河北省保定市保定名校協(xié)作體2024屆高三下學(xué)期三模英語(yǔ)試題

河北省保定市保定名校協(xié)作體2024屆高三下學(xué)期三模英語(yǔ)試題姓名：__________班級(jí)：__________考號(hào)：__________題號(hào)一二三四五六總分評(píng)分一、第一部分閱讀，第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）閱讀理解AptitudeTestsRecommendationsAptitudetestsarehelpfultojobseekersofallages.Whilecareerquizzesexploreyourvaluesandworkstyle,aptitudetestsprovideamoreobjectiveevaluationofyourskills,helpingyouselectacareeryou'remostlikelytosucceedin.Belowaresomeofthebestaptitudetestsoutthere.CliftonStrengthsTheCliftonStrengthsprogramwascreatedbasedonresearcharoundleadership.Theresearchinquestionpointedtocommonstrengthsamongsuccessfulleaders,likestrategicthinking,adaptabilityandcommunication.Tocompletethetest,youmustansweraround150questions,eachwithin20seconds.AllenCheung,atechblogger,notesthatCliftonStrengthsismorevaluablethanyouraveragecareertestbecauseitincludes"trickyquestionswhicharen'taseasilygamed".RedBullWingfinderDevelopedandtestedoutbypsychologyexperts,theRedBullWingfinderassessesyourthinkingunderpressure.Questionsincludeimagesorting,logicpuzzlesandleadership-relatedquestions.Onceyoucompletethetest,you'llreceiveaninereportandcareercoachingtailoredtoyourresults.SEIDevelopmentReportTheSEIDevelopmentReportisanextensiveEQaptitudetestthathastimedright-and-wronganswersthatassesseightfundamentals,includingemotionalliteracy,emotionalmanagementandempathy.Attheend,you'llreceivea20reportwithrecommendedcoursesonworkplaceEQdevelopment.CareerOneStopWhileitonlytakesafewminutestocomplete,theCareerOneStopSkillsAssessmentwillhelpyourankbothyourtechnicalandsoftskills.Thecareersuggestionsattheendcanbesortedbyrelevance,annualwages,andjoboutlook,coupledwithwithprofessionalcoachingorconsultationimproveyourskills.1．Whatdoaptitudetestsmainlyassessforjobseekers?A．Theirworkethics. B．Theircareerinterest.C．Theirpreferredworkstyle. D．Theirprofessionalcompetence.2．WhatisauniquefeatureofCliftonStrengths?A．Itevaluatesleadershipskills.B．Itisdevelopedbyexperts.C．Itincludeschallengingquestions.D．Itoffersacomprehensivereport.3．Whichtestsuitsajobseekerwhopreferscategorizedsuggestionsandcareercoaching?A．CliftonStrengths B．RedBullWingfinderC．SEIDevelopmentReport D．CareerOneStop閱讀理解Fifteen-year-oldSansahasbeenwritingforeightyearsandhasbeenworkingonabookforthepastfour.Feelingstuckandunabletowrite,shestartedsearchingforwritinggroupsinLosAngeles,lookingforguidance.WhenshefoundWriteGirl,shewasinspired.KerenTaylorstartedWriteGirlin2001asawaytohelpteengirlswhodidnothaveaccesstocreativewritingprograms."Teengirlsareincrediblyvulnerable(脆弱的)andinvisible,"Taylorsaid."Theyreallyneedtobeliftedupandinspired."AtWriteGirl,400womenwritersvolunteertomentor(指導(dǎo))700teenagersayear.Everygirlwhohasgonethroughthementorshipprogramhasgonetocollegeandseveralhavepursuedcareersasprofessionalwriters.Throughtheprogram,girlsdiveintopoetry,fiction,songwriting,playandsoon,learningtechniquesfromprofessionalwomenwriters.Thisleadstowell-roundedtrainingandsetsWriteGirlapartfromotherorganizations.AtypicalexerciseatWriteGirlismicandrant,a30-secondsessionbeforewritingforeachgirl.Asavehicleforteenstogettheirideasout,itempowersgirlstoexploreanythingmeaningfultothem."Nottheflowerylanguage,orrather,complicatedexpressionsthatsoundskillful,butmoreofthenatural,thisiswhatI'mthinkingandwhatI'mfeeling."Taylorsaid.Sansa'smentorDanyellaWilderisattractedbythelong-termnatureofmentoringatWriteGirl.Wilderwishesshehadaprogramlikethisherselfwhenshewas15."Tojusthaveanorganizationwherepeoplearespendingtheirtimejusttotellyou,‘Hey,goodjob,'or‘Thatwasamazing.'You'reattheagewhereyouneedtohearthat."4．