthing.”可知，這里指發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)缺口。故選A項(xiàng)。14．考查過去分詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，未參與這項(xiàng)研究的NSIDC資深研究科學(xué)家WaltMeier說：“這些數(shù)據(jù)可以改善對(duì)溢油或其他污染物如何在滿是浮冰的海洋中擴(kuò)散的預(yù)測(cè)?！盇.replaced被替換的；B.littered散放的；C.packed被打包的；D.matched被配對(duì)的。此處“l(fā)itteredwithdriftingice”修飾“ocean”，為過去分詞作后置定語，意思為：滿是浮冰的。故選B項(xiàng)。15．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這樣的發(fā)現(xiàn)甚至也許會(huì)影響未來的NSIDC模型。A.reverse逆轉(zhuǎn)；B.resemble類似，像；C.influence影響；D.motivate激勵(lì)。上文有提到模型和實(shí)際的差距，因此這項(xiàng)研究只能影響到新的模型，做出調(diào)整和改進(jìn)。故選C項(xiàng)。16．B

17．C

18．A

19．D

20．A

21．B

22．C

23．B

24．D

25．D

26．C

27．A

28．B

29．B

30．C【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了神經(jīng)科學(xué)家們?cè)诶鲜笊砩献鰧?shí)驗(yàn)，看是否可以改變大腦中有關(guān)痛苦的那些記憶，且該實(shí)驗(yàn)已經(jīng)取得初步效果。16．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那些記憶深刻的時(shí)刻和他們激起的情感可以幾十年在我們的頭腦中產(chǎn)生共鳴，塑造著我們是誰。A.Forgettable忘記了的；B.Memorable記憶深刻的；C.Sustainable可持續(xù)的；D.Believable可以相信的。根據(jù)上句“Doyourememberhowyoufeltthefirsttimeyourodebike?”（作者問第一次騎車的時(shí)候）可知，作者在講過去的記憶。故選B。17．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果這些創(chuàng)傷不會(huì)造成如此多的傷害，那會(huì)怎么樣呢？A.fruit水果；B.difference不同，影響；C.pain痛苦；D.movement運(yùn)動(dòng)。根據(jù)上句“suchpainfulmemoriescanleavepeoplewithlife-changingmentalconditions.（這些痛苦的記憶會(huì)給人們帶來改變生活的精神狀況。）“創(chuàng)傷”應(yīng)該是痛苦的經(jīng)歷，所以會(huì)造成“痛苦”。故選C。18．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)家通常定義一個(gè)記憶為“一個(gè)印跡符號(hào)”--在大腦組織中的和一個(gè)特定的記憶有關(guān)的物理改變。A.associatedwith和...有關(guān)；B.exchangedfor交換；C.sentencedto判刑；D.deprivedof剝奪?！癲efineasingularmemoryas”本句解釋的是“memory”的定義，recllection是它的近義詞，因此應(yīng)該是“和它相關(guān)的”。故選A。19．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：他們能夠瞄準(zhǔn)那個(gè)構(gòu)成記憶符號(hào)的細(xì)胞，然后植入一個(gè)虛假的記憶。A.putoff推遲；B.pickup撿起；C.turnon打開；D.makeup構(gòu)成。根據(jù)“aphysicalchangeinbraintissue3aparticularrecollection.”（科學(xué)家對(duì)“engram”的定義）可知，那個(gè)細(xì)胞儲(chǔ)存著記憶，構(gòu)成了記憶符號(hào)。故選D。20．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在他們的工作中，老鼠會(huì)對(duì)某個(gè)特定的刺激作出驚恐的反應(yīng)，即使當(dāng)它們提前沒有遭遇到這種情況。A.reacted反應(yīng)；B.hurried匆忙；C.stunned震驚；D.resolved決心。根據(jù)“Theywereabletotargetthecellsthat4oneengraminamouse'sbrainandthenimplantafalsememory.”（科學(xué)家們?cè)谧鲅芯浚巴鼈凅w內(nèi)植入虛假的記憶”），所以應(yīng)該是老鼠對(duì)此作出反應(yīng)。故選A。21．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在他們當(dāng)前的工作中，他和同事正在調(diào)查是否這些消極的記憶可以被積極的記憶改寫。A.short-term長(zhǎng)期的；B.negative消極的；C.enjoyable快樂的；D.reliable可靠的。根據(jù)后文的“be“overwritten”bypositiveones”可知，本空應(yīng)該是它的反義詞。故選B。22．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在對(duì)老鼠進(jìn)行外科手術(shù)之后科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)老鼠在籠子里的時(shí)候激活那些積極的記憶會(huì)讓它不再那么恐懼。