WhydidSansajoinWriteGirl?A．Togainasenseofbelonging.B．Toovercomeherwritingblock.C．Toreleasenegativeemotions.D．Tobecomeaprofessionalwriter.5．WhatmakesWriteGirldifferentfromotherorganizations?A．Itaimstoproduceprofessionalwriters.B．Itturnsteengirlsintomentors.C．Itexposesgirlstovariedwritingstyles.D．Itensuresgirls'entrytocollege.6．Whatdoesthe"micandrant"exerciseinparagraph4referto?A．Adailywritingtask.B．Arecitationofpoetry.C．Asessionforideageneration.D．Askillfulexpressionactivity.7．WhatdoesDanyellaWilderimplyinthelastparagraph?A．Mentoringisatime-consumingprocess.B．Positivefeedbackiscrucialforteengirls.C．Criticismatayoungagecanbeharmful.D．Mentorshipshouldbebasedonfriendship.閱讀理解ItisWilliamShakespeare,thegreatcoiner,whoisgivencreditfortheword.Coriolanus,oneofhischaracters,comparesgoingintoexile(流放)toa"lonelydragon"retiringtohiscave.Hewastalkingaboutaphysicalstate:someonewhowaslonelywassimplyalone.Then,thankstotheRomanticpoets,thewordtookonemotionalmeanings.Lonelinessbecameaconditionofthesoul.ForWilliamWordsworth,whofamously"wanderedlonelyasacloud",thenaturalworldofferedanescapefromnegativefeelingsofloneliness—ahostofflowerscouldprovide"cheerfulcompany".Today,lonelinessisoftenseenasaseriouspublic-healthproblem,creatingthefeelingofdisconnection.InhisbookSolitude,NettaWeinstein,apsychologyprofessorwonderstherewardsoftimespentalone.HebeginswithanaccountofstoriesofsolitudecreatedbyfiguressuchasMichelMontaigne,awriter,andEdwardHopper,apainter.Nettathendrawonlaboratorywork,interviewsandsurveystoclarifyhowbeingalonereallyaffectsthehumanmind.Itiscommontotreatlonelinessandsolitudeassynonyms(同義詞)buttheyarenot.Theauthorsuggeststhatwhatisnegativelydescribedasonestatecanbepositivelyexpressedastheother.Loneliness,oftenperceivedasnegative,canpotentiallybetransformedintoapositiveexperienceofsolitude.Tothisendheemphasizeshowbeingalonecanhelprestorepeopleandofferspracticaladvice.Inanoisyworld,heargues,peopleshouldmaketimetobealone,awayfromattention-grabbingmotives.Thebook'sintervieweesmostlyregardalackofcompanyasacontributortoautonomy.Butthisdependsonwhethersolitudeisdesirableornot.Enforcedsolitude,suchasthatexperiencedbyprisoners,typicallyleadstonothingbutsuffering.Electivesolitude,bycontrast,affordsspaceforself-reflection.Itcanopenthedoorto"peakexperiences"suchaswonder,harmony,andhappiness.Inahighly-connecteddigitalage,however,manyreadersdonotfancytheirchancesofevertakingalongenoughbreaktohavesuchexperiences.8．Howdoesparagraph1introducetheconceptofloneliness?A．Bytracingitsdevelopment.B．Byanalyzingcauses.C．Bymakingapointtobeargued.D．Bysharingaromanticstory.9．WhatdoesNettaWeinstein'sbookSolitudefocuson?A．Thevarioustermsofsolitude.B．Thesocietalimpactofsolitude.C．Thelong-standinghistoryofsolitude.D．Thepsychologicalbenefitsofsolitude.10．Nettadescribesthestateoflonelinessas____.A．stressful B．essentialC．changeable D．neverbeneficial11．WhatdoesNettamostprobablyagreewithaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．Enforcedsolitudeisamatterofchoice.B．Enforcedsolitudecontributestoautonomy.C．Electivesolitudeisrareinthedigitalworld.D．Electivesolitudeinterruptspeakexperiences.閱讀理解Robotshavelongbeendrawinginspirationfromanimals,withthecreationofrobotdogsorsnake-shapedrobots.Andyet,thefieldofroboticsisfarlessenthusiasticabouttheotherkindoflivingthings—plants.BarbaraMazzolai,anItalianroboticistowesthistoamisconceptionaboutplantbehavior:thattheycannotmoveorthink."It'snottrueatall,"shesays.Tochallengethisview,DrMazzolaiandherteamrecentlylaunchedamachinecalled"FiloBot",arobotbasedonaclimbingspecies.Tosurvive,aclimbingplantmustswitchbetweenseveraldifferentbehaviors.Inforestenvironments,itmustfirstgrowoutofthesoilandtravelalongthegroundinsearchofasupporttoholdonto,suchasanearbytree.Onceasupportislocated,though,theplantfixesitselfaroundtheobjectandthengrowingtowardsthelight.Tochoosethebestangletogrowupwards,aclimbingplantusesitsshoots(芽)toreceiveinformationaboutlightandgravity.FiloBothassensorsonitsmainshoot.Itcan3D-printitsbodywithplasticandgrowatacontrollablerate.Thesefunctionsresearchersfound,enabledFiloBottocrossgaps,andfindthingstoattachto.Thelackofheavyon-boardcomputingdevicemeansthatitislightandrequiresminimalcare,whileitsslowpacemeansthatitdoesn'tdisturbthingsaroundit,makingitpossibletomovethroughacomplex,unseenenvironment,ormonitoringdisastersites.Fornow,FiloBotisstillbeingtested.Itstendrils(卷須)havenotleftthelaboratory.Still,ithasalreadybeenemployedindeconstructingplantbehaviour.Forexample,itwaslongassumedthatclimbingplantsfindtheirsupportsbygrowingtowardsshade,thoughtheexactmechanismwasunclear.FiloBotcouldimitatethisbehaviourbydetectingfar-redlight,whichistypicalofshadedareas,providingcluestohowplantsdoit.DrMazzolaihopesthatsuchprojectswillinspireotherroboticiststotaketheircuesfromplantsanddevelopcompletelynewtechnologies.12．Whatdoesthemisconceptionaboutplantsinthefieldofroboticsfocuson?A．Theirshapes. B．Theirdiversity.C．Theirbodylanguage. D．Theircapabilities.13．WhatisanadvantageofFiloBot?A．Itmovesquickly.B．Ithasasolidmetalbody.C．Itadaptstodifferentenvironment.D．Itisattachedtohugecomputers.14．Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A．ThelimitationsofFiloBot.B．ThecurrentuseofFiloBot.C．ThecomponentsofFiloBot.D．TheuniquefeatureofFiloBot'sdesign.15．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthistext?A．ARoleModelforRoboticsResearchB．AGlimpseintotheWorldofRoboticsC．APlant-InspiredInnovationinRoboticsD．AMisunderstandingofthePlantKingdom二、第一部分閱讀，第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whendidwestartwalkingforleisure?"Goingforawalk"isapopularpastimeamongolderandyoungergenerationsalikebecauseofitswell-knownbenefitsforourphysicalandmentalhealth.Butyoumaybesurprisedtohearthatwanderingthroughprettystreetsorhikinginmountainoushavenotalwaysbeenconsideredleisureactivities,accordingtoDanielGale,aresearcherofpedestrianism(步行運(yùn)動(dòng)).16．Beforethat,itwasjustsomethingpeopledidoutofnecessity,someofwhomevenassociateditwithcriminalactivity.ButforCharlesDickens,thefamousEnglish19thCenturyauthor,marchingthroughLondonstreetsandtrampingaroundthecountrysidewasabigpartofthecreativeprocess.17．Hewalkedatanimpressivepaceoffourmilesperhour,accordingtohisbiographybyPeterAckroyd.18．Perhapsyoucantakeinspirationfromanotherbig-thinkingwanderer.19thCenturyAmericanwriterHenryDavidThoreautookaslowerapproach,preferringtostrolloverhillsandfieldsandthroughthewoods.Hesaidthathecouldnotpreservehishealthandspiritswithoutwalkingatleastfourhoursaday.Thisideaoftakingastrolltoclearyourheadhassurvivedthroughtothe21stCentury.Buthavepedestrianmannersremainedthesame?A1780articlefortheLondonMagazineadvisedpedestrianstoavoidthingssuchashangingaroundinconversationandobstructingpeoplebehindyou.19．Inthismodernage,whenmanyofusaretiedtoourdesksandtoourscreens,trythesimpleactofsteppingoutontothecitypavements,orgettinglostinnature.20．