A.deleting刪除；B.decreasing減少；C.activating激活；D.pausing暫停。根據(jù)“positivememoriesarecreatedbyputtingmalemiceincageswithfemaleonesforanhour”，（科學(xué)家們對(duì)老鼠輸入了積極的記憶），所以推測(cè)本句指“激活”這些積極記憶。故選C。23．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們認(rèn)為這種記憶的“重新訓(xùn)練”有助于去除掉老鼠的一些創(chuàng)傷。A.recreate重新創(chuàng)造；B.eliminate消除；C.liberate解放；D.memorize記住。根據(jù)下文，“itisunclearwhetherthoseoriginalfearmemoriesarecompletelylostorjustsuppressed”（不知這些原始恐懼是否完全消失）可知，本句指這樣做可以“消除”掉一些創(chuàng)傷。故選B。24．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，是否這些原始的恐懼記憶完全消除或抑制是不清楚的。A.Therefore因此；B.Besides另外；C.Indeed實(shí)際上；D.However然而。根據(jù)上文“Theythinkthatthismemory“retraining"maybehelpingto8someofthemouse'strauma.”，這樣做有助于消除恐懼記憶，下句又講“能否完全消除還不清楚”，因此兩句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D。25．考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管他們的團(tuán)隊(duì)強(qiáng)調(diào)他們?cè)诶鲜笊砩系某晒皇浅醪降?，但是他們也看到了在這條路上為人類治療的潛力。A.Since因?yàn)?；B.Unless除非；C.Until直到；D.While然而。根據(jù)從句中“preliminary(初步的)”一詞，及主句中“潛力”一詞，可推出主從句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D。26．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，那些遭受抑郁的人們就可以讓他們的記憶被轉(zhuǎn)換，以致于他們對(duì)痛苦的經(jīng)歷沒有一種強(qiáng)烈的反應(yīng)。A.removed移除；B.strengthened加強(qiáng)；C.altered轉(zhuǎn)換；D.stimulated刺激。根據(jù)“Ramirez’steamstressesthattheirworkinmiceispreliminary(初步的),theyseetreatmentpotentialforhumansdowntheroad”，“科學(xué)家們?cè)趯?duì)老鼠做實(shí)驗(yàn)的成效中，看到了人類治療的潛能”，所以本句是這種“潛能”應(yīng)用的例子，就是可以轉(zhuǎn)換人的記憶。故選C。27．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，那些遭受抑郁的人們就可以讓他們的記憶被轉(zhuǎn)換，以致于他們對(duì)痛苦的經(jīng)歷沒有一種強(qiáng)烈的反應(yīng)。A.emotional情感的；B.physical身體的C.controversial傳統(tǒng)的；D.mechanical機(jī)械的；本空修飾“responsetopainfulrecollection”’（人對(duì)痛苦回憶的反應(yīng)），這種反應(yīng)應(yīng)該是“情感上的”。故選A。28．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果關(guān)鍵的證人和受害者不能記得犯罪事件，那么執(zhí)法系統(tǒng)會(huì)處于不利地位嗎?A.immune免疫的；B.justice公正的，正義，執(zhí)法制度；C.medical醫(yī)療的；D.commerce商業(yè)。根據(jù)“systembeatadisadvantageifkeywitnessesandvictimscannotrememberacrime?”意思，證人和受害者不記得犯罪事件后，那么“執(zhí)法部門”就無法找到確切的犯罪證據(jù)。故選B。29．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：伴隨著神經(jīng)科學(xué)家們的研究進(jìn)展，他們說這些道德上的問題也正在被考慮中。A.mental精神的；B.ethical道德上的，倫理的；C.criminal罪犯的；D.equality平等性。根據(jù)“ThesearequestionsNewYorkUniversitybioethicistArthurCaplansaysareworththinkingabout”作者提出，如果這種技術(shù)應(yīng)用在人身上后，會(huì)出現(xiàn)的各種問題可知，這些問題都屬于“道德”方面的。故選B。30．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Ramirez認(rèn)為這種控制記憶的想法既不是好的，也不是壞的，這取決于你怎樣使用它。A.killing殺害；B.multiplying繁殖；C.controlling控制；D.justifying證明...合法，辯護(hù)。根據(jù)“memoriescanbe“overwritten”bypositiveones”可知，本文主要講“改變?nèi)说挠洃洝钡膯栴}，所以這里應(yīng)該是“控制記憶”。故選C。【點(diǎn)睛】31．B