Whetheryouseeyourselfmoreasacasualstrollerorapurposefulstrider(闊步者),whynotbuildahabitoutofit?A.Whatifspeed-walkingisn'tyourthing?B.Thismaymakeallthedifferencetoourwellbeing.C.Nowadays,wecouldadddistractedphone-users.D.Hebroughttherecreationofwalkingintofashion.E.Goingonanurbanwalkismuchmorepleasantnow.F.Itwasatimetoabsorbwhatwasgoingonaroundhim.G.InBritain,walkingforfunwasn'treallyathinguntilthe1780s.三、第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用，第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。SargassumisthesmellyseaweedpilinguponbeachesacrosstheCaribbean.Itisn'tsomethingmostpeople21．kindly.ButforOmardeVazquez,agardener,itwassomethinglikea(an)22．.Yearsago,aspartofhisgardeningbusiness,Omarlaunchedabeachcleanupserviceto23．theleafyseaweed.But,asits24．intensified,hestartedconsideringhowtoturnitintosomethinguseful,andin2018he25．a(chǎn)waytouseitinbuildingblocks.Hestartedhiscompany—SargaBlocktomarketthebrickswhicharebeing26．bytheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProgram(UNDP)asasustainablesolutiontoacurrentenvironmentalproblem."WhenIlookatSargaBlock,it'slikelookingina27．,"hesays,comparinghiscompanytoovercominghispersonal28．,includingdrugandalcoholaddiction."ThatwasatimewhenIfeltunwantedand29．,likethesargassumpeoplecomplainedabout."Luckily,Omargrewupinnatureandpoverty,which30．hischaracterandturnedhimintosomeonewhotakesaction.Hewantedtomakesomethinggoodoutofsomethingeveryonesawasbad.Omarthenputhisideainto31．,mixing40%sargassumwithotherorganicmaterials,likeclay,whichhethenputsintoablock-formingmachine.Theprocesswas32．.TheUNDPselectedOmar'sworkfortheirAcceleratorLab,which33．a(chǎn)ndrecognizesinnovativesolutionstoenvironmentalchallengesglobally.Theideaisthatsomeofthemosttimelyandcreative34．comefromlocalssufferingfromenvironmentaldilemmas35．.21．A．lookupon B．bringinC．giveup D．comeacross22．A．game B．gift C．race D．trouble23．A．a(chǎn)ccess B．harvest C．remove D．process24．A．heat B．image C．presence D．movement25．A．workedout B．calledforC．showedoff D．turneddown26．A．highlighted B．undervaluedC．overemphasized D．withdrawn27．A．window B．mirror C．dictionary D．puzzle28．A．struggles B．fears C．desires D．opinions29．A．a(chǎn)ppreciated B．infected C．interrupted D．rejected30．A．fitted B．shaped C．revealed D．described31．A．operation B．words C．bills D．profit32．A．straightforward B．transformingC．natural D．consuming33．A．combines B．provides C．identifies D．drafts34．A．responses B．reminder C．a(chǎn)ppeal D．issues35．A．a(chǎn)longside B．offshore C．underneath D．firsthand四、第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用，第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。90percentoftheworld'sfireworksareproducedinChina.ThebiggestimporteristheUS,which36．(ship)inmorethanUS$650millionworthin2021.Thedetailsoffireworks'inventionarelosttohistory,but37．folktaletriestofillinthegap.ItgoesthatmonknamedLiTiancreatedfireworksaround1400yearsagobypackinggunpowderintobambootubes38．(scare)offevilspirits.Anexplosivemixtureofgun-powderandchemicalcompounds(化合物)is39．makesfireworksflashinprettycoloursandfunshapes.Theimagestheymakedependontheplacementofthesecompoundsinsidetheshellofthefirework.Crowd40．(favorite)include"comet",featuringalongtrailofsparks;"peony",aflower-likeburst;and"strobe",whichproducesablinkingeffect.Thesinglebiggestfireworkshellevershotwaspartofa2020winter-carnivaldisplayinColorado,US.41．(weigh)1268kilograms,itrosemorethanakilometreintothesky42．bursting,turningthenightskyred.Forcenturieswehadtolightfirework43．hand,butsincethe1980s,there'sbeenanotheroption:computer-controlledlighters,whichmademusicatdisplaysmore44．(precise)timedandsafer.Anevengreeneralternativerecently45．(adopt)isusingdronestotraceflashypatternsinthesky.Thefutureoffireworks,likesomuchelse,mayberobotic.五、第四部分寫(xiě)作，第一節(jié)（滿分15分）（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）46．假定你是校樂(lè)團(tuán)負(fù)責(zé)人李華，你校學(xué)生樂(lè)團(tuán)YouthOrchestra受邀將參加在英國(guó)舉辦的國(guó)際中學(xué)生音樂(lè)節(jié)，并演奏中國(guó)民樂(lè)，請(qǐng)給主辦機(jī)構(gòu)寫(xiě)一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.詢(xún)問(wèn)各項(xiàng)安排；2.表達(dá)期待。注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Dearorganizingcommittee,Yours,LiHua六、第四部分寫(xiě)作，第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Ijumpedintomymother'scar,shutthedoorandpouredoutmyrecenttrouble."Jennyisplayinghermindgamesagain.Trainingislesstiringthandealingwithherandherfeelings,"Icomplained.JennyandIwereco-captainsofourcross-countryteam.We'dbeentrainingforthecomingtournament(錦標(biāo)賽)forweeks:stretching,running,andmakingthesevenofusintoateam.Jenny,withexceptionalrunningtalent,alwayshadawaytogetaheadofhercompetitorsonthecourse.Shealsohelpedallofusrunfasterandcheereduson.Itseemedthatshewasanticipatingthefinalshow.However,thisweek,herattitudeshifted.Shekeptmakingexcusesnottorunwiththeteam,fromachinglegstoheadaches.Ihadtobegher,tellingherrepeatedlythattheteamcouldn'tdowithouther.ItwentonalldayandIwaswornout.What'sherdeal?Mompulledintoourdriveway,andturnedtowardme,"Well,IknowalittleaboutJenny.Sheandherlittlebrotherhavebeentogetherinfostercare(寄養(yǎng)家庭).Socloseweretheythateverytimetheymoved,Jennywouldsaythataslongastheyweretogether,theyhadafamily."MyheartsankasMomcontinued,"Jenny'sstepfather(繼父)cameforherbrotherthisweek,withgifts,hugsandbigplansfortheirfuture.ButJennywasn'tevenpartofhisbigplans."Mychestfelttight."PoorJenny,nottohaveafamily."Iwasclosetotears.Mymotherpattedmyknee."That'sit,honey.Yougotit."AndIdid.IdecidedthatIshoulddosomething.Iproposedthatweorganizeateamgatheringbeforethetournament.Eachmemberwastowriteaheartfeltmessageforeveryteammateandprepareaspecialgiftfortheonetheyfeltmostconnectedto.ImadesurethatJennywouldcome.Ittooksomepersuading,though.注意：1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Astheteamgatheringbegan,therewastensionintheair.Thedayofthetournamentarrived.

答案解析部分【答案】1．D2．C3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹和解釋不同種類(lèi)的能力傾向測(cè)試及其特點(diǎn)，為讀者（尤其是求職者）提供關(guān)于如何通過(guò)這些測(cè)試來(lái)了解自身職業(yè)潛能的信息和建議。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，包含推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類(lèi)閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項(xiàng)，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進(jìn)行理解。1．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"Aptitudetestsarehelpfultojobseekersofallages.Whilecareerquizzesexploreyourvaluesandworkstyle,aptitudetestsprovideamoreobjectiveevaluationofyourskills,helpingyouselectacareeryou'remostlikelytosucceedin."能力傾向測(cè)試對(duì)所有年齡段的求職者都很有幫助。職業(yè)測(cè)驗(yàn)考察的是你的價(jià)值觀和工作方式，而能力傾向測(cè)驗(yàn)則是對(duì)你的技能進(jìn)行更客觀的評(píng)估，幫助你選擇最有可能成功的職業(yè)?？芍?，能力測(cè)試主要評(píng)估求職者的專(zhuān)業(yè)能力。故選D。2．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)CliftonStrengths部分中的"AllenCheung,atechblogger,notesthatCliftonStrengthsismorevaluablethanyouraveragecareertestbecauseitincludes"trickyquestionswhicharen'taseasilygamed".