32．A

33．C

34．C

35．A

36．C

37．D

38．B

39．B

40．D

41．D

42．C

43．B

44．D

45．B

46．B

47．C

48．D

49．C

50．B【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章是人們對(duì)未來生活看法的問卷調(diào)查結(jié)果。31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最近，我們對(duì)來自不同國(guó)家的1000人進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)調(diào)查，以了解他們對(duì)未來生活的看法。A.education教育；B.life生活；C.nature自然；D.space太空。根據(jù)下文描述的交友、教育、太空探索以及污染問題等可知，此問卷調(diào)查是關(guān)于未來“生活(life)”的。故選B。32．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：結(jié)果清楚地顯示了我們的期許和擔(dān)憂。A.hopes期許，希望；B.tears眼淚；C.rights權(quán)力；D.plans計(jì)劃。根據(jù)本空后的fears以及下文描述的未來生活的不同方面可知，問卷結(jié)果顯示了人們對(duì)未來生活的“期許(hopes)”和擔(dān)憂。故選A。33．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這項(xiàng)調(diào)查表明，友誼——最重要的人際關(guān)系之一——將發(fā)生巨大變化。A.marriage婚姻；B.leadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能；C.friendship友誼；D.neighborhood地區(qū)效應(yīng)。根據(jù)下文的“oneofthemostimportanthumanrelationships”和“PeoplewillmakefriendsthroughtheInternet”可知，此處是說未的“友誼(friendship)”會(huì)發(fā)生巨大的改變。故選C。34．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：到2050年，計(jì)算機(jī)將變得非常必要。A.private私人的；B.perfect完美的；C.necessary必須的；D.expensive昂貴的。根據(jù)本段描述電腦對(duì)人們的影響可知，到2050年，電腦將變得“必不可少(necessary)”。故選C。35．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我們將變得更加孤立，因?yàn)槲覀儗⒑苌儆姓嬲娜祟惤涣?。A.however然而；B.instead相反，代替；C.anyhow無論如何；D.therefore因此。“一些人認(rèn)為電腦是最好的朋友”和“有些人認(rèn)為人與人之間將變得更加孤立”之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，需用表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的副詞however。故選A。36．考查連接詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我們將變得更加孤立，因?yàn)槲覀儗⒑苌儆姓嬲娜祟惤涣?。A.until直到；B.unless除非；C.because因?yàn)?；D.although盡管。“缺少真實(shí)的人際交流”是“人們變得更加孤立”的原因，所以空處需用because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。故選C。37．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：教育也會(huì)改變很多。A.provide提供；B.complete完成；C.receive收到；D.change改變。根據(jù)下文描述心算變得沒有必要可知，未來的教育也會(huì)“改變(change)”很多。故選D。38．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著越來越多的孩子在學(xué)校里使用計(jì)算機(jī)，某些能力，如心算，將不再是必要的。A.facts事實(shí)；B.abilities能力；C.goals目標(biāo)；D.thoughts思想。根據(jù)空后“suchasmentalarithmetic(心算)”可知，此處指的是某些能力。故選B。39．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：即使是手寫也將成為過去。A.end結(jié)束；B.past過去；C.moment時(shí)刻；D.future將來。由于電腦的普及，某些“技能(abilities)”，如心算，將沒有必要。甚至用手寫字也會(huì)變得過時(shí)。athingofthepast指“過時(shí)的事物”，固定搭配。故選B。40．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：根據(jù)調(diào)查，家庭生活會(huì)更輕松。A.busier更忙碌的；B.safer更安全的；C.