科技博客作者艾倫·張指出，CliftonStrengths比一般的職業(yè)測(cè)試更有價(jià)值，因?yàn)樗?不那么容易應(yīng)付的棘手問(wèn)題"?？芍?，克利夫頓優(yōu)勢(shì)的獨(dú)特之處是其中包括具有挑戰(zhàn)性的問(wèn)題。故選C。3．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)CareerOneStop部分中的"Thecareersuggestionsattheendcanbesortedbyrelevance,annualwages,andjoboutlook,coupledwithwithprofessionalcoachingorconsultationimproveyourskills."最后的職業(yè)建議可以根據(jù)相關(guān)度、年薪和工作前景進(jìn)行分類(lèi)，再加上專(zhuān)業(yè)的指導(dǎo)或咨詢(xún)，可以提高你的技能?？芍珻areerOneStop適合喜歡分類(lèi)建議和職業(yè)指導(dǎo)的求職者。故選D。【答案】4．B5．C6．C7．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了十五歲的珊莎已經(jīng)寫(xiě)作八年了，過(guò)去四年一直在寫(xiě)一本書(shū)。她覺(jué)得自己被困住了，無(wú)法寫(xiě)作，于是開(kāi)始在洛杉磯尋找寫(xiě)作小組，尋求指導(dǎo)。當(dāng)她找到"寫(xiě)作女孩"時(shí)，她受到了啟發(fā)。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類(lèi)閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。4．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段"Fifteen-year-oldSansahasbeenwritingforeightyearsandhasbeenworkingonabookforthepastfour.Feelingstuckandunabletowrite,shestartedsearchingforwritinggroupsinLosAngeles,lookingforguidance.WhenshefoundWriteGirl,shewasinspired."十五歲的珊莎已經(jīng)寫(xiě)作八年了，過(guò)去四年一直在寫(xiě)一本書(shū)。她覺(jué)得自己被困住了，無(wú)法寫(xiě)作，于是開(kāi)始在洛杉磯尋找寫(xiě)作小組，尋求指導(dǎo)。當(dāng)她找到"寫(xiě)作女孩"時(shí)，她受到了啟發(fā)。可推知，珊莎加入"寫(xiě)作女孩"是為了克服她的寫(xiě)作障礙。故選B。5．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Throughtheprogram,girlsdiveintopoetry,fiction,songwriting,playandsoon,learningtechniquesfromprofessionalwomenwriters.Thisleadstowell-roundedtrainingandsetsWriteGirlapartfromotherorganizations."通過(guò)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，女孩們深入到詩(shī)歌、小說(shuō)、歌曲創(chuàng)作、戲劇等領(lǐng)域，向職業(yè)女作家學(xué)習(xí)技巧。這導(dǎo)致了全面的培訓(xùn)，并將"寫(xiě)作女孩"與其他組織區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)?？芍?，"寫(xiě)作女孩"與其他組織不同的是它讓女孩們接觸到不同的寫(xiě)作風(fēng)格。故選C。6．考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第四段中的"…a30-secondsessionbeforewritingforeachgirl."在為每個(gè)女孩寫(xiě)作之前有30秒的時(shí)間；以及"Asavehicleforteenstogettheirideasout,itempowersgirlstoexploreanythingmeaningfultothem."作為青少年表達(dá)想法的工具，它使女孩們能夠探索任何對(duì)她們有意義的事情。可推知，此處micandrant指的是"產(chǎn)生想法的一段時(shí)間。"故選C。7．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Wilderwishesshehadaprogramlikethisherselfwhenshewas15.‘Tojusthaveanorganizationwherepeoplearespendingtheirtimejusttotellyou,‘Hey,goodjob,'or‘Thatwasamazing.'You'reattheagewhereyouneedtohearthat.'"Wilder希望自己15歲時(shí)也能有這樣一個(gè)項(xiàng)目。"在一個(gè)組織里，人們花時(shí)間只是為了告訴你，‘嘿，干得好'或‘太棒了'。'你已經(jīng)到了需要聽(tīng)到這句話的年紀(jì)了。"可推知，DanyellaWilder在最后一段暗示了積極的反饋對(duì)十幾歲的女孩來(lái)說(shuō)至關(guān)重要。故選B。【答案】8．A9．D10．C11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，探討了獨(dú)處與孤獨(dú)的區(qū)別，并強(qiáng)調(diào)獨(dú)處對(duì)個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)的重要性。通過(guò)歷史人物的故事和科學(xué)研究，作者提倡在喧囂世界中尋找獨(dú)處時(shí)光，以恢復(fù)內(nèi)心并享受自我反思的益處。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷題型的考查，是一篇生活類(lèi)閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對(duì)，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段"ItisWilliamShakespeare,thegreatcoiner,whoisgivencreditfortheword.Coriolanus,oneofhischaracters,comparesgoingintoexile(流放)toa‘lonelydragon'retiringtohiscave.Hewastalkingaboutaphysicalstate:someonewhowaslonelywassimplyalone.Then,thankstotheRomanticpoets,thewordtookonemotionalmeanings.Lonelinessbecameaconditionofthesoul.ForWilliamWordsworth,whofamously‘wanderedlonelyasacloud',thenaturalworldofferedanescapefromnegativefeelingsofloneliness—ahostofflowerscouldprovide‘cheerfulcompany'.Today,lonelinessisoftenseenasaseriouspublic-healthproblem,creatingthefeelingofdisconnection."這個(gè)詞被認(rèn)為是由偉大的造幣者威廉·莎士比亞創(chuàng)造的?？评飱W蘭納斯，他的角色之一，把流亡比作一條"孤獨(dú)的龍"隱居在他的洞穴里。他說(shuō)的是一種生理狀態(tài)：孤獨(dú)的人只是一個(gè)人。然后，感謝浪漫主義詩(shī)人，這個(gè)詞有了情感意義。孤獨(dú)成了靈魂的一種狀態(tài)。對(duì)于以"像一朵云一樣孤獨(dú)地漫游"而聞名的威廉·華茲華斯來(lái)說(shuō)，大自然提供了一種逃離消極孤獨(dú)感的方式——一群花可以提供"愉快的陪伴"。如今，孤獨(dú)常常被視為一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的公共健康問(wèn)題，它會(huì)造成一種與外界脫節(jié)的感覺(jué)?？芍?，第一段通過(guò)回顧從莎士比亞最初使用"孤獨(dú)"一詞描述單純的物理上的獨(dú)處狀態(tài)，到浪漫主義詩(shī)人將其含義擴(kuò)展到心靈層面的過(guò)程，追溯了"孤獨(dú)"概念的發(fā)展。故選A。9．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段"InhisbookSolitude,NettaWeinstein,apsychologyprofessorwonderstherewardsoftimespentalone.HebeginswithanaccountofstoriesofsolitudecreatedbyfiguressuchasMichelMontaigne,awriter,andEdwardHopper,apainter.Nettathendrawonlaboratorywork,interviewsandsurveystoclarifyhowbeingalonereallyaffectsthehumanmind."心理學(xué)教授內(nèi)塔·溫斯坦在他的著作《孤獨(dú)》中對(duì)獨(dú)處時(shí)間的回報(bào)感到好奇。他首先講述了作家蒙田和畫(huà)家霍珀等人物創(chuàng)作的孤獨(dú)故事。然后，內(nèi)塔利用實(shí)驗(yàn)室工作、訪談和調(diào)查來(lái)闡明獨(dú)處是如何真正影響人類(lèi)思維的?？芍?，《孤獨(dú)》一書(shū)著重探討了獨(dú)處時(shí)間對(duì)人心理的正面影響，通過(guò)歷史人物的故事、實(shí)驗(yàn)室研究、訪談和調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)闡明獨(dú)處如何真正作用于人的心理。故選D。10．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中中的"Loneliness,oftenperceivedasnegative,canpotentiallybetransformedintoapositiveexperienceofsolitude."孤獨(dú)，通常被認(rèn)為是消極的，可以潛在地轉(zhuǎn)化為積極的孤獨(dú)體驗(yàn)。可知，孤獨(dú)的狀態(tài)是可以改變的。故選C。11．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Electivesolitude,bycontrast,affordsspaceforself-reflection.Itcanopenthedoorto‘peakexperiences'suchaswonder,harmony,andhappiness.Inahighly-connecteddigitalage,however,manyreadersdonotfancytheirchancesofevertakingalongenoughbreaktohavesuchexperiences."相比之下，選擇性的獨(dú)處為自我反省提供了空間。它可以打開(kāi)通往"高峰體驗(yàn)"的大門(mén)，比如驚奇、和諧和幸福。然而，在一個(gè)高度互聯(lián)的數(shù)字時(shí)代，許多讀者并不指望自己有機(jī)會(huì)休息足夠長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間來(lái)獲得這樣的體驗(yàn)?？芍?，Netta可能同意的一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)是在高度互聯(lián)的數(shù)字時(shí)代，許多讀者認(rèn)為自己不太可能有足夠長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間中斷來(lái)體驗(yàn)"巔峰時(shí)刻"，暗示在這樣的環(huán)境下，人們主動(dòng)選擇的、有利于自我反思的獨(dú)處變得較為少見(jiàn)，即選擇性獨(dú)處在數(shù)字世界中是罕見(jiàn)的。故選C?！敬鸢浮?2．D13．C14．B15．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了Mazzolai博士和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)最近推出了一種名為"FiloBot"的機(jī)器，這是一種基于攀爬物種的機(jī)器人。Mazzolai博士希望這樣的項(xiàng)目能激勵(lì)其他機(jī)器人專(zhuān)家從植物中獲得靈感，開(kāi)發(fā)出全新的技術(shù)。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，段落大意和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科技類(lèi)閱讀，首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關(guān)信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"Robotshavelongbeendrawinginspirationfromanimals,withthecreationofrobotdogsorsnake-shapedrobots.Andyet,thefieldofroboticsisfarlessenthusiasticabouttheotherkindoflivingthings—plants.BarbaraMazzolai,anItalianroboticistowesthistoamisconceptionaboutplantbehavior:thattheycannotmoveorthink."長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，機(jī)器人一直從動(dòng)物身上汲取靈感，出現(xiàn)了機(jī)器狗或蛇形機(jī)器人。然而，機(jī)器人領(lǐng)域?qū)α硪环N生物——植物卻遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有那么熱情。