sadder更悲傷的；D.easier更容易的。根據(jù)下文的“robotswillbedoingthehousework”可知，未來家庭生活將變得“更輕松(easier)”。故選D。41．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：大多數(shù)人相信，到2050年，機(jī)器人將做家務(wù)，我們將吃已經(jīng)做好的食物。A.unhealthy不健康的；B.frozen冷凍的；C.over-cooked煮老的；D.ready-made已做好的，預(yù)制的。根據(jù)下文的“wemightonlycookforfuninthefuture”可知，到2050年人們基本不做飯，而是吃“已經(jīng)做好的(ready-made)”飯。故選D。42．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：太空探索將越來越受歡迎。A.famous著名的；B.cheap便宜的；C.popular流行的；D.difficult困難的。根據(jù)下文的“manwillregularlyvisitMars”可知，未來的太空探索將非?！傲餍?popular)”。故選C。43．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們交談過的人中有50%相信人類會(huì)定期訪問火星。A.doubt懷疑；B.believe相信；C.remember記得；D.warn警告。根據(jù)上文的Mostpeoplebelieve可知，50%的受訪者“相信(believe)”人類會(huì)定期拜訪火星。故選B。44．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：污染似乎讓許多人擔(dān)心。A.confuse使困惑；B.frighten使害怕；C.satisfy使?jié)M足；D.worry擔(dān)心。根據(jù)下文的“Somefearthat.”可知，環(huán)境污染讓很多人“擔(dān)心(worry)”。故選D。45．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一些人擔(dān)心情況會(huì)繼續(xù)惡化，我們的星球?qū)⒆兊貌豢赡苌嫦氯?。A.stop停止；B.continue繼續(xù)；C.refuse拒絕；D.begin開始。本段指污染帶給人們的影響。有些人擔(dān)心如果環(huán)境“繼續(xù)(continue)”變?cè)愀?，在地球上居住將變得“不可?impossible)”。故選B。46．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一些人擔(dān)心情況會(huì)繼續(xù)惡化，我們的星球?qū)⒆兊貌豢赡苌嫦氯?。A.cold寒冷的；B.impossible不可能的；C.suitable合適的；D.free自由的，免費(fèi)的。前文提到環(huán)境如果繼續(xù)惡化，那么在地球上居住將不可能。故選B。47．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：其他人甚至預(yù)測(cè)，總有一天我們要為清潔的空氣買單。A.expect期待；B.promise承諾；C.predict預(yù)測(cè)；D.wish希望。根據(jù)前文可知，環(huán)境污染了，這使得有些人“預(yù)測(cè)(predict)”有一天呼吸干凈的空氣也需要付費(fèi)。故選C。48．考查固定短語詞義辨析。句意：另一方面，人們似乎對(duì)基因工程相當(dāng)樂觀，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為科學(xué)家將利用它來預(yù)防癌癥和艾滋病等疾病。A.Asaresult結(jié)果；B.Inotherwords換言之；C.Inasimilarway以相似的方法；D.Ontheotherhand另一方面。對(duì)未來生活，人們一方面擔(dān)心環(huán)境污染，而“另一方面(Ontheotherhand)”則對(duì)基因工程相當(dāng)樂觀。故選D。49．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：另一方面，人們似乎對(duì)基因工程相當(dāng)樂觀，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為科學(xué)家將利用它來預(yù)防癌癥和艾滋病等疾病。A.catch抓住；B.spread傳播；C.prevent阻止；D.carry攜帶。根據(jù)上文的“bequiteoptimistic”可知，有一些人相信科學(xué)家可以利用基因工程“防治(prevent)”諸如癌癥和艾滋這樣的疾病。故選C。50．考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：不管它看起來有多暗或多亮，都要由我們來照顧我們的星球，并努力使它成為一個(gè)更好的地方。A.takeover接管；B.lookafter照顧；C.payfor為……付款；D.thinkabout考慮。根據(jù)上述調(diào)查結(jié)果以及作者的結(jié)論“trytomakeitabetterplace”可知，作者認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該“照顧(lookafter)”好地球。故選B。51．A

52．A

53．B

54．D

55．C

56．B

57．C

58．D

59．B

60．A

61．C

62．A

63．D

64．C

65．B

66．C

67．D

68．A

69．D

70．B【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹關(guān)于未來人類外貌的猜測(cè)，告訴我們未來的人看起來與我們可能會(huì)完全不同。51．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)然，我們只能作一個(gè)猜測(cè)，但我們可以肯定，他將不同于今天的他，因?yàn)槿祟愐恢痹诼刈兓?。A.guess猜測(cè)；B.research研究；C.joke玩笑；D.decision決定。根據(jù)上文Whatwillmanbelikeinthefuture?Howaboutin5,000oreven50,000yearsfromnow?可知，此處是指對(duì)未來的人類進(jìn)行猜測(cè)。故選A。52．考查連接詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)然，我們只能作一個(gè)猜測(cè)，但我們可以肯定，他將不同于今天的他，因?yàn)槿祟愐恢痹诼刈兓?。此處為賓語從句，從句中缺少表語，指代外表應(yīng)用what。故選A。53．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)然，我們只能作一個(gè)猜測(cè)，但我們可以肯定，他將不同于今天的他，因?yàn)槿祟愐恢痹诼刈兓?。A.dying死亡；B.changing改變；C.growing成長(zhǎng)；D.improving改善。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Allthesame,inspiteofallthesechanges,”以及全文的描述可知，通篇都是描述未來人類的變化，故此處是指人類在不斷變化中。故選B。54．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：人類，即使在500年前，也比今天矮。A.longer更長(zhǎng)的；B.taller更高的；C.bigger更大的；D.shorter更矮的。根據(jù)下一句中“Now,ontheaverage,menareaboutthreeinchestaller.”現(xiàn)在的人類比過去的人類平均高三英寸，可推知，過去的人類要矮得多。故選D。55．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：500年是一個(gè)相對(duì)短的時(shí)間，所以我們可以