意大利機(jī)器人專(zhuān)家芭芭拉·馬佐萊(BarbaraMazzolai)認(rèn)為，這是因?yàn)槿藗儗?duì)植物行為有一種誤解：它們不能移動(dòng)或思考。可知，在機(jī)器人領(lǐng)域?qū)χ参锏恼`解集中在它們的能力。故選D。13．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Thelackofheavyon-boardcomputingdevicemeansthatitislightandrequiresminimalcare,whileitsslowpacemeansthatitdoesn'tdisturbthingsaroundit,makingitpossibletomovethroughacomplex,unseenenvironment,ormonitoringdisastersites."沒(méi)有沉重的機(jī)載計(jì)算設(shè)備意味著它很輕，需要最少的護(hù)理，而它緩慢的速度意味著它不會(huì)干擾周?chē)臇|西，這使得它可以在復(fù)雜的、看不見(jiàn)的環(huán)境中移動(dòng)，或者監(jiān)測(cè)災(zāi)難現(xiàn)場(chǎng)?？芍?，F(xiàn)iloBot的優(yōu)勢(shì)是它適應(yīng)不同的環(huán)境。故選C。14．考查段落大意。根據(jù)第四段"Fornow,FiloBotisstillbeingtested.Itstendrils(卷須)havenotleftthelaboratory.Still,ithasalreadybeenemployedindeconstructingplantbehaviour.Forexample,itwaslongassumedthatclimbingplantsfindtheirsupportsbygrowingtowardsshade,thoughtheexactmechanismwasunclear.FiloBotcouldimitatethisbehaviourbydetectingfar-redlight,whichistypicalofshadedareas,providingcluestohowplantsdoit."目前，F(xiàn)iloBot仍在測(cè)試中。它的卷須還沒(méi)有離開(kāi)實(shí)驗(yàn)室。盡管如此，它已經(jīng)被用于解構(gòu)植物的行為。例如，長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，人們一直認(rèn)為攀緣植物是通過(guò)向陰涼處生長(zhǎng)來(lái)獲得支撐的，盡管確切的機(jī)制尚不清楚。FiloBot可以通過(guò)探測(cè)遠(yuǎn)紅光來(lái)模仿這種行為，這是典型的陰影區(qū)域，為植物如何做到這一點(diǎn)提供線索。可知，第四段的主要內(nèi)容是FiloBot的當(dāng)前使用情況。故選B。15．考查標(biāo)題歸納。根據(jù)第一段中的"BarbaraMazzolai,anItalianroboticistowesthistoamisconceptionaboutplantbehavior:thattheycannotmoveorthink.‘It'snottrueatall,'shesays.Tochallengethisview,DrMazzolaiandherteamrecentlylaunchedamachinecalled‘FiloBot',arobotbasedonaclimbingspecies."意大利機(jī)器人專(zhuān)家芭芭拉·馬佐萊(BarbaraMazzolai)認(rèn)為，這是因?yàn)槿藗儗?duì)植物行為有一種誤解:它們不能移動(dòng)或思考。"這根本不是真的，"她說(shuō)。為了挑戰(zhàn)這一觀點(diǎn)，Mazzolai博士和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)最近推出了一種名為"FiloBot"的機(jī)器，這是一種基于攀爬物種的機(jī)器人；以及最后一段"DrMazzolaihopesthatsuchprojectswillinspireotherroboticiststotaketheircuesfromplantsanddevelopcompletelynewtechnologies."Mazzolai博士希望這樣的項(xiàng)目能激勵(lì)其他機(jī)器人專(zhuān)家從植物中獲得靈感，開(kāi)發(fā)出全新的技術(shù)?？芍恼轮饕v的是長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，機(jī)器人一直從動(dòng)物身上汲取靈感，出現(xiàn)了機(jī)器狗或蛇形機(jī)器人。然而，機(jī)器人領(lǐng)域?qū)α硪环N生物——植物卻遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有那么熱情。Mazzolai博士和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)最近推出了一種名為"FiloBot"的機(jī)器，這是一種基于攀爬物種的機(jī)器人。Mazzolai博士希望這樣的項(xiàng)目能激勵(lì)其他機(jī)器人專(zhuān)家從植物中獲得靈感，開(kāi)發(fā)出全新的技術(shù)。可推知"這是一種由植物啟發(fā)的機(jī)器人創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目"適合作本文標(biāo)題，故選C?！敬鸢浮?6．G；17．F；18．A；19．C；20．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了散步的歷史以及好處。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查七選五，本文是一篇運(yùn)動(dòng)類(lèi)閱讀，要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空后"Beforethat,itwasjustsomethingpeopledidoutofnecessity,someofwhomevenassociateditwithcriminalactivity.("在此之前，這只是人們出于需要而做的事情，有些人甚至把它與犯罪活動(dòng)聯(lián)系在一起?？芍颂幹饕谡f(shuō)明散步流行起來(lái)的時(shí)間。G.InBritain,walkingforfunwasn'treallyathinguntilthe1780s."在英國(guó)，直到18世紀(jì)80年代，以散步為樂(lè)趣才真正成為一件事"符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。17．根據(jù)空前"ButforCharlesDickens,thefamousEnglish19thCenturyauthor,marchingthroughLondonstreetsandtrampingaroundthecountrysidewasabigpartofthecreativeprocess."但對(duì)19世紀(jì)英國(guó)著名作家查爾斯·狄更斯來(lái)說(shuō)，在倫敦街頭游行、在鄉(xiāng)間漫步是創(chuàng)作過(guò)程的重要組成部分?？芍?，上文提到著名作家查爾斯·狄更斯喜歡創(chuàng)作的時(shí)候散步，因此此處承接上文，說(shuō)明這么做